The objective of this work was the development of structured zeolite catalysts by growing of ZSM-5 and Y zeolites layers on the pre-treated FeCrAlloy wires, which could now offer technical advantage in catalytic application. The advantages of implementation of zeolitic coatings in industrial applications are that they have; lower pressure drop, high heat and mass transfer rates compared to standard pelleted or extruded catalysts. The key focus of this research was the generation of thin films of zeolite ZSM–5 and Y zeolite catalysts on the surface of a FeCrAlloy metal substrate. Using in-situ hydrothermal synthesis, the influence of the synthesis parameters such as substrate oxidation and crystallisation time on the zeolite crystallisation process in both the bulk phase (powder) and on the structured zeolite was studied and optimised. Then powder and structured Na-ZSM-5 and Na-Y were treated by calcination and ion exchange in post-synthesis treatment. Further post-synthesis modification was required in the zeolite Y case to improve the catalytic properties. The post synthetic modification of zeolite Y was carried out using acidified ammonium nitrate which was optimised to produce dealuminated zeolite Y with good crystallinity and a Si/Al = 8. Characterisation was performed after each stage of this work to optimise catalyst development using XRD, SEM, EDAX, BET, MAS-NMR, and TGA. Once the optimised zeolite Y and ZSM-5 structured catalysts prepared, cracking of n-heptane was carried out to assess the in catalytic performance compared with Y and ZSM-5 pellets in a fixed-bed reactor under the same operation conditions. The cracking of n–heptane over the pellets and structured catalysts for both ZSM–5 and Y zeolite showed very similar product selectivities for similar amounts of catalyst with apparent activation energy of around 60 kJ mol-1. This research demonstrates that structured catalysts can be manufactured with excellent zeolite adherence and when suitably activated/modified give comparable cracking results to the pelleted powder forms. These structured catalysts will improve temperature distribution in highly exothermic and endothermic catalysed processes.

This study investigated the cracking chemistry as model lipids were reacted over a benchmark catalyst, H-ZSM-5, and two industrially used catalysts, faujasite and silica-alumina. Initial work began with a homogeneous system in which oleic acid, an unsaturated free fatty acid, and triflic acid, a Bronsted superacid, were reacted at low temperatures. Results indicated that protonation began at the double bond with cracking occurring in the direction away from the carboxylic end and producing a multiplicity of branched saturated fatty acids. Heterogeneous cracking on H-ZSM-5 at 400°C indicated that acylglycerides initially crack due to protonation occurring on the outside surface of the catalyst. Secondary cracking formed olefins (C2 – C4) which then oligomerize to form aromatic hydrocarbons that were within the range of components for gasoline. Catalysis using faujasite and silica-alumina indicated that acylglycerides require milder cracking conditions than typical crude petroleum, indicating that lower temperatures and lower catalyst to feed ratios will be required to achieve the same reactant conversions as seen in petroleum refineries.

No description available.

