En el Perú existen empresas nacionales dedicadas a la industria textil, que aún no han decidido ampliar sus fronteras. Hoy en día tenemos un mercado saturado de marcas de prendas de vestir tanto nacionales como extranjeras. Esta investigación es transeccional, exploratoria y descriptiva. El propósito de esta investigación es conocer las modalidades de ingreso utilizadas por marcas fast fashion en su proceso de internacionalización, a fin de que las empresas nacionales puedan evaluar las estrategias utilizadas por las empresas fast fashion del estudio, y así utilizarlas en un futuro proceso de internacionalización. Además, se identificarán los factores de compra de prendas de vestir que influyen en mujeres que viven en Lima, que tienen entre 18-28 años y pertenecen a NSE B/C, cuando tienen que optar por una marca nacional vs una marca internacional. A partir de la investigación, se puede evidenciar que el modelo más utilizado por las fast fashion en su proceso de investigación es el de internacionalización incremental, el cual se acomoda más a la teoría de Uppsala, bajo las modalidades de franquicias y filiales propias. También, se puede afirmar que los factores de compras más influyentes en las mujeres limeñas en su proceso de compra de prendas de vestir son el factor moda, el factor diseño y el factor ambiente. / In Peru there are national companies dedicated to the textile industry, which have not decided to expand their borders yet. Nowadays we have a saturated clothing market with national and foreign brands. This research is transectional, exploratory and descriptive. The purpose of this investigation is made to know the modalities of entry used by fast fashion brands in their internationalization process, so national companies can evaluate the strategies used by the fast fashion companies of the research and use them in a future process of internationalization. In addition, identify the purchase factors that influence women living in Lima, who are between 18 and 28 years old and belong to NSE B/C, when they have to decide between a national brand against an international brand. From the research, the most used model by fast fashion companies in the research process is the incremental internationalization, which fits more to the Uppsala's theory, under the modalities of franchises and own subsidiaries. Besides, the most influential purchasing factors in women who lives in Lima in their process of buying clothing are the fashion factor, the design factor and the environment factor. / Tesis

Todays’ consumer society has forced companies to work towards a sustainable society. Consumers consider a company’s work with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as necessary and expect companies to work ethically. However, fast fashion consumers’ also demand a low price and rapid changes in trends. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to understand fast fashion consumers’ attitude towards, and the importance of, companies working with CSR. By conducting a questionnaire on Cubus’ customers in Uppsala, information has been gained in order to investigate this phenomenon. The results show that the majority of the respondents have a positive attitude towards CSR, but were not a deciding factor when shopping at Cubus. From this study, we can draw the conclusions that even though the majority of the respondents had a positive attitude towards CSR, other factors were of greater importance. This validates the phenomenon about fast fashion customers’ demand for a low price and fast changing trends.

Fast fashion retailers bring apparel products to market much more quickly than in traditional apparel retailing. Fast fashion retailers are able to respond quickly to both fashion trends and consumer demand. Yet the emphasis on speed has quickened the consumption of fast fashion apparel products, which are produced with low quality and thus have short product lifespans. Critics of fast fashion cite these negatives, combined with chemicals, water and energy used in production, among other issues, as detrimental to the environment. However, some fast fashion retailers have implemented sustainable options into their product offerings. This study analyzes consumers’ perceptions of a sustainable brand extension introduced by a fast fashion retailer. The research is divided into two studies. First, an exploratory study was conducted to assess consumer knowledge of sustainability and fast fashion and to uncover potential factors for the model of the second study. Findings show a low level of knowledge of the holistic principle of sustainability and specific adverse effects of the apparel industry and of the concept of fast fashion. Despite some skepticism, participants feel steps must be taken towards sustainability and that every effort helps. The second part of the research tested consumer perceptions of a potential sustainable line extension introduced by a specific fast fashion retailer. Following brand extension theory, study two tests the influence of brand knowledge and affect on both the perceptions of brand-cause fit and brand-extension fit and the influence of cause knowledge and involvement on the perceptions of fit between brand and cause. The influence of brand-extension fit and brand-cause fit on attitude toward the extension was also analyzed. An online self-administrated survey using the written scenario approach resulted in 598 responses. Findings show the influence of brand knowledge and affect on brand-extension fit and brand-cause fit and cause knowledge and involvement on cause-brand fit. Implications for retailers include leveraging consumers’ past knowledge and affect of the brand through marketing of the sustainable product. Overall the study shows that consumers do view sustainable products as fitting with fast fashion retailers, based on their previous knowledge and affect of the brand and cause. / text

