Abstract Al-Omari, Mohammad Synthesis of Alkynes from Bi-3H-diazirin-3-yls: Trapping of Strained Cycloalkynes Chemnitz Technical University, Fakulty of Science Dissertation 2003, 76 pages. In this study, we have succeeded in synthesis of alkynes by a new method using bidiazirines as precursors. Different bidiazirinyl systems, such as acyclic, cyclic, and bicyclic systems, were investigated to show if they could serve as appropriate precursors for cycloalkynes. It has been shown that alkynes of no strain (e.g. 2-butyne) as well as extremely strained cycloalkynes (e.g. norbornyne) could be generated utilizing this method. This new method represents a simple, clean, and very efficient route to alkynes. That the strained cycloalkynes had actually been generated was shown by different trapping experiments. In these experiments, the thermal or photoextrusion of nitrogen atoms of the bidiaziridine moieties will certainly leads to the formation of a C,C triple bond, most probably through carbene intermediate. In terms of their reactions with the trapping dienes reagents, the generated cycloalkynes should be considered as normal, yet strained alkynes. In turn, bidiazirines were easily synthesized by oxidative dehydrogenation of their corresponding bidiaziridines. Bidiaziridines, which were the key step in the whole process, were successfully synthesized from bisdiimine precursors. It has been shown, that bisdiimines were the only suitable starting materials for the synthesis of bidiaziridines. Neither the diketones, nor the iminoketone derivatives proved to serve as appropriate starting materials. keywords: 1,2-diketon, 1,2-diimines, bidiaziridin, bidiazirin, strained cycloalkynes, Norbornyne, trapping agents, cycloaddition. / Bibliographische Beschreibung und Referat Al-Omari, Mohammad Synthesis of Alkynes from Bi-3H-diazirin-3-yls: Trapping of Strained Cycloalkynes Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Dissertation 2003, 76 Seiten. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine neue Methode zur Synthese von Alkinen beschrieben. Ausgehend von acyclischen, mono- und bicyclischen 1,2-difunktionalisierten Vorläufern wurden Bidiazirine synthetisiert und deren Eignung als Precursoren für Alkine untersucht. Dabei musste festgestellt werden, dass sich weder von 1,2-Diketonen noch von Iminoketonen die als Zwischenprodukte benötigten Bidiaziridine direkt darstellen ließen. Der einzige erfolgreiche Syntheseweg führte über die 1,2-Diimine zu Diastereomeren-Gemischen der gewünschten Bidiaziridine. Die Oxidation der Bidiaziridine lieferte die Bidiazirine, welche als Vorstufen für die Synthese von Alkinen dienten. So konnten auf diesem Wege sowohl spannungsfreie lineare Alkine wie 2-Butin als auch extrem gespannte Cycloalkine wie Cyclohexin oder Norbornin synthetisiert werden. Der spektroskopische Nachweis der Alkine erfolgte dabei direkt bzw. über verschiedene Abfangprodukte. Stichworte: 1,2-Diketon, 1,2-Diimine, Bidiaziridin, Bidiazirin, gespannte Cycloalkine, Norbornin, Abfangreagentien, Cycloaddition.

A plethora of novel scientific phenomena and practical applications, such as solid-state molecular solar cells and other optoelectronic devices for energy harvesting and lighting technologies, have catalyzed us to synthesize novel compounds with tunable properties. Synthetic routes, single crystal structures, and spectral and materials properties are described. Reactions of Ag(I) and Cu(I) precursors with various types of ligands -- including the azolates, diimines, and diiphosphines -- lead to the corresponding complexes in high yield. Varying the metal ions, ligands, synthetic methods, solvents, and/or stoichiometric ratio can change the properties including the molecular geometry or packing structure, reactivity, photophysical and photochemical properties, semiconducting behavior, and/or porosity of the functional coordination polymers obtained. For solar cells purposes, the absorption energy can be extended from the ultraviolet (UV) region, through the entire visible (Vis) region, onto a significant portion of the near-infrared (NIR) portion of the solar spectrum with high absorption coefficients due to the infinite conjugation of Cu(I) with diimine ligands. Twenty-eight crystal structures were obtained by conventional crystal growth methods from organic solvents, whereas their bulk product syntheses also included "green chemistry" approaches that precluded the use of hazardous organic solvents. The resulting products are characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV/Vis/NIR absorption/diffuse reflectance/photoluminescence spectroscopies, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Regarding the scientific phenomena investigated, the highlighting work in this dissertation is the discovery of novel bonding/photophysical/optoelectronic properties of the following materials: a black absorber with absorption from 200- 900 nm, a very stable compound with a bright green luminescence obtained by a solventless reaction, and a novel coordination polymer showing uncommon interaction of Ag(I) with three different types of diimine ligands simultaneously.

