The following thesis offers an insight into a collection of documentary movies, which were screened in the category Czech Competition (Česká sekce) presented by the film festival One World (Jeden svět), as well as the nomination process behind it. The first section of the Body of this Thesis (Practical Part) is focused on the nomination process. In particular its objective is to describe principal changes in the nomination process and at the same time outline its future developments. This is achieved by means of exclusive interviews with five Program Section members in charge of the nomination process (both former and contemporary). Heightened attention is being dedicated to the films nominated for the Czech Competition section with regards to its specifics. The other part of the thesis body is based on thorough analysis of the films selected for the Czech competition between the years 2010-2019. By means of original interviews and content analysis the thesis attempts to establish an idea of which features are significant for the films representing the Czech Republic at this documentary film festival and what conclusions can be drawn from this about the Czech documentary film scene in general. The theoretical part of the thesis offers sourcing this approach in expert literature.

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[pt] Este trabalho discute a ascensão do cinema digital e o papel da curadoria na programação e seleção de curtas-metragens brasileiros contemporâneos em três festivais de cinema: Cine PE - Festival do Audiovisual, Festival de Brasília do Cinema Brasileiro e na Mostra de Cinema de Tiradentes. O recorte temporal se dá entre os anos de 2017 e 2021 por conta do encontro entre uma progressiva popularização ao acesso dos sensores digitais e a imersão do Brasil em uma severa e polarizante crise político-social. O trabalho retoma e analisa a noção de aura, tal como proposta por Walter Benjamin em seu ensaio A obra de arte na era de sua reprodutibilidade técnica; retoma igualmente a ideia de programação e curadoria como formas de pós-produção, tal como proposta por Thomas Elsaesser. Um dos objetivos é analisar a mudança de cenário - favorecida pela entrada da tecnologia do digital - onde o curta-metragem brasileiro passa a ter um valor simbólico e cultural gradativamente mais significativo. Os três festivais de cinema, já citados, foram escolhidos porque suas curadorias ou condições de acontecimento sofreram grandes reviravoltas em função dos diferentes contextos político-sociais do país. Por fim, interessa discutir o papel da curadoria e dos festivais dentro do processo de legitimação histórica e artística de filmes assim como a relação entre os realizadores e a construção de um imaginário sobre o cinema nacional / [en] This study discusses the rise of digital cinema and the role of curatorship in the programming and selection of contemporary Brazilian short films in three film festivals: Cine PE - Festival do Audiovisual, Festival de Brasília do Cinema Brasileiro and Mostra de Cinema de Tiradentes. The time frame takes place between the years 2017 and 2021 due to the encounter between a progressive popularization of access to digital sensors with the immersion of Brazil in a severe and polarizing political-social crisis. The study resumes and analyzes the notion of aura, as proposed by Walter Benjamin in his essay The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction; and it also takes up the idea of programming and curation as forms of post-production, as proposed by Thomas Elsaesser. One of the objectives is to analyze the change in scenario - favored by the entry of digital technology - where the Brazilian short film starts to have a gradually more significant symbolic and cultural value. The three aforementioned film festivals were chosen because their curatorship or event conditions underwent major upheavals due to the different political and social contexts in the country. Lastly, it is relevant for the study to discuss the role of curatorship and festivals within the process of historical and artistic legitimation of films as well as the relationship between filmmakers and the construction of an imaginary about national cinema.

台灣電影產業曾經在華人世界舉足輕重，如今在好萊塢商業電影大舉入侵後，已是夕陽餘暉。激烈的市場競爭與新科技的出現，使得電影產業價值鏈重塑，並造成交易形式與交易機制的改變。台灣影片雖然在藝術成就上時有斬獲，但以產業觀點，卻在全球影視市場上無足輕重。回顧過去的研究，大多數集中在電影歷史、類型、社會議題和創作程序等面向，但關於產業本身的管理議題卻付之闕如。為深入探討電影產業的交易平台與網路社群，本研究以全球電影產業中的五項影視市場展為觀察對象，分別為美國電影市場展、坎城影展暨市場展、米蘭電影市場展、釜山國際影展暨釜山電影推廣展以及國際電視與傳播市場展（MIPTV/MIPCOM）。研究發現，坎城影展暨市場展的營運模式最佳，而社群機制與網路治理的建立與維繫、跨產業資訊的整合力、全球宣傳平台、資訊服務與商展規劃同步經營以及政府支持皆為成功經營之基本條件。

