O chão de fábrica é constituído por operários cuja atuação cotidiana em diferentes postos de trabalho consiste, simultaneamente, na gestão de si próprios. Embora a fábrica seja cravejada por normas oficiais operacionais, de segurança e de qualidade, os operários gerem todos esses elementos conforme suas necessidades psicofísicas e escolhas valorativas possíveis. Portanto, trata-se de uma análise, pautada tanto em veio teórico, notadamente o ergológico, quanto, especialmente, em achados empíricos extraídos de entrevistas efetivadas junto a operários metalúrgicos da grande São Paulo. Ambas as esferas, teórica e empírica, comungam esforços em mostrar as atividades de chão de fábrica em uma perspectiva distanciada daquela de pura execução por operadores via operações padronizadas exogenamente. Essas atividades são na realidade re-formuladas, re-conduzidas, às vezes até reinventadas, consequentemente, apropriadas por sujeitos operários, que renormalizam o seu meio e, na medida do possível, singularizam seus atos de trabalho de acordo com os seus próprios usos subjetivos, valorativos e simbólicos. / The shop floor is constituted by workers whose daily performance in different workstations consists, simultaneously, in the self-management. Although the factory is studded by operational official norms, of safety and of quality, the workers generate all those elements according to their needs psycho-physicals and possible appreciated choices. Therefore, it is treated of an analysis, ruled so much in theoretical vein, especially the ergological, as, especially, in empiric discoveries extracted of interviews accomplished with the workers metallurgists of the São Paulo\'s metropolitan area. Both spheres, theoretical and empiric, they take communion efforts in showing the activities of shop floor by a distanced perspective of that of pure execution by operators through operations standardized exogenously. These activities are in the reality re-formulated, re-driven, sometimes until reinvented, consequently, appropriate for subjects workers, that re-normalize their environment and, insofar as possible, they become singular their work actions according to their own subjective, appreciated and symbolic uses.

Background: In Utah, all major hospital facilities have employee vaccination policies. However, the presence of health care worker vaccination policies in the Utah outpatient oncology setting was unknown. Objectives: The objectives were to identify Utah oncology outpatient employee vaccination policies and to identify what consequences, if any, were present for unvaccinated employees. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study design in which clinic managers from outpatient oncology clinics in Utah were asked, via questionnaire, to describe the clinic's employee vaccination policy and the consequences for refusing the policy. Findings: Most vaccination policies applied to employees primarily assigned to work in the back office area. Most commonly, influenza and Hepatitis B vaccines were required as part of the vaccination policy. Most managers offered free vaccinations to employees, although most managers also allowed employees to refuse to follow the vaccination policy for medical, religious, or personal reasons.

With the growing presence of Latino families across the United States, service providers must remain cognizant of this group’s unique sociocultural characteristics. Culturally competent service provision requires child welfare professionals to remain aware of the stressors often faced by this population. Immigration and acculturation issues, language and cultural barriers, poverty, discrimination, fear of deportation, and lack of access to a variety of services are a few of the stressors that are commonly experienced by this group. Linguistically competent practice requires service provision to be in a families’ native language; however, there are many other factors to consider even when doing so. Cultural unfamiliarity, inadequate bi-lingual worker training in professional terminology, and issues with translators and interpreters are all factors to be considered. It was hypothesized that the relationships between clients and workers may depend on shared culture, that cultural differences due to different backgrounds and countries of origin may hinder working relationships. Through qualitative face to face interviews, this study gained insight into Spanish-speaking client and worker perspectives on their working relationships. The study aimed to understand the advantages and limitations to matching clients and workers solely on shared language. Findings suggest that cultural similarities or differences were not the primary relationship concerns for either workers or clients. Rather, both clients and workers expressed more salient concerns related to the lack of resources for translation and interpretation, the absence of worker Spanish-language training, clients’ limited willingness/ability to advocate for themselves, and increased workload and supervisory lack of support. It is recommended that supervisors take part in mandatory trainings aimed at managing such complex caseloads, that workers receive continuous Spanish language training in professional terminology as well as case management training tailored towards this specific population, and that a more uniform and informative approach is developed when working with these families. Although the present study attempts to address the knowledge gap involving client perspectives, additional research should focus on client experiences more heavily. Further research is also needed in assessing the adequacy of county-made language certification tests and worker perception of language competency while out in the field.

