Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:25:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Flavio_ Cunha.pdf: 852650 bytes, checksum: 005ad79a80738ad5581ca452766899f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-24 / Many difficulties were found during the implantation of the development projects and programs of the area. This study is something that has worried the local authorities and also the ones who are concerned in someway about the future life there. Santana da Boa Vista is a county situated in the center of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, more specifically, on the southeast mountain range. This area has shown social and economic low rates due to livestockfarming and subsistence agriculture. This fact exists according to the ground and relief. The studied county is among of the worst development indicators fo the state. The proposal targets measure the probable motives that makes difficult the process of the community development. One of the reasons that this present work has been so hard is due to the territory occupation, where today Santana da Boa Vista is located, and also the way it was inhabited. Everyting is linked to these people culture and throughout these culture that we search the comprehension of this meaning which the culture subject connected. Another reason to hamper can be the importance that party politic has in people's life as its overact has quited many colletive tries in order to organize and develop the community. There is also the consequence in adopting partial of modernization and a frustation in not reaching the level of the region where such model was completed. The beauty and landscape, the preserved nature and the low impact productive process determinate a great potential in the search of support and different development for the area. / A questão das dificuldades encontradas na implantação de projetos ou programas de desenvolvimento na região deste estudo, é algo que vem preocupando muito as autoridades locais, e, também àquelas que envolvem-se de alguma forma com a vida e o futuro do lugar. Santana da Boa Vista é um município localizado na chamada metade sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, mais especificamente na Serra do Sudeste. Tal região caracteriza-se pelos baixos índices sócio-econômicos apresentados, e esta situação fica agravada quando se sabe que as principais atividades econômicas da região são a pecuária e uma agricultura voltada ao autoconsumo. Esse fato aliado à limitações em termos de solos e relevo, faz com que o município estudado esteja entre aqueles com piores indicadores de desenvolvimento do estado. Os objetivos propostos avaliam os prováveis motivos que dificultam os processos de desenvolvimento da comunidade. Considera-se a forma de ocupação do território onde hoje situa-se Santana da Boa Vista, e, também, a maneira como se deu a formação do povo que a habita, como um destes prováveis entraves. Isso tudo está ligado à cultura dessas pessoas, e é através dela que busca-se a compreensão dessa rede de significados aos quais a questão cultural está ligada. Outra razão do entrave pode ser a importância que assume a política partidária na vida das pessoas, pois a sua exacerbação tem impedido inúmeras tentativas de ações coletivas no intuito de organizar e desenvolver a comunidade. Há ainda a consequência da adoção parcial da modernização e uma possível frustração em não atingir os patamares de regiões onde tal modelo foi 6 processos produtivos de baixo impacto ambiental, como determinantes de um grande potencial para a busca de um desenvolvimento sustentável e diferenciado para a região.

