Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de referência para o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos no setor moageiro de trigo. O modelo tem a finalidade de facilitar os projetos de novos produtos, avaliando a necessidade, requisitos e limitações do setor; de modo a contribuir para melhores resultados em custos, qualidade e tempo de desenvolvimento, integração entre as áreas funcionais e transferência de informações. O modelo de referência proposto foi elaborado a partir de conhecimentos adquiridos da literatura de desenvolvimento de produto, diagnóstico do ambiente interno e externo do setor moageiro, estudo sobre duas empresas moageiras de médio porte e seus fornecedores. A modelagem é orientada por sete diretrizes, que visam definir as práticas de gestão para conduzir o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) aos objetivos esperados e as particularidades desejadas. A estrutura operacional do modelo é composta por três macro-fases e oito fases, abrangendo desde o planejamento do portfólio de produtos até a retirada do produto do mercado. Estas fases são desmembradas em atividades e tarefas, onde ferramentas de apoio ao modelo podem ser utilizadas para gerar as informações de saídas necessárias para o avanço do projeto. No término de cada fase, as principais informações são compiladas em forma de um documento, que deve passar pela avaliação da direção (gate). A direção determina entre: continuar, descontinuar o projeto ou revisar a fase. A aplicação do modelo de referência foi realizada a partir de um plano para sistematizar o PDP de uma das empresas estudadas. A intervenção para adaptar o modelo de referência à empresa apresentou as etapas de: analisar a situação atual do PDP, propor melhorias e conduzir a aplicação do modelo. Entre os principais resultados, destaca-se a facilidade de enquadrar as soluções propostas para melhorar o PDP da empresa ao modelo referencial. Mostrando, assim, que o modelo de referência é exeqüível e de fácil adaptação as especificidades das empresas da indústria moageira. Também foi possível conferir, que o modelo está alicerçado na metodologia do desenvolvimento integrado de produtos, onde o banco de dados integrado permite a troca de informações e o aprendizado no processo de desenvolvimento, proporcionando o amadurecimento da estrutura organizacional. / This work presents a reference model for the milling wheat product development process. The model targets to facilitate the project of new products, evaluating the necessity, requirements and limitations of the sector. It contributes for better results in costs, quality, development time, integration among functional areas, and proper information transfer. The reference model proposed was elaborated from knowledge acquired in product development literature research, diagnosis from the internal and external milling industry environment, study about two medium size milling company and a questionnaire filed up by their suppliers. The model is oriented from seven policies, which aim to define managing practices to conduce the products development process (PDP) through the expected goals and the desired particularities. The operational structure of the model is composed by three macro-phases and eight phases, enclosing from product portfolio planning to the end of product life in the market. These phases are divided in activities and tasks, where model's support tools can be used to generate the output information necessary to the advance of the project. At the end of each phase, the main information is compiled in form of a document, which must pass by a top management evaluation gate. Top management decides between: continuing, discontinuing the project, or review the phase. The reference model application was planned to systemize milling wheat companies' PDP. The intervention to adapt the reference model to the company presented the following stages: analyse the actual status of the PDP, propose improvements, and conduct model application. Among the main results, stand out the facility to apply the proposed solutions to improve the company's PDP using the reference model. Showing that the reference model is easy to adapt and implement in milling wheat companies. It was also possible to figure out that the model is founded in the integrated product development methodology, where the integrated data base allow information and know-how transfer during the development process, proportioning improvement of the organization structure.

