A genealogy of the concept of obscenity is conducted through a case study of John Cleland’s novel, "Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure" (1748-1749), popularly known as "Fanny Hill". Analytic attention is focused on events (i.e. given moments in history characterized by struggle), discourses (i.e. systems of knowledge), and practices (i.e. institutional procedures), all of which are interrelated, and problematizes them with a moral regulation interpretive framework. This dissertation considers how "Fanny Hill" was (re)problematized as obscene through historically specific discursive practices, and how these discursive practices, conceived as the exercise of power in conjunction with systems of knowledge or as projects of moral regulation, had effects on the constitution of subjectivities and social orders. Further, this dissertation problematizes the ways that these discourses, practices and effects – particularly those pertaining to harm – continue into the present.

Esta tese empreende uma análise genealógica das estratégias narrativas presentes no processo de criminalização da pedofilia no Brasil. O principal foco de análise foi a produção discursiva do judiciário e da psiquiatria que constitui objetividades sobre a pedofilia e busca definir o sujeito pedófilo. Para realizar esta pesquisa, foram analisadas diversas fontes de conhecimento que formam os discursos sobre a pedofilia no Brasil e em outros países , tais como textos históricos e teóricos das ciências humanas, uma bibliografia especializada sobre o assunto, manuais prescritivos de ações de combate ao abuso sexual infantil, legislações, e a jurisprudência disponível no Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo (TJSP). Visando realizar uma história crítica do presente, foram ainda problematizadas as representações sobre a criança e o sexo, os pânicos morais em torno das sexualidades dissidentes e a fabricação de subjetividades contemporâneas. / This dissertation undertakes a genealogical analysis of the narrative strategies present in the criminalization process of pedophilia in Brazil. The primary focus of analysis was the discursive production of the judiciary and psychiatry, which creates objectivity about pedophilia and defines the subject pedophile. To accomplish this research, I analyzed the various sources of knowledge that form the discourses on pedophilia in Brazil and other countries such as historical and theoretical texts of human sciences, the specialized literature on the topic pedophilia, prescriptive manuals to prevent child sexual abuse, the legislations, and the jurisprudence available at the São Paulo Justice Court (TJSP). In order to achieve a critical history of the present, I also problematized representations about children and sex, the moral panics around dissident sexualities, and the construction of contemporary subjectivities.

Submitted by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-09T20:24:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 LUCIANO DA ROSA LEAL.pdf: 922298 bytes, checksum: bbd8f1ca1fec36d071c2b3776116a39a (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-09T20:24:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 LUCIANO DA ROSA LEAL.pdf: 922298 bytes, checksum: bbd8f1ca1fec36d071c2b3776116a39a (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-09T20:24:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 LUCIANO DA ROSA LEAL.pdf: 922298 bytes, checksum: bbd8f1ca1fec36d071c2b3776116a39a (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-27 / Reconhecida como uma das raças equinas mais antigas e influentes, o cavalo Árabe tem sua origem indefinida e supostamente heterogênea, a partir dos resultados de estudos de DNA-mitocondrial, que apontaram importante diversidade genética. Considerando o contexto dos desafios ecológicos a que as espécies são submetidas, tais como competição, predação, patologias e outros, a diversidade genética é fundamental na sua adaptação e evolução. Sua avaliação dentro da população é necessária durante a implementação do programa de seleção para estabelecer uma gestão apropriada do estoque genético, sendo determinada pelo tamanho da população base, mas também pelas estratégias de acasalamento. A análise genética de uma população pode ser levada a termo utilizando-se informação genealógica ou molecular. No caso do presente estudo, seu objetivo foi avaliar a diversidade genética do cavalo Árabe no Brasil, através das informações genealógicas contidas do Stud Book Brasileiro do Cavalo Árabe. Foram utilizados os dados de 54506 animais, cuja consistência de seus pedigrees foi avaliada pelo programa Breed Mate Pedigree Software® e os parâmetros populacionais determinados pela análise com o programa Poprep. A idade média dos machos e fêmeas em reprodução foi, respectivamente, 9,8 e 9,0 anos. A rotatividade de éguas em reprodução pode ser considerada alta (59,02%) e o intervalo médio de gerações ao longo do tempo considerado foi de 9,1 anos. Para a análise da endogamia foram definidas 11 classes com intervalos de 5%, onde 4,32% da população correspondeu a níveis acima dos 10%. A média F de endogamia encontrada para a população foi de 1,98%, considerando-se os dados de ancestrais desde 1808, e 2,90%, considerando-se os dados a partir de 1964, quando da criação do Stud Book Brasileiro do cavalo Árabe. Estes resultados são inferiores a alguns encontrados para populações de cavalos Árabes na Europa, observando-se ampla diversidade genética populacional, podendo estar relacionados ao considerável tamanho da população, ao fluxo gênico de um grande número de importações de animais e à ausência de gargalos genéticos importantes. Todavia, a elevada proporção de animais endogâmicos na população e o aumento das médias de endogamia nas últimas duas décadas, sugerem ajustes de seleção, no sentido de prevenir perdas de diversidade genética no futuro. / Recognized as one of the oldest and most influential horse breeds, the Arabian horse has an undefined and, supposedly heterogeneous origin, from the study results of mitochondrial-DNA, which indicate that significant genetic diversity. Considering the context of the ecological challenges that species are submitted, such as competition, predation, disease and others, genetic diversity is crucial in adaptation and evolution. Evaluation within the population is necessary for the implementation of the screening program to establish a proper management of the genetic stock, being determined by the size of the base population, but also for mating strategies. Genetic analysis of a population may be brought to completion by using family or molecular information. In the present study, its purpose was to evaluate the Arabian horse genetic diversity in Brazil, through the genealogical information in the Stud Book Brazilian Arabian Horse. The data of 54,506 animals were used, whose consistency was assessed by their pedigrees Breed Mate Pedigree Software® program and population parameters determined by analysis with Poprep program. The average age of males and females in reproduction was respectively 9.8 and 9.0 years. The turnover of mares in breeding can be considered high (59.02%) and the average generation interval over time considered was 9.1 years. For the analysis of inbreeding 11 classes were defined with 5% intervals where 4.32% of the population corresponded to levels above 10%. The average F of inbreeding found for the population was 1.98%, considering the data ancestors since 1808, and 2.90%, considering the data from 1964, when the creation of the Brazilian Stud Book of Arabian horse. These results are lower than those found in populations of Arabian horses in Europe, observing large population genetic diversity and may be related to the large size of the population, the gene flow of a large number of animal imports and the absence of important genetic bottlenecks. However, the high proportion of inbred animals in the population and the increase in mean inbreeding in the past two decades, suggest selection of adjustments, in order to prevent loss of genetic diversity in the future.

