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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

Lobreden, Anekdoten, Zitate Argumentationstaktiken in der Verteidigungsrede des Apuleius /

Binternagel, Alexandra. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Potsdam, 2007. / Originally issued as the author's dissertation--Universität Potsdam, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-288).
202

Argument structure in Hindi /

Mohanan, Tara, January 1900 (has links)
Diss. Ph. D.--Stanford (Calif.)--Stanford university, 1990. / Bibliogr. p. 246-259. Index.
203

Schriftliches Argumentieren in der Fremdsprache eine explorativ-interpretative Untersuchung von Interimstexten chinesischer Deutschlerner

Skiba, Dirk January 2007 (has links)
Zugl.: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2007
204

Arms Trade & Democracy : How Sweden justifies weapons exports to non-democracies.

Luboya, Amanda January 2018 (has links)
Sweden is top ranked in indexes measuring democracy, but the country is also a major weapons exporter. The contradiction is reflected upon in this paper, where Sweden as a well established democracy seems to be going against its own democratic values when exporting weapons to non-democracies. Previous research is limited and lacks sufficient explanation to why Sweden exports weapons to non-democratic states.  The aim of this study is therefore to analyze arguments behind the Swedish weapons exportation to countries with a low degree of democratic freedom. By applying Framing theory and argumentation analysis, selected statements arguing for weapons exports, expressed by Swedish government representatives have been analyzed. The justifications for weapons exportation to dictatorships have been categorized, depending on emphasis, into four frames namely; security, development, credibility and reliability. The research result showed that the most commonly used arguments to justify weapons exports to non-democracies include following; (1) There is a need of a defense industry for Swedish security reasons, (2) It is positive for international exchange and trade and (3) The rules for weapons exports are strict enough and well established in politics. The different ways of justifying the weapons export shows that the concerned Swedish government representatives frame their arguments in a way that supports their political opinion and the current government.
205

Paulus och dopet. : En analys av dopet i Romarbrevet

Iversen, Simon January 2018 (has links)
Hur använder sig Paulus av dopet i sin argumentation och vad är dopets funktion i Romarbrevet 5:12-6:14? Jag delade in Romarbrevet 5:12-6:14 i mindre delar för att kunna göra mindre analyser av Paulus argumentation. Genom att fokusera på hur Paulus argumenterar, och ta fasta på nyckeltermer kunde jag se vad som var Paulus påståenden och hur han argumenterar för dessa. Genom argumentationsanalysen har jag kommit fram till följande: Att Paulus använder sig av dopet som ett redskap för att värja sig emot anklagelser, faktiska eller påhittade som en del av retoriken i argumentationen. Dessa anklagelser som han tänkte skulle kunna uppstå från Rom 5:20, att där synden växte flödade nåden. Han tänkte sig att det skulle kunna tolkas som att de kristna inte behövde leva moraliskt. Men det är inte vad han menade, han menade att Kristus är ett friköpande från synd, att det sker genom dopet. Dopet som Paulus här menar är ett dop in i Kristus död, och att de begravts tillsammans med Kristus i dopet. Det som Paulus verkar försvara sig emot, är att de tycks finnas de som tyckte att han predikade billig nåd. Men att dö i dopet var också i en viss mening att uppstå, inte att uppstå som Kristus, utan uppstå till ett förnyat liv. Att de kristna ska vandra i ett förnyat liv, menade Paulus var att leva på ett nytt sätt där synden inte härskade i deras liv, utan där nåden ska härska. Det är frågan om en moralisk aspekt, de ska inte fortsätta leva i synd, de har dött från den. Det förnyade livet som de ska vandra i, är ett liv som inte är präglat av synd. De kristna uppmanas av Paulus att låta Gud brukar deras lemmar för rättfärdigheten och inte låta synden härska över deras dödliga kropp.           Precis som synden kom in i världen genom en människas överträdelse, så friköper dopet från synden, detta genom att de döpta dör i dopet med hänseende på synden. Detta kan ske genom en människas rättfärdiga handling, på samma sätt som en människas handling ledde till synd och död. Det som Paulus använder dopet för i denna kontext, är att visa på den gemenskap den döpta får med Kristus. En gemenskap som delar hans död, en död som var bort från synden. Paulus använder sig bara av dopet i 6:3-4, som en del av hans argumentation i vad som skulle kunna ses som rättfärdiggörelse av tro genom dopet. Att det är genom dopet som det sker, visar sig ganska tydligt då Paulus använder sig av formulering ἐβαπτίσθημεν εἰς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν εἰς τὸν θάνατον αὐτοῦ ἐβαπτίσθημεν, att de som har blivit döpta in i Kristus Jesus, har blivit döpta in i hans död. Paulus argumenterar för att gemenskapen de får tillsammans med Kristus är genom dopet, dopet är funktionen som gör att de delar hans död och får ett förnyat liv, som ska präglas av moral. Men det är också en gemenskap i eskatologisk mening, att de ska uppstå från de döda. Dopet blir som en länk mellan synd och rättfärdighet, där Adam står för synden och Kristus för rättfärdigheten, genom en människas överträdelse kom synden som människan får dela, men genom en människans rättfärdiga handling, får människan ett frikännande och evigt liv genom dopet.
206