A reação de transformação de MeOH em olefinas leves foi investigada sobre zeólitas HZSM-5 com razões SiO2/Al2O3 (SAR) iguais a 30, 80 e 280. As propriedades ácidas e texturais da amostra com SAR 30 foram modificadas por impregnação com ácido fosfórico. A caracterização físico-química das amostras foi realizada empregando-se as técnicas de FRX, fisissorção de N2, DRX, DTP de NH3 e IV com adsorção de piridina. O desempenho catalítico das mesmas foi comparado tanto em condições reacionais similares (mesma T, pressão parcial de MeOH e WHSV) como em condições de isoconversão. Verificou-se, que quanto maior a SAR da zeólita, menor a densidade total e a força dos sítios ácidos presentes, sendo este efeito mais significativo para os sítios de Brönsted. O efeito do aumento da SAR favoreceu a estabilidade catalítica e a formação de olefinas leves, principalmente propeno. No caso das amostras contendo fósforo, foi observada uma redução linear na área específica BET e no volume de microporos com o aumento do teor de fósforo. Estes resultados, aliados aos obtidos por DRX, sugerem que a redução mais significativa na área específica e no volume de microporos pode ser associada à redução na cristalinidade e à formação de espécies amorfas contendo fósforo, que bloqueariam a estrutura porosa da zeólita. Não se observou alteração significativa na força dos sítios fracos, enquanto a força dos sítios fortes diminuiu significativamente. As amostras apresentando menor SAR e menor teor de fósforo foram mais ativas. Por outro lado, em condições de isoconversão de 916%, a amostra mais seletiva à formação de olefinas foi aquela com maior SAR. Dentre as amostras impregnadas, aquela contendo 4% de fósforo foi a mais seletiva a propeno, enquanto a que continha 6% foi mais seletiva a eteno. A amostra com SAR igual a 280 foi investigada variando-se a temperatura de reação (400, 500 e 540C) e a pressão parcial de metanol (0,038; 0,083 e 0,123 atm), através de um planejamento experimental do tipo Box-Benhnken (32). O rendimento otimizado em olefinas leves foi alcançado a 480C e 0,08 atm. O modelo proposto descreveu bem os dados experimentais e evidenciou a existência de uma faixa ótima de temperatura para maximização do rendimento em propeno e eteno, o qual foi também afetado pela pressão parcial de MeOH na faixa estudada. Palavras-chave: ZSM-5, olefinas, propeno, eteno, processo MTO, fósforo. / The MeOH transformation into light olefins was investigated over HZSM-5 zeolites with SiO2/Al2O3 (SAR) = 30, 80 and 280. The acidic and textural properties of the SAR 30 were modified by impregnation with orthophosphoric acid. Textural characterization and physiochemical like FRX, fisisorption of N2, DRX, DTP of NH3 and IR with pyridine adsorption were used. The catalytic performance of the samples evaluated and compared at both isoconversion and iso-operacional. It was verified, that the increase in SAR of the zeolite reduced acid site density and strenght of the acid sites, particularly for the Brönsted acid sites, favoring the catalytic stability and the formation of light olefins, mainly propene. The characterizations indicated a linearr reduction in the specific BET surface area and in the microporous volume with the increase of the phosphorous incorporation. These results, together with over obtained by DRX, suggest that the most significant reduction in the specific area and in the microporos volume can be associated to the reduction in the cristalinity as well as to the formation of amorphous species containing phosphorous, that would block the zeolite porous structure . No significant alteration was observed in the strenght of the weak sites, although the strong acid sites strenght significantly decreased. The low SAR and slow phosphorous incorporation ware more active. On the other hand, at isoconversion conditions (916), the most selective samples to olefins formation were those with high SAR. Among the impregnated samples, the one containing 4% of phosphorous was more selective to olefins. The sample with SAR equal to 280 was investigated under different reaction temperature (400, 500 and 540C) and methanol partial pressure (0,038; 0,083 and 0,123 atm), following Box-Benhnken (32) experimental planning type. The optimized light olefins yield was reached at 480C and 0,08 atm. The proposed model described well the experimental data and evidenced the existence of a range of temperature for maximization of the propene and ethene, which was also affected by the partial pressure of methanol in the studied range.

Die Nutzung von Kraftstoffen auf der Basis von Biodiesel erlaubt es, konventionelle, etablierte Antriebstechniken mit Nachhaltigkeit zu kombinieren. Daher kann in den nächsten Jahren mit einer weiteren weltweiten Steigerung der Biodieselproduktion gerechnet werden. Damit verbunden ist jedoch auch ein Anstieg der anfallenden Menge an Glycerol, das bei der Herstellung von Biodiesel als Koppelprodukt entsteht. Da traditionelle Märkte für Glycerol kaum mehr Wachstum zeigen, müssen neue Wege zur effizienten Verwertung von Glycerol gefunden werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der heterogen-katalysierten Umsetzung von Glycerol zu Acrolein. Unter Verwendung von ZSM-5-Katalysatorproben mit unterschiedlichem Si/Al-Verhältnis und phosphorsäure-modifizierten Katalysatorproben konnte die Existenz von Synergieeffekten zwischen den texturellen, strukturellen und aciden Eigenschaften in der heterogen-katalysierten Glyceroldehydratisierung zu Gunsten der Acroleinselektivität eindeutig nachgewiesen werden. Eine selektive Umsetzung von Glycerol zu Acrolein wird daher an solchen Katalysatorproben ermöglicht, die ausgewogene texturelle, strukturelle und acide Eigenschaften aufweisen.