La pérennité de la maison Veuve Clicquot parmi les grands noms du champagne depuis plus de deux siècles n’est pas l’effet du hasard. Elle est le fruit de la résilience d’une entreprise familiale dotée d’une vision inscrite dans la durée, d’un dynamisme entrepreneurial doublé de prudence patrimoniale, attachée à des rapports sociaux de type paternaliste avec son personnel. Entreprise mondialisée depuis son origine, elle a su très tôt combiner le capital, le marché, l’outil de production, le travail, et conserver sa cohérence. De 1900 à 1939 ses conditions de fonctionnement sont profondément modifiées. Si la Belle Epoque offre un environnement de stabilité, bien qu’entamé par la crise du phylloxéra, l’après-guerre se caractérise par les dommages de guerre, les convulsions des prix et des changes, la crise de 1929, les grèves de 1936 et 1937. Cependant l’entreprise parvient à perpétuer sa stratégie d’expansion en harmonie avec le marché haut de gamme du champagne de qualité. La Maison fait face avec succès aux aléas de la conjoncture, et offre une leçon de modernité. Elle adapte ses prix à l’instabilité monétaire, encadre et dynamise son réseau d’agents distributeurs. Elle pratique une politique agressive d’achats de raisins et de vins faits pour faire face à la demande, développe et modernise ses capacités de production. Une politique sociale généreuse fidélise employés et ouvriers. La succession des générations s’organise dans le consensus familial. Une forte profitabilité nourrit l’autofinancement, conforté par les prêts consentis par les associés, et assure à la famille dividendes, intérêts et gains potentiels en capital. Une structure financière saine et équilibrée assure la pérennité de l’entreprise, même aux pires moments. / The permanence of Veuve Clicquot among the most illustrious names of champagne firms for more than two centuries is not a mere accident. It is the outcome of resilience for a family enterprise with a long term vision, business dynamism coupled with precautionary investment, eager to maintain social relationships of a paternalistic kind with its workers.As a global company since its origin, it could early combine capital, market, production tool, labour, and preserve coherence. From 1900 to 1939, its working conditions are deeply altered. While the Belle Epoque period offered a stable environment, although altered by the phylloxera crisis, the post war years are characterized by war damages, convulsions of prices and exchange rates, the 1929 depression, the 1936 and 1937 strikes. However the firm succeeds in perpetuating its growth strategy in conjunction with the top-of-the-range market of high quality champagne.The firm successfully copes with ups and downs of the economic cycle, and teaches a lesson of modernity. It adjusts its selling prices to monetary instability, drives and stimulates its resellers network. It pursues an aggressive buying policy for grapes and wine, in order to meet demand, develops and modernizes its production capacity. A generous social policy retains workers and staff. The succession of generations fosters family consensus. A high profitability fuels self-financing, consolidated through shareholders loans, while providing the family with dividends, interest and potential capital gains. A sound and balanced financial structure secures the future of the company, even at the worst moments.

This thesis explores the late-nineteenth century partnership between Bradford worsted manufacturers the Briggs brothers and the German merchant Ernst Posselt, and their subsequent foreign direct investment in a modern factory and workers’ community at Marki, near Warsaw, in Russian Poland. Protectionism and increasing foreign competition are discussed, among many complex economic pressures on British industry, as likely catalysts for this enterprise and the general historiography of the Polish lands is explored to reveal a climate of extraordinary opportunity for well-capitalised foreign industrialists in this period. This thesis provides fresh perspective on the role of the consular service in facilitating British foreign enterprise and, in context of the Bradford partners’ strategy for local integration through social networking and religious affiliation, presents unique findings regarding the character and operations of Warsaw’s elite commercial community in the late-nineteenth century. Through the development and domination of market and raw materials sources, this venture is shown to have monopolised worsted manufacture in the Russian Empire, using state of the art technology to create, and modern marketing techniques to promote, its product range and evolving image. Aspects of British and Polish social history are compared to assess the efficacy of introducing the model-community concept, in combination with a radical employment policy, to less industrially-developed Russian Poland. The instrumentality of an expatriate community of skilled Yorkshire foremen in diffusing British industrial technology throughout the Russian Empire is described, against a backdrop of political instability and social upheaval which dramatically impacted on business behaviour after 1905.

