O processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) é formado por um conjunto de atividades organizadas e interativas com o propósito de se planejar, desenvolver e fabricar um produto que seja técnico e economicamente viável, além de ser atrativo e atender, quando possível, todas as expectativas dos usuários. Para que tais atividades sejam realizadas e concluídas faz-se o uso de ferramentas de auxílio ao PDP. Entre estas ferramentas estão os protótipos virtuais e os protótipos físicos. A utilização de protótipos virtuais e físicos no PDP traz maturidade ao projeto, reduz as incertezas, e auxilia na conservação do fluxo de informação durante todo projeto, desenvolvimento, implementação e operação da unidade fabril. Desta forma diferentes protótipos são utilizados para diferentes necessidades, de modo que o desenvolvimento do produto seja concluído e, em paralelo, se inicie o projeto do processo de fabricação. Esta tese apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo de referência específico para o processo de desenvolvimento do produto automotivo, denominado de PDP-Automotivo. A partir deste modelo de referência, um conjunto de diretrizes para a seleção de protótipos virtuais e físicos é proposto. O PDP-Automotivo foi validado por meio de uma pesquisa de campo envolvendo profissionais pertencentes à montadoras, autopeças e empresas de projeto automotivo. As diretrizes também foram analisadas e validadas por profissionais atuantes no setor automotivo. / The product development process (PDP) consists of a set of organized and interactive activities aiming to plan, develop and manufacture a technically and economically feasible product. Moreover, this product is intended to be attractive and, when possible, meet all users expectations. PDP-aiding tools, such as virtual prototypes and physical prototypes, are used in order to perform and complete these activities. The use of virtual prototypes and physical prototypes in PDP brings maturity to the design, reduces uncertainties and helps to maintain the information flow during the design, development, implementation and operation of the manufacturing unit. Therefore, different prototypes are used to meet distinct needs allowing the achievement of the products development process simultaneously to the start of the manufacturing process design. This doctoral study presents the development of a reference model specific for the automotive product development process, named Automotive PDP. A set of guidelines for the selection of virtual and physical prototypes is proposed from this reference model. Automotive PDP was validated by a field research involving professional members from automakers, auto parts and automotive design companies. The guidelines were also analyzed and validated by professional individuals from the automotive sector.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / As aplicaÃÃes da SequÃncia Fedathi (SF), ou seja, seus usos na educaÃÃo, trazem vÃrias possibilidades de ampliaÃÃes desta metodologia pedagÃgica, fomentando uma perspectiva de crescimento da mesma para alÃm de suas fases: tomada de posiÃÃo, maturaÃÃo e debruÃamento, soluÃÃo e prova. Colocando-a como uma alternativa para uma perspectiva de educaÃÃo, cujo professor à mediador e o aluno, um sujeito ativo, participativo, crÃtico, ambos integrados no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Potencializando assim os usos da SF, no Ensino da MatemÃtica, Ensino a DistÃncia, ProduÃÃo de vÃdeos educativos, formaÃÃo de professores, por exemplo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar conceitos aderentes à SF para formaÃÃo de profissionais e para a produÃÃo de conteÃdos, definindo estratÃgias, artefatos e metas. Para tanto, utilizamos como mÃtodos de pesquisa a revisÃo sistemÃtica de literatura, sobre as aplicaÃÃes da SF; estudos de caso relacionados à produÃÃo de conteÃdo para investigar a utilizaÃÃo da SF nos cenÃrios de produÃÃo e de formaÃÃo; e estudos de caso, realizados em uma instituiÃÃo de ensino superior, para validar o MASF: Modelo de ReferÃncia para aplicaÃÃo da SequÃncia Fedathi na formaÃÃo profissional e na produÃÃo de conteÃdo na perspectiva de institucionalizaÃÃo do modelo, definido como a contribuiÃÃo do trabalho. Dentre os resultados obtidos, apresentamos um modelo de referÃncia pedagÃgica para orientar profissionais liberais e/ou instituiÃÃes de ensino na definiÃÃo, implantaÃÃo e melhoria dos processos de uso da SF para a produÃÃo de conteÃdos didÃticos e a formaÃÃo de profissionais a atuarem no processo de ensino-aprendizagem participativos. Diante do referido estudo, podemos perceber o quanto o MASF, a partir da estruturaÃÃo de um modelo educativo, pode favorecer a ampla adoÃÃo da SF em relaÃÃo aos processos de produÃÃo de conteÃdos, formaÃÃo de professores e institucionalizaÃÃo da SF. / The aPClications of Fedathi sequence (SF), that is, its uses in education bring many possibilities for expansion of this teaching methodology, fostering a growth perspective just beyond its phases: taking a stand, maturation and debruÃamento, solution and proof. Placing it as an alternative to an education perspective, whose teacher is the mediator and the student, an active subject, participatory, critical, both integrated in the teaching-learning process. Thus enhancing the SF uses in Mathematics Education, Distance Learning, production of educational videos, teacher training, for example. This work aims to identify concepts adhering to SF for training professionals and content production, defining strategies oriented strategies, artifacts and goals. Therefore, we used as research methods systematic review of literature on the aPClications of SF; case studies related to the production of content to investigate the use of SF in the scenarios of production and training; and case studies in a higher education institution to validate the MASF in the model institutionalization perspective, defined as the contribution of labor. Among the results, we present a pedagogical reference model to guide professionals and / or educational institutions in the definition, implementation and improvement of the SF using processes for the production of educational content and the training of professionals to act in teaching situations participatory-learning. In the face of this study, we can see how the MASF from the structuring of an educational model can promote the widespread adoption of SF regarding the content production process, teacher training and institutionalization of SF.

