Kalėjimas yra visuomenės atspindys. Keičiantis bausmės sampratai ir ideologijai, keičiasi ir kalėjimo architektūrinė išraiška. Baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjamas modernaus kalėjimo ir dabartinės bausmės ideologijos santykis, socialiniame, urbanistiniame, psichologiniame ir architektūriniame kontekste. Remiantis analizės išvadomis, kalėjimas projektuojamas miesto principu. Kuriama iliuzinė tikro miestelio atmosfera. Kalinys turi savo namą, dirba darbą, mokosi mokykloje, turi kaimynų. Tai tarsi labai didelė kompleksiška mokykla, bandanti ugdyti kalinio, kaip piliečio ir miestelėno savimonę. Visas miestas įkastas į žemę, todėl iš visų miestelio perspektyvų kalinamasis mato betoninę sieną. Taip išreiškiama bausmė. Šiaurinėje dalyje, siena pradeda trūkinėti. Pro kelis įtrūkimus, kaliniui atveriamas fiksuotas vaizdas į šlaitą ir į toliau esantį mišką–į laisvą pasaulį. Taip išreiškiama laisvė. Įkastas į žemę miestas neslepia savo funkcijos, bet garsiai apie ją nešaukia. Taip jis tampa „kažkuo“, tarp požemio ir žemės, „kažkuo“,kas nematoma bet jaučiama. Darbą sudaro 7 dalys: įvadas, analitinė dalis, vietos tyrimai, variantinis projektavimas, išvados, projektas. / The prison is the reflection of the society. Ideology of punishment is changing along with the prison image. The research is based on relation between a modern prison and contemporary punishment ideology in the social, urban, psychological and architectural context. According to the results of the research, the prison is designed as a city. The illusion of a real city is created. The prisoner has his own house, he goes to work in the morning, studies at school, has his own neighbors. This is a sort of a very big complex school, which tries to cultivate the inmate‘s self awareness of being a real citizen. The whole city is dug into the ground. The retaining wall becomes the prison cities enclosure. From all the cities perspectives the inmate sees only this concrete wall. That is punishment. The northern part of the wall becomes discontinuous. These few openings focus the view to the slope, to the forest, to real life. That is freedom. The project consists of 7 parts: introduction, analytical research, situation analysis, experimental design and the project.

Higher rates of HIV are seen within correctional systems across the United States. Georgia has one of the largest correctional populations in the country and HIV rates among prisoners are elevated when compared to the state as a whole. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the Pre-Release Planning Program of the Georgia Department of Corrections and to identify reentry needs unique to persons living with HIV. This evaluation was informed by the post-release experiences of participants who described their own reentry journeys through semi-structured qualitative interviews. A convenience sample of 45 program participants was recruited to complete a qualitative interview following their release in 2009-2010. All 45 persons recruited consented to be contacted for an interview. A research interviewer successfully located 25 members of the original sample and they all agreed to participate. In addition a structure and process evaluation of the program was conducted. Recommendations for improvement were developed from the program evaluation and qualitative analysis of participants’ reentry experiences. For former program participants three central needs were identified: housing, health and income. Stigma and risk behaviors negatively impacted stability of housing, health and income. Strengths of the program included linkage to a Ryan White Clinic, provision of prison medical records, referrals to general social service agencies and its acceptability. The structural and individual challenges faced by persons living with HIV leaving the prison system demand comprehensive integrated services to assure access to HIV care and avoid recidivism. Minimally, housing, health and income must be addressed.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

This study explores the contemporary working lives of prison managers. It attempts to understand the ways in which globalised changes in management practices have intersected with localised practices and occupational cultures. Through an ethnographic study of the lived experience of the practitioners of prison management, the research explores the ways in which the operation of managerialism in a prison environment creates a series of tensions, pressures and expectations on senior managers, and the ways in which these are experienced, understood and negotiated. This study is therefore concerned with the relationships between global and local, and between agency and structure that are characteristic of late modernity. The constraining and enabling features of contemporary prison management are considered in light of Giddens’s account of ‘the duality of structure’. Relevant work on transformation of working lives by Sennett and others are also considered in order to situate this discussion within the world of work more generally. The original research involved ethnographic field work in two medium security prisons in England over a twelve month period, with data generated from observations, interviews and documentary sources. Four aspects of prison management are used in order to address the central issues. The first is a consideration of performance monitoring mechanisms such as targets, audits and inspections; how these are understood, operated, and influenced by those using them and also how they reshape and direct the approach and thinking of managers. The second is a discussion of aspects of agency such as values, discretion, resistance and the use of power; in what ways these are idiosyncratic and individual and how far they are patterned across the organisation and shaped by wider factors. The third issue is a consideration of how people become prison managers and how they approach and understand key issues that face them in managing individual staff, teams and prisoners. The final area considers the ‘hidden injuries’ of contemporary management practice, including how this is experienced by women, members of minority ethnic groups and others who experience themselves as having been marginalised. The study concludes by describing the confluence of global and local, and agency and structure that shape what is described as ‘prison managerialism’. It also describes some of the effects of this and discusses alternatives.

