Distributed simulations require efficient communication to represent complex scenarios, which presents a great challenge. This paper investigates the use of message-oriented middleware (MOM) to address this challenge by integrating the flight simulator X-Plane with the tactical simulator TACSI and evaluating the performance of different data transfer approaches. The study assesses performance by measuring the maximum sustainable throughput (MST) and the latency of a publish-subscribe-based MOM system. Two data distribution methods are compared: single-topic publishing and publishing to multiple subtopics. The results show that single-topic publishing achieves higher MST and lower latency when transmitting the same data volume. These findings provide valuable insights for deciding the state distribution method for publish-subscribe MOM systems. Additionally, this study highlights the limitations of manual determination of MST and underlines the need for accurate performance measurement techniques. / Distribuerade system kräver effektiv kommunikation för att representera komplexa scenarion, vilket utgör en betydande utmaning. Denna rapport använder meddelandeorienterad mellanprogramvara (MOM) för att angripa denna utmaning genom att integrera flygsimulatorn X-Plane med den taktiska simulatorn TACSI och sedan utvärdera prestandan av olika dataöverföringsmetoder. Studien utvärderar prestandan genom att mäta den maximala genomströmningskapaciteten och latensen på ett publish-subscribe-baserat MOM-system. Två dataöverföringsmetoder jämförs: single-topic publicering och publicering på flera subtopics. Resultatet visar att single-topic publicering ger högre maximal genomströmningskapacitet och lägre latens vid samma mängd data. Dessa upptäckter ger värdefulla insikter när man ska bestämma metod för dataöverföring i publish-subscribe-baserade MOM-system. Slutligen visar denna studie på begränsningarna med att manuellt bestämma MST och behovet av mer noggranna tekniker för att mäta maximal genomströmningskapacitet.