Die Dissertation untersucht die Entwicklung des Gesamtkunstwerk-Konzeptes und seine Aktualität, Möglichkeit und Notwendigkeit in Bezug auf ein modernes filmisches Gesamtkunstwerk. Ausgegangen wird von der ästhetischen Theorie und Praxis der deutschen Frühromantik, in der das Konzept wurzelt. In einer umfassenden Betrachtung und Analyse der ästhetischen und gesellschaftspolitischen Dimension des Konzeptes in den Schriften und dem Werk Richard Wagners sollen wesentliche Strukturmerkmale erkundet und soll ein Maßstab für ein ‚positives‘ zeit-genössisches Gesamtkunstwerk gebildet werden, das sich von seinem ideologischen Missbrauch befreit. Erforscht wird, inwiefern der Farb- und Tonspielfilm ein geeignetes Kunstmedium für die Anwendung des Konzeptes darstellt und wie sich die Frage seiner gesellschaftspolitischen Dimension in der globalen Epoche übersetzen lässt. / The dissertation explores the evolution of the concept of the Total Work of Art (ʹGesamtkunstwerkʹ) as well as its actuality, feasibility and necessity in the form of a modern cinematic Gesamtkunstwerk. Starting point is the aesthetic theory and praxis of the Early German Romanticism, in which the concept is rooted. An extensive consideration and analysis of the concept in both its aesthetic and socio-political dimension as developed in the writings and works of Richard Wagner aims to define its essential structural features and to set the standard for a ʹpositiveʹ contemporary Gesamtkunstwerk beyond its ideological abuse. Key is the examination of how and to what extend the sound and colour feature film constitutes a legit artistic medium for the application of the concept as well as how its sociopolitical facet translates within the global era.

本文以藝術社會學觀點出發，將台灣「新電影」視為一藝術「群體」行動所建構之現象，並分析「新電影」之論述形構過程。 本文認為「新電影」與60年代後逐漸傳入台灣的西方「藝術」電影典範，以及「作者電影」影評之系譜間，有若干思想及美學觀方面之傳承關係，其次回溯「新電影」現象初期，支持者如何藉由電影論述與策略運用，在與各種敵對勢力之批判論爭中，建構出一套「新電影」論述，以求存續發展。 本文並分析「新電影」群體與三種「電影評鑑」機制之間的關係，這包括了「新電影」勢力難以掌握的《金馬獎》、由其主導之《中時晚報電影獎》系譜、以及「新電影」派不斷嘗試接軌的國際「藝術」電影鑑賞機制。分析結果，本文認為「新電影」派由於無法掌握《金馬獎》，便逐漸與其疏離，《中晚電影獎》此一系譜之評鑑機制則並未成功替代《金馬獎》，而「新電影」之藝術正當性來源，則是藉由國際影展策略而達成。 「新電影」派之國際影展策略，在90年代與國家機器之外交宣傳目的逐漸契合，政府態度便由80年代的消極轉為積極地藉由「輔導金」、「電影年」、及鼓勵國際影展路線等方式，來收編「新電影」勢力。「新電影」派亦藉「國際路線」漸受官方重視的脈絡，在論述及實踐上逐漸將「新電影」建構為「台灣」電影唯一存在之國際代表（representation），藉由與官方之需求達成某種程度之契合，「新電影」得到80年代以來從未有過之藝術正當性。 然而此一策略，在國家機器缺乏對電影發行及映演部門之干預下，使「新電影」逐漸在市場與美學評鑑兩個層次上，與台灣本土之脈絡產生疏離，於此同時，則是若干導演已獲得電影「作者」之地位，具有吸引國際投資之能力，但卻難以與台灣電影工業產生良性聯繫，且有淪為跨國資本「研發」單位的可能。本文在分析過「新電影」派於不同時期之各種論述策略後，最後認為除了形成一股集體力量，對台灣電影工業進行政策面之思考與改造外，「新電影派」目前之論述策略，皆不足以改變目前台灣電影業之困境。