The purpose of our study is to provide a deeper understanding of the organization at alive concert. We want to identify and bring together different agents implicit knowledge and make it explicit. We contribute to the theoretical discussion by examining how liveconcerts are organized and why, what goals there are to participate in the organizationof the concerts as well as how the organization manage and control towards these goals.Our study is based on 15 interviews with different agents involved in the creation of liveconcerts. The study has shown that the organization of live concerts is similar to atemporary, imaginary organization because there is a temporary and implicit structure.Relationships are created by the agents’ cooperation and customer relations with thesubcontractors. All the agents strive for the general goals to produce a concert and make all parties satisfied. Furthermore, there is a yin and yang-like relationship where financial and artistic goals are complementary opposites. The management andcontrolsystem is similar to the theory of balanced scorecard.

I denna uppsats så ställs frågan om det går att effektivisera dagens PA-teknik. Detta på ett sätt som gynnar tekniker, musiker och mindre band. Undersökningen som genomfördes innefattade en litteraturundersökning och flertalet intervjuer med personer som på olika sätt arbetar med ljud och musik i livesammanhang.Resultaten visar att det går att effektivisera PA-tekniken mer än vad som görs idag. I och medden digitala teknikens introducerande så underlättas både teknikers och musikers jobb. Den traditionella multikabeln kan ersättas med varianter baserade på Ethernet. Olika varianter av teknik kan användas för att underlätta arbetet med monitorer, exempelvis In-ear monitoring. Uppsatsen presenterar olika knep för hur man kan förhindra feedback och genomföra en effektivare soundcheck. Slutligen diskuteras hur mindre band kan dra fördel av den digitala tekniken.

No description available.

Reservoir pressure and solution gas can significantly alter the microemulsion phase behavior and the design of a surfactant-polymer flood. This dissertation shows how to predict changes in microemulsion phase behavior from dead oil at atmospheric pressure to live crude at reservoir pressure. Our method requires obtaining only a few glass pipette measurements of microemulsion phase behavior at atmospheric pressure. The key finding is that at reservoir pressure the optimum solubilization ratio and the logarithm of optimal salinity behave linearly with equivalent alkane carbon number (EACN). These trends are predicted from the experimental data at atmospheric pressure based on density calculations of pure components using the Peng-Robinson equation-of-state (PREOS). We show that predictions of the optimum conditions for live oil are in good agreement with the few experimental measurements that are available in the literature. We also present new measurements at atmospheric pressure to verify the established trends. The experiments show that while pressure induces a phase transition from upper microemulsion (Winsor Type II+) to lower microemulsion (Winsor Type II-), solution gas does the opposite. An increase in pressure decreases the optimum solubilization ratio and shifts the optimum salinity to a larger value. Adding methane to dead oil at constant pressure does the reverse. Thus, these effects are coupled and both must be taken into account. We show using a numerical simulator that these changes in the optimum conditions can impact oil recovery if not accounted for in the SP design. / text