Systems of distributed character are increasing in size and becoming more complex. Managing and adapting to constant changes of requirements is a challenge during the entire system development life cycle. While new functionalities are implemented, the software may change in design and may lead to poor software quality and increased system complexity. This thesis focuses on tackling the complexity issue in a distributed Electronic Warfare system used in military aircraft. The system consists of a server and several clients which acts as publishers or subscribers for different events sent in the system. The communication is based on unicast and uses a publish/subscribe pattern for the client nodes to register as publishers or subscribers to the server. The system is created to handle message passing in high rate and is sensitive for message delays. Due to this, the system is dependent on a reliable network structure with a continuous necessity for development. An implementation of a multicast prototype will be replacing the topic-specific unicast communication and the publish/subscribe registration process to the server. The system will be evaluated by a comparison of the old communication version with the new multicast implementation using software metrics. The result is to evaluate if the behavior and functionality of the distributed Electronic Warfare system change. / System av distribuerad karaktär ökar i storlek och blir alltmer komplex. Att hantera och anpassa sig till ständiga kravändringar är emellertid en utmaning under hela systemets utvecklingsprocess. Medan nya funktioner implementeras kan mjukvaran ändras i design vilket kan leda till dålig programkvalitet och ökad systemkomplexitet. Denna rapport fokuserar på att hantera komplexiteten i ett distribuerat telekrigföringssystem som används i militära flygplan. Systemet består av en server och flera klienter som publicerar och prenumererar för olika typer av meddelanden som skickas i systemet. Kommunikationen baseras på enkelsändning och använder ett publish/subscribe meddelandemönster där klienterna registrerar sig som publicerare eller prenumeranter till servern. Systemet är skapat för att kunna hantera höga meddelandehastigheter och har låg tolerans för meddelandeförseningar. På grund av detta är tillförlitlighet i nätverksstrukturen ett essentiellt kvalitetsattribut då nätverket är i behov av en ständig utveckling. En prototyp av multisändning kommer att implementeras och ersätta kommunikationen baserad på enkelsändning och publish/subscribe registreringsprocessen till servern. Systemet kommer att utvärderas genom en jämförelse av den gamla kommunikationsversionen av systemet med den nya multicast-implementeringen med hjälp av mjukvarukomplexitetsmätningar. Resultatet är att utvärdera om beteendet och funktionaliteten hos det distribuerade telekrigföringssystemet ändras.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-05-24T16:53:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivam Guilherme Wendt_.pdf: 2573131 bytes, checksum: 364b08dccce8d5d89f93cdf8605772d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-24T16:53:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivam Guilherme Wendt_.pdf: 2573131 bytes, checksum: 364b08dccce8d5d89f93cdf8605772d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A Internet das Coisas (IoT - Internet of Things) é considerada a próxima grande evolução na era da computação após a Internet. Na Internet das Coisas muitos objetos que nos rodeiam serão conectados em redes e se comunicarão entre sí sem auxílio ou intervenção humana. Implementações de grande escala têm potencial para criar um enorme tráfego agregado. Muitas vezes Brokers ou Intermediários, são utilizados para possibilitar esta comunicação machine-to-machine (M2M), utilizando o modelo de comunicação Publish/- Subscribe que possui diversas bibliotecas particulares para uso na Internet das Coisas. Alguns trabalhos desenvolvidos pela comunidade visam tratar o desempenho no ambiente de Brokers Publish/Subscribe, no entanto impõem modificações e restrições quanto aos Brokers e arquitetura utilizada. Neste cenário, visando atender a necessidade de escalabilidade citada, é proposto um modelo de elasticidade chamado PSElastic. PSElastic fornece um modelo de elasticidade multinível para Brokers Publish/Subscribe, fazendo uso da elasticidade provida pela Computação em Nuvem, sem afetar o desempenho do sistema e sem a necessidade de investimentos ou ajustes por parte dos clientes e aplicações que fazem uso deste modelo. O modelo oferece a elasticidade de forma automática, reativa e multinível, onde multinível refere-se aos níveis de Broker e de Orquestrador do modelo. Buscando avaliar o modelo PSElastic foram definidos três cenários diferentes para a execução dos testes: Cenário 1, sem elasticidade; Cenário 2, elasticidade na camada de Brokers e Cenário 3, elasticidade multinível. Diferentes limites de réplicas de máquinas virtuais foram utilizados, assim como combinações de thresholds para avaliar o Tempo de Execução, quantidade de Mensagens por Segundo tratadas e a Eficiência na utilização dos recursos computacionais. PSElastic apresentou excelentes resultados ao reduzir em até 81,2% o tempo necessário para o tratamento de uma carga de dados e aumentar o throughput do ambiente com Broker Mosquitto de 54,95 mensagens por segundo (Mps) para 235,29 Mps e de 38,02 Mps para 202,02 Mps no ambiente com Broker RabbitMQ. / The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered the next big evolution in the computing era after the Internet. In Internet of Things many objects around us will be connected in networks and will communicate among themselves without assistance or human intervention. Large scale implementations has potential to create a huge aggregate traffic. Often brokers or intermediaries, are used to enable this machine-to-machine (M2M) communication using the Publish/Subscribe communication model that has several private libraries for use in Internet of Things. Some works developed by the community aim to treat performance in Publish/Subscribe brokers environment, however impose modifications and restrictions regarding brokers and architecture used. In this scenario, aiming to fulfill the need for cited scalability, we propose a elasticity model called PSElastic. The model provides an model with multilevel elasticity for Publish/Subscribe Brokers, making use of the elasticity promoted by cloud computing, not affecting system performance and without the need for investments or adjustments by customers and applications that make use of this model. PSElastic offers elasticity in the following manners: automatic, reactive and uses the multilevel elasticity, where multilevel refers to Broker level and Orchestrator model. In order to evaluate the model PSElastic, three different scenarios for execution of tests were defined: Scenario 1, without elasticity; Scenario 2, elasticity in the layer of Broker and Scenario 3, multilevel elasticity. Different limits of replica of virtual machines were used, as well as thresholds to evaluate Execution Time, number of Messages per Second handled and Efficiency in the use of computational resources. PSElastic showed excellent results by reducing the time needed to handle a data load by up to 81.2% and increase the throughput of the environment with Mosquitto Broker from 54.95 messages per second (Mps) to 235.29 Mps and from 38.02 Mps to 202.02 Mps in the environment with RabbitMQ Broker.

