Diploma thesis deal with health and healthy lifestyle and is focused on nutrition and eating older school pupils. The theoreticial part of the thesis is focused on key concepts of the topic, that is health and healthy lifestyle, the thesis deals with the topic of nutrition related to health, eating habits, body weight - malnutrition, overweight and obesity. The thesis is focused for eating in school canteens. The main goal of the thesis was using the survey questionnaire to analyze of attitudes of pupils at primary school doctors Františka Ladislava Riegra in Semily in terms of healthy lifestyle and eating habits. Another goal was the assessment of school meals in school canteens and the observation of pupils during meals at the primary school. Keywords Health, Style of life, older school age, nutrition, eating habits, school canteen

Thesis deals eating habits of children from 12 to 15 years of age and possibilities of the treatment are being considered. Over the last year, the children obesity has increased rapidly and caused an individual a lot of health problems. I tis not only a question of the cosmetic imperfection. The obese children suffer mainly from mental, physical and, in adulthood, socioeconomic difficulties. The prevention against obesity and its treatment lies in the increased physical activity and in the principles of healthy eating. The aim of this paper is to refer to the danger of the mass occurence of the obesity in children and adults in the Czech Republic and make the public familiar with a possibility of the rational nutrition and with the connections in the change of life style.

The title of this oliploma work signifies that it treats the nutrition issue of people falling unaler generation 50 plus. The topic was focused on the eating habits and drinking reginen with people at the range from 50 to 65 years of onge. The research tends to generation 50 plus acceptance and willingness to adapt to the diet arrangements. The question of health education and the attitude to the rational nutrition in this generation has also been mentioned. We should pay more attention to these points of issue because nutrition generally has a great number of impacts on the agring process of organism and therefore on the quality of people´s old age, too. This work tends to find out how generation 50 plus has faced up to taking meals according to the rules of the rational nutrition.

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Mudanças em modos de vida têm sido observadas junto aos agricultores quilombolas e não quilombolas no Vale do Ribeira, trazendo reflexos diretos à alimentação das famílias, bem como ao modo de uso da terra para fins alimentares. A agricultura em pequena escala é uma prática comum nas unidades de conservação no bioma Mata Atlântica, configurando diferentes realidades quanto à segurança alimentar das populações residentes nessas áreas de conservação ambiental. Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se explorar a relação entre modos de vida e segurança alimentar em duas comunidades agrícolas em duas unidades de conservação de uso sustentável, a Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Quilombos da Barra do Turvo e da Área de Proteção Ambiental Planalto do Turvo, que fazem parte do Mosaico de Unidades de Conservação do Jacupiranga, Vale do Ribeira, SP. Os métodos usados para a coleta de dados incluíram questionário estruturado, recordatório 24 horas, sendo visitadas 48 unidades familiares, 24 em cada unidade de conservação. Dados secundários referentes ao cadastramento oficial do ITESP e da gestão de ambas UCs também foram consultados e sistematizados. Foram identificadas as atividades de subsistência que geram recursos alimentares e financeiros, os ambientes de obtenção das mesmas; os hábitos alimentares e verificados contrastes quanto ao consumo de alimentos. Atividades geradoras de alimentos contribuem para a segurança alimentar especialmente na RDS Quilombos, comunidade com maior grau de envolvimento com as práticas agroalimentares quando comparada a APA Planalto do Turvo. Diferenças significativas quanto à composição da dieta entre os grupos pesquisados não foram constatadas nesta pesquisa, indicando que não existem períodos de insegurança alimentar. Os resultados deste estudo reforçam a importância da agricultura contribuindo para a segurança alimentar, concluindo que a prática de produção agroalimentar na RDS e na APA não contradiz a premissa dessas unidades de conservação e contribui para a manutenção da segurança e a soberania alimentar. Embora esse equilíbrio seja frágil, podendo se desestabilizar devido a fatores como diminuição da mão de obra e baixa produtividade, pode-se considerar que a segurança e soberania alimentar foram confirmadas, uma vez que observou-se não haver insegurança alimentar junto aos grupos investigados. / Changes in lifestyle have been observed in the quilombolas and no quilombolas families in Vale do Ribeira-SP, bringing direct reflections in their feed habit, as well as the use of land in order to food purpose.Small-scale agriculture is a common practice in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest biome, configuring different realities on the food security of people in these areas of environmental conservation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between lifestyle and food security in two agricultural communities in two protected areas of sustainable use, the Sustainable Development Reserve Quilombo Barra do Turvo and Environmental Protection Area Plateau Nublado, part of the Mosaic Jacupiranga of Conservation Units, Vale do Ribeira, SP. The methods used for data collection included structured questionnaire and visit to 48 families, 24 in each protected area. Secondary data relating to official registration and management of ITESP and UC were consulted and systematized. Subsistence activities were identified that generate food and financial resources, as well as their production environment and the eating habits. Also was verified contrast in food consumption. Food generating activities contribute to food security especially in RDS Quilombos community which is the most expressive in the agricultural food practices when compared to APA Planalto do Turvo. Significant differences in diet composition between the groups surveyed were not found in this study, indicating that there are no periods of food insecurity. The results of this study reinforce the importance of agriculture contributing to food security. Concluding, the agricultural food production practice in the RDS and in the APA does not contradict the premise of these protected areas and contributes to the maintenance of security and food sovereignty. Although, this balance is fragile and may become unstable due to factors such as reduced labor and low productivity. Beside this, it can be considered that it was confirmed, since there was no food insecurity along the investigated groups.