Desenvolver produtos e serviços de qualidade utilizando um processo padronizado com conceitos validados é fundamental para a redução do tempo de desenvolvimento e conseqüente redução de custos e obtenção de vantagens estratégicas para a empresa. Neste contexto o Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos e Serviços é visto como um diferencial estratégico para as empresas. O uso de um modelo customizado se mostra a forma mais adequada de implementação ou adaptação do processo na empresa. Um modelo traz uma padronização das etapas do processo, bem como documentos e ferramentas pertinentes para as atividades que devem ser desenvolvidas. Essa dissertação propõe um modelo customizado de desenvolvimento para uma empresa mista de produtos e serviços. O tema de pesquisa foi motivado por um estudo em uma empresa mista de produtos e serviços que desenvolve softwares, serviços e produtos para a gestão de frotas. Com base nos problemas diagnosticados na empresa desenvolveu-se um modelo customizado baseado na literatura. Pretende-se que este modelo seja base para estudos em empresas deste tipo, que contenham no seu portfólio um misto de produtos e serviços. O modelo foi desenvolvido com base em modelos referenciais da literatura, em especial os modelos propostos por Rozenfeld et al. (2006), Peters et al. (1999) e Mello (2005). Inicialmente é apresentado um modelo híbrido teórico, baseado na comparação dos três modelos selecionados e, por fim, é apresentado o modelo customizado proposto contempla as macro-fases de Pré-Projeto, Projeto e Pós-Projeto, sendo a fase de Projeto dividida nas fases: (i) Iniciação; (ii) Planejamento; (iii) Execução; (iv) Controle; e (v) Encerramento. / To develop quality products and services using a standardized process with validated concepts is the key to reducing the development time and consequently reduces costs, achieving strategic advantages for the company. In this context the process of developing products and services is seen as a strategic matter for businesses. The use of a specific reference model appears to be the most appropriate form of implementation or adaptation of the process in the company. A customized model provides a standardization of the stages of the process, as well as documents and tools relevant to the activities to be developed. This dissertation proposes a development reference model for a company that mixes products and services. The research theme has been motivated by a study realized in a company that mixes products and services, developing software, services and products to fleet management. Based on the company diagnosed problems has been developed a development customized model based on the literature. The model must be a reference to the similar companies, who mixes products and services on their portfolio. The model was developed based on models related on the literature, in particular the models proposed by Rozenfeld et al. (2006), Peters et al. (1999) and Mello (2005). Initially is present a theoretical reference model, based on comparison of three models selected, and finally is given the customized model proposed considers the macro-phases of Pre-Project, Project and Post-Project, the Project being divided in phases (i) Initiation, (ii) Planning, (iii) Implementation, (iv) Control and (v) Termination.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo propor um modelo de referência para o design de produto digital educacional interativo para a televisão digital. Para isso, a revisão de literatura aborda os aspectos que caracterizam a linguagem televisual. Em um segundo momento, apresenta as características técnicas de funcionamento do Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão Digital. Logo após, expõe as possibilidades de interatividade desse meio. Também estudam-se os aspectos que caracterizam um objeto de aprendizagem, a classificação dos objetos e a metodologia do design instrucional. Ainda são tratadas as metodologias utilizadas para o desenvolvimento de audiovisual, o desenvolvimento para televisão interativa. Com base na pesquisa bibliográfica, buscou-se identificar as fases do processo de produção com o design de informação. A partir dessa análise e da comparação das metodologias utilizadas para a produção de conteúdo televisivo, elaborou-se um modelo de referência que apoia o processo de projeto para o desenvolvimento de produtos educacionais interativos para a televisão digital de uma maneira mais formal e sistemática. Utilizando esse modelo, desenvolveu-se um produto educacional voltado ao ensino de design e verificou-se que a principal contribuição dessa proposta é o desenvolvimento integrado para a televisão interativa, considerando todas as equipes envolvidas desde o início do projeto. / This research aims at proposing a reference model to design a digital interactive educational product for digital television. In order to achieve this goal, the literature review addresses the aspects that characterize the televisual language. Secondly, it presents the technical operatio- nal characteristics of the Brazilian Digital Television System. Soon after, the possibilities of interactivity in this medium are exposed. Aspects that characterize an object of learning, the classification of educational objectives and the instructional design are also studied. The methodologies used for audiovisual development and the development for interactive television are also addressed . Based on the bibliographical research, we sought to identify the stages of the production process and its relationship with information design. From this analysis and from the comparison of the methodologies used for the production of television content, we created a reference model that supports the process to develop interactive educational products for digital television more formally and systematically. Using this model, we developed an educational product geared towards teaching design. It was found that the main contribution of this proposal is the integrated development for interactive television, considering all the teams involved since the beginning of the project.

