FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / This research discusses the naturalization of the idea of a âchild with a sayâ in contemporary critical-scientific discourses. This conception was constituted in these discourses so as to criticize the idea of modern childhood, related, among other things, to notions of immaturity and dependence on adults. The figure of subjectivity âchild with a sayâ is used to justify an ensemble of varied practices â juridical (âchild-witnessâ), political (âcitizen child"), mediatic (âprotagonist childâ), educational (âcompetent childâ) â which aims at investing on the child figure for which the constitution of a child as a subject of opinion and representation is determinant. The analysis of this discursive field â which comprises Sociology of Childhood, Anthropology of Childhood, Pedagogy of Childhood and Social Psychology â based on M. Foucaultâs archaeo-genealogy, identified the kinds of statements present in this network, as well as the kind of discourse used. It was noticed that the functioning of these discourses depends on some presuppositions, which, in this research, are denominated mechanisms of critical discursivity. They are: the development of the concept representations of childhood and child, the constitution of the adult as an interdictor, the rediscovery of childhood, speech as a natural possibility and the idealization of the âchildhood with a speechâ. It was concluded that such presuppositions cooperate to produce the âchildhood with a speechâ as evidence, to which knowledge must devote itself and experience. Finally, an assemblage of investigation lines were elaborated and served as a base for the constitution of a genealogy of this subjectivity figure, typical of present times. / Esta pesquisa discute a naturalizaÃÃo da idÃia da âcrianÃa com vozâ pelos discursos crÃtico-cientÃficos contemporÃneos. Essa concepÃÃo foi constituÃda nesses discursos com o objetivo de estabelecer uma crÃtica à idÃia de infÃncia moderna, ligada, dentre outras coisas, Ãs noÃÃes de imaturidade e dependÃncia em relaÃÃo ao adulto. A figura de subjetividade âcrianÃa com vozâ à utilizada para justificar um conjunto de prÃticas variadas - jurÃdicas (âcrianÃa-testemunhaâ), polÃticas (âcrianÃa cidadÃâ), midiÃticas (âcrianÃa protagonistaâ), educativas (âcrianÃa competenteâ) - que tÃm como alvo um tipo de investimento sobre o corpo infantil para o qual à determinante a constituiÃÃo da crianÃa como sujeito de opiniÃo e representaÃÃo. A anÃlise deste campo discursivo - do qual fazem parte a Sociologia da infÃncia, a Antropologia da infÃncia, a Pedagogia da infÃncia, a Psicologia social - a partir da arqueogenealogia de M. Foucault, levou à identificaÃÃo dos tipos de enunciado presentes nesta rede, assim como do tipo de discursividade em jogo. Viu-se que o funcionamento desses discursos depende de alguns pressupostos, os quais se denominam, nesta pesquisa, dispositivos da discursividade crÃtica. SÃo eles: a evoluÃÃo das concepÃÃes de infÃncia e crianÃa, a constituiÃÃo do adulto como um interditor, a redescoberta da infÃncia, a fala como uma possibilidade natural e a idealizaÃÃo da âinfÃncia que falaâ. Concluiu-se que tais pressupostos concorrem para a produÃÃo da âinfÃncia que falaâ como uma evidÃncia, à qual os saberes devem se dedicar a conhecer. Por Ãltimo, elaborou-se um conjunto de linhas de investigaÃÃo que poderiam servir de base à constituiÃÃo de uma genealogia dessa figura de subjetividade caracterÃstica do presente.