Essa tese tem como ponto de partida e referência a tessitura de uma rede de relações genealógicas e matrimoniais entre os Manoki (e os Mky), falantes de uma língua isolada distribuída em duas variantes dialetais (Irantxe e Mky). Esses coletivos reconhecem um passado comum e habitam atualmente duas Terras Indígenas distintas situadas no vale do rio Juruena, formador do Tapajós, na região noroeste do estado de Mato Grosso. A população manoki é atualmente estimada em 373 pessoas distribuídas em sete aldeias na Terra Indígena Irantxe, localizada em uma área predominantemente de cerrado, na margem esquerda do rio Cravari. Os 129 indivíduos mky vivem em uma única aldeia na Terra Indígena Menkü, região de transição de mata e cerrado circunscrita pelos rios Papagaio e do Sangue. O parentesco é aqui considerado um idioma privilegiado para compreender quem são essas populações, como pensam sua história e as maneiras como modulam suas relações com as diferentes figuras da alteridade, que vão desde as relações internas a este conjunto linguístico, passando pelas relações com os brancos e outros povos ameríndios vizinhos, até chegar ao vasto número de seres dotados de agência, que chamam de espíritos, bichos e assombrações. / This thesis has as a starting point and reference the fabric of a kinship and marriage network among the Manoki (and the Mky), speakers of an isolated language distributed in two dialects (Irantxe and Mky). These Amerindian peoples acknowledges a common past and inhabit nowadays two distinct Indigenous Lands located in the valley of the Juruena river, a tributary of the Tapajós, in the northwestern region of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. Nowadays the Manoki population is estimated over 373 people distributed in seven different villages in the Indigenous Land Irantxe, situated in a predominantly savannah area on the left bank of the Cravari river. The 129 mky individuals live in a single village in the Indigenous Land Menkü, located in an area of transition between forest and savannah circumscribed by the rivers Papagaio and Sangue. Kinship relations are here considered as a privileged idiom to understand who these peoples are, how they think their own history and the ways they modulate their relations with different figures of alterity, ranging from internal relations between the speakers of these dialects, passing through the relations with whites and other Amerindian neighboring peoples and reaching a vast number of beings endowed with agency capabilities, which they call spirits, beasts and spectrums.