This study evaluates the construct validity of the Least Preferred Co-worker (LPC) Scale by testing the predictions made by the motivational hierarchy hypothesis. The respondents were one hundred fifty-nine supervisors and managers. The LPC determined leadership style as either relationship-oriented or task-oriented. Situational control was measured by the Leader-Member Relations scale, Task Structure scale, and Position Power scale. Consideration behavior, measured by the adapted LBDQ, reflected a need for interpersonal success. Initiation of structure behaviors, measured by the adapted LBDQ, reflected a need for task success. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) High LPC leaders in high control situations engage in more task-oriented behaviors than high LPC leaders in low control situations. Low LPC leaders' task-oriented behaviors are consistent across situational control. (2) Low LPC leaders in high control situations engage in more consideration behaviors than low LPC leaders in low control situations. High LPC leaders' consideration behaviors are consistent across situational control. The results of this study supplements previous research (Green, Nebeker & Boni, 1976; Michaelson, 1973) supportive of the motivational hierarchy inteipretation of the LPC. Hypothesis 1 was not supported. However, a significant interaction effect supported Hypothesis 2. Criticisms concerning the construct validity of the LPC, the motivational hierarchy inteipretation of the LPC, and the Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness are discussed. Several recommendations for future research are suggested.

Organizational leaders and managers may not have the management acumen, organizational awareness, or leadership expertise to construct and implement effective strategies, policies, and procedures to help reduce the frequency of the phenomenon of workplace isolation. The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory, multiple case study was to gain a common understanding about how workplace isolation may influence a remote employee'€™s performance in a customer service organization in the United States. Emerson'€™s social exchange theory was used as the conceptual framework. A series of semistructured interviews with 21 remote workers that consisted of four different divisions at the same organization was conducted to yield thematic results. Data analysis included holistic and pattern coding. The most common understandings that emerged into themes were the need of social interaction, manager communication, and peer-to-peer interactions that had an influence on job performance. The knowledge acquired in this study can affect social change by providing insights for leaders, managers, and practitioners to create policies and strategies to improve the engagement, performance, and well-being of remote workers who may experience workplace isolation.

acase@tulane.edu / The Zambian Ministry of Health (MOH) National Malaria Control center (NMCC) adopted artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) as a first-line antimalarial drug for uncomplicated malaria in 2003, and included rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) in its case management guidelines to reduce over-diagnosis of malaria and over-prescription of antimalarials. Prior research has highlighted gaps in the malaria case management process in Zambia, especially in diagnosis and treatment. The first paper of this study aimed to build quality indices or indicators for the four components of malaria case management: assessment, diagnosis, treatment and counseling. The Zambia MOH/NMCC conducted a nationally representative health facility survey in 2011 with the Malaria Control and Evaluation Partnership in Africa. The mean assessment quality (percentage of assessment items correctly completed) rate was 49.9%. The diagnostic quality (concordance with gold standard diagnosis) rate was 82.4%, with 86.9% sensitivity and 79.4% specificity. The treatment quality rate (correct treatment for those needing antimalarials and no treatment for patients not needing it) was 89.6%, and the mean counseling quality (percentage of counseling items correctly completed) rate was 48.6%. The second paper investigated factors association with each of the four components of malaria case management. Supervision was significantly associated with assessment and counseling but not diagnosis and treatment. Health facility managing authority was associated with assessment and diagnosis. Availability of blood tests was associated with correct diagnosis, and diagnosis was strongly associated with treatment. Malaria endemicity and availability of IMCI guidelines were associated with counseling quality. The third paper investigated the associated between counseling and patient recall of treatment regimen, and found that they were associated as hypothesized. The Zambia NMCC has improved the quality of malaria case management over previous years, although it is recommended that more health facility surveys are conducted in order to study the change in health worker performance over time. / 1 / Louie Rosencrans

