There is a need for supplemental reference material of an in-depth, specific nature to suggest methods of general application to the novice film director. Because film production is such a highly collaborative art, craft, and business with limited opportunities open to beginners, the novice director can benefit a great deal from the documented experiences of another. This study will provide insight into the practical role of the film director in motion picture production. In this way, this study can influence directorial practice in a positive manner by offering a forewarning of potential production challenges and help the novice to avoid similar pitfalls as well as to capitalize on any successes realized. This study will characterize some important attributes a director may find it helpful to develop in facilitating his work with artistic, technical, and administrative specialists. This study also suggests means by which a filmmaker can work with producers and clients in making a film for a specific persuasive purpose. In doing so, it will suggest possible methods of defining a film's intent, methods of realizing this intent through the various production phases of scripting, filming, and editing, and methods of evaluating the success in conveying the intent to the target audience.

The voices of the autodiegetic narrator and its character counterpart in Boy Erased: A Memoir by Garrard Conley enter the debate around the ontology of voice in literary texts. Using this debate, I will provide an analysis of the voices in this memoir in order to prove the importance of assuming a voice for the narrator, to compensate for speech silenced through discourses and social contexts. The social contexts and discourses that surround the main character silence his speech, to the point that it can be actively used to control even the private self, as gay conversion therapy tries to do. This dangerous silence leads to a need to finally be heard, which is provided through the ontologically silent voice of the narrator. This evolvement of the character to the narrator is the reason why voice and the way it allows for heard speech is essential.

Syftet med denna studie var att få en inblick i hur barnen ur ett genusperspektiv ser på de leksaker och lekar som de leker i den fria leken på förskolan. Empirin har samlats in från två olika förskolor, en som ligger i en tätort och en som ligger ute på landsbygden där sammanlagt 10 barn har medverkat. Eftersom arbetet fokuserar på barns perspektiv, valdes intervju samt observation som metod för att samla in empirin. Intervjun valdes för att visa barnens perspektiv medan observationerna skulle belysa barnens val i den fria leken. Intervjuerna spelades in för att sedan transkriberas och kategoriseras. Resultatet av den insamlade empirin visade på att barnen både gjorde val som gick inom de normer som finns i samhället, samtidigt som dem även hade gränsöverskridandet synssätt. Resultatet visade även att man kunde se de vuxnas synsätt i en del av barnens val. / The purpose of this study was to gain an insight into how children from a gender perspective look at the toys and games they play in the free play in preschool. Empirin has been collected from two different preschools, one located in an urban area and one located in the countryside where a total of 10 children have participated. Since the work focuses on children's perspectives, interview and observation were chosen as the method for collecting the empirical data. The interview was chosen to show the children's perspective, while the observations would shed light on the children's choices in free play. The interviews were recorded and then transcribed and categorized. The results of the collected empirical evidence showed that the children both made choices that went within the norms that exist in society, while at the same time they also had cross-border views. The results also showed that one could see the adults' views in some of the children's choices.

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This study had two main purposes. Its first is to test the theoretical proposition that there is a carry-over into other systems of behavior as a result of group cohesion. For example, as scouting activities increased, Aaronic Priesthood activities increased. And according to the reference group theory, individuals join reference groups to fulfill certain needs, wants, goals, etc. In an active Boy Scout program many of these needs, wants, and goals are satisfied as the boys participate in the activities outlined by the Boy Scouts of America. Furthermore, once these needs are satisfied, change toward conformity tends to carry over into other systems of behavior.

El objetivo principal de esta tesis fue identificar y analizar las capacidades institucionales de la Asociación de Scouts del Perú (ASP) por medio de un diagnóstico organizacional y de esta manera, proponer acciones de fortalecimiento. Para la realización de este estudio se levantó información tanto a nivel primario como secundario a través de la lectura de documentos y la realización de entrevistas, cuestionarios y encuestas que permitieron conocer la percepción de los actores miembros de la ASP, tanto a nivel directivo como a nivel de voluntariado. Dicho trabajo de campo se realizó a nivel de todo el Perú poniendo énfasis en la sede central de Lima, debido a su gran concentración de voluntarios miembros de la ASP. En la primera parte se determina el marco teórico en el que se sustenta la tesis. La segunda parte de este trabajo describe el diseño de investigación utilizado. Una tercera sección corresponde a la presentación, análisis e interpretación de los datos recogidos. Dicha sección ha sido dividida en capítulos, cada uno de los cuales hace referencia a las capacidades organizacionales de: conducción, organizacional, comunicacional y de gerencia interna de recursos humanos de la ASP. Cada una de estas capacidades institucionales ha sido analizada según los indicadores establecidos para dicho análisis y se presentan los respectivos hallazgos encontrados durante la recolección de información. A continuación, en la cuarta parte se alcanzan las conclusiones finales sobre lo analizado. Finalmente, en las recomendaciones, se sugiere considerar la implementación de una propuesta de fortalecimiento de capacidades institucionales para la ASP. / Tesis

