Orientador: Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T12:24:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rufino_RafaelAugustoNakayama_M.pdf: 11023080 bytes, checksum: 3e35823d92291e8f3a8997654d7e52f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A presente proposta de pesquisa se insere em uma problemática atual no campo da História e da Arqueologia sobre o mundo antigo, qual seja o estudo das apropriações modernas da Antiguidade. A uma pretensa objetividade do conhecimento histórico seguiu-se uma reação subjetivista, que coloca no centro de qualquer visão sobre o passado o autor dessa visão, que acaba por interferir diretamente no conteúdo de sua produção. Nesse sentido, a Antiguidade, como campo de pesquisa, passou a ser problematizada por um viés analítico que não a concebe por si mesma, mas levando em conta suas próprias tradições interpretativas, ligadas a diferentes interesses e momentos históricos. Nessa perspectiva, do ponto de vista temático, a pesquisa busca compreender a utilização de referencias do mundo romano pelo governo franquista na Espanha. Mais especificamente, analisa os eventos que ocorreram em torno da comemoração do bimilenário de Augusto, nas cidades de Tarragona e Zaragoza, nos anos de 1939 e 1940, respectivamente. Esse evento adquire uma importância histórica muito grande, quando se intensificam os estudos sobre o governo de Augusto e, ele próprio, é apresentado como o modelo de governante a ser seguido. Busca-se, nesse sentido, compreender certa instrumentalidade da História e da Arqueologia sobre esse período, bem como seu caráter marcadamente discursivo, na tentativa de perceber o mundo antigo de forma mais problematizada, considerando as leituras que dele se faz, leituras estas inseridas e marcadas pelo tempo presente / Abstract: This research proposal is inserted in current issue in the branch of History and Archaeology about the ancient world, which is, the study of the moderns appropriations of the antiquity. A subjectivist reaction follows to an alleged historical knowledge objectivity, which put in the center of any vision its author, who eventually interferes directly in the production's content. Thus, the antiquity, as research field, become to be problematized by an analytical bias that not conceives itself, but taking into account their own interpretative traditions, and linked to different interests and historical moments. In this perspective, form and thematic standpoint, the research seeks to comprehend the utilization of references form roman world by the Franco government in Spain. More specifically, it analyses the events which occurred around the commemoration of two thousandth anniversary of Augustus, in the cities of Tarragona and Zaragoza, in the years of 1939 and 1940, respectively. These events takes a great historical importance when the studies about the government of Augustus get intensified and himself is taking as a model of governor to be followed. Is tried, so, understand the role of History and Archaeology in this period, as well its discursive disposition, in an attempt to understand the ancient world in a more problematic view, considering the reading made of it, which is inserted and marked by this time / Mestrado / Historia / Mestre em História

Orientador: Paulo Celso Miceli / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campionas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T20:01:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martins_AdiltonLuis_D.pdf: 5243947 bytes, checksum: b6e1c40da217620640b1599cb78896e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O resumo poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: The abstract is available with the full electronic document / Doutorado / Historia Cultural / Doutor em História

Orientador: Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T13:59:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Campos_NataliaFerreirade_M.pdf: 949157 bytes, checksum: 0a36a740dc5e4f684b771304d59eac5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Essa dissertação pretende estabelecer relações entre a Antiguidade e a contemporaneidade, pensando uma história comparada da produção dessas subjetividades, através do conceito de usos do passado. Dentro dessa proposta, insere-se a amicitia (amizade) como uma das produtoras dessa subjetividade. Partindo desse pressuposto e através de três estudos de caso, serão analisadas as formas com que a amizade antiga foi reapropriada/reinterpretada por alguns discursos historiográficos atuais e como tal reapropriação promove uma aproximação ou um afastamento entre essas duas épocas. Para isso, será utilizado como fonte Cícero, por ser o principal e, muitas vezes, o único autor nos estudos dedicados à amicitia. No entanto, serão apresentadas fontes alternativas, como Plutarco, que possam trazer vozes dissonantes e contraditórias a esses estudos. Por fim, a pesquisa analisará como as diferentes perspectivas com que a amizade clássica, em especial a romana, foi tratada, influenciaram na construção de diferentes idéias e percepções dessa sociedade / Abstract: This study aims to establish relationships between Antiquity, contemporary world in an effort to make a compared history of the production of these subjectivities through the concept of "uses of the past". We have then friendship as one of the producers of these subjectivities. The study will center in the period of the Late Roman Republic and. The analysis then identifies by which means classical friendship and its rhetoric (especially amicitia) was reappropriated/reinterpreted and how this interpretation promotes either a feeling of closeness or distance between these different ages. Subsequently it develops the concepts of the roman amicitia and modern friendship as well as the values that are attached with each of them. At last, the study analyzes how different perspectives of the classical friendship, particularly the roman one, influenced in the construction of different ideas and perceptions of roman society / Mestrado / Historia Cultural / Mestre em História