L’objectif de cette thèse est la gestion de la QdS des systèmes publier/souscrire sur MANET. Ceci provoque un maintien permanent de la connectivité entre les parties communicantes du système. Plus précisément, les contributions de cette thèse, sont organisées autour de deux grands axes relatifs aux modules de monitoring et d’analyse de la QdS de ces systèmes dans un contexte ad-hoc. Ceci englobe les etapes de collecte des paramètres de QdS au cours du fonctionnement du système, et de détection des dégradations pouvant l’affecter.Contrairement à ce qui existe dans la littérature, notre module d’analyse, basé sur des méthodes statistiques, se base sur des seuils adaptatifs qui tiennent en comptes de la dynamicité du réseau et des changements affectant le contexte ad-hoc. En outre, le module d’analyse proposé offre à l’utilisateur une variété de choix entre une analyse réactive, proactive et hybride. Notre module permet aussi une localisation des pannes une fois détectées ou prédites. Des expérimentations menées à l’aide du simulateur Jist/Swans ont montré l’efficacité des modules developpés. De plus, une mesure des paramètres de performance du système avant et après introduction des modules développés a montré leur efficacité. Finalement, une étude de la complexité spatiale et temporelle du module analytique proposé a été réalisée. / Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) is a set of nodes, communicating meaning wireless channel without any centralized control. The main characteristic of MANET is the frequent mobility of its nodes leading to some dynamic changes of topology. Nodes mobility in such networks introduces possible disconnections between adjacent nodes, and more generally quality of service (QoS) degradation issues that do not fit well with QoS requirements of QoS sensitive applications. Publish/subscribe communicating system has been proposed at the middleware layer in order to communicate mobile entities in MANET. Such system is a decoupled interaction between publishers (or producers) and receivers (or consumers).Our goal in this thesis is to provide a QoS management for publish/subscribe systems when deployed on MANET while assuming a best effort flux at the routing layer. This thesis proposes an analytical model for latency aware publish/subscribe systems on mobile ad-hoc networks. The proposed approach combines both proactive and reactive statistical analysis.On the one hand, the reactive analysis, suitable for multimedia applications, detects failures by approximating latency series with Gumbel distribution. On the other hand, the proactive analysis, suitable for crisis management applications, forecasts failures occurrence relying on Auto Regression or Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average Formulas. Finally, a hybrid analysis was proposed by dynamically switching from reactive to predictive forms of analysis whenever quality of service violations are noticed. In order to extract failure cause, we refer to the correlation method once failure was detected or predicted. Simulations done, using Jist/Swans simulator, under different scenariosproved the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed scheme.

We present fpga-ToPSS (Toronto Publish/ Subscribe System), an efficient FPGA-based middleware platform geared towards high-frequency and low-latency event processing. fpga-ToPSS is built over reconfigurable hardware---FPGAs---to achieve line-rate processing by exploiting unprecedented degrees of parallelism and potential for pipelining,only available through custom-built, application-specific and low-level logic design. Furthermore, our middleware solution hosts an event processing engine that is built on a hardware-based packet processor and Boolean expression matcher. Our middleware vision extends to a wide range of applications including real-time data analytics, intrusion detection, algorithmic trading, targeted advertisement, and (complex) event processing.

We present fpga-ToPSS (Toronto Publish/ Subscribe System), an efficient FPGA-based middleware platform geared towards high-frequency and low-latency event processing. fpga-ToPSS is built over reconfigurable hardware---FPGAs---to achieve line-rate processing by exploiting unprecedented degrees of parallelism and potential for pipelining,only available through custom-built, application-specific and low-level logic design. Furthermore, our middleware solution hosts an event processing engine that is built on a hardware-based packet processor and Boolean expression matcher. Our middleware vision extends to a wide range of applications including real-time data analytics, intrusion detection, algorithmic trading, targeted advertisement, and (complex) event processing.

Evolving smart infrastructures requires both content distribution as well as event notification and processing support. Content Centric Networking (CCN), built around named data, is a clean slate network architecture for supporting future applications. Due to its focus on content distribution, CCN does not inherently support Publish-Subscribe event notification, a fundamental building block in computer mediated systems and a critical requirement for smart infrastructure applications. While semantics of content distribution and event notification require different support systems from the underlying network infrastructure, content distribution and event notification can still be united by leveraging similarities in the routing infrastructure. Our Extended-CCN architecture(X-CCN) realizes this to provide lightweight content based pub-sub service at the network layer, which is used to provide advanced publish/subscribe services at higher layers. Light weight content based pub-sub and CCN communication at network layer along with advanced publish/subscribe together are presented as data fabric for the smart infrastructures applications.