Migrant farm workers experience many hardships during their time in the U.S. One major problem faced by migrant farm workers is the lack of access to and utilization of health care services. Migrant farm workers usually do not qualify for services in the U.S., and often do not have any services available to them when in Mexico. This study examined the utilization and satisfaction of health services received by migrant farm workers. A total of seven Latino migrant farm workers were interviewed. Analysis indicated each worker had utilized the health program available to them in Iowa and were satisfied with the service they received. The majority of workers reported that not having health insurance impeded the likelihood of their seeking medical services in Mexico. They were satisfied with any services they received during their time in Iowa. The findings stress the importance of providing additional prevention health services to migrant farm workers to increase access, utilization, and satisfaction with health services.

Magister Curationis - MCur / Caring for people with intellectual disability is stressful as they have a reduced ability to cope independently. The stress may be exacerbated by the challenging behaviours intellectually disabled people display and by the lack of social support that care workers may experience. The aim of this study is to explore and describe care workers’ experience of stress and social support whilst caring for intellectually disabled residents with challenging behaviour. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive phenomenology study was utilised to answer the research question: “What are the experiences of stress and social support of care workers caring for intellectually disabled residents with challenging behaviour at a residential facility in the Western Cape?” A purposive sampling technique was utilised to select ten care workers working at a residential facility for intellectually disabled residents with challenging behaviour in the Western Cape. Lazarus and Folkman’s transactional model of stress and coping has been used to guide the study. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi’s method of data analysis was used to analyse the data. The four main themes that emerged are: (1) acceptance of abuse as a working condition, (2) interpersonal relationships with colleagues, residents and residents’ families, (3) the selfimpacted by an array of emotions and (4) social support and coping strategies used to deal with the stress experienced. The study concluded that care workers’ training does not prepare them to understand and manage residents with challenging behaviour adequately. Formalised training as well as interpersonal skills building is necessary for them to cope with the stress they experience while working with intellectually disabled residents.

<p>Empati är att kunna uppleva och förstå andra människors känslor. Tre studier gjordes för att undersöka socialsekreterares empati för sina klienter och hur de upplever sin professionella och genuina empati. Två studier var kvantitativa och en var en mixed design. Deltagarna var 26 socialsekreterare och 57 socionomstudenter. Studie 1 och 2 visade att socialsekreterare och studenter på socionomprogrammet hade mer empati för en sympatisk person än för en osympatisk. Studie 3 visade en tendens till att socialsekreterarna upplevde mer distans vid professionell än vid genuin empati. Ju fler antal år en socialsekretare har arbetat desto mindre spelar det roll hur klienten uppträder vid mötet, detta gäller även för socionomstudenterna.</p>

<p>Förskola och skola kan upptäcka om ett barn far illa och anmäler till socialtjänsten som utreder fallet. Studiens syfte var att med kvalitativ metod i form av intervjuer undersöka hur samarbetet mellan dessa instanser upplevs, samt vilka möjligheter och hinder som upplevs för att hjälpa barnet. Tio personer från de olika instanserna intervjuades. Studien visade att (1) möjligheter finns att hjälpa familjerna, (2) det är svårt då föräldrar inte samarbetar samt då samarbetet mellan förskola, skola och socialtjänst begränsas genom socialtjänstens tystnadsplikt och (3) samarbetet mellan instanserna är bra men kan förbättras med mer insikt i varandras arbete. Det framkom att ett behov av bättre samarbete behöver utvecklas. Åtgärder på ett tidigare stadium skulle vara resursbesparande.</p>