In this thesis, the researcher observes that one of the most difficult phases in the work of church planting missions is that of the handover stage from pioneer missionaries to indigenous leaders. This is often fraught with suspicions and fightings, and hence tends to delay the work until such issues are finally dealt with. Having observed a different story in the relationship between Olive Doke and Paul Kasonga in the early years of the planting of Baptist work in Zambia, the researcher has argued that the key lay in their mutual respect and admiration. He, therefore, posits that where these two ingredients are nurtured in the early stages of missions there will be a smooth handover process. In order to show that this was not just a philosophical or pragmatic idea, the researcher began his work with a biblical interpretation of missions. Drawing from the way the Lord Jesus Christ and his apostles went about their own handing over process to the next generation of leaders, he identified these same attitudes of mutual respect and admiration. He argues that these played an important role in ensuring a meaningful handover process. The researcher then entered upon finding as much information as he could on the lives of Olive Doke and Paul Kasonga, and about their working relationship. This was through unearthing various archived materials and conducting key interviews in the region where they once laboured. This formed the core of this research and, upon subjecting this to analysis, it proved the thesis that the success of their working relationship and handover process at the Kafulafuta Mission lay in their mutual respect and admiration. Finally, the researcher offers a model or strategy to ensure that what may have happened inadvertently between Olive Doke and Paul Kasonga is nurtured among missionaries and indigenous leaders. The researcher works these principles into all the stages of church planting missions—all the way from the training of the missionaries to the time when the work is totally handed over into the hands of local leaders and the missionaries have withdrawn from the work. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Science of Religion and Missiology / unrestricted

The Swedish debate concerning cannabis legalisation is characterised by a largley politically widespread concensus regarding a zero tolerance policy. In the last five years several countries and states in the US have legalised or moved towards a legalisation of cannabis. This essay aims to map if the international debate along with Swedish activists have made an imprint on the debate in regard to a change in attitude towards cannabis in Swedish newspapers from 2010 to 2015. A quantative text analysis was adopted to complete this task, with four main variables at its basis. The results were inconclusive, but there might be a slight change during the period 2013 to 2015 in regard to how cannabis is referred to in the media. The results were discussed from a paternalistic and liberal point of view. Further studies are needed during a longer period of time for the results to be conclusive.

2 Abstract Thi di er a ion e plore he e of coercion in he EU liberal peaceb ilding frame ork in Palestine. Palestine has a long- anding hi or of foreign ac or in ol emen . Since he 1993 O lo Accord , he EU peaceb ilding role a one of Pale ine main financial donors has increased. There is scholarly disagreement and a lack of understanding on the role of coercion in peacebuilding practices. While scholars argue that coercion is a core element for human organisations, others do not recognise the negative impact of coercion in peacebuilding when this does not entail the use of force. Furthermore, the peacebuilding scholarship offers little to no conceptualisation of coercion. Therefore, this dissertation explores how coercion manifests in peacebuilding practices, looking at the case of the EU liberal peacebuilding activities in Palestine. In doing so, the research emphasises on how local Palestinian recipients perceive coercion. The current liberal approach of the EU is built upon the economic dependency of Palestinians, which essentially constitutes a coercive structure. The asymmetric power relations between different actors in the region allows space for the contestation of coercion. This dissertation argues that coercion in this context goes beyond its traditional understanding, and therefore requires...

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Christian Storjohann, a leading figure in the Swedish paper and pulp industry during the early 20th century, was at the heart of significant labor conflicts at Billerud AB in 1928 and 1932. These conflicts reflect not only the industrial and social tensions of the time but also an evolution in views on labor relations and conflict resolution. This work aims to explore the changes in Storjohann's actions and attitudes between these conflicts to understand the broader changes in labor market dynamics during the period. Both in light of individual actors' decisions and the broader societal and economic changes. Storjohann's case illustrates how external events like the Ådalen shootings and internal dynamics within organizations like SAF can lead to significant strategy shifts for individual actors. It also highlights the importance of economic circumstances, where Billerud's specific situation with the transition to artificial silk pulp production both enabled and motivated a different strategy than what had previously been applied. The analysis of the material also emphasizes how media and public discourse can influence and shape actors' perceptions and strategies. Storjohann's actions and rhetoric cannot be seen in isolation from the political and social climate of the time, where fear of communism and a quest for industrial peace were central themes. This reminds us of the importance of considering, in the analysis of social movements, not just the internal dynamics of the involved actors but also how external factors like media reporting and broader political currents affect their scope for action and strategic choices. Applying Charles Tilly's theory to Storjohann's actions and the broader industrial relations in Sweden during the early 20th century offers a nuanced understanding of how labor market actors navigate a complex landscape of interests, values, and power structures. It highlights how historical cases of labor market conflicts can provide insights for contemporary issues around labor relations, negotiation tactics, and conflict resolution. My research thus contributes to a deeper understanding of the long-term processes behind the development of the labor market and the strategies that actors use to navigate this development.

