Submitted by Jakeline Ortega (jakortega@unoeste.br) on 2017-09-13T21:26:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Nattacia Rocha Duarte Ruani.pdf: 16197332 bytes, checksum: 8d0b8719de22eaaac6ff6c47d52bdc46 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-13T21:26:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Nattacia Rocha Duarte Ruani.pdf: 16197332 bytes, checksum: 8d0b8719de22eaaac6ff6c47d52bdc46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-16 / As a general objective, this work aimed to identify and analyze the organizational culture and climate of a public high school whose students achieved high performance in the National High School Examination (ENEM) in 2015. In this way, what motivated us to Developing this dissertation on the importance of culture, climate, and school management in achieving educational goals is our belief that schools run on the basis of leadership policies that can detect and act on organizational culture and climate, In the sense of making them explicit and manifest to all members of the organization, successfully achieve their educational goals. Thus, this work is justified by addressing the relevance and impact of the principles characteristic of the culture and organizational climate of the institution to be researched, especially in the results obtained in the teaching and learning process of the student. We have as central problem the following question: to what extent does the culture and the organizational climate of the school intervene in the results of the teaching process of the student? Of course, there are other variables that need to be explored to understand the phenomenon in its depth. We agree that climate and organizational culture are only part of many elements that contribute to the achievement of good student performance. However, we also argue that school management is a fundamental element and, for this reason, we dedicate ourselves to understanding it through the analysis of climate and culture, demonstrating its impact on organizations to achieve educational objectives. The methodology used for this dissertation is the research of a qualitative approach, of phenomenological character, type of case study, with the use of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and observations. For the development of this work, we have as reference studies developed by authors such as Edgar Schein (2009), Reinaldo Dias (2012), Stephen Robbins (2010), Lucia Helena Gonçalves Teixeira (2002), Heloísa Lück (2010), Antônio Nóvoa ). The work accomplished allowed to identify that the culture and the climate that permeates this school are classified as "strong and open culture", in which the analyzed members share the same objectives and elements that constitute the culture and share the influence between parents, teachers, Students and managers, for the development of school objectives, interacting with the external environment of the school with flexibility, adaptability, having communication in a transversal way, leveraging formal and non-formal interactions among school members punctuated by respect. / Como objetivo geral este trabalho propôs-se identificar e analisar a cultura e o clima organizacional de uma escola pública de ensino médio cujos alunos alcançaram alto rendimento no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) em 2015. Dessa maneira, o que motivou o desenvolver desta dissertação a respeito da importância da cultura, do clima e da gestão escolar no alcance dos objetivos educacionais, é o pressuposto de que as escolas administradas com base em políticas de liderança capazes de detectar a cultura e o clima organizacional e agir sobre eles, no sentido de torná-los explícitos e manifestos a todos os membros da organização, alcançam, de modo exitoso, seus objetivos educacionais. Assim, esse trabalho se justifica por abordar a relevância e o impacto dos princípios característicos da cultura e clima organizacional da instituição a ser pesquisada, de modo especial, nos resultados obtidos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem do aluno. Têm-se como problemática central a seguinte questão: em que medida a cultura e o clima organizacional da escola intervêm nos resultados do processo de ensino aprendizagem do aluno? Certamente, há outras variáveis que precisam ser exploradas para se compreender o fenômeno em sua profundidade. Concorda-se que o clima e a cultura organizacional compõem apenas uma parte de muitos elementos que concorrem para o alcance de bons resultados no desempenho dos alunos. Entretanto, também se defende que a gestão escolar é elemento fundamental e, por este motivo, dedica-se a compreendê-la a partir da análise do clima e da cultura, demonstrando seu impacto nas organizações para o alcance dos objetivos educacionais. A metodologia utilizada para esta dissertação é a pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, de cunho fenomenológico, tipo estudo de caso, com utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, questionários e observações. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, tem-se como referência estudos desenvolvidos por autores como Edgar Schein (2009), Reinaldo Dias (2012), Stephen Robbins (2010), Lucia Helena Gonçalves Teixeira (2002), Heloísa Lück (2010), Antônio Nóvoa (1995). O trabalho realizado permitiu identificar que a cultura e o clima que permeiam esta escola classificam-se como “cultura forte e aberta”, na qual os membros analisados partilham dos mesmos objetivos e elementos que constituem a cultura na sociedade e compartilham da influência entre pais, professores, alunos e gestores, para o desenvolvimento dos objetivos escolares, interagindo com o ambiente externo da escola com flexibilidade, adaptabilidade, tendo a comunicação de maneira transversal, alavancando as interações formais e não - formais entre os membros da escola sempre pontuadas pelo respeito.