Modelos de arquitetura têm sido utilizados para permitir o desenvolvimento mais adequado e estruturado de sistemas, desde os mais simples até os mais complexos. A utilização desses modelos em sistemas embarcados, principalmente quando se trata de sistemas embarcados críticos, como é o caso de veículos aéreos não tripulados (VANT), visam a permitir conformidades de padrões, redução no tempo de produção, redução e facilidade no processo de manutenção e desenvolvimento. Sistemas embarcados críticos possuem requisitos específicos, tais como alta confiabilidade e resposta em tempo real, segurança e desempenho. A definição de um modelo arquitetural que permita que esses quesitos sejam levados em consideração, propicie o atendimento aos padrões, além de permitir o desenvolvimento correto e acelerado é inovador, permitindo que não só a comunidade científica venha a ter benefícios com a sua concepção, mas também a indústria brasileira possa ganhar. Nesse sentido, este trabalho desenvolveu um modelo de arquitetura para a interconexão de sistemas aéreos não tripulados (SANTs) em Unified Modeling Language (UML)/System Modelling Language (SysML) denominado LARISSA (Layered ARchitecture model for Interconnection of SystemS in uAs). Como resultado deste trabalho foi possível a modelagem e especificação completa de um SANT fazendo uso desse modelo e a realização de diversos experimentos que permitiram validar o LARISSA. Os experimentos, focados na parte de comunicação, permitiram a concepção de um simulador de redes de VANTs. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a eficiência e a eficácia do modelo de arquitetura LARISSA, além da sua flexibilidade em permitir que diferentes experimentos possam ser realizados, o que auxilia na obtenção de dados que facilitam o processo de certificação desses VANTs. / Architecture models have been used to allow more adequate and structured development of systems, from the simplest to the most complex. The use of models in embedded systems are used to enable compliance standards, reduction in production time and ease of maintenance and development, especially when it comes to critical embedded systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles. Critical embedded systems have specific requirements, such as high reliability and real-time response, security and performance. The definition of an architectural model that deals with these requirements and standards and provides the service to standards allowing the correct and fast development is innovative and will provide benefits to the scientific and industrial communities. In this sense, this work developed an architectural model for the interconnection of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) in Unified Modeling Language (UML)/System Modelling Language (SysML) called LARISSA (Layered ARchitecture model for Interconnection of SystemS in uAs). As a result of this development it was possible the modelling and specification of a complete UAS and the conduction of several experiments that allowed LARISSA validation. The experiments focused on the communication enabled the design of a UAV networks simulator. The results showed the efficiency and effectiveness of LARISSA architecture model, as well as its flexibility in carrying out different experiments, which helps in getting data to facilitate the certification process of these UAVs.

