Yes / The Dean of the School of Health Studies at the University of Bradford, requested a review of the experiences and outcomes amongst undergraduate health professional higher education students with protected characteristics (as defined by the Equality and Human Rights Commission, 2010). The rational for this work was the University of Bradford’s recognition that all students are entitled to a valuable and rewarding university experience regardless of age, ability, gender or ethnicity. Across the higher education sector nationally, it has been suggested that whilst many students benefit from positive outcomes and experiences, some do not. This literature review was undertaken, as a precursor to a wider project, in order to report on current published research illustrating examples of negative and positive student experiences and outcomes in health higher education. Objectives - To review available literature in order to examine the relationship between undergraduate health professional students with protected characteristics and their experiences and outcomes in health higher education. - To identify and report examples of good practice relating to the review aims Method The literature review was undertaken systematically, using a protocol-based approach between 31.01.14 and 31.07.14. Only primary or secondary research data were included in the review. Databases and search terms were pre-specified and literature published between 2010 and 2014 was retrieved. Data bases searched included CINAHL, Medline, ERIC, BHI ASSIA and the Higher Education Academy. Papers were screened at title and abstract against exclusion criteria and eligible papers were included in the review. Results Thirty seven papers were included in this review. Data were broadly organized and displayed through the Equality and Human Rights Commission (2010) protected characteristics categories. These included the presentation of three categories: disability, gender and ethnicity. No papers relating to age were included. Data describing both negative and positive student experiences and outcomes was presented in the context of medical, nursing and allied health professions. Discussion Findings were presented in a narrative format. Included literature predominantly centred on pre-registration nursing students and ethnicity. There were more examples of negative student experiences and outcomes with fewer positive examples to report. Further empirical and secondary research focusing on age, disability, gender and ethnicity is required. The review also highlights the need to examine each protected characteristic student group independently to enable closer examination of specific issues.

Yes / Reviewing factors that affect work challenges is crucial for any organization as it has an impact of organizational commitment for a better service delivery and job satisfaction. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of dental health professionals (DHPs) on work challenges and the impact it has on job satisfaction in Fiji. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, qualitative method approach (nationwide) was done commencing from August to November, 2021. DHPs who provide prosthetic services in Fiji were selected using purposive selection located at Nakasi Dental Clinic, Lautoka Dental Clinic, Labasa Dental Clinic, and Fiji National University. A total of 29 DHPs participated in the in-depth interview, and the responses were grouped into nine themes: working conditions, the location of practice, equipment and material, a lack of specialization, service delivery, organizational support, remuneration, career development, and promotions. A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire in the form of an interview via a virtual platform—Zoom was used for data collection. Thematic analysis was used to transcribe and analyze the audio recordings. Results: The findings from the study indicated that factors such as working conditions, the location of practice, equipment and material, a lack of specialization, service delivery, organizational support, remuneration, career development, and promotions were associated with work challenges. Conclusion: Gaps and areas for the improvement of work challenges and its impact on job satisfaction were identified for DHPs who provide prosthetic services in Fiji such as a need for more career and professional development pathways, improved infrastructure to support prosthetic service delivery, and better remuneration.

Yes / Reviewing job satisfaction is crucial as it has an impact on a person's physical and mental wellbeing, as well as leading to a better organizational commitment of employees that enhances the organizations succession and progress as well as better staff retention. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of job satisfaction amongst Dental Health Professionals (DHPs) in Fiji and associated factors. This study used a phenomenological qualitative method approach commencing from August to November, 2021. The target group for this study were the DHPs who provide prosthetic services. This study was conducted among DHPs from 4 purposively selected clinics in Fiji. A semi- structured open-ended questionnaire was used to collect data. Thematic analysis was used to transcribe and analyze the audio qualitative data collected from the interviews. Twenty-nine DHPs took part in the in-depth interview and the responses were grouped into three themes. The findings from the study indicate that DHPs are most satisfied with their teamwork and the relationship they have with their colleagues and co-workers, followed by the nature of the work and the supervision they received. The participants indicated that they were less satisfied with professional development opportunities and least satisfied with their pay and organizational support they receive. The results of this study have identified gaps and areas for improvement of job satisfaction for DHPs who provide prosthetic services in Fiji such as need for more career and professional development pathways, improved infrastructure to support prosthetic service delivery in Fiji and improve remuneration for DHPs. Understanding the factors that affect satisfaction levels and being able to act accordingly are likely to lead to positive outcomes both for DHPs and their organization.