This thesis explores the late-nineteenth century partnership between Bradford worsted manufacturers the Briggs brothers and the German merchant Ernst Posselt, and their subsequent foreign direct investment in a modern factory and workers’ community at Marki, near Warsaw, in Russian Poland. Protectionism and increasing foreign competition are discussed, among many complex economic pressures on British industry, as likely catalysts for this enterprise and the general historiography of the Polish lands is explored to reveal a climate of extraordinary opportunity for well-capitalised foreign industrialists in this period. This thesis provides fresh perspective on the role of the consular service in facilitating British foreign enterprise and, in context of the Bradford partners’ strategy for local integration through social networking and religious affiliation, presents unique findings regarding the character and operations of Warsaw’s elite commercial community in the late-nineteenth century. Through the development and domination of market and raw materials sources, this venture is shown to have monopolised worsted manufacture in the Russian Empire, using state of the art technology to create, and modern marketing techniques to promote, its product range and evolving image. Aspects of British and Polish social history are compared to assess the efficacy of introducing the model-community concept, in combination with a radical employment policy, to less industrially-developed Russian Poland. The instrumentality of an expatriate community of skilled Yorkshire foremen in diffusing British industrial technology throughout the Russian Empire is described, against a backdrop of political instability and social upheaval which dramatically impacted on business behaviour after 1905. / The full text was made available on 29th Nov 2017

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The health of the medical profession hangs in the balance. Scepticism, mistrust and legal restraints have entered its hallowed corridors and are threatening its integrity and independence. There are myriad seemingly intractable moral dilemmas that doctors, ethicists and judges are trying to resolve with the aid of available principles and rules of ethical discourse; yet, the answers remain elusive. Hegel, the eighteenth century philosopher, postulated that perplexity only exists because we do not look at the world correctly: because we tend to think in an oppositional way, we abstract from the complex interrelation of things. He therefore suggested that one should step back and think reflectively about the problem and seek the one-sided assumptions that led to the impasse. My proposition is that at the heart of many of the current medical dilemmas lies the opposition between paternalism and autonomy. These two fundamental concepts arose out of two different traditions, and now, because they have been abstracted from the contexts and histories that inform them, seem to be diametrically opposed. Paternalism arose out of the ethics of competence that originated in ancient Greece. The art of medicine was still in its infancy and physicians had to prove their ability and benevolence to a mistrustful public. Demonstration of competence became a necessary component of any successful practice. As the power of medicine grew with the scientific and technological advances of the Enlightenment, professionals' authority and competence were reinforced and systematically fostered a paternalistic attitude at the expense of adequate protection of the individual. In response to the power differential found in the political and social arena, individual human rights were promulgated in the eighteenth century. In the medical sphere, the culture of rights was translated into, among others, the fundamental right to autonomy. Patients now have the right to decide on interventions and treatment in accordance with their own conception of a good life. Paternalism thus developed out of a societal system that embraced the virtues and communal responsibility within the bounds of the polis of antiquity; autonomy arose out of the designs of the Enlightenment where the individual was hailed supreme. Remnants of both traditions are evident in contemporary medicine, but they have been abstracted from their original purpose and meaning, leading to perplexity and antagonism. Following the Hegelian method of