The fast changes in the industry require improved production workstations which ensure the workers' safety and improve the efficiency of the production. Technology developments and revised legislation have increased the possibility of using collaborative robots. This allows for new types of industry workstations where robots and humans cooperate in performing tasks. In addition to safety, the design of collaborative workstations needs to consider the areas of ergonomics and task allocation to ensure appropriate work conditions for the operators, while providing overall system efficiency. By facilitating the design development process of such workstations, the use of software simulations can help in gaining quality, save time and money by supporting decision making and testing concepts before creating a physical workstation, in turn, aimed to lead to better final solutions and a faster process of implementation or reconfiguration. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of having a human-robot collaboration in a workstation that is based on a use-case from the industry. The concept designs will be simulated and verified through a physical prototype, with which ergonomic analysis, time analysis, and risk assessments will be compared to validate the resultant collaborative workstation.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-11-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:02:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_al_dr_botfca.pdf: 4666928 bytes, checksum: 33d9ac1ad5f97050b0d3ae3f98633161 (MD5) / A crescente demanda na aquisição de tratores agrícolas vem aumentando a concorrência entre os fabricantes e expondo a carência das empresas em produzir tratores agrícolas que possam atender as nececidades ergonômicas de pequenas e grandes propriedades rurais ampliando a opção do comprador com novos modelos que atendam às suas necessidades de uso. O lançamento de novos modelos de tratores agrícolas traz ao mercado nacional as mais recentes tecnologias ao posto de trabalho do operador de trator. A inserção de novas tecnologias na agricultura vem avançando constantemente em várias áreas, mas, especificamente no posto de trabalho do operador de trator agrícola, estas inovações não caminham na mesma velocidade, quando se utiliza de técnicas não tão atuais para avaliar com precisão o invólucro do operador de trator, dificultando, ainda, ao pesquisador a aquisição de equipamentos atualizados para a coleta de dados ergonômicos, principalmente para as coordenadas tridimensionais. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um equipamento que possa coletar as coordenadas tridimensionais dos controles do posto de trabalho do operador de trator, automatizando a inserção dos dados diretamente ao computador e tendo maior precisão das medidas obtidas, eliminando os erros humanos de leitura e digitação. O equipamento proposto é composto de um sistema de angulação horizontal, vertical e um feixe de laser para medições diretas, sendo que os dados coletados por um módulo conversor da angulação, e um sistema de coleta sem fio para o feixe de laser. Com o propósito de coletar os dados, foi desenvolvido um programa computacional chamado de “Ergocoord”, na linguagem de programação Delphi. Para os dados coletados foram utilizados tratores novos com potência média de 74 kW, visando não alterar as variáveis da pesquisa... / The growing demand in the purchase of tractors is increasing competition between manufacturers and exposing the lack of companies to produce farm tractors that can meet the ergonomic nececidades large and small farms extending the option buyer with new models that meet their needs use. The launch of new models of tractors brings to the domestic market the latest technologies to the job of the operator of tractor. The introduction of new technologies in agriculture has been advancing steadily in many areas but specifically in the workplace of the operator of an agricultural tractor, these innovations do not go the same speed when using such techniques do not present to evaluate accurately the RTB tractor operator, making it also the researcher to acquire updated equipment for the collection of ergonomic data, especially for three-dimensional coordinates. This study aimed to develop a device that can collect three-dimensional coordinates of the controls of the job of the tractor operator by automating the data is entered directly into the computer and with higher accuracy of measurements obtained by eliminating human error in reading and typing. The proposed equipment consists of a system of horizontal angle, vertical, and a laser beam to direct measurements, and the data collected by a converter module of the angle, and a collection system for wireless laser beam. In order to collect the data, we developed a computer program called Ergocoord in the Delphi programming language. For the data collected were used tractors with new average power of 74 kW in order not to change the variables of the research. In the valuation of the proposed equipment used two methodological processes, the traditional method of measurement proposed by the NBR / NM / ISO 5353 - Road rollers, tractors and agricultural and forestry machinery - Point of reference of the seat, and adapted it standard... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

