Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka motiv lärare anger för sina val och sin användning av läromedel i grundskolans tidigare år. Intresse riktas mot även hur lärare argumenterar kring dessa val samt att förstå lärarens val och argument i relation till deras uppfattningar om lärande och undervisning i matematik. Särskilt undersöks motiven i relation till motivationsskapande undervisning. Jag ville ta reda på hur lärare använder läroboken i undervisningen, om lärobok används och om den kompletteras med annat. Med läromedel avses i denna studie det material som syftar till att hjälpa eleven att tillägna sig kunskaper i matematik. Exempel på läromedel som förekommer i studien är lärobok, laborativt material och informations- och kommunikationsteknik (IKT). Studien var genomförd med hjälp av en enkät med öppna frågor som har besvarats av sex lärare och med en telefonintervju. Det resultat som framkommit ur studien är att läroboken dominerar i matematikundervisningen. Resultatet visar även att läromedel valdes oreflekterat av lärarna. För att motivera eleverna att lära sig matematik använder lärarna olika strategier. Flera kontextuella och sociala begränsningar som finns i resultatet var bland annat lärarens bristande kunskaper i IKT och lärares antal år i yrket. Nyckelord: motivation, läromedel, lärares syn, Paul Ernest. / The purpose of this study was to investigate what motives teachers in primary school give for their choices and use of textbooks and teaching materials. The study focusses on how teachers argue around these choices and their choises and arguments in relation to their belifes about teaching and learning mathematics. Of particular interest are arguments related to teacher enhancement of student motivation. I wanted to find out how teachers use the textbook in class, if a textbook is used and if it is supplemented with another theaching materials. The term teaching materials is in this study used to include all materials that aims to help student acquire knowledge in mathematics. Examples of teaching materials that occur in the study are textbooks, hands-on materials and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The study was conducted using a questionnaire with open-ended questions that were answered by six teachers, and a telephone interview. That results emerging from the study show that the textbook dominates in mathematics education. The results also show that the teachers often chose textbooks and teaching materials without much reflection. To motivate students to learn mathematics teachers use different strategies. Several contextual and social limitations appear in the results, including the teacher's lack of knowledge of ICT and teacher's number of years in the profession. Keywords: motivation, teaching materials, teachers' views, Paul Ernest.

Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB (LKAB) är ett statligt industriföretag som verkar inom gruvbranschen. Företaget arbetar i dagsläget aktivt i syfte att förebygga ohälsa på arbetsplatsen.Trots detta proaktiva arbete är både fysisk och psykisk ohälsa på arbetsplatsen ofrånkomligt och det är därmed viktigt att utveckla en väl fungerande rehabiliteringsprocess. En arbetslivsinriktad rehabiliteringsprocess innefattar arbetsträning, anpassning av arbetsplatsen samt förändrande arbetsuppgifter eller utbildning. I denna process har individens närmaste chef en central roll. Studien syftar därför till att förmedla de ansvariga chefernas uppfattningar och upplevelser av företagets rehabiliteringsprocess. Insamlingen av datamaterial har utförts genom tolv kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer och bearbetningen genomfördes därefter utifrån en fenomenografisk analysmetod. Forskningsfrågorna behandlade chefernas uppfattningar och upplevelser av den nuvarande processen samt deras roll och ledarskap. Vidare undersöktes även de förbättringsområden som kunde identifieras. Studiens huvudresultat visade både likheter och skillnader mellan chefernas uppfattningar och upplevelser. Flertalet chefer upplevde den nuvarande rehabiliteringsprocessen som fungerande medan andra chefer upplevde att den fungerande mindre bra. Flera förbättringsområden identifierades där önskan om tydligare struktur genomsyrade samtliga förslag. Studiens resultat visade även likheter och skillnader i chefernas ledarskap. Analysen av chefernas uttalanden genererade två ledarprofiler där de tillhörde antingen en ledarprofil som karaktäriserades av stödjande egenskaper eller en profil som karaktäriserades av både stödjande och delegerande egenskaper. De chefer som tillhörde den sistnämnda profilen tenderade att anpassa sin ledarstil efter individ och situation. Detta flexibla arbetssätt kunde kopplas till situationsbaserat ledarskap vilket utifrån tidigare forskning  visat sig leda till goda resultat.

Thesis (MCom)--University of Stellenbosch, 1966. / 242 leaves typed on single pages, preliminary pages i-v and numbered pages 1-230. Includes bibliography. / Digitized at 330 dpi black and white PDF format (OCR),using KODAK i 1220 PLUS scanner.