This thesis examines the depiction of warfare in post-9/11 ancient world epics and assesses the extent to which these films engage with contemporary events by means of allegory and analogy. Inspired by scholarship on allegorical and analogous interpretations of 1950s-60s ancient world epics, I explore how the current cycle engages with the American socio-political landscape in the wake of 9/11, with particular emphasis on the War on Terror and ensuing conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. I chart the genre’s evolution in relation to the combat film, and examine how the current cycle of ancient world epics integrates the tropes of other genres into its portrayal of warfare, invasion, occupation and imperialism. Within this context, I explore the recurrent motif of the father-son dynamic, and assess how its use in combat films corresponds to that in ancient world epics. I also discuss how this motif was employed in 1980s Vietnam War films, and what its use in these modern epics suggests about the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Furthermore, I discuss the use of the unreliable narrator to engage with wider debates on the value of historical films compared to written history. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the ancient world epic is a malleable construct with which filmmakers can engage with the present while depicting the past. I build on existing studies of the ancient world in cinema, contributing new understanding of the current cycle’s relationship to its predecessors, to other genres, and to post-9/11 American society. In so doing this thesis contributes to notions of film as art, as industry, and as history, and how they intersect in cinematic depictions of the ancient world.

This dissertation examines ancient anchoring practice in the Mediterranean through ca. 1500 CE, as well as the history and technological developments of iron anchors, which are among the most important tools inherited from the ancient world. The methodology employed is holistic in synthesizing archaeological finds, textual, and iconographic evidence, and includes statistical and geographical analysis based on a substantial catalogue of ancient anchor finds. An experimental project is also included where anchor reconstructions were used in the sea and their utility tested. Mooring is one of the least studied aspects of everyday life for the people of the ancient Mediterranean. It has been elucidated that in most circumstances beaching would not have been a practical option, even for warships and the smallest cargo vessels. Rather, vessels were equipped with specialized gear for mooring off or near undeveloped shores. This included ship's boats enabling access to the shore. Lower draft vessels, particularly galleys, could approach unbuilt shores and employ mooring stakes and cables, and the ship's landing-ladder would be deployed into shallow water. Where available, however, ships would benefit from built quays which facilitated goods transport. The iron stock-anchor displays the greatest longevity of any anchoring tool, evinced as early as the 5th c. BCE, and appears to have achieved dominance over wooden types by the 3rd c. CE. From its conception the iron-stock anchor undergoes a broad range of gradual changes to its form and features. The earliest known finds take a 'V' form in the bulk-arms and gradually develop through rounded to 'T' and 'Y' forms in the Byzantine Period. The stocks evolve from removable iron types, to permanent forms entirely of wood. Reintroduction of upward-oriented arm designs from northern Europe around the 13th c. CE, and incorporation of hydraulic mechanized smithing developments, heralded a revolution of anchoring technology. Larger, stronger and more efficient anchors were being produced to standardized dimensions and quality, promoting larger ships, and ultimately resulting in novel characteristics of navigation.

