An increasing number of libraries and information centers are using content management (CM) applications to develop, redesign, and maintain their websites. the purpose of this research was to provide understanding of attitudes of academic librarians about how their utilization of CM technology influences the information services they provide at the academic library’s website and to examine their perceptions of how using CM affects the creation of the web content. This research applied a qualitative research design (electronic survey and in-depth semi-structured interviews of academic subject librarians) with elements of a quantitative approach. the study discussed the concept of web authorship and supplied fundamentals for future theoretical research about authorship in web content development at academic libraries. the study provided an overview of CM at academic libraries and explored characteristics of dynamic content and semantic web applications at their websites. It discussed librarians’ opinions about issues of migration to the new content management system (CMS), factors affecting its efficient employment, and roles of librarians in web content management. Results of this study will serve to future research on management behavior of academic librarians authoring web content with the help of CM. the findings about the difficulties observed in the use of CMS and solutions, influence of training and learning, importance of cooperation and communication, adjustment of the CMS to the users’ needs, qualifications and skills needed in application of CM, distribution of responsibilities in the use of CMS, features of the CMS, and requirements to its functionality will have implications for academic and other libraries applying CM.

As of December 2007, the number of Internet users in China had increased to 210 million people. The annual growth rate reached 53.3 percent in 2008, with the average number of Internet users increasing every day by 200,000 people. Currently, China's Internet population is slightly lower than the 215 million internet users in the United States. [1] Despite the rapid growth of the Chinese economy in the global Internet market, China’s e-commerce is not following the traditional pattern of commerce, but instead has developed based on user demand. This growth has extended into every area of the Internet. In the west, expert product reviews have been shown to be an important element in a user’s purchase decision. The higher the quality of product reviews that customers received, the more products they buy from on-line shops. As the number of products and options increase, Chinese customers need impersonal, impartial, and detailed products reviews. This thesis focuses on on-line product reviews and how they affect Chinese customer’s purchase decisions. E-commerce is a complex system. As a typical model of e-commerce, we examine a Business to Consumer (B2C) on-line retail site and consider a number of factors; including some seemingly subtitle factors that may influence a customer’s eventually decision to shop on website. Specifically this thesis project will examine aggregated product reviews from different on-line sources by analyzing some existing western companies. Following this the thesis demonstrates how to aggregate product reviews for an e-business website. During this thesis project we found that existing data mining techniques made it straight forward to collect reviews. These reviews were stored in a database and web applications can query this database to provide a user with a set of relevant product reviews. One of the important issues, just as with search engines is providing the relevant product reviews and determining what order they should be presented in. In our work we selected the reviews based upon matching the product (although in some cases there are ambiguities concerning if two products are actually identical or not) and ordering the matching reviews by date - with the most recent reviews present first. Some of the open questions that remain for the future are: (1) improving the matching - to avoid the ambiguity concerning if the reviews are about the same product or not and (2) determining if the availability of product reviews actually affect a Chinese user's decision to purchase a product. / I december 2007 uppgick antalet internetanvändare i Kina har ökat till 210 miljoner människor. Den årliga tillväxttakten nådde 53,3 procent 2008, med den genomsnittliga Antalet Internet-användare ökar för varje dag av 200.000 människor. Närvarande Kinas Internet befolkningen är något lägre än de 215 miljoner Internetanvändare i USA Staterna.[1] Trots den snabba tillväxten i den kinesiska ekonomin i den globala Internetmarknaden, Kinas e-handel inte följer det traditionella mönstret av handel, men i stället har utvecklats baserat på användarnas efterfrågan. Denna tillväxt har utvidgas till alla områden I Internet. I väst har expert recensioner visat sig vara en viktig del I användarens köpbeslut. Ju högre kvalitet på produkten recensioner som kunderna mottagna fler produkter de köper från on-line butiker. Eftersom antalet produkter och alternativen ökar, kinesiska kunderna behöver opersonlig, opartisk och detaljerade produkter recensioner. Denna avhandling fokuserar på on-line recensioner och hur de påverkar Kinesiska kundens köpbeslut.</p> E-handel är ett komplext system. Som en typisk modell för e-handel, vi undersöka ett Business to Consumer (B2C) on-line-försäljning plats och överväga ett antal faktorer; inklusive några till synes subtitle faktorer som kan påverka kundens småningom Beslutet att handla på webbplatsen. Uttryckligen detta examensarbete kommer att undersöka aggregerade recensioner från olika online-källor genom att analysera vissa befintliga västra företag. Efter den här avhandlingen visar hur samlade produkt recensioner för en e-affärer webbplats. Under detta examensarbete fann vi att befintliga data mining tekniker gjort det rakt fram för att samla recensioner. Dessa översyner har lagrats i en databas och webb program kan söka denna databas för att ge en användare med en rad relevanta product recensioner. En av de viktiga frågorna, precis som med sökmotorer är att tillhandahålla relevanta produkt recensioner och bestämma vilken ordning de ska presenteras i. vårt arbete har vi valt recensioner baserat på matchning produkten (men i vissa fall det finns oklarheter i fråga om två produkter verkligen identiska eller inte) och beställa matchande recensioner efter datum - med den senaste recensioner närvarande första. Några av de öppna frågorna som kvarstår för framtiden är: (1) förbättra matchning - För att undvika oklarheter rörande om Gästrecensionerna om samma produkt eller inte och (2) avgöra om det finns recensioner faktiskt påverka en kinesisk användarens val att köpa en produkt.

