The hospital is room for reestablishment of health and therefore its environments should be comfortable and fit to this function, including thermal comfort. In this context, this paper presents a review of the conditions for thermal comfort and thermal performance in the inpatients bedrooms of the University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) city using measurements, site survey and computer simulation (DesignBuilder software). To analyze the thermal comfort, human and environmental variables were raised during the summer and winter of 2012, in four hospital bedrooms with east and west exposure, following the recommendations of ASHRAE 55 (2010). From the collected data, we calculated the PMV and PPD through Analysis 1.5 software. Analysis of degree-hours of discomfort with the data obtained from computational simulation was also performed. To evaluate the thermal performance tests were carried out by observing the damping and thermal flows, still analysis was performed closures and opaque areas of the ventilation parameters considering the simplified method proposed by NBR 15,575 (2013 ) The data found in measurements show that there is large temperature range in Santa Maria. As for thermal comfort, the results showed that the analyzed environments are comfortable for the winter period and uncomfortable for the summer period, showing that the air velocity improves comfort levels for internal temperatures up to 28° C. Another aspect found is that the thermal damping obtained demonstrates that the building has great thermal inertia, contributing to thermal comfort, especially in winter. As for thermal performance, the results of the simplified method demonstrate that the building meets the minimum performance criteria of ISO 15.575 (2013). In the simulation to analyze environments performance, through heat fluxes, the results showed that the greatest gains are achieved through occupation and the solar gains, while the largest losses occur by air infiltration. These data confirm the results obtained from analysis of thermal comfort. It is noted that solar gains are positive for the winter period and the infiltration is negative. However a minimal infiltration must be preserved to hygienic ventilation for the rooms. During summer time, the use of shading devices is crucial to reduce solar gain. It was also found that the solar orientation influences the thermal performance and comfort. Finally, in the case of HUSM, the window frames should be retrofitted to ensure hygienic ventilation in winter and for summer days, it is necessary to use artificial cooling, the need for which can be reduced by the implementation of a ventilation system with control of temperature and improvement in sun protection systems. / O hospital é espaço para reestabelecimento da saúde e, portanto, seus ambientes devem ser confortáveis e adequar-se, inclusive termicamente, a esta função. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação das condições de conforto térmico e do desempenho térmico da área de internação do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, utilizando-se medições, levantamento no local e simulação computacional (programa DesignBuilder). Para a análise do conforto térmico foram levantadas as variáveis humanas e ambientais, no período de verão e inverno de 2012, em quatro quartos de internação com orientação leste e oeste, seguindo as recomendações da ASHRAE 55 (2010). A partir dos dados levantados calculou-se o PMV e o PPD, através do programa Analysis 1.5. Também realizou-se análise do número de graus-hora de desconforto com os dados obtidos da simulação computacional. Para avaliação do desempenho térmico as análises foram desenvolvidas observando o amortecimento e os fluxos térmicos, ainda realizou-se análise dos fechamentos opacos e áreas de ventilação considerando os parâmetros do método simplificado proposto pela NBR 15.575 (2013). Os dados encontrados nas medições mostraram que há grande amplitude térmica no município de Santa Maria. Quanto ao conforto térmico, os resultados demonstraram que os ambientes analisados são confortáveis para o período de inverno e desconfortáveis para o período de verão, mostrando que a velocidade do ar melhora os índices de conforto para temperaturas internas até 28 °C. Outro aspecto verificado foi que o amortecimento térmico obtido demonstrou que a edificação possui grande inércia térmica, colaborando para o conforto térmico, principalmente, no inverno. Quanto ao desempenho térmico, os resultados do método simplificado demonstraram que a edificação atende os critérios mínimos de desempenho térmico da NBR 15.575 (2013). Na simulação para avaliar desempenho dos ambientes, através dos fluxos térmicos, os resultados demonstraram que os maiores ganhos acontecem através da ocupação e pelos ganhos solares, enquanto que as maiores perdas ocorrem por infiltração. Estes dados corroboram os resultados obtidos na análise do conforto térmico. Salienta-se que os ganhos solares são positivos para o período de inverno e a infiltração negativa, entretanto deve-se garantir uma ventilação higiênica para os ambientes. No verão, o uso de proteções solares é fundamental para reduzir os ganhos solares. Enfim, no caso do HUSM, as esquadrias devem ser readequadas para garantir ventilação higiênica no inverno e, para o verão, é necessário utilizar-se climatização artificial em alguns horários do dia, cuja necessidade pode ser reduzida pela implantação de um sistema de ventilação com controle de temperatura e melhoria nos sistemas de proteção solar.