Submitted by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2017-10-10T22:30:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇAO JULIO THOME.pdf: 1047008 bytes, checksum: 4e9746314e2b28ff944bb677bb12cbc7 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com), reason: Arquivo errado on 2017-10-10T22:34:15Z (GMT) / Submitted by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2017-10-11T11:38:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO VALERIA OLIVEIRA.pdf: 5269063 bytes, checksum: ae3b61290c130a22cbf619a068514ef6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2017-10-11T11:38:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO VALERIA OLIVEIRA.pdf: 5269063 bytes, checksum: ae3b61290c130a22cbf619a068514ef6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-11T11:38:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO VALERIA OLIVEIRA.pdf: 5269063 bytes, checksum: ae3b61290c130a22cbf619a068514ef6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Instituto Brasileiro de Educação Continuada (INBEC) para Arquitetos e Profissionais de Saúde / Universidade Federal Fluminense. Laboratório de Novas Tecnologias de Ensino / A presente investigação foi elaborada a partir das inquietações como profissional nutricionista na aproximação com os conceitos das Ciências Sociais na dimensão dos hábitos alimentares. Considerou as dimensões cultural e social dos alimentos, com o objetivo de conhecer os hábitos alimentares dos professores de Educação Infantil, como espaço de Educação, entre os possíveis caminhos, no bojo do período de transição nutricional que vivemos em nosso país. Na metodologia de pesquisa optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa com a técnica da entrevista semi-estruturada com o exercício de remeter os entrevistados às suas memórias de infância em família e suas relações com os alimentos, contextualizando seus hábitos alimentares no presente, com suas compreensões sobre: seleção e consumo de alimentos, alimentos naturais e industrializados e a influência da mídia. As categorias de pesquisa foram construídas pelos núcleos de sentido que nortearam os recortes de suas falas, organizando as temáticas. Os professores de Educação Infantil na relação de consumo de alimentos convivem com dilemas sobre as escolhas, já que mantêm um conflito entre os prazeres da comida e a valorização da relação saúde e alimento, além de seus comportamentos sofrerem avaliações como exemplos para crianças e famílias / This research was compiled from the concerns as nutritionist professional in the approach to the concepts of social sciences in the dimension of eating habits. Considered the cultural and social dimensions of food, in order to know the eating habits of childhood education teachers, as a space for education, possible paths, in the midst of the nutritional transition period that we live in our country. In the research, the chosen methodology was qualitative research with the technique of semi-structured interview with the exercise of the respondents remembering their childhood memories with the family and their relationship with food, contextualizing their eating habits in the present, with their understanding of: selection and consumption, natural and processed foods, and the influence of the media. The categories of research were built by units of meaning that guided the clippings of his speeches, organizing themes. The Early Childhood Education teachers in the food consumption ratio live with dilemmas about the choices, since maintaining a conflict between the pleasures of food and the appreciation of the relationship between health and food, as well as their behavior suffer assessments as examples to children and families