John Lesley saw himself as a humanist, devoted to the common weal and especially to his Queen; to others he was `a busie man', `seed-man of all treasons'. Educated in the Renaissance Scotland of James V and trained in France for a career in the law and the Church, he was `a great doer' with Queen Mary and, briefly, at the heart of government in Scotland, as Lord of Session, Bishop and trusted Counsellor. In 1568 his priorities were transformed. Charged with defending Mary's innocence at York and her interests at the court of Elizabeth, he failed to secure her rehabilitation in Scotland or her release from England. What he could not do in court by his pleading he attempted to do, covertly, by his pen, in an attempt to convince the English nobility and the Spanish King that Mary was Elizabeth's natural heir, in no way disqualified by her own character and conduct or her gender or by English laws of succession. These three topics and Lesley's handling of them are discussed in Chapters Two to Four. Chapter One uses his own, often mutually contradictory, accounts of these years to indicate the circumstances in which his polemic, and the Histories discussed in Chapter Six, were composed. Chapter Five argues that A Treatise of Treasons should not be ascribed to him. In the past century, Lesley has attracted little notice, usually overshadowed by stronger or more flamboyant characters; from his writings, Mary's `learned and most faithful servant' can appear to have the consistency of a chameleon. This study is concerned with his political works, in Latin, Scots and English; it tries to explain those discrepancies which it cannot reconcile, and to examine Lesley's ideas, and their influence, on political issues which included resistance, union with England and the rights of women.

This thesis that is supported by the research findings is as follows: In private law contact disputes between parents, greater weight should be attached to the statutory requirement to give children an opportunity to express their views, as well as to the statutory requirement to protect them from abuse, rather than assuming on-going contact with a both parents is essential for the promotion of a child’s welfare. Despite the acquisition of rights by women and children since the late 19th century, it is argued, they remain disempowered within private law legal process as the patria potestas (paternal power) once held by married fathers, has evolved into this assumption that a child’s welfare requires direct, regular contact with his or her biological father – whether the child wants this or not. Consequently, where children’s views are taken, but they express a view contrary to on-going contact with their biological father, their wishes are often overridden and they may be forced by the court into contact arrangements that distress them. This is particularly problematic as the majority of cases coming before the courts involve serious welfare concerns (including domestic violence and the abuse of substances) and children often have lucid reasons for not wishing to be left under the care and control of their non-resident parent. Yet, these children may sometimes be further victimised by the court system charged with their protection.

No description available.

A template tracker is a tracker based on matching a pre-initialised view of an object with the object's view in an image sequence. Using an error function, the intensity difference between the template view and the templated region in the image is measured. This error measure is used as the basis for a template alignment algorithm that will adjust the template's pose to more accurately register the template view with the view of the object in the image. Some significant problems present themselves with this simple tracker. Extraneous, or non-object, pixels within the template boundaries can cause bias in the registration of the template. Partial occlusions of the object's view in the image can also cause serious bias in the template's pose. Beyond simple occlusions there are transits of occlusions across an object. Occlusion transits are significant because over time they can occlude the entire object in an incremental fashion. If initially the template view is not completely known this kind of occlusion can easily cause a total tracking failure for an object. In this thesis three enhancements of the basic template tracker are proposed: Ownership Masks, Cooperative Templates, and Evolving Views. Ownership Masks are aimed at eliminating the extraneous pixels from the template view. Cooperative templates are used to separate the intensity probabilities when more than one template covers a pixel. Building upon both Ownership Masks and Cooperative Templates, Evolving Views update the template views when occlusion transits are a problem. With these enhancements we have been able to increase the accuracy of tracking objects where large portions of a template contain background pixels. Also occlusions and some types of unocclusions can be detected and discriminated. Finally, some failures in the basic tracker due to occlusion transits have been overcome.

Black-Litterman är en allokeringsmodell som gör det möjligt att förena historiska avkastningar med personliga övertygelser om framtida avkastningar från en enskild investerare. Denna studie jämför två kvantitativa metoder i framtagande av felskattningen för framtida prognoser i syfte att kunna minska Black-Littermans subjektivitet. Tidigare litteratur har testat dessa metoder enskilt men aldrig ställt dem mot varandra. De metoder som undersöks använder varianser proportionella mot varianser i marknadsjämvikten, samt varianser från residualer i en faktormodel. Resultatet visar att tillämpandet av varianser framtagna av en GARCH (1,1)-modell är den metod som genererar högst avkastning, samt ger upphov till en fördelning av tillgångar som bidrar till lägst marknadskänslighet. Utifrån denna studie rekommenderas därmed tillämpningen av varianser från residualer i en faktormodel som tillägg för att minska modellens godtycklighet. / The Black-Litterman allocation model unifies historical returns with investor personal views of future returns. The study compares two quantitative methods for the estimation of uncertainty in future views with the goal to mitigate the subjectivity of the Black-Litterman model. Previous literature have investigated and tested these methods independently but a comparison has never been made between them. The two methods consist of using variances in proportion to the variances of market equilibrium and operating the residual variance of a factor model. Results show that the usage of variances estimated by a GARCH (1,1) will generate the highest average returns with an allocation distribution that contributes to least market sensitivity. Furthermore, the study recommends the implementation of variances from residuals with the addition of a factor model to diminish the subjectivity of the Black-Litterman model.

No description available.

No description available.