De por qué en la filosofía importan los ejemplos

Fermandois, Eduardo 09 April 2018 (has links)
On Why in Philosophy Examples Matter”. The purpose of the article is to show the need of using examples in philosophy, associating to them four functions: to illustrate, explain, argue and show. Among other assertions, we attempt to justify the following: a) Examples are, as well as illustrations, evidences;such that what may be seen as an act of didactic generosity may be considered properly as the response to an always possible demand. b) The introduction of philosophical concepts requires frequently a mutual cooperation between definition and example; the need of the latter in conceptual explanation is condoned by a reflection on the following of rules. c) A certain overrating of the counterexample and underrating of the example are tokens of a notion of philosophy put hereinto question. d) In Wittgenstein and other authors, a little heeded function of some examples is detected: of showing an alternative way of viewing the matter, of re-describing ancient philosophical themes. Towards the end, the issue of theexample is assumed –this time– as an example of a more general issue: that of the relation between rhetoric and philosophy. / El objetivo es mostrar la necesidad del uso de ejemplos en filosofía, a partir de cuatro funciones que con ellos cabe asociar: ilustrar, explicar, argumentar y mostrar. Entre otros planteamientos, se busca justificar los siguientes: a) Los ejemplos son, a la vez que ilustraciones, evidencias; así, lo que suele ser visto como un acto de generosidad didáctica, puede considerarse más propiamente la respuesta a una siempre posible exigencia. b) La introducción de conceptos filosóficos requiere muchas veces de una mutua cooperación entre  definición y ejemplo; la necesidad de este último en la explicación conceptual es avalada por una reflexión sobre el seguimiento de reglas. c) Una cierta sobreestimación delcontraejemplo y subestimación del ejemplo son muestras de una concepción de filosofía que aquí se pone en cuestión. d) En Wittgenstein y otros autores se detecta una función poco estudiada de algunos ejemplos: la de mostrar un modoalternativo de ver un asunto, la de redescribir antiguos temas filosóficos. Hacia el final, el tema del ejemplo es tomado, a su vez, como ejemplo de un tema más general: el de la relación entre retórica y filosofía.
207

Argumentação/polifonia nas anáforas encapsuladoras / Argumentation/Polyphony within anaphoric encapsulation