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The properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and its simian counterpart SIV that enable persistent replication in the face of robust cellular, antibody, and innate immune responses have complicated efforts to develop a safe and effective vaccine. Vaccine protection against HIV-1 infection may require a combination of immune mechanisms. However, the types of immune responses that can be induced by vaccination to prevent HIV-1 infection remain unclear. The features of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) that confer inherent resistance to neutralization by antibodies also interfere with the development of antibody responses. We therefore vaccinated rhesus macaques with single-cycle SIV (scSIV) strains expressing Env proteins mutated to remove features that interfere with the induction of antibody responses. Antibodies capable of neutralizing Env-modified but not wild-type SIV were selectively enhanced. Identifying the immune responses underlying complete protection by live-attenuated SIV against pathogenic SIV challenge may provide guidance for HIV-1 vaccine design. To test the hypothesis that antibodies not measurable by assays for virus neutralization correlate with protection by live-attenuated SIV, we developed a novel assay for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). ADCC activity increased progressively over time after inoculation, and was measurable against viruses expressing heterologous Env proteins from independent SIV isolates when neutralization was undetectable. Two separate pathogenic \(SIV_{mac}251\) challenge experiments took advantage of either the strain specificity or the time-dependent development of immunity to overcome complete protection by live-attenuated SIV. In both experiments, macaques inoculated with live-attenuated SIV that remained uninfected by \(SIV_{mac}251\) had significantly higher ADCC activity than those that became infected. We also measured ADCC for the primary immune correlates analysis of a recent HIV-1 vaccine clinical trial in Thailand (RV144) that reported modest vaccine protection (31%). There was a nonsignificant trend towards lower risk of infection among vaccinees with high versus low relative ADCC activity. However, Env-specific IgA correlated with risk, prompting an analysis stratified by IgA levels. Among vaccinees with low Env-specific IgA, there was lower risk of infection among those with higher ADCC activity. These observations suggest that antibodies that direct ADCC may contribute to vaccine protection against SIV and HIV-1 infection.

No description available.

Zoos and museums utilize docents, or volunteer educators, to help educate and entertain visitors through live animal demonstrations. Preparing volunteers to handle live animals is complex because volunteers must learn animal handling techniques, emergency protocols, interpretive material, be able to simultaneously show and monitor the animal, talk about it, take visitor questions, and be aware of safety concerns. Zoos are held accountable for animal welfare as a priority as well as volunteer and visitor safety.This study investigated barriers to preparing adult volunteers to handle live animals at the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum in Tucson, Arizona. Adult docents and training staff members were interviewed about their perceptions of barriers from the previous year's animal handling training. Ten individual docent interviews, two docent focus groups, and four staff member interviews provided information about animal handling training challenges.Barriers included the resistance to change; specifically volunteers needed to recognize why changes in protocols were necessary so they would support changes. Volunteers expressed the desire to be part of the change with staff members rather than having protocols delivered to them. Miscommunication was a second barrier, originating from lack of consistent communication systems and volunteers feeling left out of the change process. Another barrier was volunteers' perception of authority in that volunteers invested time questioning staff about program changes based on staff qualifications rather than utilizing their time working with the animals. A fourth barrier was that volunteers shared that they felt pressure to perform or else they feel as though they failed part of their volunteer job. Finally recognizing that volunteers learn in different ways was a fifth barrier and many volunteers suggested the need to address a variety of learning styles.Adult learning theory provided a theoretical framework from which the barriers could be investigated. Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory (1984) suggests that volunteers need to have animal handling training lessons presented with different teaching techniques or styles. Investing time into training staff about learning theories and teaching techniques may circumvent struggles with volunteers learning new techniques.

Asian women make up the fastest growing category of the world's population of migrant workers. The thesis examines labor and immigration policies of Canada as a host country for Filipino women migrant workers. It also determines how Canada's working environment for Filipino women migrant workers is mapped out. The thesis is anchored on three major concerns. The first is an analysis of the Philippines as a leading labor exporting country. The thesis expounds on the state mechanisms promoting labor exportation and the corresponding problems that ensue. It is argued that a majority of the problems of labor migration from the Philippines can be attributed to the inadequate policies and laws of the government in the 1970s when labor export first flourished. The second area of concern is a situation analysis of the Filipina migrant workers who come to Canada to work as live-in caregivers. This discussion is focused on Canada's general framework of immigration laws, foreign worker policies and the pertinent provincial labor laws of British Columbia. It analyzes how these pieces of legislation have been shaped by Canada's national policies. The thesis argues that Canada's regulations restricting the rights of foreign domestic workers and the marginalization of their social mobility and status reflect the unequal relationship between the host and the sending countries. The third and most important concern is a policy analysis of the Live-In Caregiver Program vis-a-vis migrants' rights and labor issues. The thesis argues that Canada, through the continuation of the Live-In Caregiver Program, provides Filipino domestic workers inequitable working conditions. It is argued that since Canada is an international forerunner in championing human rights, it becomes anachronistic that a cluster of the country's immigration policies continue to advocate indentured form of labor. Canada is in a unique position, both as a traditional immigrants' country and as an international player, to blaze the trail for international recognition of migrant workers' rights. Canada must eliminate the double standards in the Live-In Caregiver Program vis-a-vis the general immigration policies. Therefore, it is argued that in order to maintain the high marks it has been receiving at the international level, Canada must eliminate two requirements of the Live-In Caregiver Program: First, the two-year live-in requirement and second, the temporary migrant status of live-in caregivers upon initial entry to Canada. Live-in work must be optional and not subject to the granting of permanent residence status. To preserve it international reputation, Canada must also make reforms on the international level by ratifying and implementing international conventions.