Colonization, which has resulted in the direct contact between the black man and the white man, leaves behind it an eternity of realities, of questioning and even an identity crisis. It was imposed on Africans by means of force, leaving no room for the concept of balance, equality or even of brotherhood. Instead you are faced with the concept of dominance between oppressors and oppressed. During colonization the white man had managed to impose its superiority to the black man by creating an absolute hierarchy: the white man is the all-powerful, the civilized, the absolute master of all, it is superior to all indigenous black; the black man, in the opposite, is found stripped of its roots, its customs, its history, in short it is found lower than the white man. In this work it was question to analyze the process of the demystification of the white man by the black man through Ferdinand Oyono’s Houseboy. We should then, through a study of this novel and other materials, show how this demystification is highlighted. By analyzing this novel and Toundi building his life the kingdom of the West, which will enable him to see more clearly in the behavior of its masters and demystify as well their universalist claims that their claims to the humanism ; we understand then the process and the circumstances which have enabled this demystification. The white man is debunked. Its superiority and its all-powerful are rendered to zero by the degradation of morals characterizing its way of life.

La Fédération des scouts catholiques de la province de Québec fut fondée en 1935. Elle possédait un objectif exigeant : former des hommes, des chrétiens et des citoyens. Plus encore, elle se proposait de former des chefs aptes à influencer la société canadienne-française. Bien que chapeauté par l’Église catholique, le mouvement scout laissait aux laïcs une place prépondérante. Le scoutmestre (SM) et le chef de patrouille (CP) étaient les deux principaux chefs laïcs de la troupe scoute. Ils étaient respectivement en charge de la troupe (24 à 32 jeunes) et de la patrouille (6 à 8 jeunes). Le CP était lui-même un jeune scout. Par eux transitaient les idéaux et les systèmes de représentation inculqués aux jeunes. Ils devaient être formés adéquatement pour leur charge. Plus que de simples compétences de meneur, leur formation visait à leur transmettre un véritable rapport au monde : l’idéal du chef scout. Ce mémoire examine la méthode scoute prônée par la Fédération, tout en la nuançant avec le vécu de chefs et de jeunes scouts dans quatre troupes outremontaises. L’effet de la Révolution tranquille sur la représentation traditionnelle du chef scoute sera aussi abordé. / The Quebec Federation of catholic scouts was founded in 1935. Its goals were demanding: it proposed to train men, Christians and citizens. Moreover, it intended to train leaders who could influence the French-Canadian society. Although headed by the Catholic Church, the Francophone Quebec scout movement was in fact dominated and directed by laymen. The Scoutmaster (SM) and the Patrol Leader (PL) were the two main lay leaders of the scout troop. They were respectively in charge of the troop (24-32 youths) and the patrol (6-8 youths). The PL was a young scout himself. The ideals and system representations conveyed to youths were transmitted through the SM and PL. They needed to be trained appropriately to respect their commitment. Beyond the regular competencies of a leader, their training proposed to transmit nothing less than an authentic dealing with the world: the ideal of Scoutmaster. Taking the scout method recommended by the Federation as a formal background, this dissertation analyses its true life actualization by Scoutmasters and Patrol Leaders of four Outremont troops. The impact of the Quiet Revolution on the traditional representation of the boyscout leader is also examined.

This thesis is focused on the child's status in ancient Egyptian society, mainly deals with the context of the family. It examines the child education and development. The aim was to provide a different view of the child's status in ancient Egyptian society. For this reason, the knowledge of psychology and social work, which examine interpersonal relationships on a different level than the historical sciences was employed. The conclusion is that the status of children in ancient Egypt has been good, because the Egyptian company reported strong social conscience, which both protect the child in the family, and beyond.

Este trabalho trata do pensamento social conservador na modernidade brasileira contemporânea. O texto parte de uma análise da bibliografia consagrada sobre conservadorismo, modernidade contemporânea e brasileira, analisando suas categorias fundamentais e colocando-as em contraste com uma análise empírica do pensamento social de um grupo de indivíduos conservadores imersos na modernidade brasileira: o movimento escoteiro no Brasil. As conclusões indicam que o fenômeno do pensamento conservador brasileiro segue uma lógica própria, de um conservadorismo progressista, distinto daquele encontrado em outros países europeus e anglo-saxônicos. / This dissertation deals with the conservative social thought in contemporary Brazilian modernity. The text begins with a review of the literature devoted about conservatism and contemporary Brazilian modernity, analyzing its key categories and contrasting to an empirical analysis of social thought in a conservative group immersed in Brazilian modernity: the boy scout movement in Brazil. The conclusions indicate that the phenomenon of conservative thought in Brazil follows its own logic: a \"progressive conservatism\" as distinct from that one found in other European and Anglo-Saxon countries.