Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, August, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Adilson José Ruiz / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T06:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Neptune_NordahlChristian_D.pdf: 1352842 bytes, checksum: 9d7ad827c4901910648a1320b02e4df1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A televisão pública no Brasil constitui o objeto central da Tese. O objetivo é avaliar possíveis alternativas que viabilizem sua sustentabilidade econômica e cultural; modelos de negócio, formas de financiamento e fomento. Um marco histórico para a televisão brasileira foi a criação, em 2007, da EBC - Empresa Brasil de Comunicação, a qual é subordinada a TV Brasil, cuja missão é coordenar, efetivamente, a primeira Rede Nacional de Televisão Pública (RNTP), composta por emissoras do campo público federal, estadual e municipal. Os Decretos e Leis da Constituição Federal, que regem o sistema público de radiodifusão no País são insuficientes e a maioria obsoleta. Além de ampla revisão no marco regulatório do setor, é necessário definir com clareza as regras de gestão, modelos e funções para os três sistemas televisivos: o estatal, o público e o privado. Entre os recursos utilizados na metodologia da pesquisa estão os registros orais (congressos, seminários, palestras, fóruns), os textuais (revisão de literatura, livros, revistas, jornais, anais, teses, dissertações, artigos, decretos, leis e pesquisas a documentos recentes) e os audiovisuais (TV, vídeo e internet) / Abstract: Public Television in Brazil is the central subject of the Thesis. The objective is to evaluate possible alternatives that enable its economic and cultural sustainability; business models, ways of financing and promotion. A milestone in the history of Brazilian television was the creation in 2007, of EBC - Empresa Brasil de Comunicação, witch is subject to TV Brasil, whose mission is to coordinate effectively the first Rede Nacional de Televisão Pública (RNTP), consisting of broadcasting stations at the level of country, state and county. Decrees and Laws of the Federal Constitution, governing the public broadcasting system in the country are insufficiently and the majority obsolete. In addition to extensive revision in the regulatory sector, it is necessary to clearly define the management rules, models and functions for the three television systems: the state, public and private. Among the resources used in the research methodology are the oral (records courses, congress, seminars, lectures, forums, workshops), the textual (e-mails interviews, literature review, books, magazines, journals, annals, theses, dissertations, articles, decrees, laws and searches of recent documents) and the audiovisual (TV, video and internet) / Doutorado / Artes Visuais / Doutor em Artes

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In 1972, an instructional television (lTV) course entitled Clothing and Man was formulated by the Clothing, Textiles and Related Art Department in cooperation with the Learning Resources Center at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Discussion groups and a course outline were developed to aid students in learning the required subject matter presented by the lTV lectures. Through these components, and others such as the course syllabus, stated objectives, slides, and textbooks, a systems approach to lTV has been developed. As a component part of a system in this form of educational technology, instructional television is more likely to be an efficient tool for learning. lTV has worked best when it was used as an integral part of the learning activities (Chu & Schramm, 1967; Diamond, 1964). An orientation to learning with television lecture (Hutchinson, 1973) was developed specifically for the course to aid students in studying the subject matter. In the present format of the course, the orientation lecture precedes the presentation of the television lectures. / Master of Science

This study explored the evolution of Denton's VHF educational television assignment Channel 2, from its inception on April 14, 1952, to September 2, 1977. The problem was to discern why the channel remained inactive for twenty-five years. Chapters explore the attempts of broadcast interests to acquire control of the channel, and discuss why they were unsuccessful. The study concludes that a lack of finances, combined with the apathy and self-interests of Denton's educational leaders, prevented the channel's utilization. Federal Communications Commission policy allowed Denton's educators more time to raise money for a Denton station. Other conclusions suggest that the channel not be reassigned and that it be activated.

Cette recherche porte sur les usages de l’audiovisuel éducatif par les enseignants. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre théorique de la sociologie des usages, pour autant, l’objet de recherche au cœur de cette thèse est au croisement de l’audiovisuel et des enjeux éducatif. Il s’agit donc de développer une approche communicationnelle des outils et médias éducatifs, telle que la définit Pierre Moeglin (2005). La première étape de ce travail consiste à mettre en évidence les éléments qui configurent l’usage, notamment du côté des acteurs : nous proposons une archéologie de l’audiovisuel éducatif, puis nous revenons sur l’offre actuelle en matière d’audiovisuel éducatif et plus particulièrement sur lesite.tv, premier service numérique de vidéo éducative à la demande. La deuxième étape se focalise davantage sur les usages à proprement parler. Après avoir étudié l’utilisation du site.tv au moyen de données quantitatives, nous observons dans quelle mesure les représentations que les concepteurs se font des usagers participent de la configuration des usages. Ces derniers sont analysés à travers le discours d’enseignants usagers et non-usagers, via une série d’entretiens compréhensifs. Les portraits d’usagers, puis l’analyse transversale des entretiens, permettent d’évaluer les «renoncements négociés » qui se manifestent à travers l'usage de l'audiovisuel. Somme toute, cette recherche interroge la tension que l’usage de l’audiovisuel éducatif instaure entre logiques éducatives et médiatiques. Il convoque à ce titre les enjeux relatifs à une certaine industrialisation de l’éducation ; et du côté audiovisuel, les perspectives relatives aux écritures transmédiatiques. / This research focuses on the uses of educational audiovisual by teachers. It falls within the theoretical framework of the sociology of uses, however, the research object at the heart of this work is at the intersection of audiovisual and educational issues. Therefore, it aims to develop a communicationnal approach of educational tools and media, as defined by Pierre Moeglin (2005). The first stage of this work tries to highlight the elements that configure the use, regarding the side of actors. First, we propose an archeology of educational audiovisual, then, we return to the current offer in terms of educational audiovisual and specifically on the content proposed by the first digital educational video on demand for teachers, lesite.tv. The second phase focuses more on the uses itself. After studying the use of lesite.tv, using quantitative data, we see how far the representations of designers are part of the user configuration uses. These are analyzed through the speeches of users and non-users teachers, within a series of comprehensive interviews. The realization of som user’s portraits and cross-sectional analysis of the interviews, allows to evaluate the "negotiated renunciations" that occur within the class, regarding to the professional identity of teachers, refering to public and private spheres and, finally, facing the so called "digital conversion". Overall, this research questions the tension that the use of educational audiovisual established between educational and media logics. It carries as such issues related to the industrialization of education ; and towards audiovisual, transmedia prospects.