Mélanger un oxyde de gallium avec une zéolithe H-ZSM-5 donne les mêmes résultats catalytiques en craquage du n-hexane, déshydrogénation du cyclohexane et en aromatisation du propane qu'un catalyseur préparer par échange cationique avec un sel de gallium. En fait, le véritable catalyseur est synthétisé lors du prétraitement sous hydrogène pendant lequel le suboxyde de gallium (Ga2O) issu de la réduction de Ga2O3 réagit avec les sites de Brønsted de la zéolithe pour donner des hydrures de gallium. La réaction de déshydrogénation des alcanes fait intervenir un site catalytique bifonctionnel composé d'un site de Lewis du Ga et d'un site basique généré par l'oxygène de la charpente zéolithique. L'activation du propane se produit sur un hydrure de gallium via un mécanisme de type alkyle. Les aluminosilicates dopés avec Ga sont plus performants que les gallosilicates, ce qui signifie que les espèces de gallium sont plus actives en extra-réseau que dans le réseau de la zéolithe.Le coke généré lors de l'aromatisation du propane est très polyaromatique avec plus de quinze noyaux benzéniques, localisé dans les micropores il s'avère très toxique. La création de mésopores intracristallins sans modifier les propriétés acides de la zéolithe (nombre et force des sites acides) est possible par un traitement alcalin. Leur présence permet de limiter les réactions de transfert d'hydrogène mais est peu efficace pour contrôler la croissance du coke, les mésopores sont mêmes négatifs pour la réaction de déshydrogénation rendant les catalyseurs bifonctionnels hiérarchisés inefficaces en aromatisation du propane ; l'étape cinétiquement limitante pour cette réaction étant la déshydrogénation. / The mixing Ga2O3 with the H-ZSM-5 zeolite yields to the same catalytic performance in n-hexane cracking, cyclohexane dehydrogenation and propane aromatization than a bifunctional catalyst prepared by cationic exchange. The real catalyst appears upon hydrogen pretreatment in which gallium (Ga2O) suboxide that results from Ga2O3 reduction, reacts with the zeolite Brønsted sites to yield to gallium hydrides.The dehydrogenation reaction of alkanes involves a bifunctional catalytic site constituted of a Lewis site (Ga species) and basic site (an oxygen of the zeolite framework). The aluminosilicate catalysts loaded with Ga are more efficient than the gallosilicate catalysts, therefore extraframework gallium species is more active than the framework gallium species.The coke formed during the propane aromatization is very polyaromatic with more than fifteen benzenic rings, is very toxic. The creation of intracrystalline mesopores by alkaline treatment.preserves the acidic properties of the zeolite (number and strength of acidic sites). The mesopores allow limiting the hydrogen transfer reactions but is not very effective for impeding the growth of the coke, the presence of mesopores are even negative for the dehydrogenation reaction making inefficient the hierarchical bifunctional catalysts in propane aromatization; the kinetically limiting step for this reaction being dehydrogenation.