A literatura acadêmica é rica em apresentar a importância do gerenciamento eficiente e eficaz do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) para o sucesso das empresas. O PDP é visto hoje como um dos processos-chave em empresas que desenvolvem seus produtos e que almejam manter e/ou aumentar sua participação no mercado. A adoção de um modelo de referência estruturado tem se mostrado uma boa prática nesta área, disciplinando, padronizando, controlando e organizando todas as fases do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos, o que proporciona um melhor aproveitamento de recursos, menor tempo de desenvolvimento e satisfação do cliente. Entretanto, muitas empresas não obtêm os resultados esperados durante e/ou após a implementação do modelo de referência, uma vez que nem todas estão preparadas técnica e culturalmente para adotar um processo estruturado. Baseado nesse contexto, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é melhorar o PDP de uma empresa de produção de bens de consumo duráveis, visando à implementação de um modelo de referência (processo de desenvolvimento de produtos estruturado). A hipótese proposta é que a definição e implementação de ações de melhoria antes e paralelamente à introdução do modelo de referência na empresa contribuem para o sucesso de sua implementação. Adotou-se a metodologia da pesquisa-ação, abordagem que objetiva tanto a tomada de ação quanto a criação de conhecimento, com ciclos contínuos de melhoria de processo. A pesquisa foi dividida em 5 etapas básicas: contexto e propósito, diagnóstico do PDP da empresa, definição e priorização dos projetos de melhoria, implementação dos projetos de melhoria e avaliação dos resultados. Este ciclo, com exceção da primeira etapa (contexto e propósito) se repetiu 3 vezes neste trabalho. Os temas estudados na revisão bibliográfica são melhoria de processo, processo de desenvolvimento de produtos e modelos de referência. À partir do diagnóstico da situação atual da empresa, utilizando-se a técnica da árvore da realidade atual (ARA), foram definidos os seguintes projetos de melhoria, que foram detalhados e implantados: (1) classificação de projetos, (2) planejamento estratégico de produtos, (3) políticas de recursos humanos para o PDP, (4) política de relacionamento com fornecedores, (5) planejamento de tecnologia da informação e comunicação para o PDP, (6) implementação do modelo de referência, (7) treinamento em temas relacionados ao PDP, (8) melhoria no uso do FMEA, (9) gerenciamento de custo integrado, (10) gerenciamento de mudança cultural voltado ao PDP, (11) padronização de produtos e (12) redução do gap tecnológico. Um questionário estruturado foi aplicado a alguns participantes do PDP com o objetivo de avaliar o tema proposto na hipótese, ou seja, verificar se os projetos de melhoria contribuíram para a implementação do modelo de referência. Os dados foram organizados, formatados e os resultados foram apresentados. As considerações finais encerram o trabalho apresentando conclusões, comentários e sugestões para futuros trabalhos. / The academic literature is rich in presenting the importance of the efficient and effective product development process (PDP) management for business success. PDP is seen today as one of the key processes in product developing companies which intend to maintain and/or increase their market share. The adoption of a structured reference model has shown to be a good practice in this area, regulating, standardizing, managing and organizing all phases of product development, which provides a better utilization of resources, lower development time and customer satisfaction. However, many companies do not obtain the expected results during and/or after the implementation of the reference model, since not all are technically and culturally prepared to adopt a structured process. Based on this context, the main goal of this study is to improve the PDP of a manufacturing company, aiming at implementing a reference model (structured product development process). The hypothesis is that the definition and implementation of improvement actions before and along with the introduction of the reference model in the company contribute to the success of its implementation. It was adopted the methodology of action research whose approach aims at both taking action and creation of knowledge, using the process of continuous improvement cycles. This research was organized into five basic steps: context and purpose, company diagnosis related to the PDP, definition and prioritization of improvement projects, implementation of improvement projects and result evaluating. This cycle, except for the first stage (context and purpose), was repeated three