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine thermal (body temperature, thermal sensation and comfort ratings), circulatory (blood pressure, heart rate variability) and neuromuscular performance responses to whole-body cryotherapy (WBC, -110 °C). Altogether 66 healthy subjects were exposed to WBC for two minutes. The acute and long-term changes were examined, when the subjects were exposed to WBC three times a week during three months. Skin temperatures decreased very rapidly during WBC, but remained such a high level that there was no risk for frostbites. The effects on rectal temperature were minimal. Repeated exposures to WBC were mostly well tolerated and comfortable and the subjects became habituated at an early stage of trials. WBC increased both systolic (24 mmHg) and diastolic (5 mmHg) blood pressures temporarily. Adaptation of blood pressure was not found during three months. The acute cooling-related increase in high-frequency power of RR-intervals indicated an increase in cardiac parasympathetic modulation, but after repeated WBC the increase was attenuated. The repeated WBC exposure-related increase in resting low frequency power of RR-intervals resembles the response observed related to exercise training. There are signs of neuromuscular adaptation, especially in dynamic performance. A single WBC decreased flight time in drop-jump exercise, but after repeated WBC these changes were almost vanished. This adaptation was confirmed by the change of the activity of the agonist muscle, which increased more and the change of the activity of antagonist muscle, which increased less/did not change after repeated WBC indicating reduced co-contraction and thus, neuromuscular adaptation.

The human body has a unique mechanism for perceiving surrounding temperatures. When an object is in contact with the skin, we do not feel its temperature. Instead, we feel the temperature change that is caused on our skin by that object. The faster the heat is transferred, the more intense the thermal sensation is. In this dissertation, a new dynamic thermal display method, where different rates of warm and cold are applied on the skin to generate a unique sensation, is presented. The new method can be related in a wide range of applications including thermal haptics and virtual reality. To understand the perception of temperature and the general thermal state of the human body, the first aspect of this dissertation focuses on investigating the interaction between temperature change and perception on a large scale. Three field surveys were conducted inside airconditioned buildings to investigate the change in the thermal state and temperature perception of occupants when the room temperature changes. The results showed that the participants’ prediction of constant operating temperature was poor, however, their prediction was significantly improved when temperature changes were presented. In order to more accurately investigate the perception of temperature on the skin, a new thermal display method using multiple-channel thermal actuators was developed. The principle of this method is to apply slow and fast rates of temperature change simultaneously on the skin. The slowly changing temperatures are below the perceptual threshold of the thermal receptors, therefore will not be detected whereas the quickly changing temperatures are above the perceptual threshold, hence, will be detected. The idea here is to keep the average surface temperature of the skin constant, however a person will perceive a sensation of continuous cooling. This method was tested through a series of experiments, and the results showed that it is capable of generating a continuous cooling sensation without changing the average temperature of the stimulation area. Multiple variations of this method were tested including different heating and cooling rates of change, different skin locations and patterns of stimuli. Also, a continuous warming was generated using similar concept. To further investigate the temperature distribution that is caused by this method and its effect on the skin, a computational simulation was conducted. An approximate model of the skin was used to monitor its surface temperature and record the temperatures in the stimulation area when the continuous cooling method is applied. The results of the simulation showed that the temperature under the surface of the stimulation area was affected by the continuous cooling method that was applied on the skin model, however this method did not affect the average surface temperature of the skin. These findings may later determine the efficiency and intensity of the method of continuous cooling, and allow us to investigate different technically challenging variations of this method.