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Considering the growing concern about the rising rates of obesity in children and adolescents, as well as changes in eating habits, it is necessary to adopt preventive and awareness measures for better quality of life and to implement proper eating habits. For this, multidisciplinary science teaching becomes a key element to help increase nutritional knowledge and change unhealthy eating habits. Thus, school becomes a privileged space to develop health promotion. Teachers have undergone a process of continuing education during the research, this allowed them different interactions with new pedagogical strategies that were used, thus providing they appropriated them. The training provided to teachers to reflect on their practice, resulting in the quality of that education and how it is taught, as well as opportunities for the exchange of experiences, leading changes in their teaching behavior. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the advancement of knowledge through nutritional health habits, such as nutritional status, level of nutrition knowledge and dietary practices of primary schools through strategies that allowed to approach these issues in the teaching of school subjects. The research is a case study held in the city of Santa Maria/RS, with students from 6th to 9th grade of a public state school, totaling 175 students. A survey was conducted in order to gather data on body mass index (BMI), weight, height, sex, age, eating habits and nutrition information. From the results obtained, it can be observed that there was an improvement in the nutritional status, as well as in the levels of nutritional knowledge. However, it was also that noticed that the habit of skipping meals is common among students. Therefore, it was verified the importance of creating adequate spaces so that the necessary changes in nutritional status and obesity prevention can occur, in order to achieve so, it is necessary to involve school, families, and community through educational strategies for heal promotion. / A preocupação com o aumento dos índices de obesidade em crianças e adolescentes, além das mudanças nos hábitos alimentares, torna-se necessária a adoção de medidas de prevenção e conscientização para uma melhor qualidade de vida e adoção de hábitos alimentares corretos. Para isso, o ensino multidisciplinar se torna peça-chave para auxiliar no aumento sobre conhecimentos nutricionais e na mudança de hábitos inadequados. Assim, a escola torna-se um espaço privilegiado para trabalhar a promoção da saúde. Os professores passaram por um processo de formação continuada no decorrer da pesquisa, isso possibilitou a eles interações com novas estratégias pedagógicas diferentes das que estavam habituados, proporcionando assim que eles se apropriassem das mesmas. A formação proporcionou aos docentes a reflexão sobre sua práxis, resultando na qualidade daquilo que é ensino e como é ensinado, além de oportunizar a troca de experiências, permitindo a mudança em seu comportamento pedagógico. Neste sentido, o principal objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o avanço do conhecimento nutricional através de hábitos de saúde, tais como estado nutricional, nível de conhecimento de nutrição e práticas alimentares de escolas primárias por meio de estratégias que permitiram abordar estas questões no ensino das disciplinas escolares. Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado na cidade de Santa Maria/RS, com escolares do 6º ao 9º ano de uma escola estadual pública, totalizando 175 alunos. Foi realizado um levantamento de dados sobre índice de massa corporal (IMC), peso, estatura, sexo, idade, hábitos alimentares e informações nutricionais. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se observar que ocorreu uma melhoria quanto ao estado nutricional, assim como dos níveis de conhecimento nutricional. Porém, notou-se também que a prática de omitir refeições é frequente entre os escolares. Portanto, verificou-se a importância da criação de espaços favoráveis para que ocorra alteração do estado nutricional e prevenção à obesidade, para isso, é necessário envolver escola, família e sociedade através de estratégias educativas de promoção da saúde.

This research study addressed the nutritional beliefs and habits of African-American parents of children aged 3 to 6 years old. Both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods were employed. Quantitative data was collected via the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire as well as a demographic questionnaire. Qualitative data was collected from oral interviews conducted by the researcher. Seventy-five parents or guardians participated in the study. Findings for the research questions revealed the participants' beliefs about nutrition directly correlated with food they provided for their children and most believed nutrition rather than genetics played a role in their child(ren)'s weight. Furthermore, parents from lower income families consumed more home cooked meals per week and those with higher incomes did not consume more fast food per week. Food intake restriction and control in feeding was similar among all participants, regardless of restriction and control in feeding was similar among all participants, regardless of education or income level. Suggestions for future research were included.