No description available.

Thesis(MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / Background: Community service health professionals working in rural areas experience challenges such poor accommodation, poor supervision, unavailability of equipment and medication. The majority of studies focussed on doctors, with a few including dentists and pharmacists. This study intended to establish the experiences of community service health professionals in all professions. Objective(s): The objectives of the study were to describe and explore the experiences of community service health professionals. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to select community service health professionals for the study. Face to face interviews with community service health professionals were conducted to collect data. Community service health professionals were interviewed until data saturation was reached. The Tesch‘s eight steps were used to analyze data. Results: The study findings indicated that community service health professionals experienced challenges relating to accommodation, supervision and unavailability of equipment and medication. Conclusions: Community service health professionals are experiencing challenges regarding working in Limpopo province rural hospitals. It is recommended that the government should allocate more funds to health care services to address the challenges faced by community service health professionals

Os profissionais cuidam dos doentes de acordo com seus conceitos e crenças. Buscou-se analisar as crenças sobre dor crônica não oncológica dos profissionais de saúde que atendem doentes com dor crônica em Centros de Dor da cidade de São Paulo, por meio do Inventário de Atitudes frente à Dor-profissionais. Nove (81,8%) dos onze Centros de Dor identificados concordaram em participar. Os profissionais preencheram ficha de caracterização pessoal, profissional e o Inventário de Atitudes frente à Dor-profissionais, adaptado do Inventário de Atitudes frente à dor-versão breve (IAD-breve), utilizado para doentes. Foram entrevistados 75 profissionais (59,5%). A média de idade foi 42,8 anos (DP=10,5), a distribuição foi semelhante entre os sexos e o tempo médio de graduação foi 16 anos (DP=9,9). A maioria dos profissionais eram médicos 58,7%, seguidos pelos fisioterapeutas (42,7%) e dentistas (10,7%). A maioria (42,7%) possuía especialização e 26,7%, mestrado ou doutorado. Sessenta por cento dos profissionais auto-avaliaram sua experiência com doentes com dor crônica como mediana e 44,0% relataram atender mais que 20 doentes ao mês. O IAD-versão profissional foi validado com 20 itens, a análise fatorial confirmou 6 domínios (emoção, controle, incapacidade, solicitude, cura médica e dano físico) e a confiabilidade dos domínios, avaliada por meio do alfa de Cronbach, variou entre 0,567 a 0,807, valores considerados moderados e bons. Os profissionais mostraram crenças “fortemente desejáveis" nos domínios controle (3,1) e emoção (3,7) e “moderadamente desejáveis" nos domínios dano físico (1,2) e incapacidade (1,5); crença “fortemente não desejável" foi encontrada no domínio cura médica (3,4) e “moderadamente não desejável" no domínio solicitude (2,5). Visando identificar se diferenças nas crenças poderiam estar relacionadas às características demográficas e profissionais, foram compostos 3 clusters: médicos/ pós-graduados; não médicos/especializados/ pouco experiente e graduados/dor crônica