Thermal sensation is one of the most dynamic stimulus-response systems in the human body. It is relied upon for safety, comfort and general equilibrium of the human body. Thermal sensation is dependent upon many variables such as area of effected skin, rate of temperature change and location of stimulation. It has been shown that certain rates of change can intensify the sensation of heating or cooling. Conversely, sufficiently low rates of change can go undetected by the skin. As such, the thermal response system can be manipulated by the proper combination of applied hot and cold stimuli. Previous research has shown that through precise application of an asymmetrically heated and cooled thermal display, a sensation of constant cooling can be perceived. This thesis seeks to (1) explore the heat flux characteristics of the thermal display through the use of computer simulations, (2) test a hypothesis about the relationship between thermal sensation and heat flux and (3) examine modifications of the thermal display patterns with the intention of producing more intense thermal sensations. To characterize the heat flux patterns produced by the thermal display, finite element simulations, performed using commercially available software ANSYS©. Simulations are conducted on individual heating and cooling rates to examine the expected values of heat flux as temperatures approach and diverge from skin temperature. Evaluated in the cylindrical coordinate system (axial, angular and radial), the simulations showed a slight nonlinear heat flux generation at the beginning of heating and cooling, but after the initial transient period, this gave way to a strong linear generation of increasing or decreasing heat flux. Simulations were performed that represent the physical experiments implemented in pre- vious research. These simulations were done in two parts: the first examines a small subregion with finer detail on the area between heating and cooling stimuli, the second is a larger scale examination of the heat flux profile of the thermal display. Initially it was observed that directly under the thermal stimulus, in the radial direction, the heat flux was almost perfectly in-phase with the oscillation of temperature whereas between the stimuli, it was nearly 180 degrees out of phase. The heat flux in the axial and angular directions under the thermal stimulus were negligible. Additionally, between stimuli, the values were nearly 180 degrees out of phase with temperature. Additionally, it was observed that the heat flux profiles for all patterns used in the thermal display were approximately identical. From the data gathered by the simulations in conjunction with the thermal sensation data from previous research, a linear relationship is hypothesized that relates these two quantities. This relationship was then used to determine the theoretical thermal sensations of newly developed thermal display patterns in order to determine which are best suited for future physical experimentation.

Le changement climatique et le phénomène d'Ilot de Chaleur Urbain - ICU sont quelques effets de l'action humaine sur le milieu. Les conséquences de ce phénomène sont perçus non seulement en termes d'économie - consommation énergétique, mais aussi directement sur le confort des habitants. Dans le contexte des villes tropicales, où les citoyens sont exposés à une forte chaleur, le confort thermique devrait être considéré comme une priorité dans l'élaboration des politiques d'aménagement et conception des espaces extérieurs. Nous avons étudié ce phénomène à travers un cas concret, la ville de Barranquilla, qui répond non seulement à la condition tropicale, mais qui exprime la réalité et les conflits de l'Amérique Latine et de la Colombie. A travers notre étude, nous avons confirmé la relation entre le microclimat et la forme urbaine ; nous avons aussi caractérisé cette relation et fait une contribution à l'enrichissement de l'état de l'art. Mais nous avons également mis en évidence le lien qui peut exister entre les conditions de confort dans les espaces extérieurs et les conditions socio-économiques de la population dans les villes, qui comme Barranquilla, sont marquées par la ségrégation sociale et la fragmentation spatiale. Enfin, nous avons conclu que la meilleure façon d'intégrer des aspects climatiques à la conception urbaine, c'est d'inclure ces connaissances sous forme de principes dans la formation du concepteur urbain. Dans cette optique, nous proposons d'orienter la réflexion vers la création d'une pédagogie plus active basée sur la sensibilité des acteurs et sur le travail collectif et collaboratif. / Climate change and Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomena are some of the effects of human activity. The consequences of UHI are perceived not only in terms of economic (energy) costs, but also in terms of thermal comfort for inhabitants. In the context of tropical cities, where citizens are exposed to extreme heat, thermal comfort should be considered a policy priority in the design of public space.We have studied the phenomenon of thermal comfort through the case of Barranquilla, a city which not only meets the tropical conditions but also shows us the peculiar conflict and reality of Latin America and Colombia. In our study, we confirmed the relationship between microclimate and urban form; we also characterized this relationship and contributed to enrich the state of the art. In this study we put into evidence the connection between thermal comfort conditions in outdoor public spaces and socio-economic conditions of people in cities marked by social segregation and spatial fragmentation, such as Barranquilla.Finally, this study concludes that the best way to incorporate thermal comfort into urban design and planning is not through design strategies but through the assimilation of principles. Thus, we propose a new pedagogy based on sensitivity to the thermal environment and on collective efforts to enrich the practice of urban design and to develop a symbiosis with climate considerations that seems to have faded at some point in the history of urban development.