Com o controle da raiva nos cães do Estado de São Paulo nos últimos 20 anos, a raiva em animais silvestres, sobretudo nos quirópteros, assume crescente importância, visto que, atualmente, estes são os principais reservatórios para a raiva neste Estado. Apesar dos morcegos manterem ciclos epidemiológicos da raiva há centenas de anos, somente a partir da década de 50 a raiva em morcegos insetívoros foi reconhecida como um problema de saúde publica. Desde então foram feitos muitos avanços na compreensão da raiva nestes animais. Atualmente, o vírus da raiva (RABV) já foi detectado em 37 espécies de morcegos brasileiros, tendo sido determinadas quatro linhagens genéticas específicas associadas a quatros gênero/espécies destes morcegos, três destas exclusivas de morcegos insetívoros. Entretanto, apesar da importância da raiva em morcegos insetívoros, estudos voltados a um conhecimento mais amplo das implicações da diversidade de amostras de RABV detectadas nos mesmos aplicados à Epidemiologia Molecular são escassos. Assim, a presente investigação teve por objetivos estabelecer genealogias para amostras de RABV isoladas de diversas espécies de morcegos insetívoros do Estado de São Paulo a partir de seqüências parciais dos genes N (40 amostras) e G (45 amostras), avaliar a existência de linhagens gênero-específicas do RABV e determinar os marcadores moleculares para sua diferenciação. Foram encontradas linhagens específicas de RABV para os gêneros Myotis, Epitesicus e Nyctinomops e três prováveis linhagens circulantes nos gêneros Tadarida, Histiotus e Lasiurus. Além disso, esta pesquisa revelou marcadores moleculares de aminoácidos específicos para os gêneros Myotis, Eptesicus e Nyctinomops, contribuindo para um melhor entendimento da epidemiologia molecular da Raiva e da relação entre o RABV e gêneros diversos de quirópteros. / As a result of the control of canine rabies in São Paulo State in the last 20 years, rabies in wild animals, mainly in bats, has assumed an increasing importance as the last are currently the most important rabies reservoirs in this State. Despite the fact that bats have maintained epidemiological cycles of rabies for centuries, only in the 50s rabies in insectivorous bats was recognized as a threat for Public Health and several advances have been achieved since then for the comprehension of rabies in these animals. Rabies virus (RABV) has already been detected in 37 species of Brazilian bats and four specific genetic lineages associated to four genera/ species of bats have been determined, three of these exclusive to insectivorous bats. Nonetheless, despite the importance of insectivorous bats rabies, studies on a more comprehensive knowledge on the implications of the diversity of RABV strains detected on these are scarce. Thus, the present investigation aimed to establish genealogies for RABV strains isolated from diverse species from insectivorous bats from São Paulo State based on partial N (40 strains) and G (45 strains ) genes, assess the existence of genus-specific lineages of RABV and to determine molecular markers for its differentiation. Specific RABV lineages where found for the genera Myotis, Epitesicus and Nyctinomops and three other probable lineages circulating in the genera Tadarida, Histiotus and Lasiurus where found as well. Furthermore, this investigation revealed amino acids molecular markers for the genera Myotis, Eptesicus and Nyctinomops, contributing to a better understanding of rabies molecular epidemiology and the relationship amongst RABV and diverse genera of bats.

