Denna studie berör studenters preferenser när det gäller transporter som görs med cykel. Studien begränsas till området Öst på stan med universitetsområdet och centrum som start och målpunkt inom Umeå kommun. Studien bygger på en fallstudie där ett 70-tal studenters resonemang och åsikter behandlas utifrån vad som är mer och mindre attraktiva inslag rörande cykelvägars utformning. Samt om det finns andra beståndsdelar som är viktiga vid val av cykelväg förutom utformningen. Deras åsikter preciseras både genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning samt en kvalitativ gruppintervju. Vidare genomfördes en tematisering för att strukturera den data som framkommit från respondenterna.   Respondenterna utrycker att cykelvägarna bör erbjuda god framkomlighet och standard för att dessa ska anses värda att användas. Exempel på positiv utformning är: God sikt, underhåll av vägens hårda ytor samt hantering av snö och vatten. Även vägbredd och separering är attraktiva inslag för god utformning. Utöver utformning är kopplingar mellan målpunkter viktigt för att vägen ska anses användarvänlig. De slutsatser som dras inom studien är att Öst på stans fyra cykelvägar erbjuder olika standard sinsemellan. Kvalitén på vägarna anses ändå så pass bra att detta inte inverkar i valet av färdväg. Vad som spelar in i valet av färdväg för respondenterna är istället den upplevda kopplingen mellan de två målpunkter som behandlas för denna fallstudie. Samt den upplevda tid det tar att nyttja en väg. Den upplevda kopplingen är i sin tur baserad på den lokalkännedom som studenterna har om platsen. Detta innebär således att valet av cykelväg grundas främst på den kännedom studenter har om möjliga vägar och i andra hand vilka punkter dessa vägar kopplar samman för detta studieområde.

Modern cars are often equipped with sensors like radar, infrared cameras and stereo cameras that collect information about its surroundings. By using a stereo camera, it is possible to receive information about the distance to points in front of the car. This information can be used to estimate the height of the predicted path of the car. An application which does this is the stereo based Road surface preview (RSP) algorithm. By using the output from the RSP algorithm it is possible to use active suspension control, which controls the vertical movement of the wheels relative to the chassis. This application primarily makes the driving experience more comfortable, but also extends the durability of the vehicle. The idea behind this Master’s thesis is to create an evaluation tool for the RSP algorithm, which can be used at arbitrary roads.  The thesis describes the proposed evaluation tool, where focus has been to make an accurate comparison of camera data received from the RSP algorithm and laser data used as ground truth in this thesis. Since the tool shall be used at the company proposing this thesis, focus has also been on making the tool user friendly. The report discusses the proposed methods, possible sources to errors and improvements. The evaluation tool considered in this thesis shows good results for the available test data, which made it possible to include an investigation of a possible improvement of the RSP algorithm.

This paper deals with road charging. Especially reasons, goals and possible ways of road charging, EFC systems and their applications in telematics are described. The second part of this paper is dedicated to road charging system in Austria with its instrument and future trends.

This diploma thesis is about description and analysis of urban traffic. First part of this work is focused on subsystems of urban public transport, categorization and description of the external costs in road transport and possible ways of charging. Electronic toll systems, their legal framework, the basic architecture, applied technologies and their interoperability and standardization are described. The final and main part of this work is devoted to a description and evaluation of urban toll systems in three Norwegian cities: Oslo, Trondheim and Bergen.

The master thesis discusses the development of automotive industry in foreign trade of Czech Republic in 1993-2009. The thesis consists of 3 main parts: the first part deals with production of czech producers as object of following exports, the second part documents import of automobiles into the Czech Republic and the third part describes and analyses development of foreign trade and the role of automotive industry in foreign trade of Czech Republic.

Fondée sur une enquête de terrain menée dans des villages jàa du sud ouest du Burkina Faso, cette thèse s'attache à définir l'éligibilité au regard des deux formes socio-spatiales que sont la maison et la route. La maison se présente comme un espace de rivalités, qui ont été provoquées par l'émergence d'un nouveau lieu de pouvoir. Elle témoigne de la création de liens de parenté originaux, mais elle matérialise également l'existence d'une double métamorphose de la virilité dans la société jàa. Cette double métamorphose se caractérise par l'établissement de relations « érotiques » entre les sexes et par la monétarisation de la virilité guerrière. La route, forme socio-spatiale complémentaire et antagonique à la maison, est le lieu à l'origine de ces transformations. Elle incarne le désordre dans la production des hiérarchies politiques : elle figure la propension des candidats aux élections à semer rituellement le chaos lors des meetings politiques et elle est le site depuis lequel s'introduit la déstabilisation du pouvoir. Elle éclaire, en cela, la chute de Blaise Compaoré en octobre 2014. Elle concrétise, plus largement, l'arrivée perçue comme menaçante de migrants Mossi dans les villages et le rôle de l'itinérance dans la révolution des hiérarchies politiques et initiatiques dans la société jàa. La maison et la route composent ainsi une dyade, permettant de décrire, selon une perspective topographique, les transformations des hiérarchies politiques dans une société ouest-africaine. Or, pour concevoir le caractère cadastrable des hiérarchies politiques, il faut situer, au centre de la relation des hommes au territoire, la médiation des croyances et des pratiques religieuses, plutôt que d'envisager une infrastructure économique au pouvoir. / Grounded on a field survey in jàa villages, located in South West Burkina Faso, this thesis aims at defining eligibility from the standing of two socio-spatial forms: the house and the road. The house appears to be a space of rivalries, which have been provoked by the creation of a new centre of power. It highlights the reform of kinship, but it also materializes the double metamorphose of virility in jàa society. This double metamorphose is characterized by the establishment of "erotic" relationships between men and women and by the monetarization of war virility. The road, a complementary and antagonistic socio-spatial form to the house, is the place which gives rise to these changes. It represents the disorder in the political hierarchies production process: it indicates the propensity of local election candidates to ritually create chaos during political meetings and it is the site from which the destabilization of power is introduced. As such, it informs of Blaise Compaoré's fall in October 2014. More broadly, it materializes the intrusion, seen as threatening, of Mossi migrants in villages and the role of roaming in the revolution of political and initiatory hierarchies. Thus, the house and the road compose a dyad, which allows to describe the transformations of political hierarchies in a West African society, following a topographic perspective. Yet, to design the geographical dimension of political hierarchies, it requires placing the mediation of religious beliefs and practices in the centre of the relations between humans and the territory, instead of considering an economical infrastructure of politics.