Le prestataire de services logistiques (3PL) réorganise les activités de ses entrepôts afin d’être performant (C.-L. Liu and Lyons 2011). De fait, le 3PL a besoin d’une connaissance détaillée du coût des activités de ses entrepôts. Le cadre théorique de cette thèse se situe à l’intersection entre l’entrepôt, la conception, et les coûts. Dans le cadre de la conception des entrepôts, la sélection et plus particulièrement l’identification de l’ensemble des ressources de l’entrepôt est peu étudiée (S. S. Heragu et al. 2005; Gu, Goetschalckx, and McGinnis 2010). Parallèlement, l’activity-based costing (ABC) est une méthode de calcul de coût peu appliquée pour obtenir le coût des entrepôts (Pirttilä and Hautaniemi 1995). Plusieurs freins entravent son application, dont le manque de formalisation dans la définition des activités (Waeytens and Bruggeman 1994). À l’aide d’une recherche qualitative au sein de l'entreprise FM Logistic, une classification des ressources de l’entrepôt et un modèle de référence des activités de l’entrepôt sont proposés. La classification des ressources de l’entrepôt permet l’identification de l’ensemble des ressources de l’entrepôt. La classification est ensuite utilisée au sein du modèle de référence des activités de l’entrepôt. Le modèle de référence facilite l’application de l’ABC en standardisant le vocabulaire utilisé pour définir les activités de l’entrepôt. Le modèle de référence est ensuite mobilisé lors de différentes applications, dans le cadre de la conception des activités de l’entrepôt d’un prestataire de services logistiques. / The logistics service provider (3PL) is reorganizing the activities of its warehouse to be efficient (C.-L. Liu and Lyons 2011). In fact, 3PL needs a detailed knowledge of the cost of the activities of its warehouses. The theoretical framework of this thesis lies at the intersection between warehouse, design and costs. Concerning the design of the warehouses, the selection, and especially the identification of all resources, are not much studied (S. S. Heragu et al. 2005; Gu, Goetschalckx, and McGinnis 2010). Concurrently, activity-based costing (ABC) is a cost calculation method which is little applied for obtaining warehouse costs (Pirttilä and Hautaniemi 1995). Several obstacles hinder its application, including the lack of formalization in the definition of activities (Waeytens and Bruggeman 1994).Using qualitative research within the enterprise FM Logistic, a classification of warehouse resources and a reference model of warehouse activities are proposed. The warehouse resource classification allows the identification of all the warehouse resources. The classification is then mobilised within the reference model of warehouse activities. The reference model facilitates the application of the ABC by standardizing the vocabulary to define the activities of the warehouse. The reference model is then employed for different applications, as part of the design of warehouse activities of a logistic service provider.

Recently the Internet with XML technologies and especially XBRL technology has impacted what is recognised as the financial reporting supply chain. Some claims in the market report that XBRL has the potential to reduce inefficiencies, automate and optimise the financial reporting supply chain. Nevertheless the real nature of the impact still remains unclear. The growing number of XBRL projects around the world together with strong interest from bodies such as the SEC in the United States, CEBS in the European Union and the IASB building XBRL taxonomies demonstrate the need for research in the area of XBRL application in the context of financial accounting and accounting information systems as well as in the financial reporting supply chain context. In order to answer the demand on the research in this area this research addresses financial reporting supply chain on the basis of financial accounting literature. With the introduction of information systems for enterprises, financial reporting was often discussed as a part of the AIS literature. Nevertheless the supply chain character and information systems context of financial reporting are rarely considered in the research literature in any theoretically constituent manner. This study examines the impact of XBRL on the financial reporting supply chain architecture. First goal of this thesis is to properly state and set the boundaries of financial reporting supply chain. In order to realise the goal modelling of financial reporting domain as financial reporting supply chain architecture is conducted. The second goal is to critically assess impact of XBRL on the modelled financial reporting supply chain architecture components. This assessment is conducted by enhancing financial reporting supply chain architecture with XBRL components thus modelling XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture. The secondary goal of the assessment is the construction of the reference model of XBRL financial reporting supply chain architecture.