O coronavírus bovino (BCoV) é classificado no Grupo 2 do gênero Coronavirus da ordem Nidovirales, família Coronaviridae, causando disenteria (disenteria de inverno) em bovinos adultos, diarréia em bezerros neonatos e processos respiratórios em bovinos adultos e jovens. No presente estudo, 21 amostras fecais de vacas leiteiras colhidas durante um surto de disenteria em uma propriedade de Paranapanema no Estado de São Paulo positivas para BCoV foram submetidas a reações de PCR para amplificação parcial dos genes codificadores das proteínas S (448pb) e HE (441pb) do BCoV. Destas amostras, 14 foram positivas para cada PCR (não simultaneamente), sendo os fragmentos amplificados submetidos a seqüenciamento de DNA para reconstrução genealógica por máxima parcimônia através de algoritmo heurístico em conjunto com seqüências homólogas recuperadas do GenBank. Considerando-se o gene S, a identidade de nucleotídeos entre as 14 amostras aqui estudadas foi de 100%, tendo as mesmas segregado em um grupo exclusivo; além disso, demais amostras brasileiras incluídas no estudo segregam em outros dois grupos. Em relação ao gene HE, as 14 amostras estudadas apresentaram identidade de nucleotídeos de 100%, mas a árvore genealógica apresentou topologia pouco resolvida, tendo estas amostras, segregado em grupo politômico com as seqüências homólogas incluídas. Comparações entre os diversos grupos nas árvores do gene S em termos de aminoácidos revelaram marcadores grupo-específicos, com substituições exclusivas para as amostras de BCoV aqui estudadas. Com base nestes resultados, conclui-se que, durante o transcorrer do surto de disenteria de inverno, uma única linhagem de BCoV estava presente, baseado no seqüenciamento parcial dos genes S e HE e que há pelo menos três genótipos de BCoV presentes no Brasil em relação ao gene S e ao menos um em relação ao gene HE, considerando-se as regiões gênicas e as seqüências incluídas no presente estudo. / Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is classified in group 2 of the genus Coronavirus, family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and causes winter dysentery in adult bovine, neonatal calf diarrhea, and respiratory disorders in both adult and young bovine. In this investigation, 21 fecal samples from dairy cows collected during an outbreak of dysentery in a farm located at Paranapanema, São Paulo State, all positive to BCoV, were submitted to PCRs to partial amplification of genes S (448bp) and HE (441bp ) of BCoV. Fourteen out of these samples were positive for each PCR (not simultaneously) and the amplicons were submitted to DNA sequencing for genealogic reconstruction with maximum parsimony and heuristic algorithm with homologous sequences retrieved from the GenBank. Regarding S gene, the nucleotide identity among the 14 strains was 100% and these segregated in an exclusive cluster; furthermore, the other Brazilian strains included in the analysis segregated in other two clusters. Taking into account the HE gene, the 14 strains analyzed presented a nucleotide identity of 100%, but the genealogic tree showed a low-resolved topology, having these samples segregated in a polytomic cluster with the homologous sequences included. Amino acid comparisons among the different clusters in the trees of gene S revealed cluster-specific markers, with exclusive substitutions for the BCoV strains studied herein. Based on these results, one can conclude that, during the winter dysentery outbreak, a single BCoV lineage was involved based on partial S and HE genes sequences and that there are at least three genotypes of BCoV in Brazil regarding S gene and at least one regarding HE gene, taking into account the gene regions and the sequences included in this investigation.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-28T18:46:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Alexandre de Lourdes Laudino.pdf: 959262 bytes, checksum: 0aa2e5baaabbcd7c0051b8750034c0fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-28T18:46:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Alexandre de Lourdes Laudino.pdf: 959262 bytes, checksum: 0aa2e5baaabbcd7c0051b8750034c0fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-25 / This study aims to address the issue of management of populations in Michel Foucault's thinking. We will analise the genealogic methodologythat assesses the modernity as a period in which emerges multiple device control and capture of individuals and also the society. First we discuss genealogy as a methodology that enabled Michel Foucault to understand the emergence of the modernity and the society in political terms (Chapter 1); then we will review the methodology used by Foucault, we will examine his reflections on modern society, and the elements that characterize such society, we will also discuss Foucault's notion of disciplinary society and its characteristics, the control project and social discipline (chapter 2); then we will analyze the effects of biopower in society. We will check also three battlefields: the nation-state, the security and the racism of state as social order elements (Chapter 3); Finally, we will conclude with an assessment of the search results and inthe final considerations, we will reflect with other thinkers on Michel Foucault's reflections discussed in this dissertation. / Este presente estudo direciona-se ao problema do gerenciamento das popula??es no pensamento de Michel Foucault, tendo por objetivo analisar a metodologia geneal?gica, que avalia a modernidade como um per?odo no qual m?ltiplos dispositivos de controle emergem e capturam os indiv?duos e a sociedade. A primeira abordagem ser? sobre a genealogia como uma metodologia que possibilitou Michel Foucault entender a emerg?ncia da modernidade e da sociedade em termos pol?ticos. Em seguida, este trabalho considerar? a metodologia usada por Foucault, examinando suas reflex?es sobre a sociedade moderna e os elementos que a caracterizam, bem como discutir? a no??o de Foucault acerca da sociedade disciplinar e suas caracter?sticas, o projeto de controle e disciplinamento social. Por fim, ser?o analisados os efeitos do biopoder na sociedade. H? tr?s campos de batalhas: o Estado-na??o, a Seguran?a e o Racismo de Estado, como elementos de ordenamento social que passar? por considera??es. Finalmente, ocorrer? a avalia??o do resultado das pesquisas, ? base de reflex?o com os outros pensadores sobre as pondera??es de Michel Foucault, discutidas nesta disserta??o.