oncológica. A comparação entre os clusters não mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significantes. A inexistência de diferenças indicou que variáveis como profissão, sexo, idade, nível de escolaridade e de experiência não influiu nas crenças dos profissionais frente à dor crônica. As crenças “indesejáveis" manifestadas pelos profissionais de que solicitude é desejável e que se pode esperar cura para dor crônica não oncológica indicam a necessidade de incorporação de novos conceitos na prática clínica. Crenças não adequadas podem levar a equívocos na condução no tratamento como reforçar expectativas irrealistas, aumentar a incapacidade e a dependência. / Health professionals assist patients according to their concepts and beliefs. This study analyzed the beliefs of health professionals who assist patients with nonmalignant chronic pain, in different Pain Clinics in Sao Paulo – Brazil, using the Pain Attitude Inventory - Professionals. Nine (9) out of 11 Pain Clinics, (81.8%) identified in Sao Paulo, agreed to participate. The professionals completed a Personal and Professional Characterization Profile and the Pain Attitude Inventory – Professionals, adapted from the Survey of Pain Attitudes–Brief (SOPA-B). Seventy five (75) professionals were interviewed (59.5%). The mean age was 42.8 years (SD=10.5), the distribution regarding gender was similar, and they had a mean of 16 years (SD= 9.9) since graduation; the majority were physicians (58.7%), followed by physical therapists (42.7%) and dentists (10.7%); many of the respondents had completed specialization courses (42.7%), and 26.7% had a master or doctorate degree; 60% of the professionals self-assessed their experience with patients with nonmalignant chronic pain as moderate and 44.0% stated that they assist over 20 patients per month. The Pain Attitude Inventory – Professionals was validated with 20 items, the factorial analysis confirmed 6 domains (emotion, control, disability, solicitude, cure and harm), and the reliability of the domains, assessed by Chronbach’s alfa, ranged from 0.567 and 0.807, values which are considered moderate to good. The professionals showed beliefs that were “strongly desirable" in the control (3.1), and emotion (3.7) domains, and “moderately desirable" beliefs in the harm (1.2), and disability (1.5) domains; and “strongly undesirable" beliefs in the cure domain (3.4) and finally “moderately undesirable" beliefs in the solicitude domain (2.5). In order to identify if differences in beliefs could be related to demographic and professional characteristics, three (3) clusters were formed: physicians/post-graduation; non-physicians/specialization courses/ little experience; and graduates/ oncology pain. The comparison between these clusters did not show any statistically significant differences. This inexistence of differences indicated that variables such as profession, gender, age, educational level and years of professional experience did not influence the beliefs of health professionals concerning chronic pain. The “undesirable" beliefs expressed by the health professionals, that “solicitude" is desirable and that a cure for nonmalignant chronic pain is highly possible, indicate that there is a need for the incorporation of new concepts in clinical practice. Inadequate beliefs can mislead the conduction of treatment as well as reinforce unrealistic expectations, and cause increases in incapacity and dependence.