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da TPA - TV Pública de Angola fazendo-se um paralelo com outros modelos de TV pública no Brasil, na Alemanha, nos Estados Unidos e na Inglaterra. Para atingir o objetivo da pesquisa, a presente dissertação começa com uma pesquisa sobre a história de Angola, desde antes da colonização portuguesa até os dias de hoje. Em seguida relatamos a evolução dos meios de comunicação naquele país africano, dos jornais à Internet, com maior ênfase na TPA. Os capítulos seguintes relatam características de programação, capacitação profissional e relações com a sociedade da TV pública angolana. A conclusão estabelece um paralelo entre a TV de Angola e outros modelos de TV pública. / This dissertation analyses the TPA TV Pública de Angola Public Television of Angola, building a parallel with different standards of public TV in Brasil, Germany, United States of America and England. To arrive at the main object of the research, the text starts with a research abour Angolass history, since before Portuguese domination until nowadays. Just after that, we present a evolution of Angolas mass communication midia, from newspapers to Internet, given more emphasis on TPA. The following chapters explain about program board, crews professional capacitation and relationship with Angolass society. The conclusion make a parallel betwen the TPA and different standards of public TV around the world.

Esta tese procura fazer um breve percurso na história de duas emissoras públicas latinoamericanas a TV Brasil e a Señal Colombia -, com ênfase nas mudanças de gestão, decorrentes de suas vinculações aos governos. Pesquisamos suas trajetórias para demonstrar as descontinuidades nos processos de gestão e buscamos entender, em uma revisão bibliográfica, a noção de televisão pública, um conceito em crise e em disputa. Por se definirem como emissoras educativas e culturais, investigamos o que representa esse binômio e como estas se apresentam institucionalmente, usando esses significados como indispensáveis na formação da cidadania. Optamos por traçar paralelos, apontando diferenças e similaridades entre as duas emissoras, ao invés de um estudo comparativo, respeitando as diferenças socioculturais e históricas de cada país. / This thesis aims to review the history of two Latin American public broadcasters - TV Brasil and Señal Colombia focusing on management changes related to their attachment to governments. We searched its trajectories to demonstrate the discontinuities in themanagement processes, and we tried to understand, in a bibliographical review, the notion of public television, a concept in crisis and indispute. By defining themselves as educational and cultural broadcasters, we investigate what this binomial represents and how they appear institutionally, using those indispensable meanings for the formation of citizenship. We chose to draw parallels, pointing out differences and similarities between the two broadcasters, rather than a comparative study, respecting the socio-cultural and historical differences of each country.

Early Childhood Development (ECD) programmes are important in the promotion of intellectual development and school readiness in children. Equally important is the opportunity to learn in one‟s mother tongue. This study aimed to determine the value of using the multilingual television series Takalani Sesame as a Life Skills educational resource in specific South African schools, amongst Grade One learners. The focus lay on researching a possible mechanism for allowing children who had not attended quality ECD programmes to „catch up‟ in terms of knowledge they may be lacking, as well as providing a form of mother tongue instruction to African learners in schools where the language of instruction is English. A field experiment and a reception study were carried out at a primary school in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Two groups of twelve Grade One learners (from two different Grade One classes at the same school) were included in this research, which spanned a period of 6 months. The children in the test group watched a television series of Takalani Sesame (with guided viewing) and completed related activities including post viewing and homework activities. The children in the control group were not shown the series at school. Both groups were administered the same questionnaire both pre- and post-test in order to determine changes in Life Skills related learnt data. Other research methods included participant observation, focus group discussions, interviews with parents/caregivers and interviews with educators. These used Social Cognitive Theory as their basis, taking constructs that impact on behaviour change, such as modelling, outcome expectancies and behavioural capabilities into account. The research included a large focus on interpersonal communication between researcher and learner, and caregiver and learner, plus a concentration on the children‟s knowledge of and attitudes surrounding HIV/AIDS. Results showed satisfactory levels of attention to the series, as well as high levels of engagement with and enjoyment of the series. Levels of identification with characters were also noted to be high, increasing the possibilities of learning and behaviour change taking place. Decoding of messages was, for the most part, in line with the intentions of the producers, although oppositional readings, erroneous and creative decoding were also noted in some instances. The guided viewing component did well to increase levels of attention to the episode as well as allow for erroneously decoded messages to be corrected almost immediately. Positive changes in learnt data in the Life Skills areas of HIV/AIDS, Nutrition and Safety and Security were identified and these were noted to be impacted on by the homework activities which were included in the intervention to promote parent/caregiver-child communication. The research intervention was deemed to be a success in the selected school, and could possibly be recommended for use in similar South African primary schools where learners are taught in a language which is not their mother tongue. Possible areas for future related research were outlined. This research study contributes to the body of Entertainment Education (EE) research by identifying a new and valuable application for an EE intervention in the South African setting. This highlights the important aspects of localisation, in the South African context, promoting mother tongue learning and ECD. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.