Investigamos os possíveis efeitos das experiências de atravessamento das identificações e representações do ser, implicados no conceito de gozo feminino de Jacques Lacan, e também no estudo da superação da metafísica no ser-o-aí (Dasein) de Martin Heidegger, ocasião de desvelamento em que o ser irrompe com uma singular estranheza (das Ereignis). Nosso objetivo foi o de esclarecer quais seriam possíveis finalidades clínicas e efeitos transformativos, face ao patológico, que o tratamento psicanalítico poderia conferir às experiências de transbordamento do ser para mais além das significações fálicas. Para tanto, a metodologia escolhida foi o estudo da obra de dois dos principais expoentes do século XX nos campos da filosofia e da psicanálise, legitimadores cada qual a seu modo da formalização e da escuta de um paradoxo: o ser é ao mesmo tempo íntimo e estrangeiro, radicalmente inacessível ao pensamento, e neste sentido se provaria êxtimo. Num primeiro momento, esclarecemos os sentidos da extimidade ou ek-sistência do ser nas obras de Heidegger, em textos de 1927 a 1966, e de Lacan, sobretudo no recorte de seu seminário 20 (1972-73), paradigmas com os quais pudemos trabalhar, em nosso último capítulo, certos desafios que a lacuna do ser traz à situação clínica. Como resultado, sustentamos a leitura de que o ser para a psicanálise lacaniana se apreende pelo conceito de gozo, em suas duas modalidades: ser da significância, correlata ao gozo fálico típico da fantasia neurótica, e Outra irrepresentável, denominada de gozo feminino. Como efeitos deste gozo desconhecido, desarticulador da representação objetal, dar-se-iam os temporários atravessamentos das identificações do sujeito, bem como das amarrações simbólicas do sintoma; experiências que podem transcorrer em efeitos de indeterminação produtiva. Concluímos que, sobretudo em virtude da vazão indizível do ser, podemos romper com uma leitura a nosso ver reducionista da psicanálise em que a perspectiva monoculturalista e falocêntrica perpetuasse, clinicamente, efeitos de sujeito em relação exclusivamente fálica-objetal com o ser. Defendemos finalmente a importância de uma 9 escuta psicanalítica capaz de diferenciar o ser do objeto, caso se atente também à insólita abertura de um ser para mais além do Falo / This research investigates the possible effects of certain experiences that cross over the identifications and representations of Being, implied on Jacques Lacans concept of feminine enjoyment and also regarding the overcoming of metaphysics in Martin Heideggers concept of Being-there (Dasein), which refers to an unconcealment experience in which Being bursts out with a singular strangeness (das Ereignis). We aim to clarify the clinical purposes and transformative effects on the pathological treatments which psychoanalysis may convey on the overflow experiences of Being beyond phallic signification. Therefore, the adopted methodology was to study the work of two of the twentieth centurys leading exponents in the fields of philosophy and psychoanalysis who legitimize, each in their own way, the formalization and the understanding of the following idea: that the inner being of man is out of his imaginary or representative reach, and by being inner and outer at the same time, Being is extimity. At first, we clarified how a strange possibility of enjoyment of extimacy or of the ek-sistence of Being is formulated in the works of Heidegger between 1927 and 1966, as well as in Lacans theory, especially within the clipping of his seminar 20 (1972-73). Thus, supported by those two paradigms, in our last chapter we could reflect about certain challenges that the unspeakable Being brings to the clinical situation. As the outcome of our research, we argue that the concept of Being in lacanian psychoanalysis is held by the concept of enjoyment in its two forms: firstly, as the Being of significance related to the phallic enjoyment of neurotic fantasy and, secondly, as the unrepresentable Other, related to the experience of extimacy within feminine enjoyment. As effects of this unknown enjoyment, devoid of object representation, the subjects identifications, as well as the symbolic symptoms bindings, would helplessly flow through; which characterizes them as experiences that could elapse productive indeterminacy effects. Finally, after studying the problems of Being and of the Unspeakable in clinical practice, we conclude that due to the unspeakable outflow of 11 Being through the perspective of certain experiences of indetermination, it is possible to break, as we understand it, the reductionist interpretation of psychoanalysis in which the monoculturalistic and phallocentric perspective could clinically perpetuate the effects of the subject in exclusively phallic-objectal relations with its Being. We finally stand for the importance of a psychoanalytical listening also capable of differentiating Being and object, as long as psychoanalysts look out for an opening of Being beyond the Phallus