Orientadores: Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, Daniella Jorge de Moura / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T00:21:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_SilviaReginaLucasde_D.pdf: 2823600 bytes, checksum: 559235ef57bb2a95048ac80bb33c0165 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A tendência atual é que o segmento de produção de leite se torne uma atividade mais precisa e economicamente viável. Sabe-se que as diferenças do microclima promovem mudanças no comportamento animal, entretanto, as medidas convencionais, da forma como foram feitas hoje, são evasivas, podendo levar a eventuais erros na interpretação dos resultados. O presente experimento foi realizado em uma fazenda comercial em São Pedro- SP, onde vacas leiteiras são monitoradas através de seis microcâmeras coloridas com 420 linhas de resolução e lente de 120 graus para avaliar seu comportamento. Foram realizadas observações visuais indiretas paralelas às análises do software e também observações visuais indiretas instantâneas para analisar o comportamento. O galpão foi dividido em 18 quadrantes para o mapeamento das distribuições climáticas e os dados foram processados no programa computacional Surfer® 6.0 para analisar a sua homogeneidade. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de avaliação comportamental de vacas leiteiras confinadas, em função do microclima de alojamento em galpão de freestall, utilizando análise de imagens. Os resultados obtidos da análise multivariada com os dados das observações visuais instantâneas, apontaram no gráfico de Componentes Principais, os comportamentos considerados importantes, por se obterem respostas visualmente expressivas quando afetadas pelo ambiente de alojamento, tais como; bebendo água, comendo e deitadas na cama. As distribuições climáticas dentro do galpão não foram homogêneas, quando os equipamentos de climatização não estavam ligados. Fez-se correlação com as preferências térmicas apresentados pelos animais através dos gráficos de Componentes Principais e Índice de Temperatura e Umidade (ITU) das visualizações indiretas instantâneas, espaçadas e através da visão computacional. Concluiu-se que a metodologia de visão computacional desenvolvida para avaliação comportamental, apresentou algumas limitações, onde necessitam-se de ajustes nos algoritmos / Abstract: The current tendency of the milk production sector is to become more precise and economically feasible. It is known that differences in microclimate cause changes in animal behavior; however, conventional measures taken nowadays are evasive and can produce misinterpretation of the results. The current experiment was carried out in a commercial farm in São Pedro- SP, where milking cows were monitored using a total of six color micro-cameras with spatial resolution of 420 horizontal lines and 120 degrees lenses for behavior analysis. Indirect visual observations were performed parallel to the software analysis, as well as instantaneous indirect visual observations. The barn was divided into 18 quadrants in order to perform the climatic distribution mapping. The data gathered were processed using the software Surfer ® 6.0 to check for homogeneity. The primarily objective of this work was the development a milking cow?s behavior evaluation methodology as a function of freestall housing micro-climate, using image analysis. The results obtained through the multivariate analysis of the data from instantaneous observations pointed through the graphic of main components, the behaviors considered important for obtaining visually expressive responses when affected by the housing environment, such as: drinking water, feeding and laying down. The climatic distributions within the barn were not homogeneous when the cooling systems were not on. Correlations with the preset thermal values presented by the animals through the main component charts and THI from indirect visual instantaneous observations were performed and was concluded that the methodology for computational vision has been developed with few limitations and pending adjustments on its algorithms / Doutorado / Construções Rurais e Ambiencia / Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

Orientador: Lucila Chebel Labaki / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T17:16:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rancura_RaquelLeticia_M.pdf: 15771429 bytes, checksum: c88f737c60001f5fae7aa4afcaf3cfe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Nos últimos anos, o conforto térmico em espaços externos têm sido amplamente pesquisado no Brasil e no exterior. Praças, parques, bosques, ambientes de passagem, ruas, bairros, muitas são as possibilidades. Contudo, as situações encontradas nestes ambientes, quando comparadas com ambientes internos, são bem mais complexas, uma vez que envolvem uma maior variação de fatores ambientais. Há poucos estudos envolvendo trabalhadores em ambientes externos, sendo a maior parte voltados a atividades de lazer. A avaliação de conforto térmico em espaços externos necessita que se leve em consideração a radiação solar, não considerada nos ambientes internos. O fator psicológico relacionado às expectativas geradas pelo ambiente ao ar livre também tem sido amplamente estudado. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as condições de conforto térmico e sua diferente percepção entre trabalhadores e usuários nas feiras livres que acontecem na cidade de Indaiatuba/SP, nos finais de semana. A metodologia constou da medição de parâmetros ambientais e aplicação de questionários junto aos trabalhadores e usuários, para identificar a atividade desenvolvida, a vestimenta, a sensação e satisfação térmica. Os índices aplicados foram o ASV (Action Sensation Vote) e o PET (Phisiological Equivalent Temperature). O ASV é um índice empírico que indica a sensação real de conforto, obtido através de questionário e o PET é um índice amplamente utilizado para espaços externos. Os resultados permitiram correlacionar o ASV ao PET, observando-se divergência entre o conforto calculado e o real. Também a Temperatura Neutra ao Exterior (TNE), foi calculada e analisada. Determinou-se para a mesma um intervalo de conforto, em função da temperatura do ar externo. A análise estatística demonstrou que há diferença significativa na sensação de conforto de usuários e trabalhadores, bem como permitiu um melhor entendimento da TNE / Abstract: In the last years, the thermal comfort in outdoor spaces has been widely researched in Brazil and abroad. Squares, parks, outdoor leisure areas, passageways, streets, neighborhoods, the possibilities are many, however, a comparative study between indoor and outdoor environments is much more complex, due to a greater variation of environmental factors.There are few studies involving workers in outdoor environments, most of them focused on leisure activities. The evaluation of thermal comfort in outdoor spaces requires that solar radiation be taken into account, unlike the study of indoor environments.The psychological factor related to the expectation generated by outdoor environments has also been widely studied. The aim of this research is to analyze the thermal comfort conditions in the open markets in Indaiatuba / SP, on weekends. The methodology consisted of the measurement of environmental parameters and questionnaires applied to the workers and users, in order to identify the activity performed, clothing, thermal sensation and well being. The indexes used were the ASV (Action Sensation Vote) and PET (Physiological Equivalent Temperature). The ASV is an empirical index that indicates a real sense of comfort, and is obtained through a questionnaire. PET is an index widely used for outdoor spaces. The results made it possible to correlate ASV with PET, once the discrepancy between calculated and real comfort were observed. Abroad Neutral Temperature (TNE) was also calculated and analyzed. A range of a comfort zone was determined by taking into account the outside air temperature. Statistical analysis showed that there is significant difference in user's perception of comfort as opposed to workers'. This study allowed for a better understanding of TNE / Mestrado / Arquitetura e Construção / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Orientador: Lucila Chebel Labaki / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T15:29:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Morelli_DeniseDamasdeOliveira_M.pdf: 6575370 bytes, checksum: 1f59559ab2e6012fbec25ff57fbc1c65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A vegetação como estratégia bioclimática é bastante conhecido de profissionais, tanto do meio acadêmico quanto da construção. Há poucos estudos sobre a eficácia das paredes verdes na criação de ambientes confortáveis. Como elemento de fachada, a vegetação pode minimizar o ganho de calor, proporcionando uma melhor condição no conforto térmico das edificações. A adoção desse elemento de fachada deve estar presente desde o início do programa para a elaboração do projeto arquitetônico. No presente trabalho foi realizado um levantamento e análise do comportamento da vegetação e sua contribuição para atenuar o ganho de calor no interior da edificação, com os seguintes indicadores: conforto térmico, orientação da fachada, estética, manutenção e conservação da edificação e vegetação. A pesquisa foi realizada em dois segmentos. O primeiro, um estudo de caso na cidade de Campinas com avaliação do desempenho térmico de dois edifícios de construção idêntica, diferenciando-se apenas pela presença de trepadeira na fachada. Avaliou-se o comportamento da trepadeira Parthenocissus Tricuspidata (hera japonesa), e seus efeitos na temperatura do ar, umidade relativa, velocidade do vento, temperatura superficial da parede interna e externa. A análise das temperaturas do ambiente externo e interno foi comparada com as respostas sobre a sensação de conforto térmico obtidas de entrevistas aplicadas aos moradores das edificações, permitindo determinar as condições limite do conforto térmico. No segundo momento, realizou-se um estudo experimental em três células-teste, comparando-se o desempenho térmico de uma parede sem trepadeira, uma segunda com trepadeira na fachada e a última com