This work examines how values seem to be contingent on various factors which affect their growth and development. This study is based around the ethical writings of Friedrich Nietzsche. Specifically, On the Genealogy of Morals serves as the foundation for my thesis. This book contains three essays which purport to show how moral values originated as a result of certain human phenomena rather than, as many people take for granted, from moral “truths.” This contribution to ethics is important because it leaves many questions regarding the value of morality untouched. In the Genealogy, there are numerous themes of Nietzsche’s philosophy which are important to note such as anti-realism and naturalism. However, one of the difficulties of reading Nietzsche is that his writing has been misinterpreted, and it can be difficult to reach a consensus on how to properly understand his meanings. In the paper, I argue that to properly interpret Nietzsche one must recognize that his Genealogy serves two purposes: 1) to shake our faith in morality as “given” or “factual;” and 2) to provide us reasons that moral values might have detrimental effects on human flourishing. To fully appreciate these aspects of the Genealogy, I argue that the historical form of the text is a crucial component which cannot be ignored. Ultimately, if Nietzsche is successful in demonstrating these factors, then it will be shown that morality is contingent upon a plethora of historical factors.

This thesis presents the data extraction of digitized old newspaper content and the implementation of a search function to simplify for the user. This is developed as a master’s degree project at Linköping University. The application allows the user to search for interesting content in a database of articles and can be used by both genealogists, local historians and novices. The database is filled with data from OCR scanned newspapers and the user can either search the database by their own or with the help of their family tree. The family tree is implemented by reading the users GEDcom file and extracting useful information that is then used to get better search results. The result is returned to the user in the form of digital articles. The work concludes that the information from GEDcom files can be used to find new interesting facts and that the user should be allowed to affect how the data is reduced, in the form of article categorization and filtering.

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The study seeks to answer the question: What are the human and cultural factors in the whakapapa process? This research identifies human and cultural factors that will explicitly direct the future design of an Information Systems design and development project. Current systems and approaches come from a western/euro-centric perception of the world (Locus), but much of the data that are to be stored in the system come from unique tribal sources (Demotic). These approaches, the Locus and the Demotic, oppose each other on what to store, how it should be stored and how it may be retrieved. The approaches are the result of cultural patterns that have evolved and raise issues about the treatment of data in information systems. Issues are argued against the work of Foucault and are subsequently addressed before the data that is gathered for the study are analysed. The work of Foucault is adopted and key concepts are arrived at: Kotahitanga/Herkunft, the representation of subtle, singular, and sub-individual marks that may connect and link a person to others, forming a dense network that is difficult to unravel; Hei Ahua/Entstehung, the exact essence nature of something; and, T¯imatanga/Ursprung, the state held at the moment of arising. These establish a framework for the analysis of data. Foucault identifies two types of person, the Genealogist and the Historian. In the study these types are used to represent the approach taken by the Locus and the Demotic. They are contrasted against each other throughout the study to show how their approaches differ in vital ways. The process of comparing and contrasting the Genealogist and the Historian includes qualitative analysis and symbolic interactionism. The ethnographic analysis method, symbolic interactionism, is used to analyse primary data sources. Qualitative analysis is used to analyse secondary sources. Together, they are used to derive a cohesive set of 38 symbols that are recognisable as factors in the development of the information system. The 38 symbols are aggregated to arrive at 29 human and cultural factors in the whakapapa process. The factors can be used to guide the development of an information system for managing complex data structures.

This thesis investigates the process of gathering user requirements for a computer system to support processes involved with Maori genealogy (whakapapa). The two main objectives are: 1). to provide information on users' requirements, and 2). to assess and refine where needed the usability approach and techniques (usability instrument) for such a task.The applied research is informed by usability methods and is emergent in that the aim is to apply the best method for the task at hand, to reflect on outcomes and then do the next step. Initial interviews and some fine-grained analysis of data types from existing data were done. In-depth inquiry into actual users was seen to be needed to get a more detailed picture of not only the specific needs but also to put that into a wider perspective of users' life values and goals. Several interviews were conducted. The usability 'methods' of building personas and user profiling were applied to the data but the end result did not reflect the breadth and difference in users. In-depth analysis of the interview data lead to identification of a number of crucial areas that require further research, importantly; how computer-based systems would enhance the learning relationship and get young people involved and how access, security and validity would be designed. The concept of Maori as a group user was proposed, which includes the roles of knowledge holder, technical expert and end user with each role using the system in a different, but cohesive, way. Further work needs to be done in investigating sub-groups within Maori not covered in this study; particularly young people and people living in rural areas. In summary, the research raised more questions than answers in terms of user requirements, however it did produce applied investigation of methods that can be used to progress the gathering of user requirements and providing a basis for usability.