Large software systems are in need of a construction plan to determine and define every concept and element used in order to not end up in complex, unusable, and cost-intensive systems. Different modeling languages, like UML, support the development of these construction plans and visualize them for the system’s stakeholders. Reference models are a specific kind of construction plan, used as templates for information systems and already capture business domain knowledge for reuse and tailoring. By adaptation, reference models are tailored to enterprise-specific application models, which can be used for software construction and maintenance. However, current adaptation methods suffer from the limitations of pure object-oriented development (e.g., identity issues, large inheritance trees, and inflexibility). In this thesis, the usage of roles as the sole adaptation mechanism is proposed to solve these challenges. With the help of conceptual roles, it is possible to create rich model variations and adaptations from existing (industry standard) reference models, and it is simpler to react to model evolution and changing business logic. Adaptations can be specified with more precision by maintaining or even increasing the model’s expressiveness. As a consequence, the role-enriched final application model can be used to describe software systems in more detail, with different perspectives, and, if available, can be implemented with a role supporting programming language. However, even without this step, the application model itself will provide valuable insights into the overall construction plan of a software system by the combination of structure and behavior and a clear separation of relatively stable domain knowledge from its use case specific adaptation.

Artificial life modelling is an extensive subject to exert effort in one piece of work such as this work. For that reason this work is limited to keep the base line of modelling of human behavior. Presented work deal with a creation of an artificial agent whose human-like behavior is implemented according to the PECS reference model. Specification of the PECS reference model is implemented in Java to build a simulation of artificial human being in some environment. Modeled human being has been assigned to imitate human activities, react adequately to sensed events from the environment and change the environment to achieve its goals. Modeled human being is a behavior controled entity acting according to its current role.

No description available.

South Africa has shown an increased interest and awareness of Open Source Software (OSS) in the past decade. One of the reasons for this was the support from the Shuttleworth Foundation for Open Source initiatives. Migrating to OSS is a difficult and time consuming activity that should not be underestimated by the migration team. Careful planning and roll-out procedures should be in place before one commence on this journey. Process reference models are used in different fields to capture the generic process flow of activities. For the OSS domain, no process reference models could be found for migration purposes. Therefore, this study has as aim the suggestion of an initial set of process reference models for an organisational OSS migration. These process reference models were identified by capturing the process models for a case study that entailed the migration of the CSIR software systems and desktops from proprietary to OSS. From this set of process models, the migration processes were identified and refined to a set of suggested process reference models for organisational OSS migrations. This set of process reference models are useful to determine the processes necessary for organisations considering migrating to OSS. The study is divided into four research questions, where the first focusses on use and value of process reference models and the second on what is already known about OSS migration processes. The third deals with key processes within an organisational open source migration (OOSM) and the last with process reference models for an OOSM. For the first research question, the use and value of process reference models and the usefulness of utilising process reference models is discussed as well as using process models as a modelling tool to identify and capture processes. For the second research question, a summary is provided of what we know about OSS migration processes and a description about what the researcher and others have learnt about OSS, OSS migrations, process reference models, the process and its structure. For the third research question, the key processes within an OOSM is discussed as well as all the processes that took place during the OSS migration project from basic administrative processes to complex processes, from the beginning of the project until its completion. Lastly, for the fourth research question, process reference models that are essential for an OOSM and possible generic migration process models bound to reoccur are identified by the researcher and validated using a focus group discussion. / M.Tech. (Information Technology)

In today's highly competitive global economy, information resources representing enterprise-wide information are essential to the survival of an organization. The development of and increase in the use of personal computers and data communication networks are supporting or, in many cases, replacing the traditional computer mainstay of corporations. The client/server model incorporates mainframe programming with desktop applications on personal computers. The aim of the research is to compile a technology model for the development of client/server software. A comprehensive overview of the individual components of the client/server system is given. The different methodologies, tools and techniques that can be used are reviewed, as well as client/server-specific design issues. The research is intended to create a road map in the form of a Technology Reference Model for Client/Server Software Development. / Computing / M. Sc. (Information Systems)