trepadeira sobre treliça afastada 20 cm da parede. Os resultados permitem concluir que o uso da vegetação trepadeira nas fachadas atenua o ganho de calor nas edificações no período mais quente. Esse estudo demonstrou também que, no uso do sistema de parede verde, no que se refere ao desempenho térmico, fachadas com trepadeira e com trepadeira sobre treliça são igualmente indicadas. / Abstract: The use of vegetation as bioclimatic strategy is well-known by researchers and professionals from the construction sector. There are few studies, however, about the effectiveness of the green walls in creating comfortable environments. As façade element, the vegetation can minimize heat gain, providing a better thermal comfort condition in the buildings. The adoption of this façade element should be present from the beginning of the program for elaboration of architectural project. In this work it was accomplished a survey and analysis of the green wall behavior and its contribution to attenuate the heat gain inside the construction having in mind the following indicators: thermal comfort, orientation of the façade, aesthetics, maintenance and preservation of the construction and vegetation. The research was accomplished in two segments. First, a study case in the city of Campinas, through evaluation of the thermal performance of two buildings with identical construction, the only difference between them being the presence of creeper in the façade. The behavior of the creeper Parthenocissus Tricuspidata (Japanese -ivy), was evaluated and its effects on air temperature, relative humidity and air speed, as well as superficial temperature of the internal and external wall. The analysis of the external and internal environment temperatures was compared with the answers about thermal comfort and sensation obtained through interviews applied to the inhabitants of the constructions, allowing determining the limits of thermal comfort conditions. In the second moment it was accomplished an experimental study in three cells-tests, by comparing the performance of a wall without creeper, a wall with creeper in the façade, and in the last case a wall with creeper on latticework 20 cm distant from the wall. The results allow the conclusion that the use of the vegetation creeper in façades attenuates the heat gain in buildings in hotter periods. The study also demonstrated that, as referring to thermal performance, the creeper directly in the façade as well as on the 20 cm distant latticework is equally indicated. / Mestrado / Arquitetura e Construção / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

No presente trabalho, considerou o estudo do potencial de utilização de sacos de cimento e embalagens de longa vida com o intuito de agregar valor a esses resíduos, mediante a fabricação de painéis de partículas para uso como forro em protótipos de galpões avícolas. Para fabricação desse material foi utilizado sacos de cimento descartados nas obras civis, embalagens longa vida residuais e resina poliuretana bicomponente à base de óleo de mamona. O estudo foi dividido em quatro etapas: 1) Caracterização da matéria-prima (sacos de cimento); 2) Efeito da densidade e teor de resina nas propriedades físicas, mecânicas e térmicas de painéis de partículas de saco de cimento; 3) Avaliação do desempenho de embalagens longa vida e verniz como revestimentos dos painéis selecionados na etapa anterior; 4) Determinação do desempenho térmico de protótipos de aviários executados em escala reduzida e distorcida com forro de painel de saco de cimento e embalagem longa vida. Os resultados obtidos indicaram: Em razão do painel com 0,6 g.cm-3 e 12% de resina ter apresentado melhor desempenho nas propriedades investigadas, essa combinação foi selecionada para avaliar o desempenho do material (físicas, mecânicas e térmicas) quando revestido com embalagens longa vida, adotando a testemunha e o verniz como um revestimento comparativo. Dentre os revestimentos avaliados, os painéis com embalagens de longa vida, foram superiores aos revestidos com verniz, quando comparados as suas propriedades físicas, mecânicas e térmicas. Dessa maneira, painéis com 0,6 g.cm-3 e 12% de resina revestidos embalagens longa vida, foram testados como forro quanto ao desempenho térmico (primavera, verão, outono e inverno) em protótipos em escala reduzida e distorcida, mediante a determinação de índices de conforto térmico (Entalpia e IAPfc) para aves de corte. A associação do forro sob o protótipo permitiu reduzir a temperatura interna do ar e dos índices de conforto térmico na primavera, verão e outono, enquanto que no inverno não foi constatado eficácia do material. Dentre as estações estudadas, o verão e a primavera, demonstraram serem as épocas mais críticas para criação de aves corte em instalações avícolas que apresentem características semelhantes aos protótipos experimentais. / In this study, the study of the potential use of cement bags and long-life packaging is considered in order to add value to this waste, by manufacturing particleboards as insulating panels in poultry house facilities. For the production of this material cement bags discarded