The objective of the current study is to explore and identify the Critical Success Factors (CSFs), which impact upon the effective implementation of Human Resource Development (HRD) initiatives in support of nationalisation, and to recommend a model for practical application and future research. Accordingly the study focused on identifying and analysing the various factors in the localisation of a workforce with regard to five broad categories, namely: national level factors, organisational (policies and practices related) factors, organisational (HR related) factors, individual level (expatriate and experienced staff related) factors and individual level (UAE national related) factors. The data for the study was collected using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative methods were used to develop an in-depth case study of the Emiratisation process in an oil and gas organisation, as well as for identifying the critical success factors to be included in the survey questionnaire for collecting the quantitative data. The results of the study indicated that the critical success factors identified in the study are part of a complicated reality and need to be managed to ensure success of the localisation of a workforce. The mean scores obtained on the various factors differed significantly across the organisations or sub groups of respondents used in the study. This indicates that the impact of various factors that facilitate or constrain the localisation efforts are highly contextual and organisation specific. The findings of the study revealed valuable insights that could enrich not only future research in the area, but also the practical application of HR tools and methods to support the localisation process. The current study also developed a model for practical application and future research in the area. The model identified the role of HR strategies and tools as critical for managing the CSFs and ensuring the success of the process of localisation. The model developed in the current study also emphasises the need to define the 'success' of localisation in much broader terms, by addressing complex issues such as, employee morale and motivation, expectations of all employees, including expatriates and so forth, rather than just focusing on the number of UAE nationals employed and their competencies. The current study also identified some of the limitations of the study and highlighted suggestions for future research.

Purpose: Sustainability and sustainable manufacturing has grown in importance in recent years, and more legislation and demands are put on organizations to show how their operations affect the environment. Life cycle assessment is a proactive and efficient sustainability tool to report a company’s effects on the environment. Nevertheless, life cycle assessments of products and organizations are complex and require significant resources. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate what potential barriers can occur within the initial acceptance phase when implementing life cycle assessment in the manufacturing industry. Method: This research project is a single case study of a Swedish manufacturing company. The theory was deduced from literature where eight internal factors influencing the implementation of tools and systems created a foundation for data collection and analysis. Five semi-structured interviews and unstructured observations have been conducted to collect empirical data. Findings: Nine second-order themes of factors influencing the project as barriers have been identified that construct the three aggregate dimensions ̈Lack of management support ̈, ̈Lack of resources ̈, and ̈Lack of interdepartmental coordination ̈. From the empirical findings, it is also suggested that the three aggregate dimensions are interrelated. The interrelationships are later used to find three change suggestions to mitigate the barriers by using the relationships between the dimensions and targeting as many barriers as possible. Namely, ̈educate top management ̈, ̈enhance the education of project participants ̈, and ̈spend more time on project planning ̈. Implications: This study provides a deeper and more detailed understanding of different barriers within the initial acceptance phase of a project. It also gives further insights into various interrelationships between barriers and how one dimension can influence the other in both positive and negative ways. Furthermore, this study's findings can guide managers and practitioners in preparing for a project aiming to implement a tool or a system. Limitations: As in all interpretative research, the interpretations of the empirical data are based on subjective thoughts influenced by the researcher’s positionality, the relationships with the participants, and preconceived perceptions. Furthermore, this research project is a single case study, and the results apply to this case. The findings cannot be statistically generalizable, meaning that the theories and themes created in this report should not be seen as absolute truths but instead as suggestive theories within the field.

