Resumo: Trata-se de estudo qualitativo de cunho etnográfico que objetivou compreender experiências de amamentar, a partir de mães egressas de maternidade de um município de pequeno porte do interior paulista, usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para a obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas observações participantes e entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto a nove puérperas primíparas e seus familiares de referência, ao longo dos seis primeiros meses de vida do bebê (dois casos), até a desistência da participação no estudo (um caso), interrupção total do aleitamento materno (seis casos). Após coleta e transcrição total das entrevistas e diários de campo, com base em princípios do método hermenêutico dialético, foram definidas as categorias operacionais e correlacionadas as categorias empíricas: 1 - Iniciando a amamentação: acho que não sei quase nada sobre amamentação, aprendi um pouco em cada lugar e é bom amamentar, mas tem problemas; 2 - Mantendo o aleitamento materno exclusivo: amamentar meu filho é um momento mágico, problemas surgem, mas vou me adaptando e consigo amamentar, sei que amamentar é o melhor pro meu filho e recebo ajuda com as tarefas diárias; 3 - Vivenciando o processo do desmame precoce: fui bem informada sobre amamentação, eu não queria, mas precisei desmamar e se fosse fácil amamentar, eu teria conseguido. Das expectativas iniciais a vivência dessa prática, as primíparas revelaram sentimentos, percepções e atitudes por vezes convergentes, em outras divergentes. Foi possível relacionar o desfecho mais prolongado do aleitamento materno exclusivo às lactantes que se mostraram encantadas Resumo com a prática e convencidas dos benefícios da amamentação para seus filhos, mesmo diante de problemas e da interferência contrária de seu meio cultural. Para aquelas que vivenciaram o desmame precoce, o explicito desejo e o conhecimento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This qualitative ethnographic study aimed at understanding the experience of breastfeeding by users of the Unified Health System assisted at a maternity located in a small municipal district of the interior of São Paulo state. Data were obtained through the observation of the study participants and the administration of semi-structured interviews to nine primiparous puerperal women and their reference family members over the first six months after birth (two cases), until study withdrawal (one case), or breastfeeding discontinuation (six cases). After data collection and total transcription of interviews and field logs, the following operational categories were defined and empirical categories were correlated based on principles of the dialectic hermeneutic method: 1 - Initiating breastfeeding: guess I do not know anything about breastfeeding, I have learned a little here and there and it is good to breastfeed, but there are problems; 2 - keeping breastfeeding exclusively: breastfeeding my child is magical, problems arise, but I keep on adapting and being able to breastfeed, I know breastfeeding is the best for my child and I have help with my daily chores; 3 - experiencing early weaning: I was well informed about breastfeeding, I did not want it, but weaning was necessary and if breastfeeding were easy, I would have been able to do it. From early expectations to actual practice, the primiparous women revealed their sometimes convergent and sometimes divergent feelings, perceptions and attitudes. A longer exclusive breastfeeding time was observed among the women who were delighted with the activity and convinced of the benefits it provided to their children, even in the presence of problems and opposing interferences from their cultural environment. Among those who Abstract experienced early weaning, the expressed desire to and previous knowledge on breastfeeding were not... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Vera Lúcia Pamplona Tonete / Coorientador: Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes / Banca: Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima Parada / Banca: Débora Falheiros de Mello / Mestre

Objectives: This study aims to gain an understanding of how current trainee counselling psychologists perceive the scientist-practitioner model. Design: This is a qualitative piece of research grounded in a social constructionist perspective. Two focus groups were conducted lasting 60 minutes at two UK universities. An online survey was also conducted to capture additional views. Method: 29 trainees participated in the study. 15 trainees on counselling psychology doctorate programmes took part in face-to-face focus groups whilst 14 trainees from doctorate programmes or the independent route responded to an online survey. The data collected were analysed using Braun and Clarke (2006) thematic analysis. Findings: Five main themes were identified in relation to the scientist-practitioner model: The Nature of Counselling Psychology, The Nature of Being a Counselling Psychologist, The Nature of Science, What Counts as Evidence, and What Happens in the Therapy Room. Conclusions: Much of the ambiguity and tensions in the literature were present in the views of participants. Three views emerged: the model as a spectrum, the model as two complementary roles, and the model as a toolbox. These views are explored and then implications for practice and possible directions for future research are outlined.