1 Annotation: The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of performance in athletic disciplines in relation to educational concepts. The data set was obtained from long-term records of children's performance for a selected school and was further processed and evaluated. An interview with a teacher who manages documents also makes a significant contribution to the interpretation of the results of the work itself. The research sample in question consists of male probands attending the 2nd grade at Glowackého Primary School between 1987 - 2019. Key words: performance, athletics, didactics, history, educational concepts, elementary school, pupil

MPM / Oliver Tambo Institute of Governance and Policy Studies

Det övergripande syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vikten av förälders engagemang i skolan samt att utforska om samarbete mellan hem och skola har en positiv påverkan på barns skolprestation. Vi har ställt upp följande frågeställningar: 1) Vad innebär föräldraengagemang i skolan? 2) Vilka hinder och utmaningar kan vi hitta i föräldrars engagemang i sitt barns skolgång? 3) Vilken betydelse har föräldrars engagemang för elevens prestation i skolan? 4) Vilken betydelse har föräldrars och lärares interaktion för elevens prestation i skolan? Vi har använt en kvalitativ metod, där semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med ett antal lärare och föräldrar. Analys har gjorts med hjälp av fenomenografisk metod.  Resultatet av vår studie visar tydligt att de elever vars förälder aktivt deltar i och stödjer deras skolgång har lättare att tillgodogöra sig utbildningen. I stort sett alla informanter är överens om att interaktion mellan hem och skola gör ett barns inlärningsprocess både enklare och roligare. Det vill säga, om både förälder och skola interagerar och effektivt deltar i barnets skolgång ser vi som resultat inte bara en ökad inlärningseffekt utan även en god social utveckling hos eleven. Många skolor i Sverige har insett detta och arbetar numera aktivt för att involvera föräldern mer aktivt i sitt barns skolgång. / Pedagogy / Educational science

There is a noticeable difference in the debate regarding adolescents’ sleep patterns between the biological clock and society’s clock when we talk about adolescents. Sleep scientists or somnologists, are alarming as more evidence reach the surface that young people are not getting the recommended sleep that is required to perform academically well. Not only are there direct connections between sleep deficit and academic performance, but sleep deficit also takes a critical toll upon their physical and mental health. The problem is that adolescents’ circadian cycle is postponed with a few hours compared to children and adults. This results in a major sleep deficit when adolescents must adjust to societal rhythms and habits – a clock they are not programmed biologically to follow. Adolescents must attend to school in the early morning, when in reality their needs point to that school times in fact should start around 10:00. Society’s view has traditionally been that teenagers are lazy but in fact evidence does prove that it may not be the case. The following essay will therefore serve as an informative update to what has been stated by somnologists and raise awareness regarding adolescents and what happens when they are exposed to a chronic sleep deficit put on them by society.