abstract: INTRODUCTION: Exercise performed at moderate to vigorous intensities has been shown to generate a post exercise hypotensive response. Whether this response is observed with very low exercise intensities is unclear. PURPOSE: To compare post physical activity ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) response to a single worksite walking day and a normal sedentary work day in pre-hypertensive adults. METHODS: Participants were 7 pre-hypertensive (127 + 8 mmHg / 83 + 8 mmHg) adults (3 male, 4 female, age = 42 + 12 yr) who participated in a randomized, cross-over study that included a control and a walking treatment. Only those who indicated regularly sitting at least 8 hours/day and no structured physical activity were enrolled. Treatment days were randomly assigned and were performed one week apart. Walking treatment consisted of periodically increasing walk time up to 2.5 hours over the course of an 8 hour work day on a walking workstation (Steelcase Company, Grand Rapids, MI). Walk speed was set at 1 mph. Participants wore an ambulatory blood pressure cuff (Oscar 2, SunTech Medical, Morrisville, NC) for 24-hours on both treatment days. Participants maintained normal daily activities on the control day. ABP data collected from 9:00 am until 10:00 pm of the same day were included in statistical analyses. Linear mixed models were used to detect differences in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by treatment condition over the whole day and post workday for the time periods between 4 -10 pm when participants were no longer at work. RESULTS:BP was significantly lower in response to the walking treatment compared to the control day (Mean SBP 126 +7 mmHg vs.124 +7 mmHg, p=.043; DBP 80 + 3 mmHg vs. 77 + 3 mmHg, p = 0.001 respectively). Post workday (4:00 to 10:00 pm) SBP decreased 3 mmHg (p=.017) and DBP decreased 4 mmHg (p<.001) following walking. CONCLUSION: Even low intensity exercise such as walking on a walking workstation is effective for significantly reducing acute BP when compared to a normal work day. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Exercise and Wellness 2013

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T17:47:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO_FRANCISCA MIRANDA DE ARAUJO.pdf: 2682041 bytes, checksum: 067d9adccb7aeaabfa7715e9afb036d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-26 / Ergonomics is a science that relates to the medical field, in order to humanize the work and improve their results, searching for that comfort and safety in the workplace, reducing the risks of accidents and illnesses relating to the function, thus increasing productivity. The surgeon is exposed to ergonomic constraints (physical, mental and emotional) that may affect your health, from aspects related to physical posture while working, to psychological problems, the management conditions in the operating room environments. This study sought to focus on the technical, environmental and organizational aspects of the surgeon's job as well as some factors in their condition in two public hospitals in São Luís / MA. The objective was to evaluate the working conditions for elective surgeries, propose measures to benefit the activity, and contribute to improving working conditions for these professionals. The survey results show dissatisfaction of professionals regarding ace physical / environmental and managerial issues involved directly in their working conditions. Also realize dissatisfaction with the presence of risk for discomfort / pain in all body segments surveyed. / A ergonomia é uma ciência que se relaciona com a área médica, visando humanizar o trabalho e melhorar seus resultados, buscando para isso o conforto e a segurança no posto de trabalho, diminuindo os riscos de acidentes e doenças relativas à função, consequentemente aumentando a produtividade. O médico cirurgião está exposto a constrangimentos ergonômicos (físicos, mentais e emocionais) que podem influir na sua saúde, desde aspectos relacionados à postura física durante o trabalho, até problemas psicológicos advindos das condições gerenciais nos ambientes dos centros cirúrgicos. Este estudo buscou focalizar os aspectos técnicos, ambientais e organizacionais do posto de trabalho do médico cirurgião assim como alguns fatores da sua condição física em dois hospitais da rede pública em São Luís/MA. O objetivo foi avaliar as condições de trabalho durante cirurgias eletivas, propor medidas para beneficiar a atividade, e contribuir para melhoria das condições de trabalho dos referidos profissionais. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram insatisfação dos profissionais em relação ás questões físico /ambientais e gerenciais envolvidas diretamente em suas condições de trabalho. Percebem também com insatisfação a presença de risco para desconforto/dor em todos os segmentos corporais pesquisados.