This thesis assesses the evolution of historic maps of Ireland using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and quantitative approaches. Each of nineteen early modern maps dating to the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries (c.1530 – 1610), a formative period of Irish cartographic history, was analysed to statistically assess the relative positional accuracy of places included on the cartography. Building upon previous studies of analysing cartographic veracity using quantitative approaches, notably Tobler's (1994) bidimensional regression technique, it is the first of its kind to apply these techniques to a series of historic maps. The aim is to test these approaches systematically and critically, compare the statistical techniques, and offer insights into their analytical potential in the history of cartography and historical geography. The thesis also aims to enhance our understanding of the evolution and development of maps and map-making during an age often regarded as revolutionary in scientific cartography in Europe. The study highlighted two main historical and cartographic groups; (I) earlier maps of Ireland created prior to Lythe’s survey cartography in which mapmakers appeared to take a more artistic rather than a ‘measured’ approach to mapping and; (II) maps created subsequent to Lythe’s and of generally higher cartographic precision in illustrating the island's geography. Enduring map ‘errors’ that survived through to the seventeenth century are discussed, and illustrate that the development of maps of Ireland did not progress in a linear fashion. Map lineage was complex, and plagiarism between mapmakers was rife with one map, by Robert Lythe (PHA 9581, c.1571), shown to form the basis for many subsequent maps. The methodology developed in this thesis is a fundamental addition to early map research, by adding to key debates in the history of cartography concerned with how early maps developed and evolved, and providing new insights on Ireland’s early cartography.

abstract: Blended families including half siblings (brothers/sisters who share only one biological parent, most likely a product of divorce and remarriage) are becoming increasingly prevalent in Western societies. Studies have determined the negative outcomes of sharing only one biological parent on familial relationships, but less so on how half siblings may be resilient in the wake of restructuration and cultivate positive relationships overtime and into adulthood. This study applied a systems and resilience perspective to understand how blended family structure influences this unique sibling dyad. This research includes two studies. First, seventeen older half siblings who define their current sibling relationship as positive participated in a retrospective turning points interview. The second study required sixteen additional participants to keep a two-week daily diary on their communication with immediate family members, including half siblings. These two studies combined shed light on the typical communication practices between positive half siblings, including which behaviors contribute to prosocial relational sibling maintenance. Results detailed 23 prosocial relational maintenance behaviors. The maintenance behaviors positivity, joint activities, openness, and parental intervention were most significant in contributing to a positive half sibling relationship. Three novel maintenance behaviors (parental intervention, awareness of maturity, and mentoring behavior) were also identified to contribute to existing maintenance literature. Theoretical and practical implications for scholars and practitioners alike are discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Communication 2018

