abstract: ABSTRACT The early twentieth century saw changing attitudes in gender roles and the advancement of the "New Woman." Despite the decline in the availability of homesteading land in the US West, homesteading still offered a means for women to achieve or enact newfound independence, and the letters of Elinore Pruitt Stewart, Elizabeth Corey, and Cecilia Hennel Hendricks offer a varied view of the female homesteading experience. This dissertation focuses upon the functionality of epistolary discourse from early twentieth century homesteading women within a literary and historical framework in order to establish the significance of letters as literary texts and examine the methodology involved in creating epistolary identities. Chapter one provides background on the history of the letter in America. It also as introduces a theoretical framework regarding life writing, feminism, and epistolary discourse that inform this study, by scholars such as Phillipe LeJeune, Leigh Gilmore, Janet Altman, Julie Watson, and Sidonie Smith. Chapter two delves into the published letters of Elinore Pruitt Stewart and the way in which her writing, when situated within a US western literary framework, serves as a reaction to the masculine western hero. Chapter three considers the epistolary relationships evident in the letters of Elizabeth Corey and the construction of gender identity within epistolarity. Chapter four focuses upon Cecilia Hennel Hendricks and the historical and feminist context of her letters, with a particular emphasis upon the "love letter." The conclusion examines the progression of the letter in the twentieth century and forms of online discourse that can be directly linked to its evolution. Far from being simply a form of communication, these letters reveal the history of a time, a place, a people, function as narrative literary texts, and aid in developing identities. For readers and scholars they tell offer a glimpse into life for women in the early twentieth century and highlight the significance of letters as a literary form. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. English 2010