Background: European studies on determinants and factors associated with problematic smartphone use (PSU) in children and adolescents are still sparse. This study reports the current amount of PSU symptoms and the presence of (clinically relevant) PSU in German children and adolescents. We also investigated associations between sociodemographic factors, different smartphone usage patterns, and daily smartphone usage time and the amount of PSU symptoms in this group. In addition, associations of PSU symptoms and high smartphone usage times (> 2 h/day) with behavioural problems, quality of life (QoL), and school performance were investigated. Methods: Within the framework of the LIFE Child study, 564 children and adolescents aged 10–18 years provided information on PSU symptoms (using the Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale), daily smartphone usage time, smartphone activities, behavioural strengths and difficulties (using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), QoL (using the KIDSCREEN-27), and school performance. Multiple regression analyses were applied to assess associations. Results: In the present sample, PSU was present in 13 children (2.3%). Older age, female gender, high daily smartphone usage time of > 2 h, and intensive smartphone use for social networking, gaming, or watching video clips were significantly associated with more PSU symptoms. Children and adolescents reporting more PSU symptoms also showed lower QoL, more behavioural difficulties, and poorer school performance, independently of age, gender, socio-economic status, and daily smartphone usage time. In contrast, daily smartphone usage time per se showed only weak or non-significant associations with these aspects of health and behaviour. Conclusion: Intensive smartphone use for entertainment may increase the risk of developing PSU symptoms. Furthermore, the results indicate that PSU symptoms (more than long smartphone usage times per se) are associated with more behavioural difficulties and poorer QoL

This thesis describes the background and findings of a study of effective schools and learners achievement in Botswana senior secondary schools from an education management perspective. The aim was to identify schools that promote learners’ achievement when the students’ initial intakes were considered. The study was guided by five research questions. The study adopted an ex post facto design and a quantitative value added methodology to answer the research questions. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 5662 from the population of 58 032 students who wrote the BGCSE examinations for 2005, 2006 and 2007. Two sets of data: prior and later achievements at individual student level were collected from BEC and Secondary Education. The statistical software, MLwiN 2.10 beta 4, which is based on hierarchical linear modelling or multilevel modelling, was used to analyse the data for the value added by schools. The findings indicated that a) schools differ in their effectiveness. Some schools were more effective than others; b) Ten characteristics of effective schools were identified from the literature review c) schools differed in their consistency across the three core curriculum areas of Setswana, English and Mathematics; d) schools differed in their stability from year to year and e) schools were differentially effective. They were effective for the mid ability students and boys more than the other groups. The study confirmed that the use of a single statistic measure even in value added analysis could be misleading because of the internal variations between departments in schools. Furthermore, the uses of raw results for measuring school effectiveness were misleading. Some schools which were at the top in raw results were not doing so well in terms of value added and vice versa. The value added measures of school performance proved to be the most appropriate measure of school’s contribution to students’ learning. The value added by schools is also a measure of schools’ productivity. The study made recommendations to improve practice, such as the use of appropriate and fairer methods to evaluate and compare schools. The areas that need further attention were suggested based on the findings of the study. / Teacher Education / D.Ed. (Education Management)