Extreme sport participation has traditionally been conceptualized as a psychological disorder and something to be avoided (Cashmore, 2002). Viewed in this way, these individuals are thought to be enacting an unhealthy psychology (Ogilvie, 1997; Slanger & Rudestam, 1997). Other research has described participants in extreme sports as sensation seekers under-stimulated by their normal surroundings and out of control (Zuckerman, 1979). Using Brymer's (2005) focused definition of extreme sports, "activities where a mismanaged mistake or accident would most likely result in death, as opposed to injury" (p. 5), this study utilized a phenomenological method to analyze semi-structured interviews with 16 free-solo climbers (n =16). The participants described their motivations in terms of overwhelming enjoyment, heightened focus, and personal progress. These results support more recent research describing extreme sport experiences as opportunities for positive transformation with outcomes including gains in courage, humility, eco-centrism, and emotional engagement (Brymer, 2009; Willig, 2008). These findings challenge the traditional, stereotypical notions of extreme sports participants as young and male (Wheaton & Beal, 2003), sensation-seeking (Zuckerman, 1979), and psychologically unwell (Ogilvie, 1997; Slanger & Rudestam, 1997). Answering Brymer's (2005) call to investigate all extreme sports individually, this study focused on the specific extreme sport of free-solo climbing and found the experience of the free-solo climber is a powerful undertaking enjoyed by young, old, male, and female.

To find if video enjoyment was deeper for people with ADHD (attention deficit/hyperactive disorder) than for their non-ADHD peers, subjects with ADHD, and without, had their eye movement tracked during video exposure to determine average saccade rates. I interviewed subjects using pre-tested statements to establish periods of flow state (a measure of enjoyment). Results indicate that there is a deeper sense of enjoyment for people with ADHD, as subjects with ADHD passed a greater average time in flow state during video consumption (27% compared to 21%). Furthermore, the effects of flow state on the eye movement of those with ADHD was much greater than the effects of flow state on the eye movement of the non-ADHD control group. Average saccade rates jumped up 0.15 saccades per second when comparing out-of-flow to in-flow states for the ADHD group, while the average saccade rate for the non-ADHD group increased only 0.03 saccades per second when comparing out-of-flow to in-flow states. This helps further understanding of why people with ADHD consume more screen time than their non-ADHD peers; they may be more inclined to choose video consumption as an activity since the enjoyment they receive from video consumption is deeper and more frequent.

The reform movement in mathematics education has recognized affective factors as an important area where change is needed. This study examined the attitudes toward mathematics of preservice elementary teachers entering an introductory mathematics methods course. The methods course utilized constructivist instructional methods, such as the use of manipulatives, cooperative group work, problem solving, and calculators. Qualitative methods were used to explore participants attitudes toward mathematics and the experiences that have led to the development of these attitudes. The study sought to determine the extent to which preservice teachers attitudes toward mathematics changed during the methods course and the correlation between preservice teachers initial attitudes toward mathematics and their achievement in the methods course. Thirty-three university students enrolled in one section of a mathematics methods course for elementary education majors completed the Attitudes Toward Mathematics Inventory at the beginning of the semester and again during week 12 of the 15-week semester. Throughout the semester, participants submitted reflective journal entries in which they reflected on their attitudes toward and experiences with mathematics. The instructor responded to each journal. Participants initial survey scores indicated that they valued mathematics, but their scores for Self-Confidence, Enjoyment, and Motivation were somewhat negative. As a whole, participants showed a statistically significant positive change in attitude on the second survey. In individual interviews, participants who showed significant positive changes in attitude mentioned manipulatives, journals, and the organized format of the course as aspects of the methods course that had positively influenced their attitudes toward mathematics. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between initial attitude survey scores and the methods course departmental final examination, which was used as a measure of achievement. Through their journal entries and interviews, participants offered a clear view of the types of experiences that encouraged the development of positive and negative attitudes toward mathematics. These findings have implications for teacher educators who seek to improve the attitudes toward mathematics of preservice elementary school teachers and for mathematics teachers at all levels.

<p>This is a study of how young flutists experience playing their instrument and having music lessons, especially what they think is most enjoyable. 27 flutists between the ages of 8 and 19 years old, from three different municipal schools of music in central Sweden, were interviewed during spring 2000.</p><p>Some of the conclusions are that enjoyment coincides with meaningful when you are in a musical context, and when your progress is confirmed by the teacher.</p><p>The study is to be seen as some examples of different things that young flutists find enjoyable. It is not an enumeration of recommended items in teaching, rather some thoughts about the positive experiences of playing the flute, and how teachers may relate to that.</p>

This is a study of how young flutists experience playing their instrument and having music lessons, especially what they think is most enjoyable. 27 flutists between the ages of 8 and 19 years old, from three different municipal schools of music in central Sweden, were interviewed during spring 2000. Some of the conclusions are that enjoyment coincides with meaningful when you are in a musical context, and when your progress is confirmed by the teacher. The study is to be seen as some examples of different things that young flutists find enjoyable. It is not an enumeration of recommended items in teaching, rather some thoughts about the positive experiences of playing the flute, and how teachers may relate to that.