As chamadas teorias pós-coloniais iniciaram, na década de 1980, uma revisão histórica que levou ao resgate da história de povos conquistados e ao questionamento de teorias estabelecidas, como é o caso da teoria de aculturação. A arqueologia, influenciada pelas revisões pós-coloniais, começou a reformular a história do Império Romano e das províncias a ele incorporadas, entre elas, e de especial interesse no presente trabalho, as províncias estabelecidas em territórios “celtas” e no norte da Grã-Bretanha. Além de questionamentos sobre a teoria de romanização, arqueólogos como Simon James constataram que estas populações possuíam culturas de base local, mostrando que os inúmeros povos rotulados como “celtas” pertenciam a tradições múltiplas e autônomas. No entanto, a cultura popular e inclusive alguns acadêmicos divulgam uma imagem consistente de uma “civilização celta”, habitante de regiões que iam da Espanha aos Balcãs e do norte da Itália às Ilhas Britânicas, para a qual eram as similaridades e não as diferenças que importavam. Mesmo tendo permanecido por muito tempo como um povo à parte, desde a década de 1950, os pictos (ou bretões do norte) também têm sido incluídos nesta grande civilização. Porém, embora autores gregos e romanos colocassem um grande número de povos continentais antigos sob um único rótulo – celtas -, o mesmo não é verdade com relação aos antigos habitantes das ilhas britânicas: para estes, os autores utilizavam o nome bretões, diferenciando-os dos bárbaros continentais. Ainda assim, iniciada no século XVII, a construção da história de uma civilização celta, à qual os bretões (habitantes da província romana, em um primeiro momento, e, mais tardiamente, também os bretões do norte) foram incluídos, encontra suporte nos autores clássicos: a similaridade das caracterizações de celtas, gálatas ou gauleses com as dos bretões é notável. De acordo com David Rankin, a cristalização da imagem destes bárbaros deve-se, em grande medida, ao sistema de educação retórico, o qual punha considerável ênfase no aprendizado de lugares-comuns. Seguindo o raciocínio de Rankin, o presente trabalho se propõe a analisar as descrições sobre o modo de fazer guerra de bretões do norte, comparando-as com aquelas dos povos chamados de celtas do continente europeu. Esta comparação se dá ainda à luz das considerações sobre o papel da influência da retórica na história, a inventio, as digressões etnográficas e os lugares-comuns – utilizando para esse fim, as indicações de antigos manuais retóricos. A definição de lugar-comum, um conceito chave para a análise, foi extraída do manual Da Invenção, de Cícero. Além disso, essas caracterizações foram entendidas como representações, seguindo a teoria proposta pelo historiador Franklin Rudolf Ankersmit que define uma representação enquanto uma operação de três lugares. / The so-called postcolonial theories began a historical review, in the 1980s, which led to the rescue of the history of conquered peoples and to the questioning of established theories, such as the acculturation theory. Archaeology, influenced by postcolonial reviews, began to reformulate the history of the Roman Empire and of the provinces the Empire had incorporated. Among these provinces, and of particular interest in this study, the ones established in “Celtic” territories and in North Britain. In addition to questions about the Romanization theory, archaeologists as Simon James found that these people had locally based cultures, showing that countless people labeled as “Celtic” belonged to multiple and autonomous traditions. However, popular culture and even some academics disseminated a consistent image of a “Celtic civilization”, inhabitant of areas ranging from Spain to the Balkans and from Northern Italy to the British Isles, to which were the similarities, and not the differences, that mattered. Even having stayed long as a people apart, since the 1950s, the Picts (or North Britons) have also been included in this great civilization. But, although Greek and Roman authors placed a large number of ancient continental peoples under a single label - Celtic - the same is not true for the former inhabitants of the British Isles: for these, the authors used the name Britons, differentiating them from the continental barbarians. Still, started in the seventeenth century, the construction of the history of a Celtic civilization, in which the Britons (the inhabitants of the Roman province, first, and later also the Britons of the North) were included, is supported by the classic authors: the similarity between the the characterization of the Celts, Galatians or Gauls with that of the Britons is remarkable. Still, started in the seventeenth century, the construction of the history of a Celtic civilization, in which the Britons (inhabitants of the Roman province, at first, and later also the Britons of the North) were included, is supported by the classic authors: the similarity between the characterization of the Celts, Galatians or Gauls with that of the Britons is remarkable. According to David Rankin, the crystallization of the image of these “barbarians” is due largely to the rhetorical education system, which put considerable emphasis on commonplaces learning. Following Rankin’s argument, this study aims to analyze the descriptions about the North Britons’ way of making war, comparing it with that of the so-called Celtic people of Europe. This comparison is done with the support of considerations about the role of the influence of rhetoric in history, the inventio, the ethnographic digressions and the commonplaces - using for this purpose, instructions given by ancient rhetorical manuals. The definition of commonplace, a key concept for the analysis was taken from Cicero’s manual, On Invention. Moreover, these characterizations were understood as representations, following the theory proposed by the historian Franklin Rudolf Ankersmit, who defines a representation as a three places operation.

viii, 113 p. / This thesis analyzes various literary, numismatic, and epigraphical narratives of the Roman civil war of 69CE, and the representations of the four emperors who fought in it. In particular the focus is on how the narratives and representations relate to one another. Such an investigation provides us with useful insight into the people and events of 69 and how contemporaries viewed the actors and the events. These various presentations, most notably the works of five ancient historians and biographers, give 69 the distinction of being one of the best documented years in all antiquity. Historical scholarship has typically sought to determine which of these authors was the most accurate on the points which they disagreed. These points of difference, largely subjective opinion and therefore equally valid, illuminate instead the diverse ways in which an event can be interpreted. This thesis will focus on why there is such diversity and its usefulness to the historian. / Committee in charge: Dr. John Nicols, Chair; Dr. Sean Anthony, Member; Dr. Mary Jaeger, Member