Although abortion has been decriminalized in Canada since 1988 and is covered as a medically necessary service through territorial health insurance schemes, anecdotal evidence suggests women in Canada’s north face significant barriers to accessing care. With a population of fewer than 34,000 spread across an area that is larger than California, geographic remoteness impacts health care access and quality in Yukon Territory. This qualitative study aimed to explore the dynamics shaping access to abortion care in the Yukon, provide an opportunity for women to share their experiences, and identify possible avenues for improving service delivery. In 2015-2016, the study team conducted 16 in-depth interviews with women and 11 key informant interviews. We used an iterative analytic approach allowing for the identification of emerging codes and themes. Our findings reveal that women face a number of barriers when accessing abortion services in Yukon. Specifically, a physician referral is required, as are several pre-procedure appointments, with no one central location to obtain these services. Women expressed concerns of privacy, overcoming logistical constraints, lengthy wait times, and lack of follow-up supports. Challenges were further amplified for women residing outside of Whitehorse, the sole location to obtain abortion services in the territory. Facilitating efforts to create a more transparent and streamlined service would ease the process for women seeking care and appears warranted. The recent registration of mifepristone could serve to alleviate certain barriers, presuming that the approved regimen is affordable, evidence-based, and available at more service delivery points. Bien que l'avortement a été décriminalisé au Canada depuis 1988 et est couvert en tant que service médicalement essentiel par le biais des régimes d'assurance-santé territoriales, des évidences non confirmées suggèrent que les femmes vivant au Nord du Canada font face à des obstacles importants quant à l'accès aux soins. Avec une population de moins de 34,000 habitants répartit sur un territoire d’une superficie supérieure à celle de la Californie, les effets de l’éloignement géographique sur l'accès et la qualité des soins de santé dans le territoire du Yukon sont considérables. Cette étude qualitative visait à explorer la dynamique qui façonne l'accès aux services d'avortement au Yukon, fournir une occasion pour ces femmes de partager leurs expériences et d'identifier les alternatives possibles pour améliorer la prestation de ces services. En 2016-2016, l’equipe de recherche a effectué 16 entrevues avec des femmes et 11 entrevues avec des informateurs/acteurs clés, et avons utilisé une approche analytique itérative permettant l'identification d’une codification et des thèmes émergents. Nos résultats démontrent que les femmes font face à un certain nombre d'obstacles lors de l'accès aux services d'avortement au Yukon. En effet, une recommandation médicale est requise, de même que plusieurs rendez-vous pré-procédure et un manque de services centralisés. Les atteintes à la vie privée, les contraintes logistiques, les longs temps d’attente et le manque de suivi sont des contraintes exprimées par nos participantes. Ces défis sont encore plus important pour les femmes habitant à l'extérieur de Whitehorse qui est le seul endroit pour obtenir des services d'avortement sur le territoire. Promouvoir les efforts visant à créer des services plus transparents et simplifiés faciliteraient le processus pour les femmes qui requiert des soins et semblent nécessaires. La récente introduction de la mifépristone pourrait alléger certains obstacles, en supposant que le médicament adopté est abordable, fondé sur des preuves scientifiques, et disponible à plusieurs points de services.

Por meio do corpo e da corporeidade, podem ser feitas escolhas e interagir com os outros, de maneira verdadeira e autêntica, além de intervir nos fatos relacionados à natureza e aos fenômenos humanos, mudar, criar, compartilhar, ensinar, transformar e ser transformado. Este estudo buscou compreender como a mulher docente de enfermagem percebe seu corpo em sua atuação docente. A pesquisa qualitativa foi usada com a abordagem fenomenológica. Participaram da investigação dez mulheres docentes de enfermagem de uma universidade pública. Seus depoimentos foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com as seguintes questões norteadoras: Como você se vê como mulher e docente de enfermagem? Que significados você atribui ao seu corpo, sendo mulher e docente de enfermagem? Como você utiliza o seu corpo no ensino da enfermagem?Como você percebe a postura corporal dos alunos de enfermagem? O que você observa neles que considera serem respostas às suas posturas corporais?Os discursos foram analisados e interpretados à luz do referencial teórico-filosófico de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, originando-se três temas: Corporeidade: expressão da vivência, Corporeidade o ser mulher, Corporeidade e a docência de enfermagem. Os resultados do estudo permitiram compreender que a mulher, docente de enfermagem, utiliza-se de seu corpo e corporeidade em sua prática pedagógica, tendo intencionalidades e ações que demonstram a consciência do corpo, além dos aspectos meramente biológicos. Atribuem ao corpo-corporeidade significados importantes que podem contribuir na existência do ser mulher docente de enfermagem e, certamente, repercutir na prática e no conhecimento em enfermagem / By means of the body and corporality, choices can be made that affect interaction with others in a real and authentic manner, as well as intervene in aspects related to the nature of human phenomena: change, creation, sharing, teaching, transformation and being transformed. This study sought to comprehend how a woman professor of nursing perceives her body in her professional practice. Qualitative research was used with a phenomenological approach. Ten women participated in the investigation, all professors of nursing at a public university. Their statements were collected by means of interviews with the following questions: How do you see yourself as a woman and professor of nursing? What meanings have you attributed to your body as a woman and a professor of nursing? How do you utilize your body in the teaching of nursing? How do you perceive the corporal posture of your nursing students? What do you observe in them that you consider responses to your corporal postures? The statements were analyzed and interpreted in light of the theoretical-philosophical reference of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, giving rise to three themes: Corporality: expression of existence, Corporality of the woman being, Corporality and the teaching of nursing. The results of the study showed that the woman professor of nursing utilizes her body and corporality in her professorial practice, having intentionalities and actions that demonstrate an awareness of the body beyond mere biological aspects. They attribute to body-corporality important meanings that can contribute to the existence of the woman professor of nursing and, certainly, have repercussions on the practice and understanding of nursing

