This thesis explores the experience – experience itself – of the economic crisis in Iceland 2008. This exploration takes its starting point in personal stories that together form a mythic narrative about the crisis in which the causes of the crisis are retroactively invented through the construction of a phantasmagoria. Since the reason for the stories peculiar form – their retroactive invention of the crisis’ causes – cannot be accounted for by the stories themselves, the stories are approached a symptoms of an experience that for some reason is articulated through a myth, rather than with the language of political economy, and this despite the fact that their narrators have experienced the consequences of a collapsed economic system. This thesis attempt to trace and formulate the experience that has given the personal stories illustrated in this thesis their mythic form.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-03-04T14:33:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rodrigo de Oliveira Soares - 2015.pdf: 3266710 bytes, checksum: f768fe85bcd30095835db0e2e5af5063 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-03-04T14:42:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rodrigo de Oliveira Soares - 2015.pdf: 3266710 bytes, checksum: f768fe85bcd30095835db0e2e5af5063 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T14:42:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rodrigo de Oliveira Soares - 2015.pdf: 3266710 bytes, checksum: f768fe85bcd30095835db0e2e5af5063 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-27 / In XXI century, Goiânia established itself as a metropolis in the brazilian backlands, even on modern discourses trails. The capital of Goiás has established itself as a urban phantasmagoria to become a commodity under control of real state capital and so, designed as an incomplete metropolis In this research we try to peer how this process created ways of living in the city and how these differences and how they solidified in its suburbs. Our case study was developed in the Southwestern region where, for the poorest, the suburbs is the only way to belong to the city and for the more affluent groups it's a way to get away from the city caos. By focusing our research on popular nesting Real Conquista and luxury horizontal condomonium called Jardins Madri, we conclude that they were born of a ghostly project of modernity wich Goiânia is and expression. With the contributions of historical materialism of Walter Benjamin, his readers and interpreters, we seek to historicizing the dynamic metropolization of Goiânia and buil a critical reading of this process. Seek, from the perspective monadological not to issue a closed story or another document of barbarism, but show real scenarios to help you understand how goianiense metropolis was formed and deployed in the XXI century. / Nas portas do século XXI, Goiânia se estabeleceu como metrópole no sertão brasileiro, ainda sobre rastros de discursos modernos. Nesta pesquisa objetiva-se estudar como esse processo criou formas de viver na metrópole, principalmente na periferia. Nossos estudos foram desenvolvidos na região sudoeste de Goiânia, onde, para os mais pobres, a periferia é a única forma de pertencer à metrópole e, para os grupos mais elitizados, é uma maneira de se afastar do caos da metrópole incompleta. Ao focarmos nossa investigação no assentamento popular Real Conquista e no condomínio horizontal de luxo Jardins Madri, concluímos que eles são objetos privilegiados de como essas novas formas de viver se estabeleceram na periferia. Com as contribuições do materialismo histórico de Walter Benjamin e de seus leitores e intérpretes, procuramos historiar a dinâmica de metropolização de Goiânia e construir uma leitura crítica desse processo e compreender como a metrópole goianiense se constrói e se desenvolve no século XXI.

In order to reconcile the absence of sexually deviant witch figures (succubae, demonic women, etc.) within the formation of American national literature in the nineteenth century with the fantastic elements found in European variations on the gothic, my thesis aims to demonstrate transatlantic variants of erotic signifiers attached to witch figures in nineteenth-century gothic fiction and mediums across national traditions. I will begin by tracing the transatlantic and historical impact of Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger’s Malleus Maleficarum—an early modern handbook of sorts used widely in witchcraft inquisitions—on Early American witch trials, specifically where its influence deviates from a sexualized conception of the witch and where a different prosopography of the historical witch emerges. Next, I will assess a short sample of nineteenth-century American pulp fiction to demonstrate the historical impact of America’s erotically decoded witch type on fictionalized versions or caricatures of the witch. In doing so I hope to create a reading that informs a more transatlantically complex representation of The Scarlet Letter. Finally, in order to underscore the significance of these national and historical departures of The Scarlet Letter as a gothic novel, I will contrast Hawthorne’s novel with a selective reading of nineteenth-century gothic texts from England and France that employ the witch or demonic feminine motif in an erotically codified and fantastic setting, namely using Old World magic and history that draws from French and English traditions.To demonstrate the significance of erotically coded witches in the British tradition, I will briefly examine Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Christabel” as a gothic text that relies heavily on the erotic affect encoded in the figure of Geraldine. I will also touch on Prosper Mérimée’s “La Vénus d’Ille” and Théophile Gautier’s “La Morte Amoreuse,” two remarkable short stories that highlight the sublime terror of sexually deviant, occult female figures. Through such a collection of readings of witches and erotic, occult women I hope to amplify a more latent theme underlying The Scarlet Letter and America’s conflicted relationship with the gothic tradition: namely its crucial lack of erotic enchantment as a channel for the experience of gothic affect, the fantastic, and even sublime terror.