La dégradation catalytique du PMMA a été réalisée avec succès à des températures inférieures à 300°C. L’utilisation de zéolithe comme catalyseur a permis de réduire la température de réaction par rapport aux procédés classiques de dégradation thermique. On a montré que la distribution des produits de réaction obtenus en réacteur discontinu dépend des propriétés acides du catalyseur, tandis que la composition de la fraction liquide est directement liée à la sélectivité de forme du catalyseur. Un procédé continu à lit fixe a été développé qui a permis d’obtenir le monomère MMA comme produit principal. L’augmentation de la température de réaction de 200 à 270°C a montré un effet positif sur le rendement en produit liquide. Cependant, des températures de réaction supérieures ont favorisé le craquage du monomère en produits gazeux. Une désactivation significative de la zéolithe ZSM-5 a été observée après 120 heures d’opération, entraînant une diminution du rendement en produit liquide. La régénération des extrudés de ZSM-5 cokés a pu être réalisée par ozonation à basse température - inférieure à 150°C. On a étudié les effets de la température, du débit de gaz et de la concentration en ozone sur l’élimination de carbone. Le décokage par l’ozone a débuté dès 50°C et montré un optimum à 100°C (avec une conversion de 80%). Des températures plus élevées ne se sont pas avérées bénéfiques, en raison de la forte limitation de la diffusion interne de l’ozone qui confine en surface la production de radicaux et donc le processus de régénération. Dans les conditions optimales, l’ozonation a presque complètement restauré l’activité de la zéolithe sans en endommager la texture et les sites actifs, comme le montrent les résultats de craquage du PMMA obtenus avec le catalyseur ainsi régénéré. / Catalytic degradation of PMMA was successfully performed at temperatures below 300°C. The use of zeolite catalyst could reduce reaction temperature in comparison with an ordinary thermal degradation process. It was found that the product distribution obtained from batch experiment depends on zeolite acid properties whereas the composition of the liquid fraction is directly related to the shape selectivity of the catalyst. A continuous fixed bed process was designed that allowed to obtain MMA monomer as main product. The increase of reaction temperature from 200 to 270°C showed a positive effect on the liquid product yield. However, at higher temperatures, the light product was further cracked into gaseous products. Significant deactivation of ZSM-5 catalyst was observed after 120 hours of operation, resulting in a decrease in liquid product yield. Regeneration of the coked ZSM-5 extrudates was achieved by oxidation with ozone at low temperatures, below 150°C. The effects of temperature, GHSV and inlet concentration of ozone on carbon removal efficiency were studied. Carbon removal with ozone started at 50°C and reached a maximum of 80% at 100°C. Higher temperatures were not beneficial due to the strong limitation of ozone diffusion which confines radical production then the regeneration process to the outer surface. In optimal conditions, ozonation almost fully restored the zeolite activity without damaging the texture and active sites of zeolite, as shown from the results of regenerated catalyst in PMMA cracking

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The petrochemical industry is currently strongly based on the production of light olefins ethylene and propylene, which are mainly produced by hydrocarbons from oil. Due to the environmental appeal and unstable oil market scenario, alternative routes to the production of these olefins are being developed, meanly regarding the use of alcohol as raw material. In this context, ethanol is highlighted with Ethanol to Olefins Process (ETO), in which there is catalytic conversion via reactions of dehydration, oligomerization, cracking, isomerization, among others. This work aims to obtain ethylene and propylene from ethanol using ZSM-5 zeolite as catalyst in its acid form. The synthesis of this material was performed using non-conventional sources of silicon and aluminum, kaolin and silica extracted from rice husk ash, and in the absence of nitrogenous templates. The use of seeds was employed together with ethanol, which acts as cotemplate of the zeolitic structure, in different quantities, and in different silica/alumina ratios and crystallisation times. The influence of each of these variables was evaluated with the support of a full factorial experimental design on the final characteristics of the synthesized samples, such as relative crystallinity, chemical composition and textural properties. All samples presented the characteristic crystal structure