Införandet av ett informationssystem är en vanlig strategi för att kunna öka konkurrenskraften i företagets verksamhet med syftet att stödja och effektivisera verksamheten. En typ av informationssystem är ett Treasury Management System som kan effektivisera företagets hantering av finansiell information. Att införa ny teknik är dock en utmaning och införandeprocessen kan vara kritisk för att systemet ska vara möjligt att användas framgångsrikt. Införandet av ett Treasury Management System är inget undantag, det är ofta en komplex process med omfattande finansiella data där kritiska affärsprocesser hos kundföretaget behöver bearbetas. Även brist på utbildning, kunskap och kommunikation är vanliga problem som kan kopplas till relationen mellan kundföretaget och systemleverantören. Avsaknaden av en god relation mellan kund–systemleverantör kan i många fall resultera i att införandet misslyckas. För att nå ett framgångsrikt införande av Treasury Management System är det därför viktigt att förstå vilka faktorer i relationen mellan kund–systemleverantör som kan bidra till en framgångsrik införandeprocess. Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats i informatik är att identifiera och beskriva faktorer i en kund–systemleverantörsrelation som bidrar till en framgångsrik införandeprocess av ett Treasury Management System. Fallstudiemetoden har tillämpats och en litteraturstudie har genomförts. Utifrån litteraturstudien har en analysmodell upprättats. Primära empiriska data har samlats in genom utförda semistrukturerade intervjuer via Google Meet. Fem intervjuer har utförts med anställda på fallföretaget Nordkap och tre av dess kundföretag. Uppsatsstudiens tre viktigaste slutsatser är: kommunikationen mellan kund– systemleverantör är avgörande för att införandeprocessen ska bli framgångsrik. Kundens engagemang spelar stor roll för att användarutbildning och kommunikationen ska fungera och därmed bidrar det även till en framgångsrik införandeprocess. För att uppnå en framgångsrik införandeprocess är det av stor vikt att etablera en tydlig och gemensam målsättning som omfattar hela införandeprocessen och som återspeglar kundföretagets förväntningar på både systemet och införandet. Kunskapsbidraget från denna genomförda studie är en variabel: Engagemang, samt tre indikatorer: Grad av engagemang, Omfattning av tillgängliga resurser och Grad av gemensamt språk, som har lagts till i en modifierad analysmodell under studiens slutsatskapitel.

Studier visar på att Agila IT-projekt har en större lyckandegrad än traditionella IT-projekt där ett mer vattenfallsorienterat arbetssätt anammats. Trots att den agila approachen i många avseenden har bidragit till att fler projekt anses framgångsrika är det långt ifrån alla projekt som färdigställs i tid, inom budget och till rätt kvalité. Sedan det agila manifestet utgavs i början av 2000-talet har en rad faktorer, såsom kundinvolvering och teamets förmåga, identifierats som avgörande för agila IT-projekt. Trots att de inom teorin i stor utsträckning råder konsensus kring dessa så kallade framgångsfaktorer är forskningen begränsad när det kommer till effekterna av dessa framgångsfaktorer och relationen mellan framgångsfaktorer och effekter. Problemet som denna studie syftar till att adressera är således avsaknaden av en konkretisering av effekter kopplade till framgångsfaktorer för agila IT-projekt och hur dessa relaterar till varandra. För att adressera detta problem, är syftet med studien att utforska och kartlägga kritiska framgångsfaktorer inom agila IT-projekt. För att sedan undersöka de effekter som respektive faktor medför och dess inverkan på projektframgången. För att samla in data, genomfördes totalt fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer, hos SEB Kort AB, Pulsen Omsorg AB och IT avdelningen hos Högskolan i Borås. Respondenterna som intervjuats besitter praktiskt erfarenhet och kunskap av agila- och traditionella utvecklingsmetodologier. Bland respondenterna återfinns roller som Scrum Master, Release Train Engineer, Project Manager och System Developer. Intervjumaterialet transkriberades och analyserades. Analysen av befintlig teori och de empiriska fynden resulterade i en framgångsmodell bestående av organisatoriska, mänskliga, process och tekniska framgångsfaktorer tillsammans med dess tillhörande effekter. Resultatet från studien och den föreslagna modellen kan vara användbart för studenter, yrkessamma och organisationer som önskar få en ökad förståelse för kritiska framgångsfaktorer inom agil mjukvaruutveckling och vilka effekter dessa faktorer medför. Likaså kan modellen fungera som inspiration för framtida forskare som vill forska vidare i denna riktning.

