This study aims at eliciting opinions and beliefs of isiXhosa-speaking students to revealtheir attitudes toward various languages of learning and teaching (LOLT) issues at RhodesUniversity, and to determine the influence of a number of variables (such as age, gender,schooling background, level of study and field of study) on these attitudes. Another aim of the study is to compare the findings of this research to the recent findings on isiXhosaspeaking students’ language attitudes at the University of the Western Cape (Dyers 1999) and the University of Fort Hare (Dalvit 2004). Qualitative and quantitative methods were used: data was gathered using a survey that employed a questionnaire and interviews (individual and focus group). The questionnaire data is analysed through using percentage scores as well as mean values coupled with Chi-square tests, while the interviews are analysed qualitatively to further confirm the results of the quantitative analysis. Results are also compared with other recent surveys at South African universities. The results reveal that respondents had a generally positive attitude toward English as LOLT, based mainly on instrumental motivations. More importantly, there was a positive attitude toward the use of isiXhosa alongside English. The motivations for the use of isiXhosa were both instrumental and integrative in nature. The majority of respondents who supported a bilingual arrangement did not, however, believe that a fully-fledged bilingual policy would be practical, mainly because of the multilingual nature of Rhodes University. They felt, however, that providing English and isiXhosa exam question-papers, bilingual tutor support and isiXhosa definitions of discipline-specific technical terms would facilitate learning. Most of the variables mentioned above had an influence on the relevant language attitudes, often confirming the findings of other studies. For instance, schooling background greatly influenced the language attitudes of respondents. Those from previously advantaged English-only schools showed very positive attitudes toward an English-only policy, while most respondents from formerly disadvantaged DET bilingual schools were favourably disposed toward a bilingual policy of English and isiXhosa at Rhodes University. A comparison of the findings of this study with those of recent findings on isiXhosa students’ language attitudes at other universities reveals that respondents at the University of Fort Hare were most favourable toward a bilingual policy, those at the University of the Western Cape were to some extent favourable toward a bilingual arrangement, while respondents at Rhodes University were least favourable toward a bilingual policy.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-10-10T15:59:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCÉLIA NÁRJERA DE ARAÚJO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGH 2013..pdf: 2054381 bytes, checksum: 803544b6f76d6efd717b1409e3b1843e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-10T15:59:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCÉLIA NÁRJERA DE ARAÚJO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGH 2013..pdf: 2054381 bytes, checksum: 803544b6f76d6efd717b1409e3b1843e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-29 / Neste trabalho analisamos as transformações socioculturais vivenciadas pelos estudantes da FAFI e UFPI em Teresina entre os anos de 1964 a 1975. O recorte temporal foi assim delimitando porque nesse período o Brasil estava vivenciando uma efervescência cultural e ao mesmo tempo um cenário político conturbado marcado pela ditadura militar, que favoreceu a emergência de uma militância estudantil no meio universitário. Desta forma problematizamos como a juventude universitária de Teresina experimentou esses anos e recepcionou novos saberes, práticas, valores e comportamentos diante do discurso disciplinar da ditadura militar e das mudanças culturais que emergiram no período. Para tanto fizemos uma análise da configuração do ensino superior em Teresina. Em seguida, analisamos as táticas de resistência empreendidas pelos jovens para contestar as estratégias dos militares e, por fim como os jovens se conectaram com as novidades que circulavam no Brasil. Metodologicamente utilizamos as fontes hemerográficas pesquisadas no Arquivo Público do Piauí, Arquivo do Jornal O Dia, Arquivo da Cúria Metropolitana. Usamos os jornais O Dia, O Estado e O Dominical, empregamos ainda a metodologia da história oral, coletamos entrevistas de sujeitos que estudaram na FAFI, visando perceber como eles significam sua vivência e experiência desse período. O trabalho está ambientado na História Cultural, tendo como aporte teórico-metodológico Michel de Certeau sua concepção de táticas e estratégias, Roger Chartier a noção de recepção, Halbwachs para pensarmos a questão da memória coletiva. Através desta pesquisa foi possível visualizar as especificidades da militância universitária em Teresina, as lutas e táticas empreendidas pelos estudantes para contestar a ordem estabelecida e os comportamentos juvenis configurados a partir da recepção das mudanças culturais vivenciadas no Brasil. / In this study we analyzed the socio-cultural transformations experienced by students at FAFI and UFPI in Teresina between the years 1964 and 1975. The time frame was thus outlining because in this period Brazil was experiencing a cultural effervescence and, at the same time, a troubled political scenario marked by the military dictatorship that favored the emergence of a student militancy at the universities. Thus it was discussed how the college youth in Teresina experienced these years and welcomed new knowledge, practices, values and behaviors before the disciplinary discourse of military dictatorship and the cultural changes that emerged in the period. Therefore we analyzed the configuration of higher education in Teresina. Then we analyzed the tactics of resistance undertaken by young people to challenge the strategies of the military and ultimately how young people have connected with the news circulating in Brazil. Methodologically we used sources surveyed in the Public Archives of Piaui, O Dia Newspaper Archive, Cúria Metropolitana Archive. We used the newspapers O Dia, O Estado and O Dominical, and also used the methodology of oral history, collected interviews from people who studied at FAFI, aiming to understand how they signify their living and experience of that period. The work is set in the Cultural History, with the theoretical and methodological contribution of Michel de Certeau with his conception of tactics and strategies, Roger Chartier’s notion of reception, and Halbwachs to think through the issue of collective memory. Through this research it was able to see the specifics of the university militancy in Teresina, the struggles and tactics undertaken by students to challenge the established order and the juvenile behavior configured from receipt of the cultural changes experienced in Brazil.