Essa tese tem como ponto de partida e referência a tessitura de uma rede de relações genealógicas e matrimoniais entre os Manoki (e os Mky), falantes de uma língua isolada distribuída em duas variantes dialetais (Irantxe e Mky). Esses coletivos reconhecem um passado comum e habitam atualmente duas Terras Indígenas distintas situadas no vale do rio Juruena, formador do Tapajós, na região noroeste do estado de Mato Grosso. A população manoki é atualmente estimada em 373 pessoas distribuídas em sete aldeias na Terra Indígena Irantxe, localizada em uma área predominantemente de cerrado, na margem esquerda do rio Cravari. Os 129 indivíduos mky vivem em uma única aldeia na Terra Indígena Menkü, região de transição de mata e cerrado circunscrita pelos rios Papagaio e do Sangue. O parentesco é aqui considerado um idioma privilegiado para compreender quem são essas populações, como pensam sua história e as maneiras como modulam suas relações com as diferentes figuras da alteridade, que vão desde as relações internas a este conjunto linguístico, passando pelas relações com os brancos e outros povos ameríndios vizinhos, até chegar ao vasto número de seres dotados de agência, que chamam de espíritos, bichos e assombrações. / This thesis has as a starting point and reference the fabric of a kinship and marriage network among the Manoki (and the Mky), speakers of an isolated language distributed in two dialects (Irantxe and Mky). These Amerindian peoples acknowledges a common past and inhabit nowadays two distinct Indigenous Lands located in the valley of the Juruena river, a tributary of the Tapajós, in the northwestern region of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. Nowadays the Manoki population is estimated over 373 people distributed in seven different villages in the Indigenous Land Irantxe, situated in a predominantly savannah area on the left bank of the Cravari river. The 129 mky individuals live in a single village in the Indigenous Land Menkü, located in an area of transition between forest and savannah circumscribed by the rivers Papagaio and Sangue. Kinship relations are here considered as a privileged idiom to understand who these peoples are, how they think their own history and the ways they modulate their relations with different figures of alterity, ranging from internal relations between the speakers of these dialects, passing through the relations with whites and other Amerindian neighboring peoples and reaching a vast number of beings endowed with agency capabilities, which they call spirits, beasts and spectrums.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Worldwide, a greater and more diverse student population participates in higher education now more than ever before as the literature suggests an increase in 'nontraditional' students commonly regarded as adult students, part-time students, working college students, widening participation students, new wave students, millenial students and undocumented students, as examples. Policy imperatives, such as widening participation and flexible provision, have influenced new kinds of student identities beyond the familiar and fixed student categories, of 'traditional' and 'nontraditional', conventionally in use. Problems of 'nontraditional' student identity are compounded when the language and nomenclature in higher education perpetuate only certain kinds of 'nontraditional' student constructs, denoting mainly an increased numerical presence for certain student groups while underarticulating blended student identities and corresponding educational needs for what is arguably a new and growing segment of 'nontraditional' students in higher education today. While 'nontraditional' students are widely reported in the literature as having both an increasing and prevailing presence in higher education internationally, scholarly interest in students constructed in this way appear to be relatively recent and disproportionate when compared with the literature pertaining to higher education students regarded as 'traditional'. But who are these 'nontraditional' students in higher education currently, and are their identities by definition distinct from each other? What is currently denoted by this 'nontraditionalising' nomenclature when the literature progressively regards 'nontraditional' students as the 'new majority', the 'new traditionals' and the 'new normals' in higher education presently? And how different are they from students who may still be conventionally categorised as 'traditional'? This study’s central research question led to the beginnings and continuities of 'nontraditional' students at one South African university, and probed the reasons for what comes into view as varied and uneven institutional portrayals of students historically constructed as adult learners, lifelong learners, recognition of prior learning (RPL), after-hours