abstract: Ancient Mediterranean cultures incorporated equine iconography into their artistic repertoires, demonstrating the horse's importance not only as a beast of burden and war, but also as a visual symbol of wealth and prestige. Interaction between man and horse appears in clay as early as the third millennium BC, along with the early development of ancient Near Eastern cultures. Tactical evolution in Near Eastern warfare, particularly the eclipse of chariot forces by the rise of cavalry, coincided with the emergence of equestrian terracotta figurines and facilitated the popularity of horse and rider imagery. Cyprus' many city-kingdoms have yielded a vast, coroplastic corpus in both votive and mortuary contexts, including figurines of equestrian type. These terracottas are an important contribution to the understanding of ancient Cypriote cultures, cities and their coroplastic oeuvre. While many studies of excavated terracottas include horse and rider figurines, only a limited number of these publications dedicate adequate analysis and interpretation. Ancient Marion is one of the Cypriote city-kingdoms producing a number of equestrian terracottas that are in need of further examination. By focusing on the unpublished horse and rider figurines from Marion, this paper will add to the conversation of Cyprus' inclusion of equestrian iconography in coroplastic production. Through thorough analysis of the horse and rider terracottas, specifically their plastic and stylistic components, this thesis establishes typologies, makes visual comparisons and demonstrates Marion's awareness of an equine vogue both in contemporary Cyprus and abroad. The horse and rider figurines of Marion are an important contribution to the better understanding of the city-kingdom and exemplify the inclusion of equestrian imagery within the context of ancient societies. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Art History 2014

abstract: This study frames research on board games within a body of anthropological theory and method to examine the long-term social changes that effect play and mechanisms through which play may influence societal change. Drawing from ethnographic literature focusing on the performative nature of games and their effectiveness at providing a method for strengthening social bonds through grounding, I examine changes in the places in which people engaged in play over the course of the Bronze Age on Cyprus (circa 2500¬–1050 BCE), a period of increasing social complexity. The purpose of this research is to examine how the changes in social boundaries concomitant with emergent complexity were counteracted or strengthened through the use of games as tools of interaction. Bronze Age sites on Cyprus have produced the largest dataset of game boards belonging to any ancient culture. Weight and morphological data were gathered from these artifacts to determine the likelihood of their portability and to identify what type of game was present. The presence of fixed and likely immobile games, as well as the presence of clusters of portable games, was used to identify spaces in which games were played. Counts of other types of artifacts found in the same spaces as games were tabulated, and Correspondence Analysis (CA) was performed in order to determine differences in the types of activities present in the same spaces as play. The results of the CA showed that during the Prehistoric Bronze Age, which has fewer indicators of social complexity, gaming spaces were associated with artifacts related to consumption or specialty, heirloom and imported ceramics, and rarely played in public spaces. During the Protohistoric Bronze Age, when Cyprus was more socially complex, games were more commonly played in public spaces and associated with artifacts related to consumption. These changes suggest a changing emphasis through time, where the initiation and strengthening of social bonds through the grounding process afforded by play is more highly valued in small-scale society, whereas the social mobility that is enabled by performance during play is exploited more commonly during periods of complexity. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2016

Cette thèse prend son point de départ dans la Première Méditation de Descartes. Le fil deconducteur cartésien nous mène à la fameuse « querelle de la folie » entre Foucault etDerrida, où se pose la question du statut de la folie face au cogito et à la raison. Dansl’Histoire de la folie Michel Foucault défend l’idée que la folie se voit non seulement rejetée àl’extérieur de la souveraineté du cogito, mais également exclue de la société. Dès lors,Foucault envisage, d’un côté, les critiques du philosophe Jacques Derrida, de l’autre, cellesde psychiatres et d’historiens de la psychiatrie. En dépit de la rupture du dialogues entre lesdeux philosophes, ainsi que de l'incompatibilité des positions respectives de la philosophiefoucaldienne et de la médecine, une tentative est envisagée ici de repenser à nouveaux fraisle couple folie/raison, ainsi que le rapport de la maladie mentale à la santé. Kant nous offre,au tournant de la modernité, des ressources philosophiques permettant d’envisager cesdifficultés, et ouvre d’autre part un un chemin vers l’Antiquité, lieu d’une entente possibleentre la philosophie et la médecine. La philosophie antique nous apparaît alors comme unetradition susceptible d’enrichir des enjeux tels que le rapport de la folie à la raison, ouencore de la thérapie de l’âme à la quête de la sagesse. Nous suivons cette piste kantienne, etremontons aux pensées antiques afin de réexaminer raison et cogito dans leur confrontationà l’épreuve de la folie. / This phD takes its beginning from the interpretations of Descartes’ Meditations on FirstPhilosophy. According to Madness and Civilization of Foucault, in the Western history,madness was excluded in order to legitimate the cogito and the reason, and mad peoplewere excluded by the social forces from the end of the 18th century on. A seriousdisagreement raised between two great French philosophers, Foucault and Derrida. On theother hand, the psychiatrists attack Foucault’s abstract theory and defend their practicalknowledge. How to think about the relationship between raison and madness? Kant, as aphilosopher of modernity, offers a solution to these problems, by his vision, not yetdisconnected from the views of the antique world, where philosophy and medicine shared acommon field. From the ancient wisdom to the contemporary, this phD aims at clarifyingthe complicated relationship between the cogito and the reason, confronted as they are tothe existence of madness.