The report is about the project with the aim of building a front-end solution on a website in the WCMS WordPress for the customer Photon Sports through the full-service agency Oh My. The website, which will be built from an already developed design, will showcase the company's product and include a function for interested parties to sign up for a waiting list. The structure must be made so flexible in terms of content that the customer can manage and update the website through the WordPress admin interface after the completed project. The modules and other elements that will build the subpages on the website are created with the WordPress plugin Advanced Custom Fields (ACF), self-written code in the languages HTML and PHP, CSS with Tailwind for styling, JS for functionality, and with WordPress' functions for mail and menus. The project results in a finished solution that is functional, responsive, available in different formats, and that lives up to the design requirements. The content of the website is flexible for the customer to handle and the basic idea of the WCMS comes in handy for both the customer and the developer, even if the usability of the admin interface does not always live up to its full potential. Results of technical tests such as validation of code and the speed of the website show points that do not reach the highest level but are concluded not to be fixed due to possibility or choice. The entire work with the project has shown lessons in method and approach, thoughts on possible further solutions to usability, and reflection on ethical and social parts of the project concerning accessibility and laws. / Rapporten handlar om projektet med syftet att genom fullservicebyrån Oh My bygga en frontend lösning på en webbplats i WCMSet WordPress till kunden Photon Sports. Webbplatsen som ska byggas från en redan framtagen design ska visa upp företagets produkt och innehålla funktion för intressenter att skriva upp sig på en väntelista. Uppbyggnaden ska göras så pass flexibel innehållsmässigt att kunden ska själv kunna efter avslutat projekt hantera och uppdatera webbplatsen genom WordPress admingränssnitt. Modulerna och övriga element som ska bygga upp undersidorna på webbplatsen skapas med WordPress pluginet Advanced Custom Fields(ACF), egenskriven kod i språken HTML och PHP, CSS med Tailwind för styling, JS för funktionalitet, och med WordPress funktioner för mail och menyer. Projektet resulterar i färdig lösning som är funktionell, responsiv, tillgänglig i olika format och som lever upp till designens krav. Innehållet i webbplatsen är flexibelt för kunden att hantera och grundtanken med WCMSet kommer till sin användning för likväl kunden som utvecklaren även om användbarheten i admingränssnittet inte alltid lever upp till sin fulla potential. Resultat på tekniska tester som validering av kod och webbplatsens hastighet visar på punkter som inte når högsta nivå men får slutsaten att ej åtgärdas på grund av möjlighet eller val. Hela arbetet med projektet har visat på lärdomar i metod och förhållningssätt, tankar om möjliga vidare lösningar på användbarhet och reflektion över etiska och sociala delar i projektet som rör tillgänglighet och lagar.

This study aimed to investigate the needs and challenges faced by visually impairedindividuals when using the internet and assess the compatibility of the challengesthey face with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0). By exam-ining these aspects, through analysis of existing literature, surveys and interview.The study sought to gain insights into the difficulties experienced by the visuallyimpaired community and provide recommendations for improving web accessibilityand contribute to the development of more accessible and user-friendly web content.This, in turn, can improve the quality of life for individuals with visual impairmentsand promote their active involvement in social, economic, and cultural activities.The study findings indicate common obstacles faced by individuals with visual im-pairments when accessing the internet, including difficulties in reading text, limitedcustomization options, insufficient color contrast, poorly structured content, inacces-sible forms or inputs, challenges in identifying images or icons, navigating web pages,and completing forms.Individuals with visual impairments have unique requirements when using theinternet, such as the use of assistive technologies and alternative text descriptions.However, they encounter various obstacles that hinder their access and engagementwith digital content and services.Although WCAG 2.0 serves as a foundationalframework for web accessibility, there is still room for improvement in terms ofawareness, implementation, and testing. Further efforts are necessary to enhanceinternet accessibility for individuals with visual impairments, facilitating their fullparticipation in social, economic, and cultural activities.