and part-time students. Recommendations from this study, therefore, encourage awareness and possibly a review of the use of all student nomenclature at the University towards better understanding the 'traditional-nontraditional' range of student. For higher education ecologies worldwide, this study suggests that generalisations about 'traditional' and 'nontraditional' higher education students provide a window only on two main 'types' of student participating in higher education. However, new and transitioning student constructs must also be reflected in the language of higher education presently. When this is not done, the educational identities of all students in higher education are only partially understood and their educational experiences may be compromised. Re-imagining nontraditional student constructs is recommended alongside discourses that make possible teaching and learning arrangements for all higher education students, who find themselves shaping their studenthood along an increasingly blended 'traditional'-'nontraditional' continuum in higher education presently. Finally this study puts forward that perpetuation of jaded nomenclature and misnomers for 'nontraditional' students in higher education may be an indication that the more fundamental and necessary re-imagining of the higher education curriculum for current times is not yet underway.

A long-standing antipathy towards genealogists on the part of archivists is suggested by a study of the archival literature. However, there is evidence in the literature of the past decade to indicate that many archivists are reassessing their position vis a vis genealogists. There appears to be several causes. Social historians and other professionals also acknowledge that genealogical endeavours are helpful to their own purposes. Genealogists themselves recognize that their qualifications and standards must be improved in order for them to command respect. Archivists now recognize the lobbying power that can be exercised by this large user constituency. The literature suggests that all these influences are leading archivists to accept the principle that genealogy and genealogists should receive service and respect that is equal to that afforded academic and other researchers. Interviews with seven archivists at three Canadian provincial archives were conducted. They suggest that different archivists hold different attitudes towards genealogists. One interviewee was clearly antipathetic, but three were impartial and three were frustrated and discouraged, not with genealogists per se, but with the problems inherent in putting the principle of equality into practice. Regardless of the attitude held, each interviewee believed that an improvement in methods of accommodating genealogists would not only aid the genealogist, but would also provide some relief from the pressures of serving this large and varied user constituency. But does such accommodation through adjustments in the functions of appraisal and acquisition, arrangement and description, reference and access, and public programming undermine archival theory? In general, it was found that sound appraisal practices are compromised by an approach driven by the needs of the user; however, genealogical research required no adjustment of arrangement and description practices following the principles of provenance and original order. It was also found that the functions of reference and access, and public programming could meet the needs and approaches of genealogists without jeopardizing the physical and intellectual aspects of the records. / Arts, Faculty of / Library, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School of / Graduate

L’infanticide est généralement associé à un positionnement de femmes dans le rapport exclusif mère / enfant. Ce travail derecherche opère un déplacement de cette problématique de femmes à une problématique de couple entre transmissiongénérationnelle, conjugalité de genre et parentalité. Au travers d’une contextualisation dans l’espace et dans le temps, l’objet de recherche se circonscrit. Dans cette recherche, l’infanticide (néonaticide) interroge le fait pour une femme de ne pas laisser vivre « l’enfant » qu’elle vient de mettre au monde. Le questionnement sur l’émergence de l’enfant dans l’histoire permet de saisir en quoi ce crime est inacceptable dans une société qui instaure des devoirs de protectionde ses enfants. Ainsi peuvent se déconstruire les idées reçues et se repérer les interprétations scientifiques actives pour une meilleure compréhension du phénomène. Ce travail s’étaye des apports psychopathologiques existants. Il propose un modèle dynamique de compréhension du passage à l’acte « infanticidaire ». C’est la mise en lien des processus sous-jacents repérés par une étude clinique de terrain qui permet de penser l’infanticide comme une