The expansion of prison privatisation presents distinctive traits. One of them is its peculiar temporal expansion in a comparative point of view. This research focuses on the intrastate temporal expansion and more specifically in the case of England and Wales. What is researched is the reason behind the delay in the emergence of prison privatisation, in other words the asynchrony between the introduction of general and prison privatisation policies. This Thesis rejects explanatory frameworks based on historical analogies, pragmatic concerns or economic arguments and puts the explanation in a discourse of political interaction. In this framework, previous approaches related to the concept of globalisation, commodification of citizenry and political culture do not provide either suitable analytical tools in explaining the asynchrony in question. This research, instead, aims to bring forward the class struggle as catalytic agent in criminal justice system developments using a Structural Marxist concept of the State and its transformations. In the Capitalist Mode of Production the State acquires a unifying role among the contradicting classes by promoting the supposed general interest of the society, in order to allow the continuation of class domination and labour exploitation. This is feasible through the constantly unfolding hegemonic strategy which organizes the cohesion of the power bloc and disorganizes the dominated classes. Hegemonic strategy substantiates in the State Apparatuses which is not just a tool for policy making but rather a point where contradicting class powers condense; policy formation as such reflects the vector of class power in the apparatuses. Hegemonic strategy is set in motion by the State Personnel which is relatively independent knot in the transmission of domination between the power bloc and the dominated classes. State transformations are indications of this strategy since they inscribe in the structure of the State the vector of the class struggle. Hegemonic strategy took interesting contours after the mid-‘60s. The capital over-accumulation crisis on the one hand and on the other Authoritarian Statism promoted extensive State transformations as in the case of privatisations. Massive reactions, however, caused by the labour movement, required their containment and consequently a smoothly operating criminal justice system. The entrenchment of prison officers, therefore, from the wider changes in the labour status became crucial and a state transformation in itself, although by absence. This explains the delay of prison privatisation which appears indeed at the end of a long socially unstable period.

La pr??sente ??tude analyse d???une perspective pragmatique le journal de prison de Daniel Timsit. Le but de notre approche pragmatique est de d??finir le genre du journal intime, et d???observer si le texte de Timsit correspond aux attentes du lecteur. C???est ainsi que la premi??re partie de notre premier chapitre est consacr??e aux caract??ristiques g??n??riques de l???autobiographie et du journal intime. De l???analyse du deuxi??me et du troisi??me chapitre, il ressort que dans le journal de Timsit quelques-uns de ces principes ne sont pas respect??s : le rejet de la fiction et de la po??tique, la calendarit??, la simultan??it?? et l???insouciance de la beaut?? du style. Dans le deuxi??me chapitre, l???analyse narrative r??v??le un narrateur qui ??crit son journal au jour le jour en prison et un narrateur qui a une perspective r??trospective. Cette structure entra??ne la division du r??cit : d???un c??t??, il y a le journal intime, de l???autre, l???autobiographie. Le contraste entre les deux types de discours est mis en ??vidence par l???analyse de la simultan??it?? au niveau des d??ictiques. La narration h??t??rodi??g??tique introduit un troisi??me type de r??cit, qui rel??ve de la fiction. Dans le troisi??me chapitre, l???analyse des d??ictiques fait ressortir l???intrusion de traits fictionnels dans le journal proprement dit, par le biais des r??flexions projet??es au-del?? de l???exp??rience carc??rale. C???est toujours dans le troisi??me chapitre que nous estimons que la deuxi??me et la troisi??me personne du singulier repr??sentent des marques de la subjectivit?? dans le journal intime, tout comme la premi??re personne. Le pronom nous exprime la subjectivit?? int??gr??e dans la collectivit?? des prisonniers. L???approche pragmatique nous aide aussi ?? examiner le contexte plus large, le contexte social, politique et ??conomique, qui fait que cet ouvrage ne correspond pas aux attentes cr????es par les conventions formelles.

Nordic right wing populism began in Denmark with the requisite growth in the political and societal power of the Danish People’s Party during the Liberal-Conservative coalition government from 2001 to 2011. As the number of immigrants and asylum-seekers from Middle Eastern countries continues to grow, the “other,” the definition of which is a perceived threat against an ill-defined “people,” is increasingly understood by the Danish People’s Party as Muslim immigrants and their descendants. This thesis will use both a wide array of literature and evidence from an original research project using a Danish Prison as a loose microcosm for Danish society. The research traces the influence of the Danish People’s Party on public policy. This thesis will conclude that blatant Islamophobia has seeped into the following sectors of Danish policy: the media, social services and the refugee and asylum system. Denmark, while being an internationally revered example of good governance, represents the dangerous proliferation of illiberalism in the modern, small welfare state in response to globalization.

Partant des déterminants du renvoi soulevés par Zauberman (1982) et tenant compte des particularités du contexte carcéral, nous avons tenté, en effectuant des entrevues semi-dirigées auprès d’agents correctionnels, de comprendre quelles logiques sont à la base de la production de l’isolement disciplinaire, c’est-à-dire celles qui mènent un agent à reconnaitre une situation problématique et à la renvoyer devant le comité disciplinaire. Nos résultats permettent d’effectuer certains constats à l’égard de chacune des étapes du processus disciplinaire et rapportent des recommandations faites par les participants afin d’en améliorer le fonctionnement. Étonnament, l’objectif de punition serait rarement le principal objectif du renvoi d’un acte. Aussi, bien que les déterminants soulevés par Zauberman (1982) s’appliquent aux logiques des agents correctionnels, ceux-ci s’avèrent parfois être davantage déterminants de non-renvoi considérant les particularités du contexte carcéral qui créent certaines singularités telles que l’apparition d’un autre déterminant, celui du poids des règlements et procédures.

This research examines the population of formerly incarcerated people as activists in the Formerly Incarcerated and Convicted Persons Movement. Applying a Personal Authority Framework, this work examines the role of race within organizing, the limitations of the voices of formerly incarcerated people, the role of the ally within the movement, the power that formerly incarcerated people do have and how they use it, and the necessary aspects and attributes of a movement. I conducted fourteen in depth interviews with formerly incarcerated individuals and their allies, all of which self-identified as activists. Given that the prison populations in the United States is the highest in the world, as is the populations of formerly incarcerated people, this work demonstrates the important role of activism in their lives and the importance of their personal stories and authority for an activist movement to be successful.

Thesis (MPsy(Forensic))--University of South Australia, 2001.