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-12-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:52:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 modesto_ma_me_bauru.pdf: 798832 bytes, checksum: 0cf3a7eab34a5740bb8688a5ebb802ad (MD5) / Este trabalho busca analisar e compreender como professores de matemática vivenciam - e analisam - suas participações em cursos, seminários, workshops, e outros momentos de formação permanente, nas quais estão ou estiveram envolvidos. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados valem-se da pesquisa qualitativa com enfoque de inspiração fenomenológica. Unidades de significado foram recortadas de entrevistas realizadas com dez professores de matemática da Rede Pública Estadual e Municipal das cidades de Agudos, Bauru, Jaú, Lençóis Paulista e Macatuba. Significados foram atribuídos num processo de redução fenomenológica, numa trajetória de convergências. Essa modalidade de análise permitiu a construção de dez categorias, chamadas abertas, assim nomeadas: graduação, volta à Universidade, conteúdos matemáticos x questões do dia-a-dia, reflexão e ação, coletivo, aplicabilidade, mudança, atualização e transformação, dificuldades, continuidade e informática. Esboçadas e discutidas essas categorias, o trabalho é concluído com o diálogo entre essas categorias e autores que constituíram nosso referencial bibliográfico / This research features a discussion on the feeling and views teachers of mathematics nurture as they take part in courses, seminars and workshops all along their in-service formation. The issue is assessed with the help of qualitative research methodology from a phenomenological perspective. Units of Meaning were ellicited from the interviews conducted with ten teachers of State and City Schools in Agudos, Bauru, Jaú, Lençóis Paulista and Macatuba. Meanings were attributed in a process of phenomenological reduction pointing to a convergence. This kind of analysis allowed the construction of ten open categories as follows: graduation, going back to college, mathematical contents versus daily life, reflection and action, collective, applicability, change, updating and transformation, difficulties, continuity, information systems. After these categories were outlined and discussed, a dialogue among the categories and authors used as bibliographical references closes the work