Cette thèse examine l’influence de la nuit sur la réception d’une visite de musée. Elle propose d’envisager le paramètre horaire comme participant de la construction de l’expérience et plus largement du sens donné à sa visite. Or, ce rapport de la nuit à l’expérience de visite est encore peu interrogé malgré les nombreuses occasions qui permettent de visiter de nuit des institutions culturelles telles que les musées ou les monuments historiques. L’analyse phénoménologique et sémiotique de cette situation de réception permet de comprendre ce que les visiteurs vivent et ressentent au cours d’une visite nocturne. Elle révèle une variation du sens qui se construit autour de l’émergence de la nuit à la fois comme donnée physique, naturelle, dans l’exposition et comme donnée mentale dans l’état d’esprit des visiteurs. À travers l’étude comparative de la réception de la cour Marly au musée du Louvre, de jour et de nuit, c’est l’univers du discours des visiteurs qui est mis en question. Les interactions entre la nuit, les visiteurs et l’exposition marquent, par rapport à la journée, un processus de transformation du sens donné par le message de l’exposition et du sens reçu par les visiteurs. Autrement dit, le changement lumineux intervenant entre jour et nuit influence la recomposition du discours de l’exposition par les visiteurs de nocturnes. La dimension émotionnelle ainsi que la fantasmatique de la nuit interviennent dans l’interprétation du discours de l’exposition et le transforment. / The aim of this work is to analyse the impact of the night on the visitors’experience. Here, the time of the day is considered as a parameter of the processof meaning building within the visitor’s experience.The link between visitors’ experience and night has not yet been thouroughlyresearched although a lot of cultural events take place at night time and provideand occasion for visiting museums.The phenomenological and semiotic analysis of the night impact, and perception,lead to the understanding of the emotional experience of the visitors during anight time visit. It reveals a variation of the meaning created by the apparition ofthe actual night in the museum and of the idea of night in the visitors’ mind.A night and day comparison of the reception of the cour Marly, in the musée duLouvre, questions the visitors’ speeches. It shows a network of interactionsbetween the night, the visitors and the exhibition which initiates a transformationof the meaning given by the exhibition and received by the visitors.In other words, the lighting modification between night and day affects thereconstruction of the exhibition’s message operated by the visitors at night. Theemotional aspect as well as the night phantasmagoria partake in the interpretationof the exhibition’s message and change it.Key words: night - reception - visitors’ experience - interpretation - - - - - phantasmagoria - night visit