Mesquita, Lívia de Lima January 2011 (has links)
MESQUITA, Lívia de Lima. Argumentação/polifonia nas anáforas encapsuladoras. 2011. 163f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2011. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-26T12:32:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_tese_llmesquita.pdf: 877056 bytes, checksum: b1bb99790dc57052c273abe1e23b2cb0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-26T12:52:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_tese_llmesquita.pdf: 877056 bytes, checksum: b1bb99790dc57052c273abe1e23b2cb0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-26T12:52:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_tese_llmesquita.pdf: 877056 bytes, checksum: b1bb99790dc57052c273abe1e23b2cb0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / The Thesis describes argumentation within encapsulated anaphors based on Semantic Blocks Theory (SBT) (CAREL, 1995; DUCROT & CAREL, 1998) and Polyphony (ANSCOMBRE e DUCROT, 1998; DUCROT e CAREL, 2008) approaches. The study assumes the hypothesis that SBT is an appropriate model to describe argumentative functions of encapsulated anaphors, since it approaches to phenomena as meaning (semantics) and sense (pragmatic) implicated in argumentation within any kind of language in use. Therefore since encapsulated anaphors comprehend doxa and paradox enchaining, the study investigates the argumentative strategy that is interior and ulterior to such expressions linguistic system, by describing their function of utterer’s approximation and distance from the evaluated statements. It argued on the axiological value notion, resulting that the very argumentation, inner to language, updates an axiological value in encapsulated anaphoric expressions, so that both concepts can be gathered in a unique notion for argumentation. Finally, the study took into account that assimilation and utterer’s attitude (assumption, according, opposition) within encapsulated portions can express different leveled evaluative functions. Such attitudes set levels of compromise from utterer in the concerning to the utterance, but all of them are axiological mechanisms. The result for discussions in the research points to the impossibility of describing argumentative functions a priori for encapsulated anaphors, since it is only within text articulation – and more properly within enchaining, target of assimilation of any attitude – that encapsulated anaphors can be dispositive for a polyphonic-argumentative strategy. / Esta Tese descreve a argumentatividade das anáforas encapsuladoras à luz da Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos - TBS (CAREL, 1995; DUCROT e CAREL, 1998) e da Teoria da Polifonia (ANSCOMBRE e DUCROT, 1998; DUCROT e CAREL, 2008). Partimos da hipótese de que a TBS constitui modelo apropriado para descrever as funções argumentativas das anáforas encapsuladoras, uma vez que aborda, em seu âmbito, os fenômenos de significação (semânticos) e de sentido (pragmáticos) envolvidos na argumentação em quaisquer esferas da língua posta em uso. Além disso, tendo em vista a particularização, nas anáforas encapsuladoras, de encadeamentos doxais ou paradoxais, investigamos a estratégia argumentativa interior e ulterior ao sistema linguístico subjacente a essas expressões, descrevendo-lhes a função de aproximação ou afastamento do locutor em relação aos enunciados avaliados. Discutiu-se ainda a noção de valor axiológico, resultando que a própria argumentação, inerente à língua, redunda na atualização de um valor axiológico nas expressões anafóricas encapsuladoras, constituindo os dois conceitos numa só noção de argumentação. Por fim, foi encontrado que a assimilação e as atitudes do locutor (assunção, concordância, oposição), nas porções encapsuladas, podem exprimir funções avaliativas em diferentes níveis. Essas atitudes estabelecem níveis de comprometimento do locutor com o enunciado, mas constituem, todas elas, mecanismos axiológicos. O resultado das ponderações aponta para a inadequação de se descrever funções argumentativas a priori para as anáforas encapsuladoras, visto que é apenas na articulação textual e, mais propriamente, no encadeamento, fruto de assimilação ou de alguma atitude do locutor, que as anáforas encapsuladoras podem ser dispositivo para uma estratégia argumentativo-polifônica.
208

Analyse argumentative et structurelle des éditoriaux du journal le monde / Structural and Argumentative Analysis of the Le Monde Editorials

MARŠÁKOVÁ, Alžběta January 2013 (has links)
The diploma thesis deals with textual analysis, their methods and subsequent aplication of these mehods within the methods of newspapers´ editorials of journals Le Monde and Lidové noviny. The aim of the thesis is the analysis of editovals from the point of view of their structure and argumentation and specification and functioning of means used for argumentation. The thesis is divided into the part practical and theoretical. The first part deals with the general characteristics of newspaper´s editorial, as the type of communication and methods of textual analysis. The practical part is dedicated to its own analysis of editovals from the point of view of their structure and functioning of individual means of argumentation.
209

YASUKUNI SHRINE: A CASE FOR UNDERSTANDING THE AXIOLOGICAL BASIS OF THE IDEOLOGICAL DISCOURSE IN SINO-JAPANESE RELATIONS

Lewinski, Roland 27 October 2016 (has links)
This thesis concentrates on the partial reconstruction of the axiological basis at the core of the ideological – nationalistic disputes between China and Japan. The recent history of Sino-Japanese international relations is analyzed in order to show how nationalistic incentives became the rational political choice in the domestic policy of both countries. The research, concerned primarily with history, memory, and historical memory, is based on the argumentation used by the People’s Daily, an extension of the People’s Republic of China’s political line, in regard to Yasukuni shrine and Japanese Prime Minister Abe Shinzo’s visit to the shrine in 2013. The final purpose of this thesis is to analyze the dialectical argumentation, and by comparing both country’s sentiments, to explain the role of nationalism in their current bilateral relations.
210

Relações argumentativas entre topoi e lei de inferência / Argumentative relationship between topoi and inference law