Os profissionais cuidam dos doentes de acordo com seus conceitos e crenças. Buscou-se analisar as crenças sobre dor crônica não oncológica dos profissionais de saúde que atendem doentes com dor crônica em Centros de Dor da cidade de São Paulo, por meio do Inventário de Atitudes frente à Dor-profissionais. Nove (81,8%) dos onze Centros de Dor identificados concordaram em participar. Os profissionais preencheram ficha de caracterização pessoal, profissional e o Inventário de Atitudes frente à Dor-profissionais, adaptado do Inventário de Atitudes frente à dor-versão breve (IAD-breve), utilizado para doentes. Foram entrevistados 75 profissionais (59,5%). A média de idade foi 42,8 anos (DP=10,5), a distribuição foi semelhante entre os sexos e o tempo médio de graduação foi 16 anos (DP=9,9). A maioria dos profissionais eram médicos 58,7%, seguidos pelos fisioterapeutas (42,7%) e dentistas (10,7%). A maioria (42,7%) possuía especialização e 26,7%, mestrado ou doutorado. Sessenta por cento dos profissionais auto-avaliaram sua experiência com doentes com dor crônica como mediana e 44,0% relataram atender mais que 20 doentes ao mês. O IAD-versão profissional foi validado com 20 itens, a análise fatorial confirmou 6 domínios (emoção, controle, incapacidade, solicitude, cura médica e dano físico) e a confiabilidade dos domínios, avaliada por meio do alfa de Cronbach, variou entre 0,567 a 0,807, valores considerados moderados e bons. Os profissionais mostraram crenças “fortemente desejáveis” nos domínios controle (3,1) e emoção (3,7) e “moderadamente desejáveis” nos domínios dano físico (1,2) e incapacidade (1,5); crença “fortemente não desejável” foi encontrada no domínio cura médica (3,4) e “moderadamente não desejável” no domínio solicitude (2,5). Visando identificar se diferenças nas crenças poderiam estar relacionadas às características demográficas e profissionais, foram compostos 3 clusters: médicos/ pós-graduados; não médicos/especializados/ pouco experiente e graduados/dor crônica oncológica. A comparação entre os clusters não mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significantes. A inexistência de diferenças indicou que variáveis como profissão, sexo, idade, nível de escolaridade e de experiência não influiu nas crenças dos profissionais frente à dor crônica. As crenças “indesejáveis” manifestadas pelos profissionais de que solicitude é desejável e que se pode esperar cura para dor crônica não oncológica indicam a necessidade de incorporação de novos conceitos na prática clínica. Crenças não adequadas podem levar a equívocos na condução no tratamento como reforçar expectativas irrealistas, aumentar a incapacidade e a dependência. / Health professionals assist patients according to their concepts and beliefs. This study analyzed the beliefs of health professionals who assist patients with nonmalignant chronic pain, in different Pain Clinics in Sao Paulo – Brazil, using the Pain Attitude Inventory - Professionals. Nine (9) out of 11 Pain Clinics, (81.8%) identified in Sao Paulo, agreed to participate. The professionals completed a Personal and Professional Characterization Profile and the Pain Attitude Inventory – Professionals, adapted from the Survey of Pain Attitudes–Brief (SOPA-B). Seventy five (75) professionals were interviewed (59.5%). The mean age was 42.8 years (SD=10.5), the distribution regarding gender was similar, and they had a mean of 16 years (SD= 9.9) since graduation; the majority were physicians (58.7%), followed by physical therapists (42.7%) and dentists (10.7%); many of the respondents had completed specialization courses (42.7%), and 26.7% had a master or doctorate degree; 60% of the professionals self-assessed their experience with patients with nonmalignant chronic pain as moderate and 44.0% stated that they assist over 20 patients per month. The Pain Attitude Inventory – Professionals was validated with 20 items, the factorial analysis confirmed 6 domains (emotion, control, disability, solicitude, cure and harm), and the reliability of the domains, assessed by Chronbach’s alfa, ranged from 0.567 and 0.807, values which are considered moderate to good. The professionals showed beliefs that were “strongly desirable” in the control (3.1), and emotion (3.7) domains, and “moderately desirable” beliefs in the harm (1.2), and disability (1.5) domains; and “strongly undesirable” beliefs in the cure domain (3.4) and finally “moderately undesirable” beliefs in the solicitude domain (2.5). In order to identify if differences in beliefs could be related to demographic and professional characteristics, three (3) clusters were formed: physicians/post-graduation; non-physicians/specialization courses/ little experience; and graduates/ oncology pain. The comparison between these clusters did not show any statistically significant differences. This inexistence of differences indicated that variables such as profession, gender, age, educational level and years of professional experience did not influence the beliefs of health professionals concerning chronic pain. The “undesirable” beliefs expressed by the health professionals, that “solicitude” is desirable and that a cure for nonmalignant chronic pain is highly possible, indicate that there is a need for the incorporation of new concepts in clinical practice. Inadequate beliefs can mislead the conduction of treatment as well as reinforce unrealistic expectations, and cause increases in incapacity and dependence.