Text in English / Anyone using the Internet is likely to use Facebook and anyone using Facebook is likely to use it just about every day. The prevalent uses of the Internet and related technologies is a sign-showing that they have become a part of human life. On any student’s academic side of life, the use of social media (taking Facebook as a case) has become commonplace, but their influences over the academic engagement and performance of students requires deeper understanding. In Africa, the need for studies on the interplay between social media and education is growing. This study focuses on the influence of Facebook on the academic performance of undergraduate social sciences students using three federal Universities in Nigeria, West Africa as research sites. The study shows that Facebook use did not significantly influence the academic performance of the surveyed students at these universities and that its use can, however, be harnessed for augmenting student academic performance and for advancing education in general. / Sociology / M.A. (Sociology)

The main purpose of this study was to examine the use of mobile phones by Generation Y students in the city of Johannesburg in order to increase understanding of this segment's consumer behaviour. Generation Y is an important market segment in that it is making more independent purchase-related decisions and has a large amount of disposable income. The primary data for this study is based on focus group interviews and a quantitative study of a sample of 200 Generation Y tertiary students. Some of the findings are as follows: * Generation Y's use of mobile phones: Generation Y respondents have owned a mobile phone for between three to five years; the majority own Nokia mobile phones, are on prepaid packages and are not big spenders on airtime; furthermore, SMS is seen as the most cost-effective way to communicate. * Competition in the mobile phone market: The perceptions of this segment are that Vodacom is the "cool" operator, MTN is the most "expensive" network operator and Cell C is "cheap and youthful". * Mobile phone brand awareness: Nokia was the most cited brand of mobile phone and was found to be the first choice of many of the respondents. Samsung was reported as the second most cited brand with Motorola, Siemens and Sony Ericsson following. The results have implications for network providers, handset manufacturers and marketers alike as they will ultimately improve these stakeholder's chances of marketing effectively to this dynamic youth market. / Business Management / M. Comm. (Business Management)

Many students have difficulty of learning abstract and complex topic in chemistry. This study investigated how students develop their understanding of abstract and complex topics of chemistry with the aid of visualizing tools: animation, simulation and video. A particular focus of this investigation was to assess to what extent the uses of pedagogy based technology (PBT) is effective in learning chemistry. The combined effect of animation, simulation and video clips enable learning by doing and provide opportunity to explore the abstract and complex lessons of chemistry. The research was conducted with sequential embedded mixed research (quasi experimental and Explanatory) case study design. The experiment was carried out with second year chemistry students include 90(14 female and 76 male) students, 12 male chemistry lecturers and the college heads. The students were constituted 45 Control group and 45 Treatment groups. The groups were non-equivalent (convenient samples), suggesting that randomization was not possible as the students were in intact classes. To apply animation, simulation and video in supporting student-centered learning activities of electrochemistry for second year students flash and micro media player were used. The treatment group was trained for two weeks how to operate and use animation, simulation and video software. Pre and Post tests were administrated to the target groups. The effectiveness of PBT was also evaluated by administrating separate Schedule containing open and closed ended questions. The comments and ratings obtained from the learners‟ and lecturer insights provided the basis for the learning impact of the study. The result obtained from the vi experiment and responses of the schedule shows that PBT improves the performance of students. Therefore, to make the abstract and complex concepts of chemistry easy and clear Electrochemistry learning should be supported by animation simulation and video. An extended study may help to understand the multi sensory benefit of Pedagogy-Based-Technology. Thus, a possible extension to this study should cover a variety of universities and should aim at evaluating its effectiveness in various context and subjects‟. / Science and Technology Education / D. Phil. (Mathematics, Science and Technology Education (Chemistry Education))