Tablet PC is not a brand-new idea. But it did not draw much attention of consumers in the past. However tablet PC became the hottest product since Apple released the iPad in April 2010 which hit 15 million sales record in less than nine months. And this fever drives all of the IT, PC, mobile companies to start their production line. A war of tablet PC is about to begin in 2011. But from consumers¡¦ perspective, is tablet PC so different from its counterpart being utilized currently that attracts consumer to use it? What are the factors influencing the intention to use tablet PC? To answer the question, this study presents an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) integrating innovation diffusion theory and perceived price to examine the factors that influence the adoption of tablet PC. And the proposed model was empirically tested through data collected from an online questionnaire with 536 samples. And principal analysis, ANOVA, multiple regression as well as descriptive statistics were conducted to analyze the data. The findings indicate that all of the factors proposed in the model anticipate potential users¡¦ intention to use tablet PC. Among the factors, perceived enjoyment, perceived ease of use, relative advantage have the most significant influence and image is the least one. This study may extend use of TAM and provide further insights into tablet PC marketing strategies.

The majority of research tends to focus on the effects of violent video games, and as a result the motivations to play games are understudied. This study used the uses and gratifications theory as a framework for investigating game player’s motivation to play video games for the purpose of catharsis. This study also proposed that in-game variables, such as level of difficulty and content of the video game, all be investigated to see the effects they have on the achievement of catharsis or the development of aggression through other mediating variables such as enjoyment, control, and frustration with the game. It was found that difficulty of the game predicted frustration with the game and that those with more game playing experience reported greater feelings of catharsis, enjoyment, and feelings of control. None of the independent variables were found to attribute to feelings of aggression, including game content. Feelings of control within the game were found to be predicted by game type. Although there were relatively few main effects with the independent variables, correlations show trends in the data between variables that would support the achievement of catharsis through greater feelings of control, enjoyment, and decreased frustration.

Background: E-commerce is an evolving market; the number of retailers and the growth in online shopping has built up a competitive market. It is therefore essential for companies to continuously develop their online activity to remain and attract new customers. To do so, companies need to create value for the customers and meet their demands: therefore it is of great importance for companies to understand consumers’ buying behavior, and moreover investigate in which factors are related to the consumers’ online purchase intention.   Purpose: The purpose is to explain the relationship between trust, perceived risk, shopping enjoyment, site design quality and online purchase intention.   Hypotheses: The authors of this study set up the following hypotheses: H1+: Trust is positively related to consumers’ online purchase intention. H2-: Perceived risk is negatively related to consumers’ online purchase intention. H3: Shopping enjoyment is related to consumers’ online purchase intention. H4+: Site design quality is positively related to consumers’ online purchase intention. Methodology: Survey study. Conclusion: Hypothesis 1 was supported in this study. Hypothesis 2 was not supported in this study. Hypothesis 3 was supported in this study. Hypothesis 4 was supported in this study.

Examining students' attitudes toward mathematics has become extremely popular. This study examined the attitudes and outcomes of Beginning Algebra students at a central Florida community college. Quantitative methods were used to examine the students' initial composite attitudes toward mathematics. The initial composite attitude was used to examine the relationship between CPT scores and State Competency Exam scores. Further analysis was conducted to examine completers' and non-completers' initial attitudes. The composite change score was determined and quantitative methods were used to examine interactions between class sections, age, gender, and ethnicity. The study began with 217 students and ended with 158. The initial attitude scores were determined for the 217 students who completed the Attitudes Toward Mathematics Inventory (ATMI) in the first week of the fall 2010 semester. The ATMI was administered again in the 12th week of the semester to gather an end-of-semester attitude score. Throughout the semester several students withdrew, and the final sample size was 158 students. A change score was determined using the final sample size and subtracting the beginning attitude scores from the ending attitude scores. The change score was used to examine whether an interaction occurred between class sections, age, gender, and ethnicity. Students' initial composite attitude was revealed to be slightly positive. Students' initial composite scores for the factor of value implied that these students valued mathematics. The factors of self-confidence and enjoyment were slightly positive. Motivation was the most negative response with a below neutral composite attitudinal score. No significance was found between the CPT score and student composite initial attitudinal score, nor was there any significance between the State Competency Exam and composite initial attitudinal score. Completers of the course were found to have a more positive composite attitude score than non-completers. Students' change score indicated that the students' overall attitudes had a positive change over the semester. A statistically significant association was found in change scores in the ATMI factor of value among these age groups. These findings have implications for professors who seek to identify students' attitudes in order to intervene and assist students to become more positive toward mathematics and thus possibly improve students' success in mathematics.