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Arbetet syftar till att undersöka förutsättningarna för att skapa en virtualiserad utvecklingsmiljö för Windows som installeras och konfigureras utan manuell övervakning. Utvecklare på Sandvik Systems Development (SSD) arbetar ofta med olika utvecklingsverktyg eller använder sig av olika versioner av utvecklingsmiljöer och detta är ett problem. Det är också vanligt att utvecklarna blandar sina kontorsapplikationer med utvecklingsmiljön vilket kan vara en stor säkerhetsrisk. Ett annat stort problem är att tiden kan vara väldigt lång för inhyrda konsulter och nyanställda att få sina utvecklingsmiljöer installerade, vilket resulterar i stora kostnader för SSD. En möjlig lösning till problemen är att använda virtuella maskiner som utvecklingsmiljöer. Arbetet undersöker om det är möjligt att m.h.a. en applikation skapa, installera och konfigurera virtuella maskiner och utvecklingsmiljöer automatiskt. Målmiljön för de virtuella maskinerna är programvarorna WMware Workstation och Virtual PC. Arbetet förklarar även hur virtuella maskiner kan vara till hjälp vid mjukvaruutveckling. Detta arbete visar att det är möjligt att skapa en virtualiserad utvecklingsmiljö som med vissa restriktioner installeras och konfigureras automatiskt.

This thesis is the final component of the Master of Science degree within Industrial design engineering at Luleå University of Technology. The purpose of the project was to analyze an issue and developing a conceptual solution based on scientific knowledge within the field. The project was carried out at SmålandsVillan's production facility in Sundsvall which produces module bungalows and condominiums. The objective of the project was to define and analyze why the company struggled with sick leaves among the operators and the aim was to develop a solution to ease the strained work situation. When the project was initiated in January, the given issues were that two workstations, floor and middle joist system, had high sick leave due to physically demanding work and that they had been struggling with backlogs in the previous fall. The mapping of the current state started with a wide scanning of empirical data of sick leaves but also incidents and accidents for all teams at the facility. The data showed that the two workstations had higher sick leave than most of the other teams, thus the project carried out a more thorough mapping on these workstations. The focused mapping was carried out in two steps: First by observing ergonomic postures and analyzing with a modified version of the Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System (OWAS), and secondly by interviewing the operators to map their mental work situation. When the mappings were put together and analyzed, it was clear that the cause of the issues at floor joist system was a conflict between the operators and managers rather than physically demanding work. The facility had expanded its production in the fall and in that process, floor joist system lost stock areas, fell behind in the production pace, and got in a conflict with the managers. Because of the layout issues, the project focus was widened to map the current layout as well. At middle joist system, the found issues were static kneeling postures and carrying heavy loads. The ideation phase of the project was carried out in two parallel paths: One to develop a new layout at floor joist system, and the other to develop ergonomic equipment for middle joist system. The operators were highly involved in the process to define what issues to solve and find suitable solutions. A total of five concepts were obtained, two ergonomic solutions and three layouts. By a joint specification of requirements, one of the layout concepts was chosen for further development. The final development of the concept contained detailed solutions at several areas related to the workstation. In the current layout, the operators were forced to walk in the forklift aisles to get materials. This issue was not eliminated but reduced in the final concept development: By placing heavy materials closer to the worktables, the operators did not have to carry loads as far, thus the risk of musculoskeletal disorders was decreased. The accident risk when operators walk in the forklift aisles was also reduced because both distances and number of walks were decreased. In addition to the layout, ergonomic equipment of a pushcart and height adjustable table were also evaluated to further ease the strain on the bodies when handling heavy loads. Due to lack of time, it was not possible to calculate the optimal stock sizes. Therefore, the recommendation to SmålandsVillan is to first calculate material needs and thereafter implement the detailed areas one by one, and finally implement ergonomic equipment. / Denna rapport är det sista momentet i utbildningen Civilingenjör inom Teknisk Design med inriktning mot produktionsdesign vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet. Avsikten med projektet var att analysera ett problem och ta fram en konceptuell lösning baserat på vetenskap inom ämnet. Projektet genomfördes vid SmålandsVillans produktionsenhet i Sundsvall, vilka producerar modulhus och bostadsrätter. Syftet med projektet var att hitta och analysera orsakerna till varför företaget hade problem med sjukfrånvaro bland operatörerna och målet med projektet var att ta fram en lösning för att underlätta arbetssituationen. När