times in this research. The subjects studied and evaluated in the literature review were: process improvement, product development process and reference models. From diagnosis of the company current situation, using the current reality tree (ARA) technique, the following improvement projects have been established, detailed and deployed: (1) project taxonomy, (2) product strategic planning, (3) human resource policies for PDP, (4) supplier relationship policy, (5) information and communication technology (ICT) for PDP, (6) reference model implementation, (7) Training plan in topics related to PDP, (8) improvement of FMEA usage, (9) integrated cost management, (10) cultural change management toward PDP (11) product standardization and (12) decrease of technological gap. A structured questionnaire was applied to some participants of the PDP with the aim of evaluating the proposed topic in the hypothesis: determine whether improvement projects contributed to the implementation of the reference model. The data were organized, formatted and the results were presented. The final considerations finalize this study, showing conclusions, comments and suggestions for future works.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-25T13:28:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoaugustocapuzzodelima.pdf: 6152432 bytes, checksum: 3675029f4950888d8c5071bd7d5d4a44 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-25T16:34:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoaugustocapuzzodelima.pdf: 6152432 bytes, checksum: 3675029f4950888d8c5071bd7d5d4a44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T16:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandoaugustocapuzzodelima.pdf: 6152432 bytes, checksum: 3675029f4950888d8c5071bd7d5d4a44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-26 / Em um cenário de constantes mudanças tecnológicas e sociais, as crescentes complexidades do projeto contemporâneo vêm aumentando significativamente. O uso de softwares com abordagens paramétricas na exploração de projetos tem facilitado a automação dos demorados processos de desenho manual e permitido a introdução de alterações em fases posteriores do projeto. A inclusão do projeto algorítmico na prática projetual leva a necessidade de repensar o processo de projeto com base em conceitos não-lineares, isso porque sua construção está vinculada a um histórico projetual explícito. O enfoque deste trabalho foi o processo de desenvolvimento de um produto (PDP). O objetivo foi propor um modelo de referência de processo, que integrado com os Sistemas Generativos de Projeto (SGP), permitiu entender a sistemática da modelagem tridimensional nos softwares Rhinoceros e Grasshopper. Para que esse objetivo fosse alcançado foi utilizada a metodologia Design Science Research, onde foram analisados dois estudos de caso e desenvolvido um estudo exploratório intitulado de “Mesa dinâmica: uma experiência de mobiliário generativo”. Essa experimentação prática nos permitiu entender o fluxo de informações de um PDP quando associado aos SGP. O ato de tornar o processo explícito pode contribuir como um método estruturado na aplicação dos princípios lógicos do projeto algorítmico, agindo como uma lista de verificação no desenvolvimento de futuros projetos e promovendo uma comunicação mais rápida e eficiente entre os vários projetistas. / The contemporary design complexities have significantly increased in a scenario of continuous technological and social changes. Using parametric approach-based softwares to explore designs helps automating time-consuming hand drawing processes and allows making changes in later stages of the design. The algorithmic design inclusion into design practices leads to the need to rethink the design process based on non-linear concepts, since its construction is linked to an explicit design history. The current study focuses on the product development process (PDP). It has the aim of proposing a process reference model that, in articulation with Generative Design Systems (GDS), allows understanding how threedimensional modeling operates in softwares such as Rhinoceros and Grasshopper. Thus, a Design Sciense Research methodology that included the analysis of two case studies as well as the development of an exploratory study entitled "Dynamic table: a generative furniture experience" was used. This practical experimentation allowed understanding the information flow of a GDS-associated PDP. Making this process explicit may work as a structured method to apply the logical principles of algorithmic design. It may also work as a checklist in the development of future designs and provide faster and more efficient communication between different designers.