Mesquita, Lívia de Lima January 2006 (has links)
MESQUITA, Lívia de Lima. Relações argumentativas entre topoi e lei de inferência. 2006. 117f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2006. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-19T17:27:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_llmesquita.pdf: 818515 bytes, checksum: fcd541e979eb0768f39f9a80c95de77a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-19T17:40:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_llmesquita.pdf: 818515 bytes, checksum: fcd541e979eb0768f39f9a80c95de77a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-19T17:40:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_llmesquita.pdf: 818515 bytes, checksum: fcd541e979eb0768f39f9a80c95de77a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / The present study suggests a connection of Text Linguistics and Argumentative Semantics, since it is related to a common phenomenon to both areas: argumentation. Our primary aim was to argue on the argumentative relation of topos (ANSCOMBRE & DUCROT, 1995) and inference law (ADAM, 1992) within prototypical argumentative sequence, and the manifestation of polyphony and presupposition indexes as well as modifiers to determine these terms’ orientation. Besides, it was purposed to: a) investigate, based on the theoretical presuppositions of Anscombre and Ducrot (1983) and Adam (1992), the sort of relation between topos and inference law in the passage from P. Arg. 1 to P. Arg. 3 within the prototypical sequence, since Adam (1992) presents this position of inference law related to the passage of both of such macropropositions; b) evaluate polyphony orientation and the employment of presupposition and modifiers indexes as facilitators to the selection of concordant and discordant Topic Forms; c) examine whether the type of macroproposition facilitates direct or indirect topos raise; d) take inference law off its macropropositional status within prototypical argumentative sequence, as Adam (1992; 2004) proposed. Due to this research’s purpose, it was operative the hypothesis that there is not an inference law in prototypical argumentative texts, as well as in any text. Nevertheless, there is a semantic relation among argumentative words, which constitute data, which lead to conclusions. Such relation of data and conclusion raises discourse shared, general and gradual common places called topoi. To prove our hypothesis, this study argues on the argumentative relation of topos and inference law within the prototypical argumentative sequence, considering as well polyphony, presupposition and modifier indexes to determine this relation terms’ orientation. In addition, it uses an exemplary of prototypical argumentative sequences to exemplify discussed phenomena. / O presente estudo propõe uma aproximação entre a Lingüística Textual e a Semântica Argumentativa, ao tratar de um fenômeno comum a diversas áreas de estudo: a argumentação. Nosso objetivo principal foi discutir a relação argumentativa entre topos (ANSCOMBRE e DUCROT, 1995) e lei de inferência (Adam, 1992) na seqüência argumentativa prototípica e a manifestação das marcas de polifonia, pressuposição e dos modificadores para determinar a orientação desses termos. Além disso, nos propusemos a: a) investigar, à luz dos pressupostos teóricos de Anscombre e Ducrot (1983) e de Adam (1992), o tipo de relação existente entre topos e lei de inferência na passagem de P. arg.1 para P. arg.3 na seqüência argumentativa prototípica; b) avaliar a orientação polifônica, bem como a manifestação das marcas pressuposição e dos modificadores como conducentes à seleção de determinadas formas tópicas concordantes ou discordantes; c) averiguar se o tipo de macroproposição favorece o aparecimento de topoi diretos ou indiretos. A necessidade de investigar a relação entre a orientação tópica e o tipo de macroproposição surgiu da constatação preliminar de que na macroproposição conclusão o topos era geralmente indireto. Por isso, nos propusemos a fazer essa intersecção aqui e; d) discutir o estatuto macroproposicional da lei de inferência na seqüência argumentativa prototípica, condição proposta por Adam (1992). Trabalhamos, em virtude de nossos propósitos, com a hipótese de que não há uma lei de inferência em textos argumentativos prototípicos ou em qualquer outro tipo de texto, mas, sim, uma relação semântica entre palavras argumentativas, que constituem dados que, por sua vez, favorecem conclusões. Essa relação entre os dados e a conclusão origina lugares comuns do discurso, compartilhados, graduais e gerais, denominados topoi. Para testar essa hipótese discutimos a relação argumentativa entre topos e lei de inferência na seqüência argumentativa prototípica, levando em conta também a contribuição da orientação polifônica, bem como das marcas de pressuposição e dos modificadores para determinar a orientação dos termos dessa relação, a lançar mão de um exemplário de seqüências argumentativas prototípicas para exemplificar os fenômenos discutidos.

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