校長是學校行政與教學的領航者，肩負學校經營與辦學績效的重責大任，任重而道遠。 本研究藉理論的探討與實務的驗證，就領導卓越校長五大研究問題：(一)如何實踐其教育理念；(二)如何營造其校園氣氛；(三)如何發展其學校特色；(四)如何達成其辦學績效；（五）對校長辦學的建議。深入瞭解榮獲校長領導卓越獎的校長，其在教育理念的實踐、校園氣氛的營造、學校特色的發展，與辦學績效的達成等領導作為；並能給予現任、新任校長提出具體的建議與看法。 本研究採深度訪談法，以三名榮獲教育部校長領導卓越獎的國民中學校長為研究對象；輔以問卷調查，請各校的主任、教師、學生與家長等代表填答問卷。務期從中獲得領導卓越校長的辦學歷程，以及其在教育理念的實踐、校園氣氛的營造與學校特色的發展，所成就的卓越辦學績效。 本研究結論如下： 一、教育理念的實踐：領導卓越的校長，能堅持個人教育理念，創新領導的價值，促進學生的全人發展，永續經營學校，辦學績效卓著。 二、校園氣氛的營造：領導卓越的校長，能以身作則來激勵、關懷師生與家長，並約之以法、曉之以理、動之以情，積極營造溫馨友善的校園。 三、學校特色的發展：領導卓越的校長，能瞭解學校不同的生態與條件，以及文化資源、師資專業人力，用心發展創意環境與優良校風的優質學校。 四、辦學績效的達成：領導卓越的校長，能不斷激勵自己與同仁專業進修；能實踐教育承諾，用心經營、用情灌溉，讓學校持續變更好，並擴大影響力。 五、領導卓越的校長，總能堅持理想、創新價值，能因多樣而多元、轉劣勢成優勢、揚特色為優質，並能因精進而傑出、因身教而廣化、因發熱而發光。 本研究建議如下： 一、教育理念的實踐：校長辦學，要能以理念帶動行動；教育理念要具體、明確、可行，兼具理想性與務實性，以有效能的經營校務，獲致卓越的辦學績效。 二、校園氣氛的營造：校長要能型塑組織文化、和諧融洽關係、成就雙贏；要能當校園的啦啦隊，營造校園產出「有機」的氛圍，成為友善溫馨的校園。 三、學校特色的發展：校長要能以身作則，以激發創意與熱情；改善環境，創造價值；給予師生全面性的關照，使具特色並更傑出，實現教育理想。 四、辦學績效的達成：校長要能當個全職的校長；有願景、有熱情、有責任心、有使命感，有道德高度；帶動行政團隊，辦好學校，達成卓越的辦學績效。 本研究期能為現任、新任的校長，於實際學校經營時，提供「追隨者典範」；期使典範移轉、轉化，並擴大影響，成就更多領導卓越的校長。以期達成提昇辦學績效，讓服務的學校成為卓越的優質學校，讓眾多的莘莘學子獲益更多。 / A principal is the leader of the teaching and administrative system in a school. He bears the great responsibility of running a school and achieving school performances. This study, by means of theoretical inquiry and practical verification, investigates the following five topics: how an excellent principal practices his education concepts, how an excellent principal creates campus ambiance, how an excellent principal develops distinguishing school features, how an excellent principal achieves excellent school performances, and what suggestions an excellent principal offers on running a school. We try to find out excellent principals’ leading actions in the practice of education concepts, the creation of campus ambiance, the development of school features, and the achievement of school performances. We also offer concrete opinions and suggestions on running a school to incumbent and newly-appointed principals. The main research method in this study is “profound interview”, and the study objects are three junior high school principals who received the Excellent Principal Award from the Ministry of Education. Questionnaires filled in by the directors, teachers, students, and parents of these three junior high schools are also used to collect information about the three excellent principals. We try to understand these principals’ courses in running a school. We also try to find out how they practice their education concepts, how they create campus ambiance, how they develop distinguishing school features, and how they achieve excellent school performances. My study has conclusions as follows: 1. The practice of education concepts: An excellent principal insists on his education concepts. He creates new values for leadership. He promotes the whole-person development of students and the permanent running of the school. He achieves excellent school performances. 2. The creation of campus ambiance: An excellent principal is a role model. He encourages and cares for teachers, students, and students’ parents. He communicates with rules, reasons, and love. He enthusiastically creates a warm and friendly campus. 3. The development of distinguishing school features: An excellent principal knows well about the ecology, the conditions, the cultural resources, and the human resources of his school. He attentively develops a high quality school with a creative environment and excellent school spirit. 4. The achievement of school performances: An excellent principal never stops learning, and he also encourages his colleagues to keep learning. He keeps his education promises and runs his school attentively. He keeps his school changing and makes it become better and better. He has great influence over others. 5. An excellent principle always sticks to his ideals and creates new values. He is versatile because of diversity. He turns inferiority to superiority. The distinguishing features of his school makes his school a high quality school. His hard work makes his school eminent. His example teaching widely influences the school teachers and students. His enthusiasm enkindles other people’s enthusiasm. Here are some suggestions of my study: 1. The practice of education concepts: Running a school, a principal has to promote actions with education concepts. His education concepts should be concrete, precise, and feasible so that he can run a school effectively and achieve excellent school performances. 2. The creation of campus ambiance: A principal should be able to mold the school culture and create harmonious campus relationship. He should be a cheerleader and create organic campus ambiance. He should do his best to build a friendly and warm campus. 3. The development of distinguishing school features: A principal should be a role model to bring about the creativity and enthusiasm of his colleagues. He should improve the teaching environment and create values. He should care for teachers and students in all aspects. He should make his school eminent and distinctive, fulfilling his ideal education dreams. 