Submitted by Beatriz Aline Riga null (beatriz_aline16@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-15T18:07:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Riga Rocha, B. A._me_sjrp.pdf: 4397938 bytes, checksum: 97cd69af09e5df0e1dcc372a541946c2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-03-21T16:17:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_bar_me_sjrp.pdf: 4397938 bytes, checksum: 97cd69af09e5df0e1dcc372a541946c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-21T16:17:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_bar_me_sjrp.pdf: 4397938 bytes, checksum: 97cd69af09e5df0e1dcc372a541946c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho objetivou-se a síntese e caracterização de oito complexos de cobalto(II) que fossem aptos a atuarem como agentes controladores na Polimerização Radicalar Mediada por Cobalto do monômero acetato de vinila. Através da modulação da esfera de coordenação destes complexos com a alteração dos efeitos estéricos e eletrônicos promovidos pela coordenação de ligantes α-diiminas, buscou-se estabelecer parâmetros para propor a forma como estes complexos mediam a CMRP do referido monômero. Os complexos foram divididos em dois grupos, objetivando uma avaliação mais eficiente da forma como os efeitos estéricos e eletrônicos interferem na capacidade controladora dos mesmos. Após a variação sistemática das proporções molares entre complexo, iniciador e monômero encontrou-se na proporção [Co]/[AIBN]/[VAc] = 1/3,25/542 os resultados mais satisfatórios deste trabalho. O uso de DMSO fora prejudicial para os complexos 2a-c, porém fez com que os complexos 2d-h apresentassem melhorias, reduzindo seus valores de polidispersidade e aumentando as massas moleculares dos polímeros. O complexo 2b fora escolhido como o melhor controlador do grupo do efeito estérico, por reunir em si as características estérias e eletrônicas que o fizeram apresentar os menores valores de polidispersidade (Đmáx = 1,43). Com relação ao grupo de complexos do efeito eletrônico, fora o complexo 2f que, devido à maior estabilidade estrutural conferida ao complexo por seu substituinte cicloexil, apresentara as menores polidispersidades de seu grupo, entre 1,12 e 1,58. / This work aimed the synthesis and characterization of eight cobalt(II) complexes which could be able to act as controlling agents in vinyl acetate radical polymerization mediated by cobalt. By modulating the coordination sphere of these complexes, modifying the steric and electronic effects offered by the α-diimine ligands, we sought to establish parameters to propose how these complexes mediate the CMRP of vinyl acetate. The complexes were split in two groups in way to assess efficiently how the electronic and steric effects can affect the controlling capacity of the CoII(α-diimine).A systematic variation of the molar ratio such as [Co]/[initiator] and [Co]/[monomer] made it possible to choose [Co]/[initiator]/[monomer] = 1/3.25/542 as the ratio that provided certain level of control. The addition of DMSO was detrimental to the complexes 2a-c, but caused an improvement to the activity of complexes 2dh, reducing their polydispersity values and increasing the molecular weights of the polymers. Complex 2b was chosen as the best controller of the steric effect group, its steric and electronic characteristics made possible to reach the lowest polydispersity of its group (Đmax = 1.43).Regarding to the group of complexes of the electronic effect, it was the complex 2f that had the smallest polydispersity of its group, between 1.12 and 1.58, due to the greater structural stability conferred to the complex by its cyclohexyl substituent.

Title: Theoretical study of spin-orbit coupling on spectra and photophysics of rhenium complexes Author: RNDr. Radka Heydová Department: Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry Supervisor: Ing. Stanislav Záliš, CSc., JHI AS CR, v.v.i. Supervisor's e-mail address: stanislav.zalis@jh.inst-cas.cz Abstract: Relativistic effects, especially spin-orbit coupling (SOC), play an essential role in transition metal chemistry and SOC treatment is indispensable for a correct theoretical description. To demonstrate the importance of SOC, the energies and oscillator strengths of vertical transitions for a series of [ReX(CO)3(2,2'-bipyridine)] (X = Cl, Br, I) and [Re(imidazole)(CO)3(1,10-phenanthroline)]+ complexes were calculated in the spin-free (SF) and spin-orbit (SO) conceptual frameworks. Two different computational approaches were adopted: SO-MS-CASPT2 where SOC was added a posteriori using a configuration interaction model (SO-RASSI), and the approximate perturbative SO-TD-DFT method. Relativistic effects were included via the two-component Douglas-Kroll-Hess transformation and the zeroth-order regular approximation in the former and the latter technique, respectively. The SF (i.e. accounting only for the scalar relativistic effects) and SO results from both methods were compared with each other and to available...