Syfte & forskningsfråga: Syftet med denna uppsats är att skapa en djupare förståelse för utvecklingen av dagens modemarknad och fenomenet “fast fashion” genom att analysera och undersöka trenders uppkomst, hur trender anammas av konsumenter samt konsumenters inverkan på modebranschen. Uppsatsens forskningsfråga formulerades med uppsatsens syfte i åtanke och frågan blev följande: Vad är karaktäristiskt för dagens modemarknad och vilken betydelse har konceptet “fast fashion” för marknadens utveckling? Metod: Vår uppsats är baserad på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod då vi önskade att få en djupare förståelse kring det valda forskningsämnet. Vidare kom uppsatsen att få en abduktiv karaktär då vi haft ett växelspel mellan vald teori och empiri. För att vidare få en bredare syn på forskningsområdet valde vi att variera oss i vårt urval av respondenter och intervjuade därför 7 respondenter med olika positioner inom modebranschen. Slutsatser: I uppsatsens analys har vi kunnat se ett mönster där vår valda teori i stor utsträckning stämmer överens med vår empiriska insamling. I vår studie framkom det även att trender är både komplexa och svåra att specificera samt att de både kan pågå under en kortare samt längre tid. Vidare visade det sig att konsumenter idag har en stor påverkan på modebranschen, där de mångt och mycket kan ses som trendsättare. Fast fashion är ett koncept som har bidragit till snabba trendväxlingar på marknaden och via vår studie framkom det att konsumenters syn på fast fashion har förändrats, och att de numera önskar ett lugnare tempo.

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A presente pesquisa apresenta um estudo em torno do cross-branding, parceria entre duas ou mais marcas a fim de lançarem um produto e/ou serviço, e da cocriação de coleções no varejo de moda brasileiro. O cross-branding vem sendo bastante utilizado no mercado e é uma das ferramentas de marketing em evidência. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é identificar - a partir de uma discussão em torno do fast-fashion e da moda como resultado da expressão contemporânea - como se dá a estratégia do cross-branding, bem como suas influências no desenvolvimento de coleções. O trabalho é realizado a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica em torno da história da indústria da moda, conceitos em desenvolvimento de produtos, reflexões sobre inovação, cocriação e o varejo atual. Foi possível discutir não só como se dá o cross-branding, como também os reflexos advindos da utilização da estratégia no varejo de moda. Foram realizados estudos de casos das coleções cápsulas das lojas de departamento C&A e Riachuelo, frutos de cross-brandings com marcas e estilistas brasileiros. / This research presents a study about the cross-branding, partnership between two or more brands willing to launch a product and / or service, and the co-creation of collections in brazilian fashion retail. The cross-branding has been often used in the fashion market and is one of the marketing strategies in evidence. The goal is to identify, from a discussion about fast-fashion and fashion as a result of contemporary expression, how is the strategy of cross-branding as well as their influences on the development of fashion collections. The work is done from a literature review about the history of the fashion industry, product development concepts, reflections on innovation, co-creation and nowadays retail. It was possible to discuss how the crossbranding works, as well as the reflections arising from the use of strategy in fashion retail. Case studies of capsule collections of department stores, as Riachuelo and C&A, the result of cross-brandings with Brazilian designers and brands, have been conducted.

