Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:20:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 68060200602.pdf: 1455774 bytes, checksum: 257d7c91c6650bb7547db135b453513d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-04T00:00:00Z / The purpose of this study is to realize a diagnostic of the Brazilian securitization market through a survey. It was investigated which were the main characteristics and the main factors that the Brazilian securitization to be similar or to be different of the North American securitization. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to investigate the factors that difficulty or facilitate the development of the Brazilian securitization market. It was asked to Brazilian decision makers (large corporate executives and financial market executives) what do they think of securitization. It was asked the reason why the companies and banks use or not use the securitization as a funding source or as an investment. In this study, it was investigated the factors that trouble the development of the securitization market and it was asked which are the main factor that a securitization deal was executed or not executed. This new perspective reveals that exist a huge difference between the opinion of the supply and the demand. On one side the companies (supply side) are searching for a lower funding and on the other side the banks (demand side) are searching for an secure investment with high profitability, in other words, there is still a huge gap between supply and demand in order to the Brazilian securitization market achieve maturity. / O propósito deste estudo foi realizar um diagnóstico do mercado de securitização através de uma pesquisa sobre o mercado de securitização brasileiro. Foi investigado quais são as suas principais características e os principais fatores pelo qual a securitização brasileira ser semelhante ou distinta da securitização norte-americana. Assim o objetivo principal deste estudo foi investigar os fatores que dificultam e que facilitam o desenvolvimento do mercado de securitização brasileiro e foi recorrido à opinião dos tomadores de decisão das grandes empresas e dos agentes financeiros brasileiros. Foi levantado quais são as motivações para que as empresas e os bancos não utilizarem a securitização como forma de captação ou de aplicação de recursos. Neste estudo foram investigados os fatores que dificultam o desenvolvimento da securitização e foi perguntado quais são os principais fatores pelo qual uma operação de securitização não ocorre e os fatores que facilitam o desenvolvimento da securitização e foi perguntado quais são os principais fatores pelo qual uma operação de securitização ocorre. Esta nova perspectiva do mercado para o mercado de securitização revela que existe uma grande diferença de opiniões entre os agentes deste mercado. De um lado as empresas (os ofertantes) buscando fontes de captação mais barata e de outro lado os bancos (os demandantes) buscando investimentos mais seguros com rentabilidades atraentes, em outras palavras ainda existe uma falta de alinhamento entre eles para que o mercado de securitização brasileiro desenvolva na sua plenitude e atinja a maturidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:52:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5917.pdf: 3459084 bytes, checksum: d6361e5ced9de0b04791af7a82f60a86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-13 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES), as a financial intermediary, has acted as a direct instrument of implementation of public policies for using this tool legitimized by economic field , made available through the framework of Private Equity . The uniformity of laws on banking prudence is a necessity imposed by the advancement of innovation and financial globalization . Incorporated the recommendations of Basel banking regulations in Brazil and accounting standards apply to all financial institutions authorized to operate by the Central Bank included therein BNDES and other development banks . This study aims at the implementation of these standards, considering that were designed initially to treat investment banking and retail, a scenario to understand the positioning and transformations of the bank in its organizational space. / O Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES), enquanto intermediário financeiro, tem atuado como instrumento direto de implantação de políticas pública utilizando-se para isso de ferramentas legitimadas pelo campo econômico, disponibilizadas através da estrutura de Private Equity. A uniformização das legislações sobre prudência bancária é uma necessidade imposta pelo avanço da inovação e da globalização financeira. As recomendações de Basileia incorporadas à regulamentação bancária no Brasil e as normas contábeis se aplicam a todas as instituições financeiras autorizadas a funcionar pelo Banco Central, aí incluídos o BNDES e os demais bancos de desenvolvimento. O presente trabalho busca na aplicação dessa normas, tendo em vista que foram concebidas, inicialmente, para tratar de bancos de investimento e varejo, um cenário para entendermos o posicionamento e transformações do banco em seu espaço organizacional.

This thesis deals with the financial market intermediation and distribution on the financial market. By using situational analysis reveals connections and principles of the functioning of financial intermediation and focuses on the role of financial market regulation and commission fees. Thesis is analyzing the effects of changes in commission system and impact to different distribution models.

El impacto de la concentración bancaria en el margen de intermediación es un tema investigado en todo el mundo; sin embargo, para el caso peruano no ha sido así. Es por esto que esta investigación analiza la relación existente o no entre ambas variables. Para esto, se presenta un marco teórico con la evolución del sistema financiero y bancario peruano además de la presentación de literatura previa y el modelo teórico a utilizar. Se plantea como hipótesis que existe una relación positiva y significativa entre el margen y la concentración, cumpliéndose así el Paradigma Estructura-Conducta Desempeño planteado por Bain (1951) y no la Hipótesis de Eficiencia planteada por Demsetz (1973) y Peltzman (1977). Al realizar las estimaciones econométricas correspondientes, mediante Efectos Fijos y Mínimos Cuadrados Generalizados, se encuentra una relación negativa significativa entre las variables estudiadas, así como la importancia de otras variables propias de los bancos como macroeconómicas y de control. Es importante la relación positiva hallada entre la eficiencia operativa y el margen de intermediación financiero, pues se argumenta mediante el estudio de la Hipótesis de Eficiencia. Por último, se plantea la importancia que tiene la supervisión de los bancos por parte de la institución reguladora (SBS) y el incentivo a la libre y leal competencia dentro del sistema financiero y de la banca múltiple. / The impact of banking concentration on financial intermediation spread has been a widely researched topic over the world; however, this has not been the case for Peru. This research analyses the relationship between these two variables. For this, a theoretical framework is presented with the evolution of the Peruvian financial and banking system in addition to the presentation of previous literature and the theoretical model to be used. It is hypothesized that there is a positive and significant relationship between the margin and the concentration, thus fulfilling the Structure-Conduct Performance Paradigm proposed by Bain (1951) and not the Efficiency-Structure Hypothesis proposed by Demsetz (1973) and Peltzman (1977). After the econometric estimation, using Fixed Effects and Feasible Generalized Least Squares, a significant negative relationship is found between the variables studied, as well as the importance of other variables typical of banks and macroeconomic variables. The positive relationship found between operating efficiency and financial intermediation margin is important, as it is argued through the study of the Efficiency Hypothesis. Finally, the importance of the supervision of banks by the regulatory institution (SBS) and the incentive for free and fair competition within the financial system are discussed. / Trabajo de investigación