Computational chemistry has gained interest as a characterization tool to predict photoluminescence, reactivity and structural properties of organic and transition metal complexes. With the rise of methods including relativity, these studies have been expanded to the accurate modeling of luminescence spectra of complexes with considerable spin-orbit splitting due to heavy metal centers as well as the reaction pathways for these complexes to produce natural products such as hydrogen gas. These advances have led to the synthesis and utility of more effective catalysis as well as the development of more effective organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) through the incorporation of organometallic complexes as emitters instead of typical organic emitters. In terms of significant scientific advancement presented in this work is in relation to the discovery of significant spin-orbit splitting in a gold(I) alkylphosphine complex, where the splitting results in the states that emit in different colors of the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. This work also reveals the discovery both computationally and experimentally, of a genuine polar-covalent bond between two-closed shell metals. This work highlights a complex with an incredibly short gold(I) – copper(I) intermetallic distance leading to a vibrational frequency and dissociation energy that is on par with those of other systems with single-bonded metal centers. Lastly, this work outlines a strategy for the production of hydrogen gas through the use of trinuclear cyclic coinage metal complexes as catalysis to split hydrohalic acids.

The discovery of M (II)-α-diimine (M = Ni, Pd) catalysts has been promoting a revolution in industrial production of polyolefins, once these can produce polymers with different topologies only varying the reaction conditions, using only ethylene as monomer. This ability has been explored by many researchers in recent decades, experimental and theoretical levels. In this study, we developed theoretical calculations on the behavior of different catalytic systems in ethylene polymerization and dimerization reactions. In the first study, we employ the Hartree-Fock (HF) Method to evaluate energies and structures involved in steps representing the ethylene dimerization by Ni (II)-bis [(pyrazolyl) ethyl] amine cationic bulky complex, discussing the behavior of complex through the dimerization steps, π-complex formation, isomerization and low probability for trimerization during dimerization process. In the last two papers we describe a theoretical investigation of ethylene polymerization reaction catalyzed by cationic complexes bulky Ni (II)-α-diimine. We employ a combination of Density Functional Theory (DFT) and molecular mechanics (MM) contained in the ONIOM approach to evaluate structures and energies of representing steps of ethylene polymerization mechanism catalyzed by Brookhart and Guan systems, discussing electronic influences and stereo environment imposed by ligands around the active site in each stage of the process, highlighting the olefin coordination angles and isomerization process of growing polymer chain. / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A descoberta de catalisadores do tipo M(II)-α-diimina (M=Ni, Pd) vem promovendo uma revolução na produção industrial de poliolefinas, pois estes podem produzir polímeros com diferentes topologias variando apenas as condições reacionais, usando apenas o eteno como monômero. Esta habilidade foi explorada por diversos pesquisadores nas últimas décadas, em nível experimental e teórico. Neste estudo, desenvolvemos cálculos teóricos sobre o comportamento de diferentes sistemas catalíticos nas reações de polimerização e dimerização do eteno. No primeiro estudo, empregamos o Método Hartree-Fock (HF) para avaliar energias e estruturas envolvidas nos passos representativos da dimerização do eteno via complexo catiônico volumoso do tipo Ni(II)-bis[(pirazolil)etil]amina, discutindo o comportamento do complexo ao longo dos passos da dimerização, formação de complexos-π, isomerização da cadeia e baixa probabilidade para trimerização durante o processo de imerização.Nos dois últimos trabalhos descrevemos uma investigação teórica da reação de polimerização do eteno catalisada por complexos catiônicos volumosos Ni(II)-α-diimina. Empregamos a combinação da Teoria do Funcional de Densidade (DFT) e Mecânica Molecular (MM), contida na aproximação ONIOM, para avaliar estruturas e energias dos passos representativos do mecanismo de polimerização do eteno catalisado pelos sistemas de Brookhart e Guan discutindo as influências eletrônicas e do ambiente estéreo imposto pelos ligantes em torno do sítio ativo em cada estágio do processo, enfatizando principalmente ângulos de coordenação da olefina e processo de isomerização da cadeia polimérica em crescimento.