Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 222-228).

Due to globalization and technical development, organizations continually need to change to be able to retain their competitive force. This highlights the need for formal management meetings to lead and develop the organization. The purpose of this study is to examine how eight meeting participants experience a Swedish municipality’s management teams. To understand the management meeting’s functions for the organization, its tasks and the individuals themselves, Robert Merton’s functionalist theory with manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions will be used. Furhermore, how the management meetings can be understood on the basis of Erving Goffman’s concepts front and back stage and team performance will be analysed. The results of this study show that the management teams create both manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions which have an impact on the organization at many levels. The management team will result in the development of the organization, and to the promotion and enforcement of the vision. It will also monitor the operations of the organization and entail a deeper understanding for the internal actions. The members of the management team learn to approach their tasks in new ways and improve their motivation. At the level of the individual, the management team will help the individual to grow as a human being, but also professionally and in his or her position as a leader. Being a member of the management team implies expectations, but the management team also offers support. To sum up, the management team is important for the organization and entail relevant functions. In order to make the management team as efficient as possible, the dysfunctions must also be analysed. Based on Goffman’s theory, it is possible to state that the management meeting gives the participants a front stage and back stage, and that they are themselves alternately in the different stages. / Globalisering och teknisk utveckling bidrar till att organisationer ständigt är i behov av förändring för att kunna bibehålla sin konkurrenskraft. Detta aktualiserar behovet av formella ledningsmötenmed uppgift att leda och utveckla organisationen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur åtta mötesdeltagare upplever en svensk kommuns ledningsgrupper. För att förstå vilka funktioner ledningsmötet har för organisation, arbetsuppgiften och individen används Robert Mertons funktionalistiska analys med manifesta och latenta funktioner samt dysfunktioner. Studien analyserar dessutom hur ledningsmötet kan förstås utifrån Erving Goffmans begrepp främre och bakre regioner samt teamframträdande. Studiens resultat visar att det går att se att ledningsgruppen skapar såväl manifesta som latenta funktioner och manifesta och latenta dysfunktioner vilka påverkar flera av organisationens nivåer. Ledningsmötet leder bland annat till en utveckling av organisationen, samt att en levande vision skapas och upprätthålls, att organisationens arbete följs upp och att organisationsmedlemmarnas förståelse för den interna verksamheten ökar. Mötesdeltagarna får med hjälp av ledningsmötet ett annat förhållningsätt för sina arbetsuppgifter, både en ökad förmåga att genomföra sina uppgifter och en ökad motivation. De funktioner som ledningsmötet skapar på individnivå är att mötesdeltagarna utvecklas som individer. Dessutom skapar ledningsmötet förväntningar på att deltagarna ska prestera, men är också en plats där de kan få hjälp och stöd. Resultatet visar att ledningsmötet är betydelsefullt för organisationen och leder till många relevanta funktioner, men också att det finns ett behov av att kartlägga dysfunktionernaför att skapar förutsättningar att ledningsmötet ska genomsyra verksamheten så effektivt som möjligt. Resultatet som framkom utifrån analysen av Goffmans begrepp visade att ledningsmötet erbjuder deltagarna en bakre och en främre region och att de växelvis befinner sig i de olika regionerna. Resultatet visar därmed att de olika regionerna inte enbart behöver ses som tydligt uppdelade utan i stället kan existera i samverkan och överlappa varandra.