En partant et en s'appuyant sur l’approche de Walter Benjamin et la question d’aura dans l’œuvre cinématographique, cette thèse se propose d'analyser deux films tunisiens, «Les silences du palais" de M. Tletli et "Baba Aziz" de N. Khmir. Le choix d'un tel corpus repose sur des exigences auratiques dans le mode d'appréhension des deux cinéastes, notamment dans leurs approches esthétiques, explorant tous les systèmes formels dans un ordre sensible où reigne le visible et le sonore dans une parfaite harmonie. En tenant compte des aspects formels des deux films, l'on a essayé de les décomposer à travers les différentes séquences où l'on a noté que ces analyses sont sensiblement orientées par l’adaptation du concept de «l'aura» dans un sens de mise en jeu entre absence/présence. Nous proposons une relecture que nous espérons originale, mettant les deux films à l’épreuve de nouveaux égards. Au fond, les analyses dans ce travail ont pour objectif de voir dans quelle mesure la question auratique dicte la mise en scène des deux cinéastes du corpus, malgré les exigences techniques et artistiques qu'impose la praxis filmique. Aussi, il est bien question de montrer la pluralité des codes auratiques et l’importance de déchiffrement dans l'approche analytique de la séquence cinématographique. / Based on Benjamin Walter‘s approach and the question of aura in cinematographic works, this thesis aims at analyzing two Tunisian films “the Silences of the Palace” directed by M. Tletli and “Baba Aziz” by N. Khmir. The selection of the two films stems from an aura of expectations within the two filmmakers’ apprehension and more specifically their aesthetic approaches which explore in a sensitive manner all the formal systems, and where the visual and acoustics reign in perfect harmony. Taking into account the formal aspects of these two films, a thorough analysis of different sequences where the question of aura is identified and the issue of presence and absence is brought into play. This new reading is hopefully to be original for further considerations. Indeed the aim of this work is to see how far the question of aura within the two filmmakers predetermines direction in spite of the technical and artistic requirements dictated by filmmaking. It is also of paramount importance to show the different aura codes and the decoding strategy in the analytical approach of cinematographic sequences.

Entre hier et aujourd’hui, entre la culture spectaculaire de la fin du XIXe siècle, le cinéma et la pratique des jeux vidéo, cette thèse explore les enjeux critiques d’une pensée des rapports du corps à la machine au prisme de la notion benjaminienne d’innervation. A partir d’une notion historiographique élaborée au sein de la thèse, celle de « continuité critique » qui consiste à déterminer des phénomènes de permanence à travers l’histoire, notre travail vise à définir une critique opératoire des nouveaux médias. Depuis les notions d’innervation et de continuité critique, nous étudions dans une perspective historique et théorique deux « états du corps » déterminant des points de résonance manifestes entre passé et présent. L’un se situe au tournant du siècle, l’autre au cours des années 1980. Le premier concerne le devenir-attraction des machines autour de 1900. Dans le prolongement de Tom Gunning nous pensons une telle attraction dans les termes d’un corps à corps entre le spectateur et la machine. À travers la culture visuelle et spectaculaire fin-de-siècle, nous identifions un motif récurrent : le voyage immobile. Nous étudions alors l’actualité critique d’un tel motif jusqu’à nos jours comme quelque chose qui, en dépit des innovations techniques, n’a pas changé. Le second état s’intéresse cette fois-ci aux transformations qui concernent les rapports du corps à l’écran dans la pratique du jeu vidéo. Il s’agit d’étudier cette fois-ci un ensemble de représentations qui apparaissent entre le début des années 1980 et le milieu des années 1990 et attestant la récurrence d’un autre motif : l’écran traversé. L’étude de ces deux motifs nous permet, par le biais de l’histoire, de formuler une critique des nouveaux médias sur le terrain-même de la nouveauté. / Between past and present, between the turn-of-the-century spectacular culture, cinema and video games, our thesis explores the critical aspects of body-machine relationships understandings regarding Walter Benjamin’s concept of innervation. From a historiographical concept formulated within this work, i. e. “critical continuity” which consists in crafting permanencies though history, our purpose is to delineate an operating critic of the new media. From the concepts of innervation and critical continuity, we explore two defining “state of body” to draw resonances between past and present. One takes place at the turn of the century while the other takes place during the 1980’s. The former concerns the becoming-attraction of the machines circa 1900. Extending Tom Gunning’s concept, we understand such an attraction as a corporeal relationship between the spectator’s body and the machine. Through 1900’s visual and spectacular culture, we examine a recurring topos: the immobile voyage. We find and explore the critical topicality of such a topos up to present day as something that has never changed despite technical innovations. The latter state explores the transformations regarding the body-screen relationships in video game practice. We study a collection of representations appearing between the early 1980’s up to the middle of the 1990’s featuring another recurring topos: the screen crossed whether by the game’s universe whether by the player. These two topoi help us to conceive a critic of the new media on the very basis of novelty.