Thesis advisor: Rudolph Hon / This study characterizes the current state of water quality of surface streams and rivers in the eastern New England region. A set of water quality data for nine rivers, part of the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program was statistically evaluated to identify natural and anthropogenic persistent influential factors on water quality in surface waters. Binary analysis and multivariate analysis, mainly Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to determine the least number of independent relationships among multiple chemical components in the data set. Statistical results show that in eight of the nine rivers included in this study, four principal components can explain about 80% of the total variance of the original data. The most significant contributing factors can be identified with: (1) chemical weathering; (2) road salt applications; (3) nutrient cycling; and (4) agricultural/waste water. / Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Geology and Geophysics.

Les constructeurs automobiles fabriquant des systèmes de conduite automatisée ont besoin d’aborder les conséquences que ces systèmes peuvent avoir sur la sécurité routière. Notamment pour l’évaluation des gains de sécurité, la sécurisation des essais et l’analyse des accidents impliquant le véhicule autonome. Cependant, le cadre conceptuel actuel utilisé dans la sécurité routière peut ne pas être adapté pour l’analyse des changements et des nouvelles interactions introduits par l’automatisation du véhicule à travers toutes les échelles du système sociotechnique de transport routier.Le but de la thèse est d’appliquer une approche systémique fondée sur STAMP afin d'étudier les gains attendus du véhicule autonome en termes de sécurité routière, sécuriser les expérimentations et analyser les accidents impliquant ce type de véhicule, à travers toutes les échelles du système sociotechnique de transport routier.Afin de contribuer au calcul des gains du véhicule autonome sur la sécurité routière, la population cible d’un « highway pilot system» a été définie et des questions issue d’une analyse STPA (analyse des risques issue de STAMP) aidant à l’évaluation de l’efficacité du système ont été élaborées.Un cadre de sécurisation des expérimentations couvrant tous les niveaux du système a été mis en place au moyen d’une analyse STPA à deux échelles.Enfin, une méthode d’analyse des accidents impliquant un conducteur automatisé a été créé en intégrant des éléments issus de méthodes d’analyses des accidents de la route existantes et des éléments explicatifs développés spécialement à la méthode CAST (méthode d’analyse des accidents fondée sur STAMP). L’accident impliquant une Tesla en mai 2016 est le cas d’étude de cette nouvelle méthode, CASCAD.En conclusion, ces trois applications ont montré tout le potentiel d’une approche systémique fondée sur STAMP pour offrir un cadre conceptuel adapté à l’évaluation des conséquences sur la sécurité routière de la conduite automatisée. / As automakers develop automated driving systems, they must address the implications of such systems on road safety. Notably for the safety benefit assessment, trial safety and accident analysis. However, the existing conceptual framework in road safety may not be adapted to analyze the changes and new interactions introduced by vehicle automation at all the levels of the road transport sociotechnical system.The main objective of this thesis is to apply a systems theoretic approach based on STAMP to examine the safety benefit assessment, trial safety and accident analysis of automated driving across all the levels of the road transport sociotechnical system.This research first contributes to safety benefit assessment by estimating the target population of a highway pilot system and by generating questions derived from an STPA analysis (hazard analysis based on STAMP) to facilitate the evaluation of the influence of the highway pilot system on road safety.Next, this work establishes a framework to ensure trial safety across the macroscopic and microscopic levels of the vehicle trial system by structuring the outputs of two STPA analyses.Finally, this thesis integrates elements from existing crash analysis methods and newly developed guidance elements into CAST (an accident analysis method based on STAMP) to develop a new method for the accident analysis of crashes involving automated driving called CASCAD. The application of CASCAD was illustrated using the available information of the Tesla crash on May 2016.The three applications of this research show the potential of a STAMP-based approach to provide a suitable conceptual framework for the analysis of the implications of road safety on automated driving.

This investigation presents results of the temperature effect on durability properties (resistivity and diffusivity) and compressive strength of concrete with pozzolans, and the effect of pozzolanic admixtures on microstructure and chemical compositions of concrete pore solution. ... Temperature dependence of electrical resistivity and chloride diffusivity was studied by dynamic temperature tests. Accelerated curing regimes involving curing concrete specimens in 35À C lime water with different durations were tested. Compressive strength test, resisivity measurement and rapid chloride migration (RCM) tests were performed. A leaching method was used to measure pH and conductivity of concrete pore solution. ... The accelerated curing regimes were found to increase the compressive strength and resistance to chloride ion penetration at short-term and long-term. With the developed correlation between resistivity and migration coefficients, it is possible to employ the resistivity measurement as an alternative or replacement of the RCM test to evaluate resistance of chloride ion penetration of concrete. Pozzolanic admixtures were found to decrease both pH and conductivity of concrete pore solution as the replacement ratio increased. Moreover, the migration coefficients were found to be greatly correlated to the microstructure properties of concrete, such as porosity, formation factor and tortuosity. / by Yanbo Liu. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2012. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

No description available.