projektet startade i januari var given fakta att vid två arbetsstationer, golv- och mellanbjälk, var sjukfrånvaro vanligt förekommande, arbetet var fysiskt krävande och under hösten hade det varit problem med släpande produktion. Kartläggningen av den nuvarande situationen började med en bred scanning där empiriska data över sjukfrånvaro, tillbud och olyckor jämfördes mellan alla arbetslag på fabriken. Sammanställningen visade att det var högre sjukfrånvaro vid de två arbetsstationerna än vid de flesta andra stationerna och därför fokuserades den detaljerade nulägesanalysen på dessa två. Den djupgående nulägesanalysen genomfördes i två steg: Först observerades belastningsergonomi genom en modifierad version av Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System (OWAS) och därefter intervjuades operatörerna för att kartlägga den mentala arbetssituationen. När den fysiska och mentala kartläggningen sammanställdes visade det sig att orsaken bakom problemen vid golvbjälk snarare var en konflikt mellan arbetslaget och cheferna under hösten än det fysiska arbetet. Fabriken hade expanderat produktionen under hösten och därmed förlorade golvbälk lagerytor, kom efter i produktionstakten och hamnade i en konflikt med cheferna. På grund av layoutproblemen breddades projektets fokus för att kartlägga den nuvarande layouten. Vid mellanbjälk var problemen att många moment tvingade operatörerna att stå på knä och att bära tunga laster. Idégenereringsfasen genomfördes i två parallella spår: Den ena för att ta fram layoutkoncept för golvbjälk och den andra för ergonomiska hjälpmedel för mellanbjälk. Operatörerna var engagerade i processen för att hitta vilka problem som fanns och vilka lösningar som skulle passa. Totalt togs fem koncept fram, två ergonomiska hjälpmedel och tre layouter. Genom en gemensam kravspecifikation valdes en av layouterna för vidare utveckling. Den fortsatta utvecklingen av konceptet innefattade detaljerade lösningar för flera områden som var relevanta för arbetsstationen. I den nuvarande layouten var operatörerna tvungna att gå i truckgångarna för att hämta material. Detta problem eliminerades inte men minskades i det slutgiltiga konceptet. Genom att placera tunga material nära arbetsborden behövde inte operatörerna bära lasterna lika långt och därmed minskade riskerna för belastningsskador. Olycksrisken när operatörer går i truckgångarna minskades också eftersom både sträcka och antalet vändor de gick i gångarna minskade. Layoutförändringen kompletterades med ergonomiska hjälpmedel, i form av en magasinskärra och ett höj- och sänkbart bord för att ytterligare minska den fysiska belastningen. På grund av tidsbrist var det inte möjligt att optimera hur mycket material som behövdes vid stationen. Därför är rekommendationen till SmålandsVillan att först beräkna materialbehov och därefter implementera de detaljerade områdena ett i taget och slutligen de ergonomiska hjälpmedlen.

This diploma thesis deals with the implementation of ICT projects according to the third release of internationally respected IT infrastructure library (ITIL v3). To be specific, it is about two projects executed by the Renault company -- ToIP which deals with the voice transmission using the data network and S.P.T. concerning workstations' standardization. The objective of this thesis is to describe the implementation process of both projects into the business life and to evaluate the processes and outcomes based on the ITIL v3 recommendations. This goal will be delivered by studying available theoretical materials, authors personal work experience from the position of IT support in Renault and by confrontation praxis with theoretical knowledge. The main benefits of this work are the evaluation of the implementation process correctness according to the ITIL best practices, eventual deficiencies revealing and possible improvement propositions. This work is divided into theoretical and practical part. First, theoretical part is then divided into two captures -- the opening section describes the ITIL v3 best practices with the main focus on Service Transition and Service Operation. Second section is dedicated to the VoIP (voice over internet protocol) technology, part of which is also theoretical knowledge of voice transformation into the digital form, components of VoIP network and the most frequently used architectures. Second, practical part focuses on the projects` implementation. In conclusion the implementation process will be confronted with the ITIL v3 and based on detected failures possible improvements will be proposed.

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This diploma thesis deals with the problem of designing an automatic robotic workstation for automatic tightening screws connections seatback – seat and belt buckle. The research part of this thesis deals with current trends in the automotive industry, especially with the problem of assembling seats part, with focus on screwing. The design part of this thesis maps the process of designing two variants of an automatic robotic workstation. Special attention was given to the process of choosing the right industrial robot for the task, as well as to the construction of the end-effector and of the resulting 3D data. The right version of the workstation for the consecutive implementation was then chosen based on multi-criteria evaluation. The finishing touch of this thesis is a risk analysis for the implemented workstation.