As chamadas teorias pós-coloniais iniciaram, na década de 1980, uma revisão histórica que levou ao resgate da história de povos conquistados e ao questionamento de teorias estabelecidas, como é o caso da teoria de aculturação. A arqueologia, influenciada pelas revisões pós-coloniais, começou a reformular a história do Império Romano e das províncias a ele incorporadas, entre elas, e de especial interesse no presente trabalho, as províncias estabelecidas em territórios “celtas” e no norte da Grã-Bretanha. Além de questionamentos sobre a teoria de romanização, arqueólogos como Simon James constataram que estas populações possuíam culturas de base local, mostrando que os inúmeros povos rotulados como “celtas” pertenciam a tradições múltiplas e autônomas. No entanto, a cultura popular e inclusive alguns acadêmicos divulgam uma imagem consistente de uma “civilização celta”, habitante de regiões que iam da Espanha aos Balcãs e do norte da Itália às Ilhas Britânicas, para a qual eram as similaridades e não as diferenças que importavam. Mesmo tendo permanecido por muito tempo como um povo à parte, desde a década de 1950, os pictos (ou bretões do norte) também têm sido incluídos nesta grande civilização. Porém, embora autores gregos e romanos colocassem um grande número de povos continentais antigos sob um único rótulo – celtas -, o mesmo não é verdade com relação aos antigos habitantes das ilhas britânicas: para estes, os autores utilizavam o nome bretões, diferenciando-os dos bárbaros continentais. Ainda assim, iniciada no século XVII, a construção da história de uma civilização celta, à qual os bretões (habitantes da província romana, em um primeiro momento, e, mais tardiamente, também os bretões do norte) foram incluídos, encontra suporte nos autores clássicos: a similaridade das caracterizações de celtas, gálatas ou gauleses com as dos bretões é notável. De acordo com David Rankin, a cristalização da imagem destes bárbaros deve-se, em grande medida, ao sistema de educação retórico, o qual punha considerável ênfase no aprendizado de lugares-comuns. Seguindo o raciocínio de Rankin, o presente trabalho se propõe a analisar as descrições sobre o modo de fazer guerra de bretões do norte, comparando-as com aquelas dos povos chamados de celtas do continente europeu. Esta comparação se dá ainda à luz das considerações sobre o papel da influência da retórica na história, a inventio, as digressões etnográficas e os lugares-comuns – utilizando para esse fim, as indicações de antigos manuais retóricos. A definição de lugar-comum, um conceito chave para a análise, foi extraída do manual Da Invenção, de Cícero. Além disso, essas caracterizações foram entendidas como representações, seguindo a teoria proposta pelo historiador Franklin Rudolf Ankersmit que define uma representação enquanto uma operação de três lugares. / The so-called postcolonial theories began a historical review, in the 1980s, which led to the rescue of the history of conquered peoples and to the questioning of established theories, such as the acculturation theory. Archaeology, influenced by postcolonial reviews, began to reformulate the history of the Roman Empire and of the provinces the Empire had incorporated. Among these provinces, and of particular interest in this study, the ones established in “Celtic” territories and in North Britain. In addition to questions about the Romanization theory, archaeologists as Simon James found that these people had locally based cultures, showing that countless people labeled as “Celtic” belonged to multiple and autonomous traditions. However, popular culture and even some academics disseminated a consistent image of a “Celtic civilization”, inhabitant of areas ranging from Spain to the Balkans and from Northern Italy to the British Isles, to which were the similarities, and not the differences, that mattered. Even having stayed long as a people apart, since the 1950s, the Picts (or North Britons) have also been included in this great civilization. But, although Greek and Roman authors placed a large number of ancient continental peoples under a single label - Celtic - the same is not true for the former inhabitants of the British Isles: for these, the authors used the name Britons, differentiating them from the continental barbarians. Still, started in the seventeenth century, the construction of the history of a Celtic civilization, in which the Britons (the inhabitants of the Roman province, first, and later also the Britons of the North) were included, is supported by the classic authors: the similarity between the the characterization of the Celts, Galatians or Gauls with that of the Britons is remarkable. Still, started in the seventeenth century, the construction of the history of a Celtic civilization, in which the Britons (inhabitants of the Roman province, at first, and later also the Britons of the North) were included, is supported by the classic authors: the similarity between the characterization of the Celts, Galatians or Gauls with that of the Britons is remarkable. According to David Rankin, the crystallization of the image of these “barbarians” is due largely to the rhetorical education system, which put considerable emphasis on commonplaces learning. Following Rankin’s argument, this study aims to analyze the descriptions about the North Britons’ way of making war, comparing it with that of the so-called Celtic people of Europe. This comparison is done with the support of considerations about the role of the influence of rhetoric in history, the inventio, the ethnographic digressions and the commonplaces - using for this purpose, instructions given by ancient rhetorical manuals. The definition of commonplace, a key concept for the analysis was taken from Cicero’s manual, On Invention. Moreover, these characterizations were understood as representations, following the theory proposed by the historian Franklin Rudolf Ankersmit, who defines a representation as a three places operation.