This study focused on the 16PF (SA 92), a personality questionnaire that was developed in the USA and adapted for South African conditions. The main aim of the study was to determine whether the scores of the 16PF are comparable in a cross-cultural setting in South Africa. The influence of age, language, socio-economic status and gender on the scores were also determined. The sample consisted of black, white, coloured, and Indian university students and were drawn from the University of Western Cape, University of Pretoria, University of DurbanWestville, and University of Natal. To achieve the aims outlined construct comparability studies and item comparability studies were conducted. In addition, descriptive statistics were also calculated to provide a general picture of the performance of the various sub-samples. A qualitative study was also conducted to determine some of the reasons for the occurrence of item incomparability of the racial sub-sample. The results showed that the racial variable had the greatest influence on the scores obtained. Problems existed with the construct and item comparability of the 16PF when the different race groups were compared. In addition, significant mean differences were also found on the majority of factors when the scores of the different race groups were compared. The results of the qualitative study showed that participants whose home language was not English or Afrikaans had difficulty in understanding many of the words and the construction of sentences contained in the 16PF. The implications of using the 16PF in South Africa, with its multicultural population was outlined, taking the new labour legislation pertaining to selection into consideration. Finally, a number of options for test users, and users of the 16PF in particular were presented. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D.Com. (Industrial Psychology)

This research explores sex and discipline-area differences in empathy across theInterpersonal Reactivity Index developed by Davis. A descriptive cross-sectionalstudy was performed with the participation of 680 university students, divided into351 women and 329 men belonging to Physics-Mathematics, Social-Humanisticand Biological-Chemistry areas. The results show sex differences in threedimensions of the inventory with higher scores for women. No differences inrelation to the subject area of the students were observed. There is interactionbetween sex and discipline in the mathematical-physicist women who obtainedhigher scores in Personal Distress than other participants. / Esta investigación explora diferencias por sexo y área disciplinar en Empatíamedidas a través del Interpersonal Reactivity Index desarrollado por Davis. Serealiza un estudio descriptivo-transversal con la participación de 680 estudiantesuniversitarios, distribuidos en 351 mujeres y hombres, pertenecientes a las áreasde física y matemáticas, social y humanista, química y biológica. Los resultadosmuestran diferencias de sexo en tres dimensiones del inventario con puntajesmayores para las mujeres. No se observaron diferencias en relación con el áreadisciplinar del estudiantado. Existe interacción entre sexo y área disciplinar en lasmujeres físico-matemáticas, quienes obtuvieron puntajes superiores en PersonalDistress, respecto de los demás participantes. / Esta pesquisa explora as diferenças de gênero nas medidas de empatia e dedisciplina em todo o Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal desenvolvidos pela área deDavis. Um estudo descritivo transversal foi realizado com a participação de 680estudantes universitários divididos em 351 mulheres e 329 homens pertencentesà Física e Matemática, ciências sociais e humanas, e Química Biológica. Osresultados mostram diferenças em três dimensões do inventário com escoresmais elevados para as mulheres. Não foram observadas diferenças em relação àárea disciplinar dos alunos. Há uma interação entre sexo e disciplina no físicomatemático, as mulheres que obtiveram escores mais altos em angústia pessoal ,respeitar a área de outros participantes.