As one result of the higher expected lifespan and lower fertility rate, an aging society has become an inevitable trend in many countries worldwide. According to the prediction of the newest census outcomes, China will confront an aging society around2022. An aging society requires the development and improvement of the domestic elderly care system to match the increasing caring need for all the aging people in China. This research aims to explore the critical success factors for a typical community-based aging care project – the Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) in China from the perspectives of private developers. Based on the theory of the decision-making environment and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), qualitative method (semi-structured interviews) and quantitative method (questionnaire survey) are applied to collect and analyze the potential Critical Success Factors. Twenty-five critical success factors are identified and verified for China’s CCRC projects and categorized into three components. Furthermore, most private developers’ attitudes toward CCRC in China are positive and believe in a bright outlook. The findings might help private developers better understand the decision-making environment of developing and operating a CCRC in China. It may also inspire policymakers with more practical policies for the future development and operation of CCRC projects in China. / Som ett resultat av den högre förväntade livslängden och lägre fertiliteten har ett åldrande samhälle blivit en oundviklig trend i många länder världen över. Enligt förutsägelsen av de senaste folkräkningsresultaten kommer Kina att möta ett åldrande samhälle runt 2022. Ett åldrande samhälle kräver utveckling och förbättring av det inhemska äldreomsorgssystemet för att matcha det ökande omsorgsbehovet för alla åldrande människor i Kina. Denna forskning syftar till att utforska de kritiska framgångsfaktorerna för ett typiskt samhällsbaserat åldrandevårdsprojekt - Fortsatt vårdpensionsgemenskap (CCRC) i Kina ur privata utvecklares perspektiv. Baserat på teorin om beslutsmiljön och teorin om planerat beteende (TPB) tillämpas kvalitativ metod (semistrukturerade intervjuer) och kvantitativ metod (enkätundersökning) för att samla in och analysera potentiella kritiska framgångsfaktorer. Tjugofem kritiska framgångsfaktorer identifieras och verifieras för Kinas CCRC-projekt och kategoriseras i tre komponenter. Dessutom är de flesta privata utvecklares attityder till CCRC i Kina positiva och de tror på goda framtidsutsikter. Resultaten kan hjälpa privata utvecklare att bättre förstå den beslutsfattande miljön för att utveckla och driva ett CCRC i Kina. Det kan också inspirera beslutsfattare till mer praktisk politik för framtida utveckling och drift av CCRC i Kina.

Faculdade Cearense / A implantaÃÃo de modelos de GestÃo pela Qualidade (GQ) tem sua origem em instituiÃÃes da iniciativa privada e pesquisas mostram que a GQ à uma forma de gestÃo que conduz a melhoria da qualidade dos processos produtivos dentre outros resultados ExperiÃncias de implantaÃÃo de GQ no setor pÃblico sÃo mais escassas e em especial quando se trata de InstituiÃÃes de Ensino Superior (IES) os exemplos de implantaÃÃo sÃo raros A realizaÃÃo de pesquisas que investiguem as causas desse fenÃmeno nas IES pode contribuir para a definiÃÃo de aÃÃes que possam reduzir nesse cenÃrio dentro dessa linha de pesquisa O objetivo desse trabalho à uma investigaÃÃo dos fatores crÃticos que afetam o processo de implantaÃÃo da GestÃo pela Qualidade em IES dos setores pÃblico e privado Como metodologia de pesquisa foi aplicada uma pesquisa qualitativa onde a partir de um questionÃrio estruturado e aberto aplicado Ãs unidades de ensino das IES pÃblica e privada que tiveram suas experiÃncias de implantaÃÃo de GQ Dessa forma foram realizadas anÃlises dos fatores crÃticos que afetaram essa implantaÃÃo A pesquisa revelou que ocorreram fatores de sucesso na implantaÃÃo da GQ nas IES pesquisadas tais como o comprometimento dos serviÃos tÃcnico-administrativos / A implantaÃÃo de modelos de GestÃo pela Qualidade (GQ) tem sua origem em instituiÃÃes da iniciativa privada e pesquisas mostram que a GQ à uma forma de gestÃo que conduz a melhoria da qualidade dos processos produtivos dentre outros resultados ExperiÃncias de implantaÃÃo de GQ no setor pÃblico sÃo mais escassas e em especial quando se trata de InstituiÃÃes de Ensino Superior (IES) os exemplos de