This study presents an overview of the spreading of the Protovillanovan culture on the Acropolis of San Giovenale through a typological study of the materials such as the oval huts and the ceramics of this period. Through a typological study of ceramics this study will be able to define what type of ceramic vessels are more common during the Protovillanova period. The oval huts are included in this study in order to see the size and the spreading of the proto-urban society of San Giovenale.

No description available.

Orientador: Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T13:55:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Junqueira_NathaliaMonseff_D.pdf: 7136176 bytes, checksum: 250ed51819d03a5794b88507b183eda2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Com o objetivo de apresentar novas possibilidades de se estudar as mulheres na Antiguidade Clássica, englobando as discussões da História Cultural, estudos de gênero, identidade e subjetividade dos sujeitos históricos, escolhemos como fonte dessa pesquisa a obra do historiador grego Heródoto de Halicarnasso, que escreveu Histórias no V a.C. Nossa intenção é a de analisar as passagens que selecionamos em que as mulheres são relatadas em diversas situações, procurando evidências de que esse historiador compartilharia de um ideal de mulher, a melissa, que poderia fazer parte do imaginário de uma parcela da população masculino ateniense. Ademais, contrastamos essas passagens com a representação imagética encontrada na cerâmica ática do VI e V a.C. na qual as mulheres aparecem desempenhando atividades tanto na esfera pública quanto na privada, pois essas imagens apontam para uma a vivência cotidiana das mulheres diversa desse padrão desejado. Assim, demonstramos a maneira como esse padrão de comportamento feminino aparece na nossa fonte de pesquisa e como outras práticas sociais femininas poderiam habitar o mesmo mundo imaginado para a melissa. / Abstract: Aiming at the presentation of new possibilities in studying the women in the Classical Antiquity involving the discussions of the Cultural History, gender studies, identity and subjectivity of the historical subjects, we have chosen as a source of such research the work of Herodotus from Halicarnassus, the Greek historian, who wrote "Histories" in the fifth century B.C. Our intention is to analyze the selected passages in which the women are presented in several situations, searching for evidences that this historian would support an ideal of a woman "the melissa" which could be part of the imaginary of a great deal of the Greek male population. Furthermore, we contrast such passages to the imagery representation found in the Greek pottery from sixth and fifth century B.C. In the latter, women are depicted performing activities - either in the public sphere or the private one - which differ from the expected pattern. Thus, we intend to demonstrate the way female behavior is represented in our research source and how varied feminist social practices could be present in the same imagined would for the "melissa". / Doutorado / Historia Cultural / Doutor em História