in civil works, long-life packaging discarded by consumers and two-component polyurethane resin based on castor oil base were used. The study was structured in four steps: 1) Characterization of the raw material (cement bags), 2) Effect of the density and the level of resin on the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of cement particles bag panels, 3) Evaluation of long-life packaging and varnish as a coating of selected panels in precedent step and 4) Evaluation of thermal performance of poultry prototypes in reduced and distorted scale with the long-life packaging as a coating material. The cement bags were disintegrated and transformed into particles with the 8% of moisture content. Subsequently, these particles were mixed with bicomponent polyurethane based on castor oil resin and taken into a planetary mixer (MT120) in order to homogenize the mixture of the particles with the resin. Panels were made for three different densities (0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 g.cm-3) with two resin levels (12 and 15%) and their physical, mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. Because the panel with 0.6 g.cm-3 and 12% resin have shown a better performance in the investigated properties, this combination has been selected to evaluate the performance of the material (physical, mechanical and thermal) when coated with long-life packaging, adopting the control and the varnish as a comparative coating. Among the evaluated coatings, panels with long-life packaging, presented higher performance than those coated with varnish regarding their physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Thus, the combination of 0.6 g.cm-3 and 12% resin coated long-life packages were tested as lining according the thermal performance (spring, summer, autumn and winter) in prototypes and small-distorted scale by determining thermal comfort indices (Enthalpy and IAPfc) for broilers. The association of lining under the prototype reduced indoor air temperature and thermal comfort indices in spring, summer and autumn, while during the winter no effectiveness of the material was observed. Among the studied seasons, the spring and summer, proved to be the most critical time for cut birds breeding in poultry houses that have characteristics similar to experimental prototypes.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2018-08-09T18:51:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Angelica Felicidade Guiao Marcato Costa.pdf: 6983771 bytes, checksum: e089e3b3d7f78909e4f38042918f6ae1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T18:51:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angelica Felicidade Guiao Marcato Costa.pdf: 6983771 bytes, checksum: e089e3b3d7f78909e4f38042918f6ae1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-28 / This research aimed to compare the thermal performance provided in experimental modules, one of these was performed with conventional cover, made of asbestos cement tiles, and another with green cover. As an experimental research proposal of methodology, we sought alternatives of a sustainable nature to elaborate the studied modules, opting for the use of dry construction in Light Steel Frame. From the construction of the modules, in a wide place and without the interference of shading, measuring instruments were installed in the inner part of themselves, where the of air temperature and relative humidity were collected. From the data, representative episodes were determined for the studies, which were evaluated for the degree of thermal comfort provided to the modules by the cover systems under study. As a result, it was observed that the module with green roof had better performance than the module with conventional cover, in all the selected episodes, maintaining with lower internal temperature fluctuation throughout the days, indicating that the green roof has characteristic Thermal insulation, reducing the heat flow from the roof. / Esta pesquisa visou comparar o desempenho térmico proporcionado em módulos experimentais, sendo um executado com cobertura convencional, constituída por telhas de fibrocimento, e outro dotado de cobertura verde. Como pesquisa experimental, buscou-se alternativas de cunho sustentável para elaboração dos módulos estudados, optando-se pelo uso de construção seca, em Light Steel Frame. A partir da construção dos módulos, em local amplo e sem a interferência de sombreamento, foram instalados instrumentos de medição na parte interna destes, onde foram coletados dados de temperatura do ar e umidade relativa do ar. A partir dos dados, foram determinados episódios representativos para os estudos, que foram avaliados quanto ao grau de conforto térmico proporcionado aos módulos pelos sistemas de cobertura em estudo. Como resultado, constatou-se que o módulo com telhado verde, teve melhor desempenho que o módulo com cobertura convencional, em todos os episódios selecionados, mantendo-se com menor flutuação de temperatura interna ao longo dos dias, indicando que o telhado verde possui característica de isolante térmico, reduzindo o fluxo de calor proveniente da cobertura.