This study has sought answers through semi-structured qualitative interviews with MICE companies from a global perspective, about their experience and experience before and during Covid-19 to gain an insight into the effects of pandemics (Rwigema, P. C. 2020). The study has been based on interviews with nineteen respondents who work within MICE companies and to get the global perspective, the answers from 4 Zoom interviewers and 15 who answer the questionnaire, these people are from different countries.  The material collected has been analyzed together with the theoretical frame of reference which is Butler's TALC model to identify a destination's renewal phase where dramatic changes are made on all levels to give the destination new life and PESTEL framework to identify the various aspects the company uses in the process of Covid-19 effects (Rwigema 2020). Furthermore, the empirical material is also strengthened together with previous research on the main thematizations presented in this study.  The results of the study shed light on how MICE companies have been affected by Covid-19 and how they believe that the corona crisis can best be remedied (Roy, A., Suresh, P., & Nirmal, S. S. 2020). The study shows the extent to which MICE companies have been affected by the pandemic and the obstacles they have encountered along the way. The different parts of the result are in line with the theoretical frame of reference described together with the empirical material of the study.  The more in-depth analysis of the material from the interviews also shows that this type of study can provide additional information in aspects that play a major role in future further studies in the subject as this situation is in an ongoing constant change and development phase. In addition, it is important to mention that this study's focus is to place weight in the survey material based on the conditions that the time frame prior to the survey has provided space for. Several aspects are highlighted during the course of the study, which we believe may play a significant role in further research. The final decision-making in delimitations this study has had, therefore, provides additional scope for further research on the subject. (Roy, A., Suresh, P., & Nirmal, S. S. 2020) / Denna studie har sökt svar genom intervjuer med respondenter från MICE företag i olika länder, för att från företagets perspektiv höra om deras upplevelse och erfarenhet innan och under Covid-19 och få en inblick kring pandemins effekter (Rwigema, P. C. 2020). Studien har byggts på strukturerade (mail intervjuer) samt semistrukturerad (inspelade intervjuer via zoom) med en kvalitativ ansats. Sammanlagt har nitton respondenter som arbetar inom MICE företag deltagit i studien, 4 Zoom intervjuer och 15 mail intervjuer. För att få med det globala perspektivet är svaren från respondenterna som deltog i studien från olika länder. Materialet som samlats in har analyserats tillsammans med den teoretiska referensramen som är Butlers TALC modell för att identifiera en destinations förnyelse fas där dramatiska förändringar på alla plan görs för att ge destinationen nytt liv, PESTEL ramverk har använts för att identifiera de olika aspekter som företaget använder sig av i processen av Covid-19 effekter (Rwigema 2020). samt GAP som ett analysverktyg till teorin. Vidare stärks det empiriska materialet även tillsammans med tidigare forskning kring de huvudsakliga tematiseringar som framställts i denna studie.  Studiens resultat belyser hur MICE företag påverkats av Covid-19 och hur de anser att corona krisen bäst kan avhjälpas. Studien visar i vilken utsträckning MICE företagen har påverkats av pandemin och vilka hinder de mött på vägen. Resultatets olika delar går i linje med den teoretiska referensramen tillsammans med studiens empiriska material. Den mer djupgående analysen av materialet från intervjuerna visar även att denna typ av studie kan ge ytterligare information i aspekter som spelar en stor roll i kommande vidare studier i ämnet då denna situation är i en pågående ständig förändring och utvecklingsfas. Därutöver är det viktigt att nämna att denna studie har som fokus att lägga tyngd i undersökningens material utifrån de förutsättningar tidsramen inför undersökningen har gett utrymme för. Flera aspekter uppmärksammas under studiens gång vilket vi anser kan ha en betydande roll i vidare forskning. Det slutliga beslutstagandet i avgränsningar denna studie har, ger därför ytterligare utrymme att forska vidare i ämnet. (Roy, A., Suresh, P., & Nirmal, S. S. 2020)

This dissertation is about collaboration as an organizational practice that is communicatively constituted. Specifically, I examine how members of a team in an English language program located in a large southeastern university in the United States make sense of what they define as a collaborative work environment and materialize it in their meetings in spoken and written discourse, and in their mention and use of organizational artifacts. Though the study examines the practices of one organizational setting, the insights generated illuminate broader organizational and discourse dynamics and speak to important issues in the discipline of communication such as authority, leadership, organization sensemaking, materiality, and the role of texts in organizations. The data in this dissertation consists of spoken and written discourse. The spoken and written discourse data consist of 11 audiorecorded and transcribed meetings. To collect these data, I attended team meetings for a period of one year. I transcribed selected meeting data, and analyzed this data using a tool kit called discourse analysis. The written discourse data I examine is comprised of two documents: The Statement of Core Values and the Philosophy on Teamwork. My analysis shows how team members operating in a collaborative environment favor strategies that lead to consensus. These strategies include the use of politeness strategies such as the use of mitigating and inclusive language. Team members also use discursive strategies that demonstrate top down leadership and authority, albeit marked by indirectness. I offer practical recommendations for practice starting with the idea that collaboration does not have meaning outside of communication; collaboration means what the members of a discourse community say it means. I contend that discourse analysis can be a useful tool for organizational members as it can help them become mindful of the language they use and its constitutive force in the workplace. I also offer suggestions that can help organizations retroactively make sense of their organizational texts to ensure that they are accountable to others for what their organizations stand for.

Background: Drug abuse is a global health problem and it's growing every day. Patients with a drug addiction leap a higher risk at hospitals because of their background history, patients are stigmatized as manipulative, shameful, aggressive and violent. It’s important that Nurses who will be taking care of patients with drug know their role and can see other factors then just what meets the eye. Purpose: The goal is to have nurses with the knowledge and experience to promote health in patients with a drug addiction. Method: This method" were found in two different databases, PsycInfo and PubMed. The eight scientific articles found for the result were examined on the basis of Polit and Beck's nine-step model. Result: It is important that nurses are offered extra training on patients with a drug addiction in order to alleviate the patients suffering. Conclusions: Take each patient as a unique case and give care based on their special need.