of ZSM-5 as verified by both X-ray diffractograms and infrared spectra. However, samples with small amounts of seed and ethanol added to short periods of crystallization presented lower crystallinities and specific areas in comparison to other samples. On the other hand, the use of high quantities of seed can lead to the formation of quartz when the crystallization time is extended. With the catalytic tests of ethanol conversion into olefins it was possible to evaluate the influence of synthesis variables, the residence time and the concentration of ethanol in feed, proving the importance of all synthesis variables in the distribution of the reaction products The total conversion of ethanol was observed in all tests made, evidencing the high activity of hZSM-5 in the dehydration of ethanol to ethylene, being the propylene yield strongly influenced by the reaction temperature and characteristics of the catalitic material, with a maximum yield of 27% at 500 °C. The HZSM-5 presented high stability under reaction conditions while maintaining the production of ethylene for more than 40 hours of reaction, whereas the coke formation drastically reduces the production of propylene still in the early hours of reaction. / A indústria petroquímica atualmente está fortemente baseada na produção das olefinas leves eteno e propeno, que são principalmente produzidas através de hidrocarbonetos oriundos do petróleo. Em virtude do apelo ambiental e do instável cenário do mercado de petróleo, rotas alternativas para a produção destas olefinas estão sendo desenvolvidas, principalmente no que tange a utilização de álcoois como matéria-prima. Neste contexto, o etanol ganha destaque com o processo Ethanol to Olefins (ETO), no qual se tem conversão catalítica via reações de desidratação, oligomerização, craqueamento, isomerização, entre outras. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo a obtenção de eteno e propeno através de etanol empregando como catalisador a zeólita do tipo ZSM-5 na forma ácida. A síntese deste material foi realizada utilizando fontes não convencionais de silício e alumínio, o caulim e a sílica extraída da cinza da casca de arroz, e na ausência de direcionadores de estrutura nitrogenados. O emprego de sementes foi adotado juntamente com etanol, que atua como codirecionador da estrutura zeolítica, em diferentes quantidades, assim como em diferentes razões sílica/alumina e tempos de cristalização. A influência de cada uma destas variáveis foi avaliada com o auxílio do planejamento experimental fatorial completo nas características finais das amostras sintetizadas, como cristalinidade relativa, composição química e propriedades texturais. Todas as amostras obtidas apresentaram estrutura cristalina característica da ZSM-5, comprovada tanto nos difratogramas de Raios-X como nos espectros de absorção na região do Infravermelho. Entretanto, as amostras com pequenas quantidades de sementes e de etanol somadas a curtos períodos de cristalização apresentaram cristalinidades e áreas específicas reduzidas em relação às demais amostras. Em contrapartida, o emprego de elevadas quantidades de sementes pode levar a formação de quartzo quando o tempo de cristalização é prolongado. Com os testes catalíticos de conversão de etanol em olefinas foi possível avaliar a influência das variáveis de síntese, do tempo de residência e a concentração de etanol na alimentação, comprovando a importância de todas as variáveis de síntese na distribuição dos produtos da reação. A conversão total de etanol foi observada em todos os testes realizados, evidenciando a elevada atividade da HZSM-5 na desidratação de etanol a eteno, sendo o rendimento a propeno fortemente influenciado pela temperatura de reação e características do material catalítico, com máximo rendimento igual a 27% na temperatura de 500°C. A HZSM-5 apresentou elevada estabilidade nas condições de reação, mantendo a produção de eteno por mais de 40 horas de reação, enquanto que a formação de coque reduz drasticamente a produção de propeno ainda nas primeiras horas de reação.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2016-10-21T11:11:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJRSJ.pdf: 5314232 bytes, checksum: 9352e78958e9a2f45a12e9a77f564bdd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-11-08T18:37:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJRSJ.pdf: 5314232 bytes, checksum: 9352e78958e9a2f45a12e9a77f564bdd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-11-08T18:37:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJRSJ.pdf: 5314232 bytes, checksum: 9352e78958e9a2f45a12e9a77f564bdd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-08T18:37:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJRSJ.pdf: 5314232 bytes, checksum: 9352e78958e9a2f45a12e9a77f564bdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / It was studied the catalytic performance of ZSM-12 zeolites modified by desilication in the cracking of naphthenic hydrocarbons. ZSM-12 zeolites with nominal a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio were synthesized during 96 or 144 h under hydrothermal conditions and the obtained zeolites were treated with NaOH solutions under different conditions. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 physisorption, temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and infrared spectroscopy (Py-FTIR). The treatment with NaOH solutions under mild conditions was more effective for the ZSM-12 zeolite synthesized during 96 h. For the HZ12-96-0,2 sample, obtained by treatment at 35 °C with 0.2 mol.L-1 NaOH solution during 15 min, it was verified an increase in the external surface area and the formation of mesopores in the range of 2 to 14 nm. On that zeolite occurred a higher yields to light olefins during the cracking of cyclohexane at 400 °C and also in the cracking of methyl and ethylcyclohexane at 450 °C. This result was mainly related to the higher density of acid sites exhibited by the HZ12-96-0,2 zeolite compared with the parent ZSM-12 one, as consequence of the applied alkaline treatment. It was also verified that the ZSM-12 zeolites modified by more severe alkaline treatment (0.5 or 1.0 mol.L-1 NaOH solution at 80 °C for 30 min) presented significant increase of the external surface area and mesopores volume. The catalytic cracking of cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and ethylcyclohexane at 500 °C, as well as the physicochemical characteristics of the MZ12-96-0,5 zeolite enhanced the formation of light olefins. The highest yield to light olefins was obtained on that zeolite during the cracking of ethylcyclohexane, which increased 9% when compared with the yield obtained on the not modified HZSM-12 zeolite. The selectivity to light olefins on the studied HZSM-12 zeolites was strongly influenced by presence of a side chain in the naphthenic ring (methyl or ethyl), as well as by the employed cracking operating conditions. / Estudou-se o desempenho de zeólitas ZSM-12 modificadas por dessilicalização no craqueamento de hidrocarbonetos naftênicos. Zeólitas ZSM-12 com razão SiO2/Al2O3 igual a 80 foram sintetizadas em 96 ou 144 h sob condições hidrotérmicas. As zeólitas ZSM-12 obtidas foram modificadas sob diferentes condições de tratamento alcalino com soluções de NaOH e posteriormente caracterizadas por termogravimetria, difratometria de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, fisissorção de nitrogênio, dessorção de amônia à temperatura programada, ressonância magnética nuclear do 27Al, espectroscopia de energia dispersiva de raios X e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com adsorção de piridina. O tratamento alcalino, sob condições mais brandas, foi mais efetivo para a zeólita ZSM-12 sintetizada em menor tempo de cristalização (96 h). Para a zeólita HZ12-96-0,2, obtida por tratamento com solução de NaOH 0,2 mol.L-1 a 35 °C por 15 min, verificou-se um aumento na área superficial externa e distribuição de tamanho de mesoporos entre 2 e 14 nm. Nessa zeólita, ocorreu um maior rendimento a olefinas leves no craqueamento de cicloexano a 400 °C e, também, no craqueamento de metil- e etil-cicloexano realizado a 450 °C. Esse resultado foi relacionado, principalmente, com a maior concentração de sítios ácidos na zeólita HZ12- 96-0,2, em relação à zeólita HZSM-12 precursora, como consequência do tratamento alcalino. Verificou-se, também, que as zeólitas ZSM-12 modificadas por tratamento alcalino, sob condições mais severas (solução de NaOH 0,5 ou 1,0 mol.L-1 a 80 °C por 30 min), apresentaram aumento significativo de área superficial externa e volume de mesoporos. O craqueamento de cicloexano, metil- e etil-cicloexano realizado a 500 °C, assim como as características físicas e químicas da zeólita MZ12-96-0,5, favoreceram a formação de olefinas leves. O maior rendimento a olefinas leves ocorreu durante o craqueamento do etil-cicloexano sobre essa zeólita, com aumento desse rendimento em torno de 9% quando comparado ao rendimento obtido sobre a zeólita HZSM-12 não modificada. A seletividade a olefinas leves sobre as zeólitas HZSM-12 preparadas neste estudo sofreu forte influência da presença da cadeia lateral no anel naftênico (metil ou etil), assim como também das condições operacionais de craqueamento empregadas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:55:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5665.pdf: 8947970 bytes, checksum: 3a1ee8be44b336d4926a11f4c9cc20eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-12 