The ancient city of Morgantina in Sicily was an important city during the Hellenistic age and probably member of a koinon (a union) under the leadership of Syracuse. Much research has been done on the city of Morgantina, but as far as I know, no study has had the aim to show what role Morgantina played in the Second Punic War. Therefore, this essay focuses on Morgantina during and after the Second Punic War (218–201 BCE). The main questions presented in this essay are what happened to the city after the war and what was the aftermath of the war? What happened to the people in the town and why were some houses abandoned and others not? To answer these questions archaeological evidence (numismatic material and buildings) as well as ancient historians’ narrations have been used (the historians used are Diodorus Siculus, Livy, Cicero and Strabo). The study argues that Morgantina might have been the last important free Greek town in Sicily (and possibly the very last) and that the city probably did not fight actively for either side, but might have provided Rome with grain and therefore taken Rome’s side.

[pt] A presente dissertação tem por objeto de estudo o processo de constituição da Ordem Terceira da Penitência de São Francisco do Recife em 1695, enquanto espaço de sociabilidade e de legitimação social dos mais prósperos homens de negócio pertencentes à comunidade mercantil emergente da praça do Recife, advindos do norte de Portugal para a capitania de Pernambuco, após o período da dominação holandesa da capitania de Pernambuco (1630-1654). Através do levantamento dos perfis biográficos dos principais dirigentes da Ordem leiga seráfica, a análise foca no processo de ascensão social desses homens considerados sem qualidade de origem e portadores de defeito mecânico, em articulação aos seus investimentos nas representações e nos seus símbolos de poder, notadamente na construção da Capela Dourada e na organização da Procissão das Cinzas, assim como às injunções políticas por eles protagonizadas, no âmbito do conflito com a nobreza da terra de Olinda, que resultaram na emancipação do Recife e na instalação da Câmara dos vereadores da nova vila, cerne do poder local no âmbito da América portuguesa. / [en] This dissertation is a study of the process by which the Third Order of the Penitents of St Francis in Recife was constituted in 1695, providing a space for the social legitimation of the more prosperous homens de negócio (traders), many of whom came from the north of Portugal, in the mercantile community which emerged in Recife in the period following the Dutch occupation of the captaincy of Pernambuco (1630-1654). Through a survey of the biographies of the principal leaders of the lay Order of Franciscans, the analysis focuses on the upward social mobility of men who were considered to be sem qualidade de origem (of poor background) and with defeito mecânico (manual labourers), their investment in symbols of power like the Capela Dourada and the Ash Wednesday Procession, and their participation the political conflicts with the nobreza da terra (landed nobility) of Olinda, which led to the autonomy of Recife and the establishment of the Câmara (municipal council) of the new vila (town), the locus of local power in Portuguese America.

The dissertation is entitled "Patronage and social mobility in the aristocracies of the Principate". Patronage is defined as a reciprocal exchange relationship between men of unequal social status (municipal patronage is excluded). The work falls into three parts. In the first the language of patronage (patronus, cliens, amicus, beneficium, etc.) is defined; the reciprocity ethic implicit in the language is described; and the spheres of social life in which the patronal ideology was applied by Romans are located. The core of the dissertation is devoted to a description of the patronage networks extending from the emperor through the imperial aristocracy to the provincial aristocracy (in particular, that of North Africa). At each level a description is offered of the economic, social and political goods and services exchanged and the types of people who entered into the patron-client relationships. Further, there is an attempt to show that the fact that Rome remained a patronal society in the Principate has broad implications: the distribution of a variety of offices and honors depended solely on patronage; senators continued to be important patrons distributing their own as well as imperial beneficia to their clients; senators and equites were bound together in a single patronal network; and patronage is perhaps the best explanation for the increasing entry of provincials into the imperial aristocracy. Traditionally it has been argued that the importance of patronage in the Principate was diminished by increasingly rigid bureaucratic machinery in which appointments and promotions were based on merit and especially seniority. Chapter three provides a demonstration that the influence of these bureaucratic criteria on senatorial and equestrian careers have been greatly overestimated and that there is no reason to minimize the effects of patronage.