Social Anxiety Disorder is characterized as an anxiety disorder without spontaneous remission, which causes numerous impairments in the lives of those affected. This study aimed to describe, in terms of frequency and duration, the themes present in behavioral therapy sessions of consultations with university students with social anxiety. The study participants were two clients diagnosed with the disorder and a therapist. The sessions were videotaped and categorized according to the theme of the session. The results were grouped according to the moment of the therapy: Beginning, Development and Termination. The study made it possible to evaluate the implementation of the procedure adopted and the themes that were developed with greater emphasis, relating the diagnosis to the complaints of the client. / El trastorno de ansiedad social se caracteriza como un trastorno de ansiedad sin remisión espontánea que implica numerosos daños en las vidas de sus pacientes. Este trabajo se propone describir, en términos de frecuencia y duración, los temas presentes en las sesiones de terapia comportamental con estudiantes universitarios con ansiedad social. Los participantes fueron dos clientes diagnosticados con el trastorno y un terapeuta. Las sesiones fueron grabadas en vídeo y categorizadas de acuerdo con el tema de la sesión. Los resultados se agruparon de acuerdo a la época de la terapia: Inicio, Desarrollo y Cierre. Esta investigación nos permitió evaluar la ejecución del procedimiento adoptado y qué temas se abordaron con mayor énfasis, relacionando el diagnóstico con las quejas de los clientes. / O Transtorno de Ansiedade Social é caracterizado como um transtorno de ansiedade, sem remissão espontânea que acarreta inúmeros prejuízos a vida de seus portadores. Este trabalho se propôs a descrever em termos de frequência e duração os temas presentes em sessões de terapia comportamental no atendimento com universitários com transtorno de ansiedade social. Participaram da pesquisa dois clientes diagnosticados com o transtorno e uma terapeuta. As sessões foram gravadas em vídeo e categorizadas de acordo com a temática da sessão. Os resultados foram agrupados de acordo com o momento da terapia: Início, Desenvolvimento e Encerramento. A pesquisa possibilitou avaliar a execução do procedimento adotado, avaliar quais temas foram trabalhados com maior ênfase, relacionando o diagnóstico com as queixas do cliente.

Pesquisas experimentais e clinicas recentes têm reforçado a importância do zinco na nutrição humana, no entanto, grupos populacionais sadios podem apresentar deficiência deste micronutriente. Este trabalho avaliou o estado nutricional de um grupo de estudantes universitárias da Universidade de São Paulo em relação ao zinco. Participaram trinta e oito estudantes de sexo feminino, com faixa etária de 19 a 31 anos, que não fizeram uso de suplemento vitamínico mineral contendo zinco. A média de IMC das participantes foi de 20,8. O consumo alimentar, avaliado por meio de três registros alimentares e analisado pelo programa Virtual Nutri (1.0), demonstrou que o consumo energético médio foi cerca de 1735,2 ± 132,9 kcal, a distribuição dos macronutrientes foi cerca de 62,7% de carboidratos, 11,4% de proteína e 26% de lipídeos. A ingestão média de zinco foi de 6,9 ±1,5 mg/dia. A concentração plasmática de zinco foi de 81,17 ± 14,7 µg/dL e a eritrocitária foi de 41,4 ± 8,5 µgZn/gHb. Na urina de 24 horas as médias de concentração foram 271,78 ± 175 µg/ dia. A atividade da CuZn-SOD foi de 1110,91 ± 310 U/gHb. Por estes resultados observou-se que a distribuição dos macronutrientes encontra-se adequada às recomendações, entretanto com baixo valor energético e a ingestão de zinco apresenta-se insuficiente. Com relação aos valores sanguíneos do mineral embora a média esteja dentro dos valores de normalidade, cerca de 32% apresentaram valores abaixo de 75 µg/dL, o mesmo ocorrendo em relação ao zinco eritrocitário, onde 52,6% apresentavam valores abaixo de 40 µgZn/gHb. O zinco urinário também for baixo para 65,8% das estudantes. Houve correlação entre os valores de ingestão do zinco e sua concentração sangüínea. A atividade da CuZn-SOD apresentou correlação com o zinco no plasma. De acordo com estes resultados observa-se que a maioria das participantes deste estudo estava mantendo a homeostase em relação a este mineral, entretanto com baixas reservas e algumas delas em estado de deficiência. / Recent experimental and clinical researches are emphasizing the importance of the zinc in the human nutrition; yet, populational groups may present deficiency of this nutrient. This work evaluated the nutritional status of a group of the University of Sao Paulo students, in relation to the zinc. Thirty-eight students participated in the study, all female, aged from 19 to 31 years, which made use of vitaminic-mineral supplement containing zinc. The average IMC of the participants was 20,8. The alimentary consumption, evaluated by means of three alimentary registers, analyzed by the software Virtual Nutri (1.0), demonstrated that the mean energetic consumption was of 1735,2 ± 132,9 kcal, the macronutrient distribution was of 62,7% of carbohydrates, 11,4% of proteins and 26% of lipids. The ingestion of zinc was of 6,9 ±1,5 mg/day in average. The plasmatic concentration of zinc was of 81,17 ± 14,7 µg/dL and erythrocytary concentration was of 41,4 ± 8,5 µgZn/gHb. In the 24 hour urine the mean concentrations were of 271,78 ± 175 µg/ day. The activity of CuZn-SOD was of 1110,91 ± 310 U/gHb. From these results, it could be observed that the macronutrient distribution agreed with the recommendations, however with low energetic value and insufficient zinc ingestion. With relation to the blood mineral values, although the average were positioned within a normal range, about 32% of the patients presented values lower than 75 µg/dL, the same happening with the \"erythrocytary\" zinc, where 52,6% presented values lower than 40 µgZn/gHb. The zinc in the urine was, as well, low for 65,8% of the students. There was correlation between the ingestion of zinc and its blood concentration values. The activity of the CuZn-SOD presented correlation with zinc in the plasma. According to these results, it could be concluded that the majority of the participants in the study was keeping the \"homeostasis\" in relation to this mineral, even so with low supplies and, in certain cases, with deficiency.