Carotenoides são considerados substâncias bioativas e seu consumo tem sido associado à prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Os carotenoides com atividade pró-vitamínica atuam no combate à hipovitaminose A. O objetivo desta dissertação foi descrever a ingestão de carotenoides, destacando a contribuição do consumo fora do domicílio, de acordo com fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos e estado nutricional, além de identificar as principais fontes alimentares presentes na dieta da população brasileira. Utilizou-se como base de dados as informações integrantes do bloco de consumo alimentar pessoal, da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF 2008-2009), realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), que envolveu 34.003 indivíduos com idade de 10 anos ou mais. Um banco de dados foi construído para viabilizar o cálculo das quantidades (médias) de carotenoides presentes na dieta dos participantes da amostra. Foram utilizadas principalmente informações contidas na base Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 23 - United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) e a Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Carotenoides em Alimentos. Foram elaboradas análises estatísticas descritivas envolvendo o cálculo de ingestão de carotenoides no domicílio e fora dele e as variáveis selecionadas. O consumo médio per capita foi de 4.117,0 µg/dia para carotenoides totais e 2.337,9 µg/dia para os pró-vitamínicos A. As maiores médias de ingestão de carotenoides (totais; pró-vitamínicos) foram identificadas entre os seguintes grupos: mulheres (4.245,8 µg/dia; 2.458,9 µg/dia), moradores do meio urbano (4.143,2 µg/dia; 2.364,20 µg/dia), habitantes da Região Sul (4.987,6 µg/dia; 2.948,9 µg/dia), idosos (4.694,3 µg/dia; 2.853,8 µg/dia), indivíduos com os maiores rendimentos (5.596,7 µg/dia; 3.236,6 µg/dia), com curso de pós-graduação completo (7.009,7 µg/dia; 4.143,5 µg/dia), de cor amarela (5.692,7 µg/dia; 3.436,9 µg/dia) e aqueles classificados com os maiores Índice de Massa Corporal - IMC (4.445,1 µg/dia; 2.535,0 µg/dia). Constatou-se que a contribuição fora do domicílio representou até ¼ da ingestão total de carotenoides. Observou-se que os indivíduos do sexo feminino, idade acima de 60 anos e obesos, embora ingerissem maiores quantidades destas substâncias, integraram os grupamentos que (em relação ao total) apresentaram menor participação na ingestão fora do domicílio. O crescimento da renda e da escolaridade foi fundamental para proporcionar níveis mais elevados de consumo. As principais fontes de carotenoides na dieta da população brasileira foram: salada, suco, alface, tomate, mamão, melancia, abóbora, batata-doce, cenoura, milho verde e ovo de galinha. Fora do domicílio prevaleceu a ingestão dos três primeiros alimentos/preparações. Os níveis de ingestão revelaram-se expressivamente inferiores aos preconizados como seguros. Medidas de incentivo ao consumo de frutas, verduras, legumes e seus derivados (fontes de carotenoides), sobretudo entre os jovens, são necessárias e prioritárias, especialmente com vistas à prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e no combate à hipovitaminose A. / Carotenoids are considered bioactive substances and its consumption has been associated to prevention of chronic non communicable diseases. The carotenoids with pro-vitamin activity act against hypovitaminosis A. The aim of this dissertation was to report the carotenoids intake, highlighting the contribution of outof- home food consumption, accordingly with socioeconomic and demographical factors, nutritional status, also to identify the main food sources in the diet of Brazilian population. A secondary data from the 2008-2009 Household Budget Survey - POF - was used, published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The sample consisted of 34,003 study subjects (13,569 households), with at least 10 years-old. A database was built to allow the calculation of quantities (average) of carotenoids in the diet of study participants. Information was used primarily by the Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 23 - United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Brazilian Table of Carotenoids Composition in Food. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for calculation of carotenoid intake at home and out-of-home consumption. The average daily consumption per capita was 4,117.0 µg/day for total carotenoids and 2,337.9 µg/day for provitamin A carotenoids. The highest average intake of carotenoids (total; provitaminic) was found between the following groups: women (4,245.8 µg/day; 2,458.9 µg/day), urban dwellers (4,143.2 µg/day; 2,364.20 µg/day), South region population (4,987.6 µg/day; 2,948.9 µg/day), elderly people (4,694.3 µg/day; 2,853.8 µg/day), high-income individuals (5,596.7 µg/day; 3,236.6 µg/day), with full graduate degree (7,009.7 µg/day; 4,143.5 µg/day), yellow skinned person (5,692.7 µg/day; 3,436.9 µg/day) and those classified with highest Body Mass Index (BMI) (4,445.1 µg/day; 2,535.0 µg/day). The out-ofhome contribution found in this present study represented up to ¼ of the total intake of carotenoids. It was observed that individuals over 60 years, female and obese people, although ingested larger amount of these substances, belonged to the groups (in relation with total) which showed less interest in out-of-home eating. The increase in income and education was essential to provide higher levels of consumption. The main dietary carotenoids sources of Brazilian population were: salad, juice, lettuce, tomato, papaya, watermelon, pumpkin, sweet potato, carrot, corn and chicken egg. The consumption of first three food/preparation prevailed outside the home. The intake levels showed expressively lower than those recommended as safe. Policies to promote the consumption of fruits, vegetables and derived products (carotenoids sources) are necessary and priority, particularly among young people, especially aiming to prevent the risk of chronic diseases and combating hypovitaminosis A.

1 ABSTRACT The prevalence of overweight and obesity is constantly growing all over the world. Not only adults, but also children and adolescents are affected by this increase. The development of overweight or obesity in childhood represents a rather significant health risk that extends to adulthood. Both being overweight and being obese causes various secondary diseases, e.g. type II. diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. That is why the attempts to stop the increase of prevalence of overweight and obesity emerged in recent years. The attempts to stop these tendencies are aimed especially at children and adolescents, who carry the habits developed in childhood even to their adult life. In order for these attempts to be successful, one needs to have at their disposal information about the contemporary status and factors, which influence the development of overweight and obesity. The primary prevention ought to be concentrating on these factors. The survey, which was created in the questionnaire form, was conducted in primary schools and on the lower grade of grammar schools in Prague and its surroundings. 1897 questionnaires were distributed throughout the whole year; 366 were given back and out of these 225 questionnaires belong to girls and 141 to boys. This thesis focuses on the issues of the diatery,...