O estudo consiste em analisar as diferenças do supply chain de moda entre as coleções tradicionais e o fast fashion, identificando os desafios e ações empreendidas pelas empresas têxteis que atuam no início da cadeia produtiva de moda. Tomando como base a literatura sobre as gestões da cadeia produtiva de moda e as mudanças ocorridas no mercado, identificou-se a contradição no tempo de aprovisionamento no que diz respeito às etapas de produção entre a moda tradicional e o fast fashion, termo em inglês, traduzido como moda rápida. As análises e comparações entre as gestões da cadeia produtiva de moda compreendem como esses dois sistemas atuam no mercado. Por um lado, existem as empresas de moda programada tradicional que pelo conceito e o tempo utilizado para o desenvolvimento de suas coleções funcionam como uma forma de imposição do consumo de seus produtos, já o modelo fast fashion pode ser interpretado como uma resposta do mercado consumidor. Com isso, a necessidade de diminuir o time to market para reduzir o risco exige encontrar soluções produtivas adequadas. A partir de uma revisão de literatura e de uma pesquisa exploratória, foi possível identificar como o setor têxtil, que atua no início da cadeia produtiva de moda, corresponde às diferenças de supply chain entre as coleções tradicionais e o fast fashion / This study consists on analyzing the supply chain differences between the traditional collections and the fast fashion, identifying the challenges and the undertaken actions by textile companies that act in the beginning of fashion productive chain. Taking as a base the literature on fashion productive chain management and the market changes, the contradiction on provision time was identified about the production levels between the traditional fashion and the fast fashion. The analysis and comparisons between fashion productive chain management comprehend on how theses both methods act on market. On the one hand there are the scheduled traditional fashion companies that through conception and the used time to develop their collection, it works as imposition consumption for their products, whereas the fast fashion way can be seen as the customer reply. Therewith, there is a need to reduce the time to market to decrease the risk new productive solutions must be found. From a literature review and a deep research, it was possible to identify how the textile sector, which operates at the beginning of the production chain fashion, corresponds to the supply chain differences between traditional collections and the fast fashion

Este estudo analisa os aspectos do design de lojas de varejo de moda por meio de variáveis tangíveis presentes nos espaços da rede de varejo do vestuário do modelo fast fashion. O modelo fast fashion vem consolidando sua presença no mercado de vestuário de moda por meio de um modelo inovador no ciclo de desenvolvimento de produtos, no abastecimento das lojas e na própria distribuição por meio de lojas próprias que atendem o modelo. A questão do estudo investigou se as características do modelo se refletem no design das lojas fast fashion contribuindo para a comunicação e o modelo de oferecimento dos produtos. Na pesquisa de campo em lojas fast fashion buscou-se por meio do modelo de investigação qualitativa utilizar o método de observação direta em quatro cadeias de lojas em shopping centers e lojas em rua e sua correspondência com as características da literatura relacionada ao modelo fast fashion. Alguns resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa propõem, por exemplo, a comunicação da vitrina em conjunto com os manequins de acesso a loja comunicam lançamentos de produtos de moda para os consumidores e deste modo demonstram correspondência com fast fashion. Neste sentido, as variáveis do design presentes nas lojas de varejo, importantes elementos do ambiente que atuam individualmente ou em conjunto e assim oferecem funcionalidade para este modelo fast fashion. Este estudo aponta para abertura de novas oportunidades de investigação do design de lojas nos segmentos de varejo de moda, por meio dos levantamentos obtidos nesta pesquisa / This study analyzes the design aspects of fashion retail stores through tangible variables present in the garment retail chain of fast fashion model. The fast fashion model has consolidated its presence in the fashion apparel market through an innovative model in the product development cycle, in the supply of stores and own distribution through stores that meet the model. The study question investigated whether the characteristics of the model are reflected in the design of fast fashion stores contributing to communication and the model of offering the products. In field research in fast fashion stores sought by means of qualitative research model using the method of direct observation in four chain stores in shopping malls and stores in the street and your correspondence with the characteristics of the literature related to the fast fashion model. Some results obtained in this research, propose, for example, the communication from the showcase in conjunction with the dummies store, access communicate product sets to consumers and thus demonstrate correspondence with fast fashion. In this sense, the design variables present in retail stores, important elements of the environment that act individually or together and thus offer functionality for this fast fashion model. This study points to the opening of new opportunities for research on store design in fashion retail segments by means of surveys obtained in this research