Foundational to almost any Hitchcock film is the idea of the voyeur: the (un)natural inclination to want to look upon the private, obscene, and potentially grizzly instances in other peoples’ lives. Such inclinations are typically satiated in secret and subsequently denied as something we desire. The voyeuristic act may be connected to narcissism in that we are seduced by our own fears and inner hells projected onto the watched ‘other.’ This kind of projection not only perpetuates our sense of denial of what are our own inclinations, but it also precipitates the potential for de-humanization and feelings of emptiness in that we detach from ourselves. The phenomenological paradox to such detachment is that the more we insist we are safe and self-enclosed here while the ‘other’ remains at bay there, the more we are convinced that we know ourselves and are connected to ourselves, when arguably, we couldn’t be more detached from ourselves and our humanity. And by not really knowing ourselves as well as we thought – as we might infer from a kind of ‘doppelganger’ or ‘doubles’ reading of Strangers on a Train, for example – is how fear is born, both in a Hitchcock film and in life generally. How then, might we come to truly know or face our fear if estrangement would seem an inherent quality to our very experience of it?

Foundational to almost any Hitchcock film is the idea of the voyeur: the (un)natural inclination to want to look upon the private, obscene, and potentially grizzly instances in other peoples’ lives. Such inclinations are typically satiated in secret and subsequently denied as something we desire. The voyeuristic act may be connected to narcissism in that we are seduced by our own fears and inner hells projected onto the watched ‘other.’ This kind of projection not only perpetuates our sense of denial of what are our own inclinations, but it also precipitates the potential for de-humanization and feelings of emptiness in that we detach from ourselves. The phenomenological paradox to such detachment is that the more we insist we are safe and self-enclosed here while the ‘other’ remains at bay there, the more we are convinced that we know ourselves and are connected to ourselves, when arguably, we couldn’t be more detached from ourselves and our humanity. And by not really knowing ourselves as well as we thought – as we might infer from a kind of ‘doppelganger’ or ‘doubles’ reading of Strangers on a Train, for example – is how fear is born, both in a Hitchcock film and in life generally. How then, might we come to truly know or face our fear if estrangement would seem an inherent quality to our very experience of it?

During the late 19th century, arts and literature had a surge of sensory awareness, made manifest through sensory analogy, intersensory metaphor, and synaesthesia. This dissertation explores this phenomenon through a study of five poets and artists: Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John Barlas, and Julia Margaret Cameron. Using imaginative sensing, these artists transformed the relationship between artist and observer, assigning greater responsibility to their audience while simultaneously asserting artistic control of their work. Their fascination with sensory mixing and multisensory awareness demonstrates unique ideas about perception and embodiment, ideas that have sparked both controversy and imitation. I begin with a brief history of the condition known as synaesthesia, considering its position as an “abnormal” clinical condition, a desired artistic state of transcendence, and a simple transfer of metaphor. Chapter 1 describes how two French poems brought synaesthesia to public consciousness and prompted a literary movement. In Chapter 2, I explore how poet-painter Dante Rossetti used “acts of attention” and unheard music to demand viewers’ embodied participation. Chapter 3 introduces John Barlas, a relatively obscure British poet who crafted exotic, sensory-laden environments that hovered between the actual and imagined, insisting that the reader use his sensory imagination to participate. Moving to the realm of photography in Chapter 4, I consider Julia Margaret Cameron, whose “out-of-focus” pictures changed photography from a mechanistic technology to high art by incorporating the sense of touch. Historically, the senses have been ranked and separated, with priority given to vision, the sense most associated with reason. I argue that considering the senses as bundles of interconnected experiences and through imagination rather than as isolated methods of physical perception can show how the senses function culturally and give us a much greater understanding of how we process the world. While no time period has regarded the senses with the intensity of the late 19th century, the embodied approach of the era can be applied to our current “sensory revolution” and can impact how we regard technology, cultural studies, and interdisciplinarity. Evaluating how 19th century artists blended the senses through imaginative constructs gives a more thorough explanation of the characteristic sensuality of the period and provides a model for how sensing can function more fully in current endeavors.

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