This graduation thesis is dedicated to the animal phraseology in Czech and Chinese languages.The author focused on the analysis of animal idioms on the basis of the syntactical, formal and semantic aspects. She created an index of animal idioms in both languages on the basis of the relevant dictionaries - Slovník české frazeologie a idiomatiky 1. - 4. and Hanyu Chengyu Jinghua Cidian. Furthermore she made a mutual comparison of these idioms from both languages. The Czech National Corpus and Chinese Corpus were used as the main sources for the analysis.

This Master's thesis is devoted to comparing Czech and Chinese phrasemes and idioms containing basic numbers of one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine and ten. The theoretical work contains materials related to the definitions, history and traditions of IF in Czech and Chinese linguistics, as well as the history of phraseological discipline in their own countries. After comparing the conceptual and associative meanings of the numerals after entering some collocations in both languages, the obtained materials were analyzed by statistics. In the last part of this work we demonstrated the equivalents of phrasemes in the second language. Key words: phrasem, chengyu, idiomics and phraseology, numerals as a component of phrasemes, equivalents, Czech and Chinese. .

Denna uppsats undersöker hur uttrycket gilla läget används i olika språkhandlingar och vilken innehållsmässiga betydelse uttrycket får. Det är en korpusbaserad studie där över 200 belägg i Twitter 2015 till 2017 är granskade och analyserade. Det avgörande i analysen för hur uttrycket används är språkhandlingen som uttrycket förekommer i och vilket skiljetecken som används. I de fall där skiljetecken saknas analyseras språkhandlingen utifrån eventuellt responssvar som kan förväntas. Vidare studeras också om meningen, där uttrycket ingår, rent språkligt är formulerad som en fråga eller som ett påstående, men om funktionen av uttrycket är något helt annat.  Resultatet visar ett komplext uttryck som kan varieras, och hur det tolkas beror på sammanhanget och vem som läser texten som det förekommer i.

This corpus-based diploma thesis deals with the analysis of selected Latvian somatisms containing the keywords galva, kāja and roka, using principally data from the parallel corpus InterCorp v11. The aim of the thesis is to identify corpus categories and creative alterations of Latvian somatisms, as well as determine how they can be translated to Slovak and Czech. The theoretical part comprises an introduction to the fields of phraseology, cognitive and corpus linguistics; a description of the features of idioms as well as their classification; and a demonstration of the differences between phraseological terms in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Latvia and the West. The practical part focuses on the analysis of patterns in the context of somatisms, the assessment of creative alterations in comparison with linguistics textbooks, and finding translation equivalents in Slovak and Czech.

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The object of the thesis was to gather German and Swedish idiomatic expressions with the origin in sports and to compare them, whether they are corresponding or not. These sport idioms, coming from different sport disciplines, describe circumstances in daily lifepreserving their original meaning and can be a problem for not-native speakers if not used in the right context. The result of the theses is that most of the German sport idioms correspond very good or good with the Swedish ones. Just a few idioms in both languages have no equivalent partner. That is a sign for the close relation between German and Swedish.

On January 1, 2007, the Ministry of Agriculture and Marine Resources in the Department of Marine Resources of the Bahamas promulgated significant revisions to their sports-fishing regulations. While the new laws were designed to benefit the Bahamian fisheries, they caused a vociferous uproar among non-resident anglers who frequent the islands of the Bahamas to sports-fish. Of particular concern are the new regulations that limit the maximum weight and number of fish which non-resident anglers may keep on their boat. My research examines the claims-making activities made by American anglers on four different sports-fishermen/cruising forums. The analysis focuses on the motifs, rhetorical idioms, counterrhetorical strategies, and styles among sports-fishermen who fish the Bahamas.

The ambiguous nature of idioms has been a persistent challenge for English language learners and researches alike. Problematic issues include identifying which idioms are most pertinent for study, and the question of how frequently idiom forms found in dictionaries and other canonized resources actually function as idioms in real language use. This study differentiates between idiom forms used idiomatically (idiom-principle) versus literally (open-choice principle), and provides quantitative data to assess this difference. The data was obtained through a corpus analysis of 1,000 randomly-selected idioms in 10,000 randomly-selected contexts (10 contexts per idiom), and revealed that the majority of idiom forms were indeed functioning idiomatically in the contexts analyzed, but there were also notable exceptions. The findings are used to support the general notion in the literature that idioms represent a single lexical choice for language users, and the researcher proposes several extensions of the findings for the teaching and researching of idioms.

In this thesis, I investigate idiom processing from two angles through three different studies. First, I approached idiom processing from a constraint-based perspective. According to this view, not all idioms are alike: they can differ regarding lexical, and linguistic characteristics, such as their level of familiarity. In this first study, I investigated the underlying processes during the comprehension of idioms with different characteristics. I used the Event Related Potential (ERP) technique, which has high temporal resolution, to investigate this issue. I provided evidence that idioms' characteristics impact their processing. More specifically, idioms which are more familiar to language users (i.e., the ones that are encountered more frequently) showed processing facilitation compared to less familiar idioms. Also, idioms with plausible literal interpretation showed processing advantages over idioms which are less likely to be interpreted literally. The second aim of the current thesis was to investigate idiom processing from an embodied account of language processing. According to this view, various sources of information (including linguistic, affective, and sensory-motor) are available and used during the comprehension of language. While, this view has become popular in many language processing studies, studies of idiom processing are still at the beginning of this journey. To be able to investigate idiom processing while considering the role of affective and sensory-motor factors, we require access to norming data. In the second (descriptive) study, I conducted a large-scale survey and collected measures of valence, arousal, concreteness, and imageability for a set of English idioms, by both native speakers of English and proficient second language speakers. In the last study, I explored how the emotional status of idioms and their concreteness contributes to their processing, and whether this contribution is modulated by idiom familiarity. We found that the impact of non-linguistic sources of information (affective and sensory-motor) is determined by idiom familiarity, such that low familiar and high familiar idioms show different behaviour where these factors are concerned. For highly familiar idioms, behaviour aligns with the findings on word processing: for example, idioms with more positive valence showed facilitative processing. Unlike highly familiar idioms, valence had an inhibitory impact on idioms with low familiarity level, such that greater valence increased the reading time.