implantaÃÃo sÃo raros A realizaÃÃo de pesquisas que investiguem as causas desse fenÃmeno nas IES pode contribuir para a definiÃÃo de aÃÃes que possam reduzir nesse cenÃrio dentro dessa linha de pesquisa O objetivo desse trabalho à uma investigaÃÃo dos fatores crÃticos que afetam o processo de implantaÃÃo da GestÃo pela Qualidade em IES dos setores pÃblico e privado Como metodologia de pesquisa foi aplicada uma pesquisa qualitativa onde a partir de um questionÃrio estruturado e aberto aplicado Ãs unidades de ensino das IES pÃblica e privada que tiveram suas experiÃncias de implantaÃÃo de GQ Dessa forma foram realizadas anÃlises dos fatores crÃticos que afetaram essa implantaÃÃo A pesquisa revelou que ocorreram fatores de sucesso na implantaÃÃo da GQ nas IES pesquisadas tais como o comprometimento dos serviÃos tÃcnico-administrativos / The implementation of quality management models (GQ) has its origin in private sector institutions and research shows that GQ is a form of management which leads to improvement of the quality of the productive processes among other results QA deployment experiences in the public sector are more scarce and in particular when it comes to higher education institutions (HEIs) deployment examples are rare Research to investigate the causes of this phenomenon in the INSTITUTIONS of HIGHER EDUCATION can contribute to the definition of actions that can reduce in this scenario within this line of research The objective of this work an investigation of critical factors that affect the implementation process of quality management in INSTITUTIONS of HIGHER EDUCATION of the public and private sectors As research methodology qualitative research was applied where from a structured questionnaire and open applied to the units of public and private INSTITUTIONS of HIGHER education which had their deployment experiences / The implementation of quality management models (GQ) has its origin in private sector institutions and research shows that GQ is a form of management which leads to improvement of the quality of the productive processes among other results QA deployment experiences in the public sector are more scarce and in particular when it comes to higher education institutions (HEIs) deployment examples are rare Research to investigate the causes of this phenomenon in the INSTITUTIONS of HIGHER EDUCATION can contribute to the definition of actions that can reduce in this scenario within this line of research The objective of this work an investigation of critical factors that affect the implementation process of quality management in INSTITUTIONS of HIGHER EDUCATION of the public and private sectors As research methodology qualitative research was applied where from a structured questionnaire and open applied to the units of public and private INSTITUTIONS of HIGHER education which had their deployment experiences

Study of the critical factors for TQM implementation throughout the years, and longitudinal analysis of secondary quality winners of prestigious awards such as the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA), is important. The longitudinal analysis in this research will enable verification that there are generic critical factors (CFs) for TQM implementation and generic critical areas of measurement (CAM) that if implemented fully and successfully will deliver excellence. Also, it will enable verification that these generic CFs help to ensure sustainable performance and this could help in answering how excellent organisations sustain their performance constantly. By studying what excellent organisations measure and what they place emphasis on throughout the year, the study will document measurements that have been used to sustain excellence and will consider empirically how these have led to tangible results over a period of twenty years; the study will examine MBNQA winners from 1988 until 2008. Finally, an excellence maturity assessment tool 'assessment software' was developed as result of examining winning case studies over a long period of time, lists of critical factors of implementation (CFI) and critical areas of measurement (CAM) were extracted and used accompanied by the EFQM Excellence Model, and Zairi's two model 'Index of Excellence' and 'Ladder of Excellence'. This formed the basis of the assessment tool developed; companies through this will be able to understand their level of excellence implementation and their position compared to world class organisations.