Sharp rises in overdose deaths nationally coincided with the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic. Rural Appalachia, known for high rates of substance use and barriers to health care in general, was suspected to be disproportionately impacted in terms of recovery supports such as 12-step recovery meetings. This study investigated the availability of recovery meetings in South Central Appalachia before and after COVID-19 lockdowns. The number of confirmed recovery meetings was compared before and after COVID-19 lockdowns by geographic location (i.e., rural/nonrural and medium metro/small metro/micropolitan/noncore). Recovery meeting data were systematically collected through interviews with community contacts, reviewing social media and websites, making phone calls, and sending emails and surveys and updated longitudinally. There was no significant change in the number of meetings from pre- (n = 189) to post-COVID-19 (n = 178). There was no significant shift in meeting location when dichotomizing by rural/nonrural classification, χ²(1) = 2.76, p = .097, π = −0.087. Chi-square test of independence did reveal a significant change in number of recovery meetings by location when using four location classifications, χ²(3) = 7.97, p = .047, Cramer’s V = 0.147. There was a noteworthy rise in the meetings in small metro (36.5%–51.1%), with all other locations declining. The establishment and reestablishment of recovery meetings in rural communities should be prioritized to address the longstanding scarcity of recovery resources in rural locations, recent decline in such support, and the rise in overdose deaths.

The concept of worship projected in this study is the broad Isaiah pattern of worship of awareness of God, restructuring of the life of the individual, and dedication of the worshiper in service. From this concept, standards of worship are set forth by which Latter-day Saint worship is evaluated.

This research is a replication of part of Dr. Catherine Price's dissertation study "An Empirical Study of Professional Association Meetings from the Perspective of Attendees" (1993). The paper presented is a research study in the area of meeting/conference attendee preferences. This research tested which attributes of meeting selection were of importance to a particular population. Dr. Price (1993) identified four variables as important attributes for attendees in their selection of a meeting. They were: a) education, b) leadership, c) networking, and d) professional savvy. The primary hypothesis was directed at confirming the validity of these attributes. Four factors emerged in the analysis of this study. Three factors were identical to the Price (1993) study. These factors were: a) education, b) leadership, and c) networking. The fourth factor that emerged was named potpourri. Ultimately, this study attempted to be significant in assisting meeting planners in the preparation of more effective meetings. / Master of Science

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Digitaliseringen driver fram ny teknik och förändrade konsumtionsbeteenden. De flesta företag är överens om att det är viktigt att etablera digitala tjänster och kanaler till sina kunder som förstärker kundrelationer. En digitalisering av fysiska kundmöten kan dock vara en utmaning i en organisation som har haft långsiktiga och personliga möten som ett koncept för framgång. Denna studie undersöker vilket värde som företag och kunder får i fysiska möten och vad som krävs för att det ska skapas samma värde i digitala möten. Målet är att identifierar vilka parametrar som är viktiga i kundmöten och hur väl dessa skapar värde i både fysiska och digitala möten. För att identifiera parametrar har det utförts en litteraturstudie, medarbetare och kunder som deltar i kundmöten på företaget WSP har intervjuats samt så har en enkät skickats ut till kunder som deltar i kundmöten. Empirin från intervjuerna och enkäterna har sammanställts och parametrar från tidigare studier har bekräftats, men även nya har upptäckts. Resultatet tyder på att kommunikationsinnehållet och behovet av att utveckla relationer är det största faktorerna som påverkar beslutet om digitala eller fysiska möten ska användas. Vidare så är det viktigt att valet av mötesform anpassas efter syftet med mötet samt efter vilken fas som relationen befinner sig i. Detta för att öka mötets effektivitet och för att skapa starka relationer. I början av en relation krävs det möten som bidrar till uppbyggnad av tillit och ett visat engagemang. Dessutom har även parametrarna kompetens, förståelse, trovärdighet, tillit och trevligt uppträdande betydande roll för att skapa värde i möten. Medan lyhördhet och kommunikation är grundförutsättningar för att skapa värde i alla mötesformer. / Today’s customer meetings are undergoing a change from focusing on individual channels to an optimized experience through all channels. Most companies agree that it is important to establish digital services and channels that strengthen customer relations. However, digitizing physical customer meetings can be a challenge in an organization that has had long-term and personal meetings as a concept of success. This study investigates the value that companies and customers receive in meeting in person and what it takes to create the same value in digital meetings. The goal is to identify which parameters are important in customer meetings and how well they create value in both physical and digital meetings. To identify parameters, a literature study, interviews with employees and customers participating in customer meetings at the company WSP have been conducted and a survey has been sent to customers who participate in customer meetings. The data from the interviews and the survey have been compiled and parameters from previous studies have been confirmed, but new have also been discovered. The result indicates that the need of communication and to develop relationships is the key factors that influence the decision whether digital or physical meetings should be used. The decision is also influenced by time and space constraints. Furthermore, the choice of meeting form depends on the purpose of the meeting and the phase of the relation. At the beginning of a relationship, meetings are required that contribute to trust and commitment. Furthermore, the parameters of competence, understanding, credibility, trust and good conduct also have a significant role in creating value. While sensitivity and communication are the prerequisites for creating value in all forms of meeting.