4. The achievement of school performances: A principal should be a full-time principal. He should have vision, enthusiasm, a sense of responsibility, and high morality to lead the school administrative team to run the school well and to achieve excellent school performances. The purpose of this study is to offer “follower models” for incumbent principals and newly-appointed principals. We hope that the models will transfer, change, and broaden their influence and help create more excellent principals. In this case, these excellent principals will promote excellent school performances, make their schools become high quality schools and benefit more students.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo explorar a relação entre gastos com educação e desempenho escolar, a partir de informações de gastos no nível das escolas. O debate em torno da relação entre gastos e desempenho, em geral, tem se baseado em estimativas que utilizam dados agregados de gastos municipais com educação. Dessa forma, como pouco se sabe a respeito do que é feito, na prática, com os recursos destinados às escolas, as pesquisas se restringem ao apontamento da existência ou não de uma relação entre gastos agregados com educação e desempenho. Neste trabalho, indicamos a relevância da informação de gastos no nível da escola, segundo categorias de agregação dos gastos que apontem para determinadas funções ou atividades escolares, para que se possa avançar no sentido de compreender não somente se gastos com educação estão ou não associados ao desempenho, mas como diferentes tipos de gastos, associados a diferentes atividades escolares, estão relacionados de diferentes formas ao desempenho dos alunos. Assim, com base na revisão da literatura pertinente, elaboramos uma proposta de categorias de gastos com pessoal, para as escolas da rede municipal de São Bernardo do Campo, que esteja alinhada às atividades desenvolvidas pelas escolas, sendo as categorias de maior agregação as que dizem respeito ao que consideramos Gastos diretamente relacionados ao ensino e Gastos indiretamente relacionados ao ensino. A partir das categorias delimitadas, baseadas nas informações de gastos por escola, exploramos a relação entre gasto por aluno e desempenho em matemática na prova Brasil de 2013, por meio de análise de regressão. As estimativas revelaram que a relação entre gastos e desempenho não é homogênea entre as diferentes categorias de gasto e que a especificação dos modelos melhora na medida em que os gastos são desagregados. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destacamos aquele que indica uma relação positiva e significante entre os gastos com Coordenação pedagógica e o desempenho em matemática. / This dissertation aims to explore the relationship between the money spent on education and school performance, based on the information about spending at the school-level. The debate on the relationship between expense and performance has been mostly based on estimates using the aggregated data of municipal spending on education. Thus, as little is known about what is actually done with the resources allocated to schools, researches on this subject are restricted to indicating the existence or the lack of a relationship between aggregate spending and performance. In this study, we show the relevance of the information on spending at the school level, according to categories of aggregate spending that point to certain functions or school activities. With this, we intend not only to understand if education expenses are or are not associated with performance, but also to observe how different types of costs associated with different school activities are related in different ways to the performance of students. Thus, based on literature review, we have proposed categories of personnel expenses for the municipal schools of São Bernardo do Campo, which are aligned to the activities developed by the schools. Categories of higher aggregation involve what we consider to be Expenses directly related to teaching and Expenses indirectly related to education. From the specific categories, which are based on information on spending per school, we explore the relationship between spending per student and their performance in the Mathematics exam in Prova Brasil 2013, using a regression analysis. The estimates have shown that the relationship between spending and performance is not homogeneous among the different categories of expenditure, and that specification of models improves as costs are disaggregated. Among the obtained results, we highlight the indication of a positive and significant relation between spending on Pedagogical coordination and performance on the mathematics exam.