non / Statistics in the 2008 World Leasing Yearbook showed that China’s leasing volume was only US$5.35 billion for the year 2006, lagging far behind that of other high-GDP countries. However, leasing in China did experience extraordinary high growth rates over the past few years and seems to have ample room for growth in the future. As we know, each industry has its own set of critical success factors (CSFs) and a match between these factors and a firm’s strengths may ensure the firm’s successful performance. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to explore CSFs for leasing in China and explain the major influences behind these factors. This research is analyzed based on the PEST analysis framework and Porter’s five forces model. The CSFs identified in this study can provide guidelines to develop leasing in China as well as for those planning to enter China’s leasing market. Based on the findings, the business environment for leasing in China, though better than it has ever been, still leaves much to be desired. For leasing to further develop, the following CSFs must be handled with care: Public awareness and understanding; An enabling legal framework; Credit risk management capabilities; Diversified funding sources; Qualified and well-trained staff; A vibrant second-hand equipment market, and Information technology infrastructure and know-how. The identified CSFs also lead to several strong policy recommendations. Among these are the following: Embarking on campaigns promoting leasing; Passing the Financial Leasing Law as soon as possible; Removing tax disincentives to leasing; Establishing a national credit information center; Providing funding support and credit guarantee schemes in favor of SME leasing; and Strengthening information technology infrastructure. Without improvement of these critical elements, the outlook for China’s leasing sector may not be so promising after all.

Transport Policy in the United Kingdom from the 1950s to the early 1990s has been focused on increasing car use at the expense of investment in public transport services and infrastructure. This has culminated in a poorly integrated public transport network that has seen continued decline in use outside of London. The Competition Act (1998) has exacerbated this, as public operators risked prosecution if they were seen to collaborate. A policy shift in 1998 introduced the concept of Local Transport Plans, Organisational Travel Plans and Quality Partnerships as local policy tools for developing and implementing travel solutions using the planning process. Travel Plans today are viewed by the UK Government as a local delivery tool for transport policy, inspired by the successes in Europe and the United States in changing individual travel behaviour, where the Smart Growth Agenda has emerged as a mass transit based planning response to urban sprawl. In the UK, success in delivering significant modal shift away from private car use has seen limited success, hence the rationale for this research. Using this wider policy context, this research uses the University of Hertfordshire as a case study with the objective to research the development and implementation processes of a Travel Plan. The research conducts a review of travel behaviour within the case study, providing recommendations for implementing alternative interventions to car-based travel. Making use of national policy tools, using insights from both Smarter Travel / Smarter Choice agenda, the research includes the development process of a complex city wide Quality Partnership – a delivery mechanism for travel behaviour change incorporating multiple stakeholders. This thesis uses an embedded and reflective critical realist approach to researching Travel Plans from the perspective of a Travel Plan Coordinator. Through applying a multi-method dimension to empirical data collection, the use of structured quantitative commuter surveys, semi structured qualitative interviews and supporting secondary data sources are all utilised. Using such an approach provides the research with the flexibility for reporting complex social and empirical data, including the researcher’s embedded reflective insights throughout the process. An evaluative matrix ‘lens’ has been developed for reporting back the multitude of factors, including identifying Critical Success Factors and Key Performance Indicators that underpin the success or failure of such travel planning approaches. The research culminates in the development of a Travel Plan for the University of Hertfordshire and a voluntary Quality Partnership for the City and District of St Albans. A conclusion is drawn based on the unique perspective of an embedded reflective researcher as an active practitioner in the field of travel planning. In order to be successful a Travel Plan should feed into the wider quality partnership structures for mutual benefit where multiple stakeholders are able to influence the development of interventions at the local level, which could lead to significant travel behaviour changes. It is argued that this will ultimately help Travel Plans and quality partnerships achieve their key performance objectives and help meet government policy agenda.