This thesis investigates the use of static, adaptive, adaptable and mixed-initiative approaches to the personalisation of content and graphical user interfaces (GUIs). This empirical study consisted of three experimental phases. The first examined the use of static, adaptive, adaptable and mixed-initiative approaches to web content. More specifically, it measured the usability (efficiency, frequency of error occurrence, effectiveness and satisfaction) of an e-commerce website. The experiment was conducted with 60 subjects and was tested empirically by four independent groups (15 subjects each). The second experiment examined the use of adaptive, adaptable and mixed-initiative approaches to GUIs. More specifically, it measured the usability (efficiency, frequency of error occurrence, effectiveness and satisfaction) in GUI control structures (menus). In addition, it investigated empirically the effects of content size on five different personalised menu types. In order to carry out this comparative investigation, two independent experiments were conducted, on small menus (17 items) and large ones (29 items) respectively. The experiment was conducted with 60 subjects and was tested empirically by four independent groups (15 subjects each). The third experiment was conducted with 40 subjects and was tested empirically by four dependent groups (5 subjects each). The aim of the third experiment was to mitigate the drawbacks of the adaptive, adaptable and mixedinitiative approaches, to improve their performance and to increase their usability by using multimodal auditory solutions (speech, earcons and auditory icons). The results indicate that the size of content affects the usability of personalised approaches. In other words, as the size of content increases, so does the need of the adaptive and mixed-initiative approaches, whereas that of the adaptable approach decreases. A set of empirically derived guidelines were also produced to assist designers with the use of adaptive, adaptable and mixed-initiative approaches to web content and GUI control structure.

Yes / As complex data becomes the norm, greater understanding of machine learning (ML) applications is needed for content marketers. Unstructured data, scattered across platforms in multiple forms, impedes performance and user experience. Automated classification offers a solution to this. We compare three state-of-the-art ML techniques for multilabel classification - Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Neural Network - to automatically tag and classify online news articles. Neural Network performs the best, yielding an F1 Score of 70% and provides satisfactory cross-platform applicability on the same organisation's YouTube content. The developed model can automatically label 99.6% of the unlabelled website and 96.1% of the unlabelled YouTube content. Thus, we contribute to marketing literature via comparative evaluation of ML models for multilabel content classification, and cross-channel validation for a different type of content. Results suggest that organisations may optimise ML to auto-tag content across various platforms, opening avenues for aggregated analyses of content performance.

Der BIM-Standard hat in den letzten Jahren viel Bewegung in die Softwarelandschaft gebracht. Der Wunsch und die Notwendigkeit, Daten aus der EMC Landschaft mit den digitalen Daten der Planung und dem aktuellen Progress auf den Baustellen zu verbinden, stellt hier einen besonderen Motor dar. Die digitale Bauakte – nur ein Traum? Unternehmen unterschiedlichster Größe und Ausrichtung begleiten durch Ihre Tätigkeiten einen Neu- bzw. Umbau von der Idee bis zur Realisierung. Die Lösungsansätze bzw. Lösungen der Digitalisierung in den verschiedensten Ausprägungen, Tiefen und Teilbereichen existieren. Eine Lösung, die von den KMUs bis hin zu den Konzernen genutzt wird, haben wir aus dem Blickwinkel der Planer, Betreiber und Montageunternehmen im industriellen Anlagenbauumfeld (Industrie- und Produktionsanlagen aller Art) nicht gefunden. Die Lösung von inactio und ESZETT schaut aus zwei unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln auf die Kunden. Die Abbildung 1 reißt das Spannungsfeld ein wenig an. inactio/eebos begleitet Ihre Kunden im Umfeld von onbase, SAP und digitalen Archiven. ESZETT kommt mit ihren Erfahrungen der Planungswelten, VR-Systemen und dem WCM-System bee aus der Planungs- und Montagebegleitung. Der Wunsch, mit einer kleinen Lösung zu beginnen (KMU), die bei den einzelnen Unternehmen für ihre Belange genutzt werden kann, hin zu der Vernetzung und der Möglichkeit des Einbindens dieser ‚Inseln‘ in einem Gesamtprojekt mit allen technischen Möglichkeiten und Verknüpfungen, soll kein Traum bleiben. [...]