actualisationconjugale complexe de problématiques singulières empêchant le devenir « parents » / Infanticide is generally associated with the women's position into the exclusive mother and child relationship. A transfer is carried out with this research work from this women’s problematic to a couple’s one between the generation’s transmission, the conjugality of kind and the parenthood concepts. The shape of the research's object is taken through space and time frameworks. In this research work, the concept of infanticide (neonaticide) is questioning about the factthat a woman is not allowing her newborn “child” to live. The thoughts on the emergence of the child into the history let uscatch why this crime is unacceptable within a society which establishes duties for the child welfare. That way, conventional ideas can be dismantled and identified as actives scientifics’ interpretations for a better understanding of the phenomena.This research work is supported by the existing psychopathologics surveys. A dynamic model of understanding the“infanticidary” acting out is then suggested. This is the linkage between underlying processes identified by a clinical survey in this field allows us to think about infanticide as a conjugal complex actualisation of singular’s problems which prevents tobecome “parents”

Orientador: Guilhermo Raul Ruben / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T01:36:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Muniz_CatiaRegina_D.pdf: 2639930 bytes, checksum: 0b16c002f1864bcfa38a65687ea86d94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta tese propõe-se a analisar as trajetórias de uma empresa transnacional, a qual será descrita a partir das narrativas de três gerações de uma família de trabalhadores de uma fábrica localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo. A proposta deste trabalho é muito mais do que apenas contar a história de uma empresa privada, mas escrever sobre as representações que seus trabalhadores e trabalhadoras elaboraram sobre ela, cujos relatos não falam apenas desta empresa, como também de si, de relações, de valores, de política e da história local / Abstract: This work attempts to analyse the selection process practiced within an enterprise of chemistry area in the region of São Paulo. This research privileged the gender relations, using ethnography as a methodological approach. The ethnographic research, conducted in this entrerprise, pursuits to interpret in this relations the representations that workers, women and men, do about ¿female¿ and ¿male¿, the sexual division, the output process and work¿s environment / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

The purpose of this study is to examine how the regular practice of Christmas music in the American public schools came to be. If we understand the historical evolution of this practice, we can better understand our conditions of possibility for the future. Christmas in America is both a religious and cultural holiday. The sacred/secular binary, often used as a lens for analysis, is problematic due to the multitude of religious and cultural meanings that constitute the American Christmas. I utilize genealogical methods to trace the relationships between elements that have conditioned and constrained the practice of Christmas music in the public schools. These elements include the lack of established Christmas traditions and music at the beginning of the eighteenth century, the development of a regular canon of Christmas music in the churches, Sabbath school Christmas exhibitions, and public examinations as a technology of eighteenth century education. I contextualize these elements amongst the cultural history of the American Christmas, which includes a focus on the family, children, gift giving, goodwill, and community. This cultural history is set against a backdrop of nostalgia and ritual that frames Christmas practices. From this perspective, I trace varied examples of Christmas music in the public schools, starting with the nineteenth century end-of-term exercises. Into the twentieth century, I describe different practices, including Christmas music as worship service, variations on the sacred/secular binary, and public school music in the community. Based on this inquiry, I suggest reflexive questions for music teachers when considering Christmas music in the public schools. I also recommend suggestions in place of the current NAfME position statement. I propose that Christmas music be considered a postsecular genre in America. Applying a postsecular lens allows for acknowledgement of the persistence of the sacred/secular divide, in relation to the wide array of other elements that results in a blurriness of the dichotomy. Through application of this lens, the practice of Christmas music in the American public schools becomes both more difficult and more thoughtful.