Electro-acoustic music composition makes it possible for composers to manipulate sounds with the computer with either alone or both live and prerecorded sounds. From the end of the 19th century when the first electronic devices for performing music were developed up till today, transformations in music technology keep surfacing and the possibilities with working with sounds have become endless. Electro-acoustic music has the ability to conjure mental images using vast sound manipulation techniques using the DAW(Digital audio workstation) and sound amplification through loudspeakers. Every space in our environment has its unique sound/s. Lost and found through these techniques provides an insight to a space which seems distant by geographical location but closer through sound.

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Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) remain the focus of research efforts as costs associated with these disorders range from 13 to 54 billion dollars annually. WMSDs associated with the back and neck compromise almost 27% of all reported WMSDs. Approximately 1/3 of visual display terminal (VDT) operators report back and neck pain annually (BLS, 1998). Physical risk factors of VDTs associated with low back and neck WMSDs include static work postures and workstation design. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of monitor height, chair type and their interaction on task performance, back/neck electromyography (EMG), perceived discomfort, and number of posture shifts. Both monitor height and chair type were assessed using two levels (high and low). Participants, four male and four female college age students, performed two data entry tasks using a standard keyboard and monitor and a fully adjustable bi-level table. In addition to the experimenter defined workstation configurations, participants were allowed to adjust their workstation to their preferred settings. Analysis of variance was performed to assess differences in task performance, perceived level of discomfort, number of posture shifts, and EMG data associated with various combinations of monitor height and chair type. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between participant's perceived discomfort and measured muscle activity to help determine if these two measurements could be used interchangeably to assess workstation design. No effect of workstation configuration (monitor height/chair type) was found for the majority of dependent variables. An exception was that configuration of low monitor, high chair, and their interaction generated significantly more muscle activity for the low back. User preferred settings were not found to differ significantly from those investigated with respect to muscle activity, perceived discomfort, posture shifts, and performance. Additionally, it was found the participants chose to position the iii workstation according to guidelines suggested in the literature for reducing WMSD discomfort. Task effects were found for performance, posture shifts, and perceived level of discomfort. Higher levels of performance and posture shifts for the neck were associated with the typing task, as opposed to the math task. Higher levels of neck discomfort, posture shifts of the feet and posture shifts of the back were associated with the math task. Correlation analysis provided evidence that perceived discomfort reported by participants and muscle activity for job tasks may not be related. Observed muscle activity for the tasks investigated in this study was low and in some instances, close to resting activity. Due to low levels of EMG, participants may not have been cognizant of their back and neck muscle activity, offering an explanation for why participants experience a cumulative effect of workstation design and seated postures, but linking particular causal factors to the development of LBP and NP is difficult. The findings of this study suggest that there are no gross physical differences between the chair types or monitor heights as defined in this study. Other factors (such as user preferences, job task demands, specific chair parameters, etc.) may significantly effect chair selection. This study found that task was a significant effect for the majority of dependent variables, and therefore may need to be a major factor driving workstation design. Workstation configuration will help determine the type of static posture assumed at a workstation, but the "discomfort or number of posture shifts" associated with that workstation and posture might be more a result of the job task requirements. / Master of Science

電腦產業在1990年代發生了極大的變化。最主要的原因來自於科技的突飛猛進，知識工作者的覺醒，組織結構的演變以及全球經濟的不景氣。這些驅使力使電腦產業在個人電腦之外，又出現了電腦工作站的新區隔。而且特別由於組織內工作小組的出現，使得兼有大型主機與個人電腦優點的工作站配合主從架構與開放系統，成為市場的新寵兒，而且後勢看好。在電腦市場中一些新興的廠商像Sun, Hp 或晶片領導供應商Intel與軟體的領導廠商Microsoft都想包舉宇內，囊括四海。而傳統電腦市場中的IBM 與個人電腦的領導廠商Apple 也不甘勢弱，紛紛打起策略聯盟的組織戰來。 於是以HP為軸心的PRO 聯合組織，由Sun領導以銷售為導向的Sparc聯盟，以Intel與Micr- osoft等為主的ACE多頭馬車聯合組織，以及結合IBM,Apple與晶片供應商Motorola 的三角互補性聯盟乃先後形成並且各擁重兵。「策略聯盟」既是現代高科技廠商自保與進占市場的神兵利器，加以研究「策略聯盟」理論的大師們所作各種專精的研究與立論也在管理界引起重大的研究與迴響，因此本論文旨在分析比較各種策略聯盟理論的同時，兼能探討根據不同的策略聯盟理論的立論，究竟聯盟是否易於成功。最後，並以面訪或電話採訪方式收集國內參加策略聯盟廠商經理人的經驗與資料，再配合所作的四大聯盟的分析提出對我國電腦廠商參與日後策略聯盟的建議。

Esta pesquisa investiga a estação de trabalho informatizada incorporada ao ambiente residencial. A tecnologia dos equipamentos de informática substituiu a importância dada à escrivaninha. O espaço de trabalho da antiga escrivaninha, que atendia à administração da casa, passou a competir com o espaço de trabalho do computador, somando a este, periféricos e materiais de escritório necessários à escrita, leitura e manuseio de materiais. Com as facilidades de crédito e acesso aos meios de comunicação e informação, disseminou-se o uso do computador. Por meio de pesquisa de mercado identificaram-se três segmentos distintos para a aquisição das estações de trabalho que acomodam o computador em residências: móveis para ambiente corporativo, com sistemas integrados para suprir as necessidades de trabalho; móveis compactos direcionados a residências que não oferecem complementos para ampliação da área de trabalho; e móveis sob medida como opção para home offices, e estações de trabalho integradas a dormitórios. Foi realizada uma pesquisa em mídia impressa e virtual para conhecer condições de oferta e aquisição deste móvel. Considerando a ausência de estações de trabalho informatizadas residenciais no mercado, pesquisaram-se instalações residenciais por meio de fotos de uma amostra de usuários que utilizam o computador em casa para comunicação, estudo, leitura, pesquisa, transações bancárias, administração da casa, compras, etc. O conjunto de dados congregados na pesquisa propiciou a formulação de um projeto-conceito, no qual são indicados os critérios qualitativos necessários ao design de estação de trabalho informatizada com identidade residencial. / This study investigates the computerized workstation incorporated to the residential place. The technology of equipment of informatics replaced the importance given to the writing-desk. The place taken by the old writing desk -- which attended the house administration -- started to compete with the computer work place besides its peripheral pieces and office materials needed for writing, reading as well as its handling. The computer use has spread due to the easy credit and access to the communication and information means. Through a marketing survey, three l different segments were identified for acquisition of the workstations that lodge the computer in residences: furniture for corporative place with integrated systems to supply the work needs; compact furniture\'s for residences that do not have rooms to enlarging the work area; furniture under measure as an option for home offices and workstations integrated to bedrooms. A survey was done on the printed and virtual media to know the offering and acquisition conditions of this furniture. Considering the lack, in the market, of computerized residential workstations, surveys about residential installations were made through photos of a sample of users that use computers at home for communication, study, reading, research, bank transactions, house administration, shopping, etc. The data set, assembled in the survey, provided the formulation of design-concept that indicates the qualitative criteria needed to the design of computerized workstation with residential characteristics.

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