Abstract The era of mobile communications and mobile services has begun. The ongoing mobile revolution has dramatically and fundamentally changed our daily lifestyles, and it will continue to do so in a foreseeable future. For the next generation, mobile service end users have more demands for such services. This thesis examines the challenging user perspectives in designing and developing high value added mobile services. The aim of this research is to develop reference models and elicit user requirements for 3G and beyond mobile services in order to improve the quality of mobile services. This thesis first examines the existing architectures and models for high value added mobile services, followed by the contributions of the thesis. In this thesis, a Cyberworld model, which is a contribution to the WWRF reference modeling initiative and a specification of the WSI reference model, was developed and it serves as a basis for 3G and beyond mobile services design and development. A series of definitions of the Cyberworld model and a roadmap of the enabling technologies were also built up. The emphasis of this part is on how to describe and model user participation in mobile services. For this purpose, a model of the communication element to represent the components of the wireless world was created. Both static and dynamic reference modeling steps were established to better describe and understand user participation in mobile services. The validation was achieved through the CyPhone navigation mobile service. In order to enhance mobile service mobility, personalisation, and security, an ontology based model was developed to extend the Cyberworld model functionalities. The innovative ontology based mobile system will greatly increase service mobility, personalisation and security, thus improving the quality of mobile services. The ontology based model was illustrated and validated using a healthcare mobile service. A Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach was adopted in this research in order to elicit, weigh and prioritise actual user requirements and link them to technical design requirements of mobile services. Traditionally QFD is employed in manufacturing industry. This approach is now extended to the mobile service industry for the first time. In this thesis, a detailed step by step QFD approach was proposed for designing high value added mobile services. As a result, the developed mobile services will better meet users' wants and needs which also means that the quality of mobile services will be significantly improved. The QFD approach was validated through a mobile e-learning service and another dedicated healthcare service for senior citizens. Through development of reference models and examination of user requirements for 3G and beyond mobile services from user perspectives, this thesis contributes to the design and development of high value added mobile services.

With the advance of the fourth industrial revolution, the manufacturing industry is increasingly changing. The intelligent networking of machines and the collection of real-time data opens up new possibilities for data-based decision making. One of those applications is the digital twin. Those are digital copies of physical objects that represent the behavior of their real-world counterparts. Therefore they consist of several models to describe this behavior. The use of digital twins for virtual commissioning has been proven to reduce real commissioning time as errors can be identified and fixed before they occur. Especially in the manufacturing industry virtual commissioning is used for expensive assets such as whole manufacturing lines. This thesis investigates how a three-dimensional model of a manufacturing cell can be connected to its real-world counterpart. The aim is to develop a reference model. A virtual commissioning model of a real manufacturing cell is created to evaluate the main components of the reference model. The outcome of this study is a theoretical reference model to connect a collaborative manufacturing cell with a digital twin. Through the connection, the three-dimensional simulation model acts as a video of the real cell. The reference model can serve as the base for further research such as remote troubleshooting or to improve existing models.

The growing need for a trustworthy Future Internet demands evolutionary approaches unfettered by legacy constrains and concepts. The networking community is calling for new network architectural proposals that address the deficiencies identified in present network realizations, acknowledge the need for a trustworthy IT infrastructure, and satisfy the society's emerging and future requirements. Proposed architectures need to be founded on well-articulated design principles, account for network operational and management complexities, embrace technology and application heterogeneity, regulate network-inherent emergent behavior, and overcome shortcomings attributed to present network realizations. This dissertation presents our proposed clean-slate Concern-Oriented Reference Model (CORM) for architecting future computer networks. CORM stands as a guiding framework from which network architectures can be derived according to specific functional, contextual, and operational requirements or constraints. CORM represents a pioneering attempt within the network realm, and to our knowledge, CORM is the first reference model that is bio-inspired and derived in accordance with the Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) engineering framework. CORM conceives a computer network as a software-dependent complex system whose design needs to be attempted in a concern-oriented bottom-up approach along two main dimensions: a vertical dimension addressing structure and configuration of network building blocks; and a horizontal dimension addressing communication and interactions among the previously formulated building blocks. For each network dimension, CORM factors the design space into function, structure, and behavior, applying to each the principle of separation of concerns for further systematic decomposition. In CORM, the network-building block is referred to as the Network Cell (NC), which represents CORM's first basic abstraction. An NC's structure and inherent behavior are bio-inspired, imitating a bacterium cell in a bacteria colony, thus it is capable of adaptation, self-organization and evolution. An NC's functional operation is defined by CORM second basic abstraction; the ACRF framework. The ACRF framework is a conceptual framework for network-concerns derived according to our interpretation of computer network requirement specifications. CORM networks are recursively synthesized in a bottom-up fashion out of CORM NCs. CORM addresses the multi-dimensionality of computer networks by modeling the network structure and behavior using a network structural template (NST), and an information flow model (IFM), respectively. Being developed according to a complex system paradigm, CORM refutes the long endorsed concept of layering, intrinsically accounts for emergent behavior, and ensures system integrity and stability. As a reference model, CORM is more typical of conventional engineering. Therefore it was validated using the FBS engineering framework. However, the behavior to be realized in CORM-based networks was substantiated and evaluated by deriving CellNet, our proposed CORM-based network architecture. CellNet-compliant protocols' behavioral adaptation and modification were illustrated and evaluated through simulation. CORM will have a profound impact on the operation and behavior of computer networks composing the Internet. By introducing awareness adaptability and evolvability as network intrinsic features, CORM-based Internet will proactively respond to changes in operational contexts, underlying technologies, and end user requirements. A major direction in CORM future work would be to detail the IFM component. / Ph. D.

Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited. / The thesis research examines the emergence of Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) architecture currently under development by the Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) initiative established by the Department of Defense (DoD). SCORM is a collection of specifications adapted from multiple sources to provide a comprehensive suite of E-Learning capabilities that enable interoperability, accessibility, and reusability of Web-based learning content. To understand better the implementation issues of SCORM architecture, the authors analyze all versions of SCORM to understand the evolution of this emerging architecture. It contrasts the evolving requirements for shareable content objects with concerns of copyright issues. The authors address development and implementation issues surrounding the maturation of SCORM architecture and the ADL initiative. The authors recommend that DoD, international, and civilian business partners join in improving E-Learning by embracing technology, such as SCORM, that allows for shareable content objects to be used and reused within civilian and military education and training Learning Management Systems (LMS) across the World Wide Web. / Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy / Lieutenant, United States Naval Reserve

O processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) é formado por um conjunto de atividades organizadas e interativas com o propósito de se planejar, desenvolver e fabricar um produto que seja técnico e economicamente viável, além de ser atrativo e atender, quando possível, todas as expectativas dos usuários. Para que tais atividades sejam realizadas e concluídas faz-se o uso de ferramentas de auxílio ao PDP. Entre estas ferramentas estão os protótipos virtuais e os protótipos físicos. A utilização de protótipos virtuais e físicos no PDP traz maturidade ao projeto, reduz as incertezas, e auxilia na conservação do fluxo de informação durante todo projeto, desenvolvimento, implementação e operação da unidade fabril. Desta forma diferentes protótipos são utilizados para diferentes necessidades, de modo que o desenvolvimento do produto seja concluído e, em paralelo, se inicie o projeto do processo de fabricação. Esta tese apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo de referência específico para o processo de desenvolvimento do produto automotivo, denominado de PDP-Automotivo. A partir deste modelo de referência, um conjunto de diretrizes para a seleção de protótipos virtuais e físicos é proposto. O PDP-Automotivo foi validado por meio de uma pesquisa de campo envolvendo profissionais pertencentes à montadoras, autopeças e empresas de projeto automotivo. As diretrizes também foram analisadas e validadas por profissionais atuantes no setor automotivo. / The product development process (PDP) consists of a set of organized and interactive activities aiming to plan, develop and manufacture a technically and economically feasible product. Moreover, this product is intended to be attractive and, when possible, meet all users expectations. PDP-aiding tools, such as virtual prototypes and physical prototypes, are used in order to perform and complete these activities. The use of virtual prototypes and physical prototypes in PDP brings maturity to the design, reduces uncertainties and helps to maintain the information flow during the design, development, implementation and operation of the manufacturing unit. Therefore, different prototypes are used to meet distinct needs allowing the achievement of the products development process simultaneously to the start of the manufacturing process design. This doctoral study presents the development of a reference model specific for the automotive product development process, named Automotive PDP. A set of guidelines for the selection of virtual and physical prototypes is proposed from this reference model. Automotive PDP was validated by a field research involving professional members from automakers, auto parts and automotive design companies. The guidelines were also analyzed and validated by professional individuals from the automotive sector.