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The research addressed the generation of mesoporosity in the zeolite ZSM-12 (MTW). In the first part we studied the synthesis of ZSM-12 via conventional methodology and in the presence of a mesopore directing agent, organosilane [3-(Trimethoxy-silyl)propyl] octadecyldimethylammonium chloride (TPOAC). It was verified to influence the TPOAC/SiO2 and H2O/SiO2 ratios and, also the aging of the reaction mixture, temperature and time of the hydrothermal treatment. In the second part we studied the formation of mesoporosity by post-synthesis treatment with alkaline solution (NaOH). For optimization of such treatment the concentration of the NaOH solution and the temperature were varied. The zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance of 27Al, and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia. By the analyses of X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement, we verified a decrease in crystallization kinetics with increasing TPOAC/SiO2 ratio and a tendency for simultaneous crystallization of MFI and MTW phases with increasing H2O/SiO2 ratio, temperature and aging time. It was possible to obtain mesoporous ZSM-12 with high purity and crystallinity with only small quantities of TPOAC and relatively long crystallization times. For ZSM-12 zeolites treated in basic medium, there was the formation of mesopores in the range from 2.9 to 23 nm due to the silicon extraction from the crystalline framework, which caused a decrease in the volume of micropores and an increase in the total acidity, assigned to the decrease in Si/Al ratio. In the cracking of cyclohexane at 400 °C, although the presence of mesoporosity had caused a decrease in the total acidity, the zeolites synthesized with TPOAC showed similar conversions to conventional zeolite with minimal catalytic deactivation, which was attributed to the better mass transfer and less coke formation. The ZSM-12 zeolites treated with NaOH exhibited activity and stability similar to those obtained in the presence of TPOAC. By its higher proportion of strong acid sites, the conventional ZSM-12 zeolite showed higher hydrocarbon yields in the range from C2 to C4 in comparison with the mesoporous zeolites, with the latter showing a higher yield for C6 hydrocarbons. / A pesquisa abordou a geração de mesoporosidade na zeólita ZSM-12 (MTW). Numa primeira parte estudou-se a síntese da ZSM-12 via metodologia convencional (hidrotérmica) e na presença de um agente direcionador de mesoporos, o organossilano cloreto de 3-(trimetoxi-silil)propil-octadecildimetil amônio (TPOAC). Verificou-se a influência das razões TPOAC/SiO2 e H2O/SiO2 e, também, da temperatura, tempo de envelhecimento da mistura reacional e tempo de tratamento hidrotérmico. Na segunda parte estudou-se a formação de mesoporosidade por tratamento pós-síntese com solução alcalina (NaOH). Para a otimização desse tratamento, variou-se a concentração da solução de NaOH e a temperatura. As zeólitas obtidas foram caracterizadas por difratometria de raios X, análise química por espectroscopia de energia dispersiva de raios X, fisissorção de N2, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, ressonância magnética nuclear do 27Al e dessorção de amônia à temperatura programada. Pelas análises de difratometria de raios X e refinamento de Rietveld, verificou-se um decréscimo da cinética de cristalização com o aumento da razão TPOAC/SiO2 e uma tendência à cristalização simultânea das fases MTW e MFI com o aumento da razão H2O/SiO2, da temperatura e do tempo de envelhecimento. Foi possível obter ZSM-12 mesoporosa com alta pureza e cristalinidade somente com pequenas quantidades de TPOAC e tempos de cristalização relativamente longos. Para as zeólitas ZSM-12 tratadas em meio básico, houve a formação de mesoporos na faixa de 2,9 a 23 nm devido à extração de silício da rede cristalina, o que provocou uma diminuição do volume de microporos e um aumento da acidez total pela diminuição da razão Si/Al. No craqueamento de cicloexano em fase gasosa a 400 °C, as zeólitas sintetizadas com TPAOC, embora a presença de mesoporosidade tenha provocado uma diminuição na acidez total, apresentaram conversões semelhantes às da zeólita convencional com mínima desativação catalítica, o que foi atribuído à boa transferência de massa e menor formação de coque. As zeólitas ZSM-12 tratadas com NaOH exibiram atividade e estabilidade similares às obtidas na presença de TPOAC. Pela sua maior proporção de sítios ácidos fortes, a zeólita ZSM-12 convencional apresentou rendimentos maiores a hidrocarbonetos C2 a C4 do que as zeólitas contendo mesoporos, com estas últimas apresentando maior rendimento a hidrocarbonetos C6.