Au plus fort de la crise, le régime monétaire international se révèle être impuissantlorsqu’il s’agit de limiter la volatilité excessive des taux de change, l’ampleur desdéséquilibres des balances de paiements courants, le développement d'une spéculationeffrénée sur les marchés des changes et l’asymétrie entre pays en excédent et pays endéficit. Cette thèse, qui a eu le mérite d’ouvrir des pistes nouvelles dans lacompréhension des rapports complexes entre les déséquilibres mondiaux et le régimeactuel, a montré que ces déséquilibres sont intrinsèquement rattachés aux défaillances dela structure monétaire internationale. Pour interrompre cette dynamique qui détériore lesdéséquilibres mondiaux, nous proposons que le régime tende vers un système centraliséavec la création d’une monnaie internationale et d’une chambre de compensation. Cettethèse, qui réactualise le plan Keynes, inclut également des dispositions statutaires visant àajuster automatiquement les dettes extérieures aux capacités de paiement des pays. Bienque cette réforme soit une avancée, cette réflexion n’occulte pas les progrès qu’il reste àfaire pour résorber les déséquilibres extérieurs. Pour améliorer l’efficacité et la pérennitédu système des paiements internationaux, il est utile de renforcer la coopération desbanques centrales, notamment dans un contexte marqué par les crises d’endettementextérieur. Dans ce sens, cette thèse montre les opportunités qu’offre la constitution dezones monétaires régionales intégrées dans une union monétaire internationale / At the height of the crisis, the international monetary system is powerless to reduce theinstability of exchange rates, the imbalance of the current account of balance ofpayments, instability of exchange rates and the development of speculation in financialmarkets the and the asymmetry between net exporters countries and net deficits countries.This thesis, which had the merit of opening new tracks in order to understand thecomplex relationships between global imbalances and the actual system, showed thatthese global imbalances are intrinsically linked to the failures of the internationalmonetary structure. To stop the deterioration of global imbalances, we propose that thesystem turns towards an international system payment with the creation of aninternational currency and a clearing house. This thesis, which reactualizes the KeynesPlan, also includes statutory dispositions for automatically adjusting the external debt tothe capacities payment of countries. Although this reform is a step forward, we don’t hidethe progress that can be done to reduce external imbalances. To increase the efficiencyand sustainability of the international payments system, it is useful to boost thecooperation between central banks, particularly in a context marked by the external debtcrises. In this sense, this thesis shows the opportunities which offered the creation ofregional monetary zones which are integrated in a monetary union international

Despite its benefits, online peer-to-peer lending bears the risks associated with traditional forms of institutionalised lending. However, because individuals have taken over the role of the institutional lender, and the institutional participant in this form of lending takes a step back by acting only as an intermediary between the borrowers and lenders, ordinary individuals are left to bear the type of risks that institutions have traditionally borne, but without the same means of doing so. There has been little academic analysis of the role and form that regulation should take in the regulation of peer-to-peer lending and most discussions centre on the American regulatory experience. This thesis sets out to examine the theoretical classification of online peer-to-peer lending and the theoretical and practical justifications for regulating it. The aim is to ascertain the most appropriate way to regulate peer-to-peer lending, taking into account the underlying conceptual model which underpins it. The study adopts a theoretical analysis of P2PL participants and regulation based on the concepts of consumer protection and paternalism. It includes a doctrinal analysis of the UK peer-to-peer lending legislation and regulation to identify, describe and explain the rules pertaining to the industry. It also uses a comparative approach to compare P2PL with existing forms of financial lending and similar (dis)intermediated forms of transacting between individuals to show that online peer-to-peer lending is a unique form of intermediated transaction. The thesis argues that it is important that regulation displays an understanding of the underlying conceptual framework of the business model it aims to regulate. In doing so, it also argues that the peer-to-peer lending users are more than just ‘consumers’. They demonstrate a shift in the conception of individuals from consumers to prosumers because they participate in the production side of the services they receive. It goes further than existing discussions of prosumption by positing the concept of the ‘lendsumer’ to give a more accurate account of the role and experiences of peer-to-peer lenders and the effect this has on their transactional relationships and the risks they face because of this role. Based on this analysis, the thesis shows that the UK regulatory regime has limited suitability because it lacks awareness of the underlying prosumption model of peer-to-peer lending, focusing only on the business-to-consumer aspects. Consequently, it does not resolve all the issues resulting from the tripartite, participatory nature of the peer-to-peer lending transaction. In light of these findings, the thesis proposes the regulatory use of two main concepts and highlights their implications for peer-to-peer lending regulation. The first is the ‘lendsumer’ as a new paradigm of the consumer which has implications for the regulatory protections afforded to the P2P lenders. The second is the use of gatekeeper liability, adapted to online peer-to-peer lending, as a way to affect these protections in light of the particular vulnerabilities and risks experienced by the peer-to-peer lender.