Whilst differing perspectives can be an asset, they have also been found to lead to conflict and misunderstanding in multidisciplinary practice. Evidence suggests that different mental health disciplines hold differing attitudes towards mental disorder, reflecting differing implicit models held. To contribute to our understanding of this problem the present study investigates psychologists’ concepts of mental disorder, building on a pilot study conducted by Harland et al. with psychiatrists (2009). The Maudsley Attitude Questionnaire was used in an online survey of trainee clinical psychologists (N = 288). Principal components analysis was used to investigate implicit models. It was hypothesised that psychologists’ understandings of mental disorder would differ from psychiatrists'. The findings showed that psychologists endorsed different models for different diagnostic categories of mental disorder. Psychologists favoured the social realist model overall. Principal components reflecting a biological-psychosocial continuum, and scales of cognitive/behavioural and psychodynamic/spiritual model endorsement were revealed. The study concluded that, when compared to the findings of Harland et al. (2009), psychologists appear to make more use of psychosocial and less use of biological factors in their understanding of mental disorder than do psychiatrists. There appear to be fundamental differences in psychologists' and psychiatrists’ implicit models of mental disorder. A greater emphasis on multidisciplinary training initiatives is recommended.

Bakgrund: Ett barn dagligen drabbas av cancersjukdom i Sverige. Föräldrarna har en viktig del i vården som följer. Cancern leder till stora livsförändringar hos familjen och framkallar många olika känslor. Vården ska anpassas efter hela familjens behov och familjen ska göras delaktiga i vården. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka föräldrars upplevelse att ha ett barn som lider av cancer, samt hur de upplever att sjuksköterskan kan underlätta deras nya livssituation. Metod: En litteraturöversikt där 11 vetenskapliga artiklar ligger till grund. Resultat: Alla reagerade olika och det fanns många olika känslor som föräldrarna upplevde. Många föräldrar upplevde ett förändrat föräldraskap, då de kände sig osäkra på sin föräldraroll. Ett cancerbesked gjorde det svårt att planera framtiden och vardagen förändrades, då fokus låg på det sjuka barnets vård. Cancer gjorde att föräldrarna fick nya perspektiv och inte längre tog livet för givet. Information var något föräldrarna upplevde som viktigt. De ville ha all information och att den förmedlades på ett bra sätt och med känsla. Sjuksköterskan är ofta nära föräldrarna därmed utgör de ett stort stöd. Föräldrarna upplevde att sjuksköterskan hade ett stort ansvar att prata med och stötta dem i deras välmående under barnets sjukdom. Slutsats: Många känslor är inblandade när ens barn lider av cancer, det är svårt att förutse hur föräldrarna kommer reagera eftersom alla har unika upplevelser. Sjuksköterskan kan underlätta situationen genom god kommunikation och adekvat information. Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan skapar ett band till familjen, för att stötta dem genom en svår tid. / Background: In Sweden one child is daily diagnosed with cancer. Parents have an important role in the care. A cancer diagnose is life changing for everybody and induces a lot of different feelings. The health care should be adapted to the whole family ́s need and the family should be involved in the health care. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine parents experience to have a child diagnosed with cancer and how they believe the nurse can facilitate in their new life situation. Method: A review based on 11 scientific articles. Result: All parents responded different and expressed different feelings. Many parents experienced a changed parenthood. The cancer diagnose made it difficult to plan for the future. Their everyday life changed, since focus was on the ill child. The diagnose gave new perspectives and they no longer took life for granted. The parents believed that information was important. They wanted as much information as possible and that the nurse delivered it in a good way. The nurse is often the one the parents connects to, which makes them a big support. The parents believed that the nurse had a responsibility to talk to and support the parent’s witch contributed to their wellbeing.Conclusion: A lot of feelings are involved when the child is diagnosed with cancer, it is hard to predict how the parents will react because everybody are unique. The nurse can support parents in the situation through good communication and adequate information. It is important that the nurse have a close interaction with the family, in order to support them.

Clinical leadership and compassionate care in the NHS have become priorities in influential papers and policies. There is a paucity of research to underpin conceptualisations of compassionate leadership and of leadership development in clinicians in the NHS, particularly clinical psychologists who may be able to lead in healthcare environments in unique ways due to the values and competencies of their profession. This present study sought to use a grounded theory approach to build a preliminary model of the transformational process of how clinical psychologists may evolve into compassionate leaders. Twelve clinical psychologists from varied specialities and with different years of experience took part in semi-structured qualitative interviews. Their data were analysed using a grounded theory methodology involving open, selective and theoretical coding. The findings indicate that psychologists may develop as leaders through their personalities and sense of mission, through reaching out to and being accepted by colleagues and through leading by doing. Participants who became compassionate in leadership seemed to be enabled by reflection, supervision and being treated with compassion. These findings are discussed with regard to extant theory and literature. Clinical and theoretical implications and a methodological critique are discussed.