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:59:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_lm_me_botfm.pdf: 1359853 bytes, checksum: d9aa0c837ad10120c063b92a248ff67c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O estudo foi realizado com médicos peritos do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS) de agências da Previdência Social (APS) do interior paulista. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve como objetivos: compreender a experiência de trabalho do médico perito no INSS e elaborar um modelo teórico representativo dessa experiência. Foi utilizado como referencial teórico a Teoria da Complexidade e como referencial metodológico a Grounded Theory. A obtenção dos dados foi por meio de entrevista aberta, gravada e transcrita na íntegra com 10 médicos peritos do INSS. Dos resultados, emergiram dois fenômenos: “encontrando-se como médico perito” e “sentindo-se no fio da navalha: entre expectativas e conflitos”. Da análise da experiência do grupo de médicos peritos, emergiu a categoria central: ENTRE A POTÊNCIA E A IMPOTÊNCIA DO EXERCÍCIO PROFISSIONAL DE MÉDICO PERITO NO INSS: A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ESTADO COMO COMPONENTE DILEMÁTICO E PARADOXAL. O modelo teórico evidencia o processo que leva o médico perito a sentir-se capacitado para o exercício da profissão com auxílio do Estado, sob a forma de capacitação pelo INSS. A falta de apoio social, a desorganização do Estado para assistir o trabalhador, o despreparo do cidadão em relação aos seus direitos e deveres no INSS e a insegurança que sente no seu trabalho, fazem o perito sentir-se impotente e cobrado pelo Estado que, ao mesmo tempo que prepara o perito, não contribui de forma satisfatória para que seu trabalho seja executado de forma mais apropriada. A visão da Teoria da Complexidade apóia novas práticas mais criativas e sistêmicas, fortalecendo as relações entre os órgãos do Estado e que quanto mais fortes, mais apoio surgirá delas. Mostra a necessidade de desconstrução do modelo cartesiano da atividade de trabalho do médico perito em que há pouca ou nenhuma interação com outros sistemas... / The study was conducted with the participation of specialist doctors of the National Institute of Social Security (INSS) and Social Welfare Agencies (APS) in São Paulo state. It is a qualitative study aiming at: understanding the experience of specialist doctors’ work at INSS and design a representative theoretical model of such experience. The Theory of Complexity was used as the theoretical framework, and the Grounded Theory as the methodological framework. Data were collected by means of open interviews with 10 INSS specialist doctors. The interviews were recorded and then fully transcribed. Two phenomena emerged from the results: “finding oneself as a specialist doctor” and “feeling on the razor’s edge: between expectations and conflicts”. From the analysis of the specialist doctors’ experience there emerged the core category: BETWEEN THE POWER AND THE POWERLESSNESS OF SPECIALIST DOCTOR’S PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AT INSS: THE IMPORTANCE OF STATE AS DILEMMATIC AND PARADOXAL. The theoretical model shows the process that leads specialist doctors to feel qualified for professional practice with help from the State, under the qualification standards by INSS. The lack of social support, the State’s disorganization to assist workers, citizens’ unpreparedness in relation to their rights and duties at INSS and the insecurity felt at work make specialist doctors feel powerless and mandated by the State which, while training specialist doctors, does not satisfactorily contribute to the appropriate performance of their work. The view of the Theory of Complexity supports new, more creative and systemic practices, thus strengthening the relationship among State agencies. The stronger such relationships, the more support will arise from them. It also shows the need to deconstruct the Cartesian model for the specialist doctor’s activity, in which there is little or no interaction ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

The magisterial thesis deals with problems of seniors' pastime activities regarding the media, especially television. The theoretical part describes and explains what a qualitative research means, what this research aggregates, what the term media means, what kinds and roles we can distinguish amongst the media. The thesis aims on the importance of the media as well. This work draws from a theoretical knowledge and a self qualitative research in the practical section. The research is based on having qualitative talks with seniors. The work should find out what kind of media is preferred among seniors and why, or what role the media play in everyday life of a senior. This thesis is also focused on pointing out the fact that more seniors interest themselves in learning how to work with the internet and how they benefit from using the web. In addition, I would also like to show how the contemporary seniors spend their leisure-time and how the media participate in their lives.

The thesis is focused on the general level of education of secondary school students, especially in terms of its stability, or vice versa its changes. The attention is paid to the most important factors involved in the process of education and general knowledge and skills of today´s students. The thesis sets out to meet the theoretical bases of education and then present the resulting theory, which is based on qualitative survey. The theoretical part deals with the definition of education, their functions and defining the main institutions and factors, which are involved in the education learning process. The practical part is based on a qualitative survey, which was conducted through structured interviews with open questions that were carried out with secondary school teachers from different types of schools. The data collected from these interviews was examined by grounded theory, and then analysed. This thesis, in the practical part, shows a new theory explaining the surveyed area.