Hållbarhet, vilket kan förklaras som en balans mellan sociala, ekonomiska och ekologiska faktorer, är ett ständigt aktuellt ämne och Transparens ett relativt nytt sådant. Transparens beskrivs som den mängd information som ett företag är villig att avslöja om deras leverantörskedja. Det sägs att människor vill höra klädesplaggets historia, så som vem, var och hur det har blivit tillverkat, men trots detta är Fast Fashion fortfarande ett utbrett koncept. Fast Fashion innebär att företag prioriterar låga priser, kort leveranstid och snabbt föränderliga trender. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka om Transparens kan räknas som ett verktyg för Hållbarhet inom Fast Fashion, utifrån studenters perspektiv. Genom en kvantitativ enkät är förhoppningen att få svar på frågor om vad dessa konsumenter anser om hållbarhet och om det kopplas ihop med Transparens. Studien är menad att bidra till modeföretag med indikationer på konsumenters kunskap och åsikter om ämnet, för att ge dem en eventuell anledning att implementera Transparens i sin verksamhet. Resultaten visar på att intresse för Transparens finns hos målgruppen studenter och indikerar på att dessa ser ett samband mellan Hållbarhet och Transparens. / Sustainability, which can be explained as a balance between social, economic and ecological factors, is a constantly relevant topic and Transparency is a relatively new one. Transparency is described as the amount of information a company is willing to disclose about their supply chain. It is said that people want to hear the history of the garment, such as who, where and how it has been manufactured, but despite that, Fast Fashion is still a widespread concept. Fast Fashion means that companies prioritize low prices, short delivery times and fast-changing trends.This study aims at investigating whether Transparency can be regarded as a tool for sustainability in Fast Fashion, based on student perspectives. Through a quantitative survey, the hope is to answer questions about these consumers opinions about sustainability and if it is connected to Transparency. The study is intended to contribute to fashion companies with indications of consumer knowledge and opinions about the subject, to give them a possible reason to implement Transparency in their business. The results show that interest in Transparency is found in the target audience of students, indicating that they see a connection between Sustainability and Transparency. This paper is written in Swedish.

Bakgrund: Modeindustrin är en av de branscher som växt mest under 2000 talet vilket medfört förändringar gällande trender och strukturer på marknaden. Från att massproduktion dominerat produktionsstrategin och dess värdekedja har en dynamisk marknad med dess sporadiska efterfrågan växt fram. Som en följd har värdekedjan och produktionsstrategin utvecklats till att bli allt mer agil och flexibel. Att vara mer flexibel är dock en fråga om prioritering då det kräver resurser, pengar och tid. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva och analysera hur Slow Fashion bolag arbetar med flexibilitet på en dynamisk marknad. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och är en tvärsnittsstudie med två företag som empirisk grund. Empirin har samlats in via semistrukturerade intervjuer samt dokumentstudier. Slutsats: Studien konstaterar att flexibilitet inte är något som något av de undersökta företagen jobbar aktivt med vilket har skapat en låg lageromsättningshastighet. Flexibilitet är dock inte lika viktigt för dessa företag inom Slow Fashion då deras segment grundar sig på en betydligt stabilare efterfrågan på grund av dess långa produktlivscykler. / Flexibility on a dynamic market -  A qualitative cross-sectional study on how businesses work with flexibility on a dynamic market. This study aims to investigate how Slow Fashion companies use flexibility in their project of creating a collection to survive on a dynamic market with high volatile demand. This has been investigated by studying two Swedish fashion companies and the research questions that has been investigated is: -        How does the companies prioritize between quality, economic and time when developing a new collection? -        How does the prioritization affect the companies ability to achieve flexibility? -        How important is flexibility for a Slow Fashion company? The study is based on interviews with two persons who work at two different Slow Fashion companies. Since there is a lot of research about how Fast Fashion companies work with flexibility, the aim of the study has been to investigate how and if Slow Fashion companies does the same. The study shows that rather than focusing on time in the companies working processes, they prioritize to maintain a high-quality production while keeping the productions costs down. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the companies do not use flexibility with the ambition of launching their products to the market as quick as possible since the demand of Slow Fashion products have a longer durability than Fast Fashion company products. However, they still exist on a dynamic market that requires flexibility in other parts of the value chain. The main contribution from this study is a deeper understanding in how Slow Fashion companies work with flexibility.