政府資料開放(Open Government Data, OGD)已成為全球電子治理趨勢之一，其帶來開放透明、參與和創新的潛在價值。資料開放幾乎己經是一種不可抵抗的趨勢，資料開放行動不應僅有中央視角，更應緊密聯結於城市規劃，以用於解決城市問題。地方政府推動資料開放政策仍面臨眾多挑戰，採取的行動策略會影響政策推展。為了順利推動並減少阻礙，找出影響地方政府在推動資料開放的關鍵成功因素，是目前地方政府首要思考的課題。 是以本研究旨在瞭解政府資料開放政策之成功因素，建構地方政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素架構雛型。新北市由於其在系統整合的經驗以及資料釋出態度的轉變，故本研究以新北市作為個案，以實務觀點與經驗更為適切地提出政府資料開放之關鍵成功因素架構。藉由文獻回顧國內外影響政府資料開放的因素，建立政府資料開放關鍵成功因素的初步架構，並以深度訪談方式瞭解新北市政府資料開放政策脈絡，蒐集受訪者對於政府資料開放關鍵成功因素之建議，以此為基礎進行架構的修正。最終本研究提出以政策環境基礎作為支持的政府資料開放循環流程，該流程包括資料開放計畫、資料開放準備、資料開放、資料使用、回饋與檢討等5個階段。針對政府資料開放循環流程中不同階段的目標，每階段下有各自相對應的關鍵因素，共計28項因素的政府資料開放關鍵成功因素架構，並針對各項關鍵因素提出之說明與建議，提供地方政府推動資料開放政策之參考。 基於前述研究過程與訪談結果，本研究發現新北市政府推動仍面臨許多挑戰，影響資料開放所帶來的成效不清。這些挑戰來自於政策路徑與規劃、組織管理以及民間溝通與聯結面向，彼此間相互有所關聯，也反映出所需強化之關鍵成功因素。本研究也從新北市推動經驗，提出對地方政府強化資料開放政策之建議，並給予後續研究發展的相關建議。 / Open Government Data (OGD) has become one of the main tendencies for E-governance in the world. OGD offers tremendous potential value for transparency, participation and innovation. Open data has almost become an inexorable trend. In addition, Open data initiatives are not only for central government but also local government, and it should be closely linked with city planning and used to solve city issues. However, local government faces many challenges in open data initiatives. Due to the influence on policy implementation from adopting strategies, it is important for local government to find out Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for open data initiatives in order to promote open data initiatives and remove barriers. This article presents a case study of the open data initiatives in the New Taipei City area, where the government has experience with system integration and the rapid release of open data. The main purpose of the research is to explore the phenomenon of empowering through open data at the local level and propose a holistic framework of CSFs for open data which assist the local government identifies the key issues. By reviewing related literatures and conducting interviews, the study proposed a framework of CSFs for open data with five stages (in terms of planning, readiness, disclosure, use and feedback) and resulted in a list of 28 success factors. The ranking of the success factors is taken into account by the order in which they are presented, mapped onto the Open Data Process. Also, the list of success factors might be helpful for local government to have an indication of what they should focus on. Based on the interviews, there are still some barriers need to be overcome and the results of open data remain unclear in New Taipei City. These challenges come from three major facets: policy roadmap, organizational management and civic communication. Besides, these challenges correlate with each other, and they also reflect on the necessity of strengthen CSFs by local government. Based on the experiences from New Taipei City, the final section of the study provides ways of advancing the open data initiatives with recommendations and researcher reflexivity.