Orientador: André Leonardo Chevitarese / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T12:23:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barroso_AndreLuisdosSantos_D.pdf: 3297366 bytes, checksum: 822956442c0407880288e8e72a1076cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O presente trabalho pretende repensar a datação estabelecida para o surgimento de comunidades cristãs na costa norte-africana, mais especificamente nas regiões do Egito e Alexandria, comumente estabelecida entre os séculos III e IV, com algumas ponderações para a segunda metade do século II. Tal perspectiva conta com um intenso trabalho de construção de uma teoria de análise metodológica que visa estabelecer um padrão a partir do corpus paulino e do conhecimento da documentação que estuda os centros de populações judaicas fora da região da Palestina conseqüência dos sucessivos processos de dominação. É importante notar que a perspectiva deste trabalho se ancora no fato de que quando se trata de cultura e religião antigas, em geral e de cristianismo e judaísmo antigos, no particular, só é possível um tratamento no plural, tendo em vista que estes processos comportam todas as ambigüidades que podemos pensar e, que a tentativa de homogeneizar está intimamente ligada às relações de poder que se estabeleçam na política, nas relações de gênero, estasservem à construção de práticas e posturas intolerantes e fundamentalistas. Esta pesquisa buscou baixar a cronologia de experiências "cristãs" com base na documentação,dialogando-a com a teoria de Carlo Ginzburg (1989) que trata dos paradigmas indiciários aplicado ao material neotestamentário, canônico e não canônico, bem com cartas e textos advindo do mundo politeísta / Abstract: This work intends to rethink the dating established for the rise of the Christian Communities on the North African coast, specifically in the regions of Egypt and Alexandria, commonly established between the third and fourth centuries, with some considerations for the second half of the second century. This perspective has an intense work of building a theory of methodological analysis aimed at establishing a pattern from the Pauline corpus of knowledge and documentation centers studying Jewish populations outside of Palestine region consequence of successive processes of domination. It is important to note that perspective of this work is anchored in fact that when it comes to ancient culture and religion, in general and ancient Christianity and Judaism, in particular, is only possible treatment in the plural, given that these processes involve all ambiguities and we think that the attempt to homogenize is closely linked to power relations that are established in politics, gender relations, these practices serve to build intolerant and fundamentalist attitudes. This Researchsought to lower the chronology of experiences "Christians" based on the documentation,talking to the theory of Carlo Ginsburg (1989) theory dealing with evidentiary paradigms applied to the New Testament, canonical and non-canonical material, along with letters and texts coming from the polytheistic world / Doutorado / Historia Social / Doutor em História

[pt] A presente dissertação buscou analisar uma norma bíblica, a saber, Ex 21, 28-36 respeitando o seu contexto literário, todavia buscando conhecer sua origem, natureza e interpretação no complexo mais amplo da cultura jurídica do Antigo Oriente Próximo. Com esta finalidade, foi realizada uma intensa pesquisa sobre a origem, natureza e finalidade das chamadas coleções de direito cuneiformes, a fim de comparar a norma bíblica com suas variantes nas coleções jurídicas de Esnunna e Hammurabi. A intensão de tal pesquisa foi ler a literatura bíblica em relação às outras obras literárias do Antigo Oriente Próximo. Ambas são frutos de um mesmo contexto cultural e se relacionaram mutuamente. Este trabalho exegético e comparativo demonstrou, que o círculo israelita que trabalhou a norma bíblica em Ex 21, 28-36, conheceu as variantes em CE 53-55 e CH 250- 252, porém reinterpretou as normativas de acordo com seus propósitos particulares. / [en] The present dissertation tried to carry out an analysis of a Biblical norm, that is, Ex. 21,28-36, taking into consideration specially its literary context, in order to get in touch more thoroughly with its origin, nature and interpretation in the deepest and largest context of the Jewish culture of the Near Ancient Orient. Bearing in mind such an objective, an intensive research was put into practice about origin, nature and objective of the so called collections of cuneiform rights, establishing comparisons between the biblical norms and its variations in the juridical collections of Esnunna and Hammurabi Code. The principal aim of such a research was to study the Biblical literature related to the other literary assays about Near Ancient Orient. Both are fruits from the same cultural context and they are deeply and intimately related. These exegetic and comparative assays indicated that the Israelite Circle that elaborated the biblical norm in Ex 21, 28-36, had a perfect knowledge about the variations in EC 53-55 and in HC 250-252, but they interpreted the normative forms according to their personal concerns.