Pasaulinė sveikatos organizacija, rūpindamasi žmonių sveikata, siekia užtikrinti visiems galimybę siekti geresnės gyvenimo kokybės (GK). Žmonių gerovė glaudžiai susijusi su jų sveikata. GK koncepcija yra kompleksiškai veikiama asmens fizinės sveikatos, psichologinės būklės, nepriklausomybės lygio, socialinių ryšių ir ryšių su aplinka. Gyvenimo kokybė (GK) gali racionaliai atspindėti ir gyvenimo darbe kokybę (GDK). Šios dvi koncepcijos turi glaudų tarpusavio ryšį (r = 0,55 - 0,66) ir jos susijosios tarpusavyje su aplinka, darbuotoju kaip asmeniu, santykiu su darbo aplinkos kokybe. Tyrimo tikslas - vertinti ir išanalizuoti slaugytojų gyvenimo kokybę. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1.Apibūdinti GK sampratą ir atskleisti GK teorinius aspektus. 2.Ištirti slaugytojų GK. 3.Išsiaiškinti, kokie GK aspektai yra aktualūs slaugos specialistui, atliekant GK sričių tarpusavio koreliacijos analizę. Tyrimo generalinę imtį sudarė Šiaulių miesto gydymo įstaigų slaugytojos – moterys. Buvo apklausta 120 respondenčių. Slaugytojų amžius vyravo nuo 23 iki 65 metų. Didžiausią metų grupę sudarė slaugytojos nuo 18-35 metų amžiaus (42,7 proc.). GK tyrimo instrumentas – adaptuotas PSO klausimynas, kurį sudro VI sritys: fizinė sveikata, psichologinė sveikata, nepriklausomybės lygis, socialiniai santykiai, aplinka ir dvasingumas, atspindinčios žmogaus gyvenimo kokybę. Anketa buvo pildoma apklausos būdu ir vertinama 5 balų sistema. Surinkti duomenys buvo analizuojami ir apdorojami SPSS PC statistiniu paketu... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / World Health Organization taking care of human health seeks to ensure access for everybody to achieve a better quality of life (QOL). Human well-being is closely linked with health. QOL conception is exposed to a complex personal physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships and relation with the environment. Objective of the study is to assess and analyze nurses’ quality of life. Tasks of the study: 1.To describe the concept of QOL. To assess nurses’ QOL areas. 2.To make a comparison of nurses QOL areas. 3.To establish a correlation relationship between QOL areas. General research sample consisted of Siauliai city hospitals nurses – women. 120 respondents have been questioned. Nurses' age ranged from 23 to 65 years. The largest group consisted of nurses from 18 to 35 years of age (42,7%). QOL survey instrument - adapted PSO questionnaire, which consists of six domains: physical health, psychological health, level of independence, social relationships, environment and spirituality, reflecting the quality of human life. The questionnaires were filled by way of interview and assessed in 5-point scale. The collected data were analyzed and processed using SPSS PC statistical package. Interrelation was assessed by correlation coefficient = r, calculating 95 percent reliability index. Conclusions: 1.87 percent of the nurses evaluate their quality of life as good, it was resulted by statistically significant relationship between... [to full text]