O atual desenvolvimento tecnológico e o cenário nada favorável da qualidade de educação no Brasil fazem com que a educação escolar tenha que ser repensada. Na busca por novos desafios, a rede pública do Estado de São Paulo propõe a ampliação da jornada escolar como uma estratégia para uma formação mais completa do aluno, uma formação de qualidade. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar os efeitos da ampliação da jornada escolar sobre o rendimento dos alunos da 8ª série da rede pública estadual paulista. A idéia é avaliar o programa Escola de Tempo Integral, focando o seu impacto sobre a proficiência média das escolas, nas avaliações de português e matemática, e sobre as taxas de aprovação escolar. Para tanto, são aplicados métodos de pareamento (propensity score matching) e análises em painel dos dados do SARESP dos anos de 2007 e 2008, além de uma abordagem, a partir do método de diferenças em diferenças, dos dados do Censo Escolar do Estado de São Paulo, dos anos de 2005, 2007 e 2009. Os resultados mostraram que, para ambos os dados analisados, os alunos das escolas de tempo integral não apresentaram grandes diferenças de resultado, em termos de proficiência e aprovação escolar, relativamente aqueles que freqüentaram as escolas tradicionais. As estimativas obtidas a partir das técnicas de pareamento, aplicadas aos dados do Saresp, mostraram que o programa não teve efeito sobre o desempenho dos alunos em matemática. Na avaliação de língua portuguesa, os resultados foram positivos, mas de pequena magnitude. Com relação aos dados do Censo Escolar, não foram observados efeitos sobre as taxas de aprovação das escolas estaduais paulistas. Uma possível explicação para a ocorrência de resultados discretos do programa estaria no curto período de análise, ou seja, são efeitos de curto prazo. Outra explicação plausível seria o fato de que pouco tempo é despendido em atividades que possam afetar diretamente a proficiência dos alunos. Outros problemas, como a falta de coordenação dentro das escolas, a falta de material de trabalho para as atividades diversificadas das oficinas e, principalmente, a falta de motivação dos alunos também podem estar limitando os ganhos do programa. Ainda que não se tenha observado ganhos expressivos em termos de desempenho escolar, acredita-se que o programa Escola de Tempo Integral tenha outros efeitos importantes, não mensurados nesse estudo, como a inserção futura no mercado de trabalho, a redução do trabalho infantil e ganhos em termos de proteção social. / The current technological advances and the low quality in the Brazilian education scenario highlight the need of rethinking education in Brazil. In the pursuit of new challenges, the São Paulo State public school system proposed the lengthening of the school day as a strategy for a better and more complete student training. The goal of this study is to analyze the impact of the lengthening of the school day on educational performance of public schools\' 8th graders in the São Paulo State. The idea is to evaluate the Full-Time School (Escola de Tempo Integral) program, focusing on schools\' average proficiency on language and math scores, and on grade advancement rates. Thus, using the 2007-2008 SARESP test, we perform propensity score matching techniques and panel data analyses to evaluate proficiency, and using the 2005, 2007, and 2009 São Paulo State School Census (Censo Escolar) data, we apply the difference-indifferences methodology to evaluate the effect of the program on grade advancement rates. Results showed that full-time schools\' students do not outperform traditional schools\' students both on proficiency and grade advancement rate. Estimates for the SARESP matched sample did not show improvements on math performance, but for language there was a small significant effect. When it comes to the School Census data, we found no effect on grade advancement rates. A possible explanation for the small results is that we are evaluating these effects in the short run only. Another plausible explanation relies on the fact that little time is spent on activities which could directly affect students\' performance. Limitations to the gains of the program might be arising from the lack of coordination within the schools, the scarcity of working materials for the diversified activities at the courses carried out during the afternoon, and specially the students\' discouragement. Even with few expressive results in terms of schooling performance, the Fulltime school program may have other important outcomes not measured on this study such as a better future insertion into the labor market, child labor reduction, and gains in terms of social protection.