dialectic, I postulate a thesis of paternalism, and in response to this, an antithesis of autonomy. I attempt to show that an intransigent insistence on one side or the other will only serve to strengthen the paradox and fail to lead to an acceptable solution. I aim to develop a synthesis where both concepts are embraced with the help ofa better understanding of human nature and the inevitable limits of human knowledge. Influenced by the work of the psychoanalyst Carl Jung, I firstly argue for the existence of a biological human need for compassion and thus the importance of virtue ethics, which embraces this need. Secondly, focusing on the ethics of futurity developed by Hans Jonas, I delineate the altered nature of human action and the derivative need for an ethics of responsibility. I propose possibilities for the future based on the ideas of compassion, virtue and responsibility and argue that they can only be reconciled in a pluralistic ethic. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die mediese professie het'n dokter nodig. Een wat kan sin maak van die wantroue en vyandigheid wat te bespeur is in die pasient-dokter verhouding en wat toepaslike terapie kan voorskryf Al die pogings tot behandeling deur middel van reëls, regulasies en etiese kodes het tot dusver misluk en het vele skynbaar-onoplosbare morele dilemmas agtergelaat. Die Duitse filosoof, Hegel, het in die agtiende eeu aangevoer dat verwarring onstaan bloot omdat ons die wêreld op die verkeerde wyse beskou: die mens is geneig tot opposisionele denke en neem daarom nie die komplekse onderlinge verbintenisse van die onderskeie elemente in ag nie. Hegel het dus voorgestel dat wanneer ons met sulke hardnekkige situasies gekonfronteer word, ons 'n tree terug neem en die situasie reflektiewelik ondersoek vir eensydige veronderstellings. My hipotese is dat baie van die etiese dilemmas wat op die oomblik in medisyne voorkom, voortvloei uit die opposisie tussen paternalisme en outonomitiet. Hierdie twee fundamentele beginsels het uit twee verskillende tradisies ontstaan en nou, omdat hulle nie meer in hulle oorspronklike konteks voorkom nie, vertoon hulle skynbaar teenstellend. Paternalisme het onstaan vanuit die etiek van bevoegdheid wat teruggevoer kan word na die tyd van Hippocrates. Medisyne was 'n nuwe professie wat nog sy eerbaarheid en welwillendheid aan 'n wantrouige publiek moes bewys. Bevoegdheid was dus 'n essensiële komponent van enige suksesvolle praktyk. Indrukwekkende vooruitgang in die dissiplines van wetenskap en tegnologie sedert die agtiende eeu het dokters se gesag en bevoegdheid bevorder en stelselmatig 'n paternalistiese houding gekweek ten koste van toepaslike beskerming van die individu. In respons tot die magsverskil in die politieke en sosiale sfeer het 'n beweging in hierdie tyd ontstaan om universêle mensseregte te bewerkstellig. In medisyne het hierdie regsbeweging gekulmineer in, onder andere, die fundamentele reg tot self-beskikking - in ander woorde, outonomiteit. Die pasient is dus nou geregtig daarop om selfte besluit oor ingrepe en behandeling op grond van sylhaar konsep van 'n goeie en sinvolle lewe. Paternalisme het dus ontstaan uit 'n samelewing waar die deugte en gemeenskapsverantwoordelikhede integraal was tot die funksionering van die polis; outonomie aan die ander kant, het ontstaan uit die idees van Die Verligting waar die individu as belangriker as die gemeenskap geag is. Volgens die Hegeliaanse dialektiese metode, postuleer ek dus 'n tesis van paternalisme en in respons daartoe, 'n antitese van outonomiteit. Ek voer aan dat 'n eiewillige aandrang op een of die ander die dilemma net sal verdiep. Ek poog dus om 'n sintese te ontwikkel wat albei konsepte inkorporeer met behulp van 'n analise van die aard van die mens en die noodwendige beperkinge van sy kennis. Geskool op die werk van die psigoanalis Carl Jung, bespreek ek die mens se biologiese behoefte aan medelye en stel dus die saak vir die belang van 'n etiek van deugte wat hierdie behoefte onderskraag. Tweedens, beinvloed deur die etiek van die toekoms, soos beskryf deur Hans Jonas, ontwikkel ek die idee van die gewysigde skaal van menslike dade en gevolglik die noodsaklikheid van 'n etiek van verantwoordelikheid. Ek postuleer dus 'n benadering wat wentel om die konsepte van medelye, deug en verantwoordelikheid wat slegs in die vorm van 'n pluralistiese etiek tot uiting kan kom.