A presente dissertação investiga o quanto influencias situacionais, presentes nos sites de empresas do comércio eletrônico, impactam na intenção de recompra do consumidor online. Para tanto, um modelo teórico integrativo foi desenvolvido e investigado, baseado em uma revisão teórica dos principais estudos que pesquisam intenção de compra no e-commerce. Buscou-se o desenvolvimento de um modelo que proporcionasse uma explicação abrangente dos principais fatores advindos do contexto de compra nos sites que tivessem uma relação positiva com a satisfação e intenção de recompra do consumidor. Uma das grandes contribuições dessa dissertação é a identificação dos fatores presentes nos sites de empresas do e-commerce mais importantes no processo de decisão de compra do consumidor. Como contribuição teórica, esse modelo desenvolvido abrange além dos principais construtos que já estão sendo investigados nesta área de estudos (conteúdo, layout, risco percebido e diversão) construtos ainda não investigados em um mesmo modelo: Tipo de apelo utilizado na comunicação, Comunicação do preço, Tipo de manchete e Facilidade percebida na realização da transação. Além disso, investigou-se se a variável gerações de consumidores seria moderadora destas relações. Os dados desse estudo foram coletados a partir de uma amostra de 228 questionários válidos aplicados em consumidores que utilizam a Internet para realizar compras. O método de coleta de dados aplicado nesta pesquisa foi a pesquisa do tipo survey com questionários auto-administrados pela Internet. Para a análise de dados primários coletados, optou-se pelo uso do mínimo quadrado parcial (Partial Least Squares ou PLS) para a obtenção tanto das relações dos construtos independentes e dependentes, como também das relações existentes entre todos os construtos do modelo proposto. Resultados obtidos demonstram que a satisfação afeta diretamente a intenção de recompra do consumidor. Além disso, todos os construtos do modelo tiveram a hipótese sustentada, indicando influencias com magnitudes distintas, mas todas positivas. A variável gerações demonstrou moderar a relação de 4 dos 8 construtos da pesquisa. Destaca-se por fim que o modelo proposto permite a explicação de elevada proporção da variância total da intenção de recompra. / This project presents a study that investigates how recurrent online consumers are influenced by different aspects while shopping through websites (e-commerce). The author reviewed main international academic studies about buying intents through the internet, and then investigated and modeled an integrative survey, which could correlate both consumer satisfaction and rebuying intent with a series of factors related to the shopping experience. The main contribution of this paper is the identification of the most important factors on the online stores (e-retail) which positively impact the online shoppers, both, those already analyzed in many studies as content, layout, enjoyment and perceived risks, and some new constructs that have not been analyzed together as headlines, price/discount offers, advertisement appealing and easiness of browsing. Moreover, this paper also offered a perspective about whether and how these factors vary according do consumers\' generation. All data was extracted from an online self-administered survey with 330 consumers in São Paulo who declared being used to shopping goods through Internet. It came to a 228 valid respondents, whose responses were analyzed through the method of Partial Least Squares (PLS), in order to obtain both, the correlation of dependent and independent constructs, as well as the correlation among all factors analyzed within this study. The main outcome of this study is that online shoppers\' satisfaction strongly impacts their rebuying intention. Moreover, all the constructs present in this study have proved their positive impact on consumers rebuying intention, each factor varying in correlation strength, but all positive and statically proven. Besides that, the variable \'generation\' moderated 4 out of all 8 constructs presented in this study. Lastly, the proposed model statically explains higher proportion of total rebuying intention variance.

Providing service via theWeb differs from other service provision environments in that it is possible for the unexpected arrival of a massive number of service requests in a small time-frame, a situation commonly referred to as a flash crowd. Events of this nature are beyond the control of the service provider, and have the potential to severely degrade service quality and, in the worst case, to deny service to all clients completely. The occurrence, severity and sought Web content of a flash crowd is beyond the control of service provision software. How this software reacts to such a flash crowd, however, is not. Given the short-lived nature of flash crowds, it is unreasonable to expect such systems to increase the system resources they can apply to a particular flash crowd event. It is also difficult to predict the particular nature of any flash crowd, and subsequently which system resources will bottleneck. The driving hypothesis of this research is that, if we are to reasonably expect to have software react effectively to flash crowd events, we need to alter that software at runtime to remove system bottlenecks, whilst a flash crowd event is in progress. This is a special case of what is usually known as "unanticipated software evolution". This thesis reports on an investigation into how unanticipated software evolution can be applied to running Web service provision software to remove system bottlenecks. It does so by introducing automated dynamic Web content degradation to running software currently subject to simulated flash crowd events. The thesis describes and validates appropriate runtime extensions to allow generative object communication architectures (a promising class of architecture for unanticipated software evolution) to be converted initially into a Web application server, and then later accept further runtime behaviour changes. Such changes could alter system bottlenecks by replacing the key programming logic causing system bottlenecks at runtime.

With the rise of e-learning and recent legislations of the European Union enforcing conformance to Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 for web applications of public sector bodies, the issue of identifying and solving web accessibility issues in e-learning applications is more relevant than ever. This thesis is based on a case study of a publisher of course literature whose intention is to improve the accessibility of their e-learning applications. The thesis contains a theoretical foundation on disabilities, e-learning and web accessibility including assistive technologies, the web accessibility guidelines WCAG 2.0 and the web accessibility evaluation method WCAG-EM. This theory is used for developing solutions to accessibility issues found in the e-learning applications and comparing accessibility with e-learning theory. The results are presented as concrete examples to be useful for developers of e-learning applications. It was found that there exist a few instances where accessibility and e-learning contradict each other, but the solutions to accessibility problems are most often not affected by the learning premise of the applications.