Evolving smart infrastructures requires both content distribution as well as event notification and processing support. Content Centric Networking (CCN), built around named data, is a clean slate network architecture for supporting future applications. Due to its focus on content distribution, CCN does not inherently support Publish-Subscribe event notification, a fundamental building block in computer mediated systems and a critical requirement for smart infrastructure applications. While semantics of content distribution and event notification require different support systems from the underlying network infrastructure, content distribution and event notification can still be united by leveraging similarities in the routing infrastructure. Our Extended-CCN architecture(X-CCN) realizes this to provide lightweight content based pub-sub service at the network layer, which is used to provide advanced publish/subscribe services at higher layers. Light weight content based pub-sub and CCN communication at network layer along with advanced publish/subscribe together are presented as data fabric for the smart infrastructures applications.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:59:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo5463_1.pdf: 1462415 bytes, checksum: 975980491ca4b4412b374f07a3f2612d (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / A atratividade das Redes de Sensores Sem Fio (RSSF) para o monitoramento das condições do ambiente e para servir de ponte entre o mundo físico e o virtual vem aumentando devido aos avanços da micro-eletrônica, que possibilitaram a produção de vários tipos de sensores (luz, umidade, temperatura, fumaça, radiação, acústicos, sísmicos, etc.) no mesmo chip que processa o sinal e realiza a comunicação. As RSSF podem ser consideradas ambientes de computação distribuída com severas restrições de velocidade de processamento, tamanho de memória, energia e largura de banda. Individualmente os nós das redes de sensores são tipicamente não confiáveis e a topologia da rede pode mudar dinamicamente. As redes de sensores também se diferenciam por causa da estreita interação com o ambiente físico através de sensores e atuadores. Devido à todas estas diferenças, muitas soluções desenvolvidas para plataformas de computação genéricas e para redes ad-hoc não podem ser aplicadas às RSSF. Todavia, os nós das redes de sensores também exibem características de sistema de propósito geral e de sistemas embutidos. Os sistemas de middleware para RSSF têm objetivos similares (ex., comunicação) aos dos sistemas de middleware tradicionais como CORBA, RMI, JINI, DCOM e PVM, porém têm restrições diferentes. Os sistemas de middleware tradicionais geralmente consomem demasiadamente recursos como processamento, memória e largura de banda, enquanto que nas RSSF estes recursos são escassos dificultando a tarefa de desenvolver sistemas de middleware para estas redes. O desenvolvimento de middleware para RSSF é o tema central desta dissertação. O middleware desenvolvido nesta dissertação deve possui as seguintes características: adaptação do comportamento da aplicação devido à disponibilidade de recursos e características do ambiente físico; comunicação entre nós da rede permitindo também a comunicação assíncrona, pois é mais adequada ao modelo de disseminação de informação requerido por aplicações em RSSF; combinação ou fusão de dados provenientes de fontes diferentes eliminando redundância, minimizando o número de transmissões e assim economizando energia; e gerenciamento de grupos de nós para dar suporte à aplicações de rastreamento de objetos, tolerância a falhas, segurança, sincronização de relógios e gerenciamento de energia. Para realizar as características mencionadas, apresentamos o projeto, a implementação e a validação de um middleware para RSSF. Este middleware é visto como uma coleção de serviços (de middleware) fornecidos através de uma API (Application Programming Interface) e é composto pelos serviços de: comunicação, que provê canais de comunicação broadcast e publish-subscribe; reconfiguração, responsável pela reconfiguração de componentes da aplicação e serviços do middleware; gerenciamento de grupos, que provê um modelo de gerenciamento de grupos de nós da rede; e de agregação, que realiza a combinação de dados para diminuir o envio de dados pela rede

Mobile applications and real-time data are excellent tools for rapidly sharing information. Such information may concern public transportation, such as time tables and traffic delays. This project has involved the development of a trip planner, which can subscribe to real-time data in order to inform the end user about the position of transit vehicles and trip updates. A trip planner is an application which, after having been given a start and a destination by the user, generates the possible trip between these two locations. The route is displayed upon a map, along with information of how the trip is travelled. The real-time data, which is pushed to the application, will inform the user if vehicles are delayed and if the trip needs to be updated due to a missed bus or train. The trip planner for Itract developed in this project is using the graphical interface and some necessary Java classes from the open source application Open Trip Planner. The new trip planner, developed in this project, is compatible with the API of Itract, has some additional functionality and can subscribe to real-time information. To subscribe to real-time information, a database called Redis has been set up in connection to Itract. Another database, known as MongoDB, is used for persistant storage. / Itract