En Brasil, la variación lingüística diatópica adquiere relevancia en la enseñanza de español como lengua extranjera, debido a la situación geográfica del país entre Hispanoaméricana y a causa de sus relaciones económicas y culturales, por una parte, con los demás países latinoamericanos, cuya lengua oficial es el español, y por otra, con España. El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de las actitudes y creencias lingüísticas hacia las variedades diatópicas del español por parte de estudiantes universitarios brasileños de ELE, ya que dichas actitudes y creencias desempeñan un importante papel en la motivación que tienen por aprender, y por ende, en su grado de adquisición de la lengua extranjera. Además de estudiar sistemáticamente las percepciones y las actitudes en relación con las variedades del español, este estudio busca investigar concretamente las actitudes hacia las formas de tratamiento en español (tú, vos, usted, vosotros y ustedes), ya que suponen realizaciones lingüísticas ciertamente variables, tanto geográfica como estilísticamente. Asimismo, contemplamos analizar si existen relaciones entre la proficiencia lingüística de los encuestados, su perfil académico y el contacto que tienen con hablantes de variedades de español y las actitudes generales que declaran tener hacia tales variedades. En base a datos empíricos, consideramos las implicaciones que tienen los resultados para la enseñanza de ELE en un contexto en el que el español se concibe como una lengua pluricéntrica. Para investigar estas variables, utilizamos un cuestionario, que suministramos a 60 estudiantes que cursan español en el Centro de Ensino de Línguas de la Universidade Estadual de Campinas y que, además, realizan sus estudios en esta misma universidad. A través de técnicas de observación de actitudes tanto directas como indirectas, y mediante el estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo de las variables que analizamos, concluimos que existe una prevalencia por las variedades latinoamericanas con respecto a la variedad peninsular por parte de los estudiantes brasileños de ELE, lo cual supone un contraste con investigaciones previas realizadas en este ámbito. En el caso de las actitudes hacia las formas de tratamiento, los resultados de la investigación muestran que no existe una correspondencia de estas actitudes con las actitudes generales hacia las variedades diatópicas, puesto que la forma vos, característica exclusivamente de variedades latinoamericanas, se concibe como una de las menos utilizadas y una de las más innecesarias en el uso de la lengua española. / In Brazil, diatopic language variation gains importance in the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language, due to the geographic situation of Brazil between Spanish America and as a result of its economic and cultural relations, on the one hand, with the other Latin American countries, whose official language is Spanish, and on the other hand, with Spain. This paper focuses on the study of attitudes and linguistic beliefs towards diatopic varieties of Spanish by Brazilian students of Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL), since such attitudes and beliefs play an important role in motivating students to learn, and therefore, in their acquisition level of the foreign language. Apart from systematically studying the perceptions and attitudes regarding the diatopic varieties of Spanish, this study seeks to specifically investigate attitudes towards the forms of address in Spanish (tú, vos, usted, vosotros and ustedes), because it is a variable linguistic topic, both geographically and stylistically. Furthermore, it studies the relationship between language proficiency of the students, their academic profile and their contact with speakers of varieties of Spanish as well as the general attitudes that they have towards Hispanic varieties. Based on empirical data, the discussion considers implications for teaching of SFL in a context where Spanish is conceived as a pluricentric language. To investigate all these variables, a questionnaire was distributed to 60 Brazilian students enrolled in the Spanish courses of the Language Learning Centre at the University of Campinas, who also follow their undergraduate and posgraduate studies at the same university. Using both direct and indirect observation techniques regarding attitudes, and quantitative and qualitative analysis, the paper concludes that there is a preference for the Latin American varieties compared to the Peninsular varieties amongst Brazilian students of Spanish. These results are different from the ones presented in previous research in this area. In the case of attitudes towards the forms of address in Spanish, the results show that there is no correspondence of these attitudes with the general attitudes towards diatopic varieties, since vos, which is exclusively characteristic of the Latin American varieties, is conceived as one of the least used and most unnecessary forms in Spanish.