The diploma thesis deals with integration of children with special education needs into the common primary schools. The theoretical part is focused on phenomenon ``integration{\crqq}, its types, evolution of integrated education in the Czech Republic and abroad, and integration legislature. Further the conditions necessary for realisation of school integration and other factors influencing its success are discussed. The practical part involves a performed research. The aim was to find out the actual problems of integration from point of view of the following people: directors of primary school, infant school teachers and parents of integrated children. To obtain these data the questionnaire research was used, which was done on 17 primary schools. The results of this research are presented and finally discussed in this thesis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiza Cristina de Azevedo Ricotta.pdf: 658506 bytes, checksum: 2435342b376d9d474aa2b583a761551b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-19 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The purpose of this research is to tackle the entry of Handicap people on the Public Administration, studying the testimony of two Handicap employees from Sao Paulo City Hall that work on a department specially assigned for Handicaps (Seped).The analysis of contents resulted in 11 different subjects that later were regrouped by similarity and correlation between them, leaving us with three major categories which are: Entry on the Job Market, Inclusion on Society and People who Discriminate, keeping that taboo alive. Among the contributions of this study are the critic vision of the interviewed, who are against a discrimination by society where exclusion and prejudice exist, and the meaning and importance of work on their lives, leading to independence, self esteem, identity and social participation. / O objetivo desta pesquisa é abordar o Ingresso de Pessoas com Deficiência na Administração Pública Municipal, a partir de um estudo exploratório dos depoimentos de dois funcionários com deficiência da Secretaria da Pessoa com Deficiência e Mobilidade Reduzida (Seped) da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo (PMSP). A análise de conteúdo resultou em 11 Núcleos Temáticos, que posteriormente foram reagrupados pela semelhança e correlação direta dos temas, oferecendo-nos três grandes categorias principais e norteadoras da pesquisa, sendo elas: Ingresso, Inclusão e Assistencialismo. Dentre as contribuições deste estudo, destacamos duas: a visão crítica dos entrevistados, contrários à prática assistencialista por parte de instituições e pessoas, por entenderem que essa é uma forma de manter a exlusão, o estigma e o preconceito; e a constatação do significado e valor do trabalho na vida destas pessoas, ao proporcionar autonomia, auto-estima, identidade e participação social.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T21:11:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 Lucelia Fagundes Fernandes Noronha1.pdf: 1027295 bytes, checksum: b31aed092f3c38a29a1f3fec3063853c (MD5) Lucelia Fagundes Fernandes Noronha2.pdf: 2122176 bytes, checksum: a33507905f8e1d8dd205217b7db1503a (MD5) Lucelia Fagundes Fernandes Noronha3.pdf: 1911643 bytes, checksum: 561d46d2f7b41ca7539d6c5bfc1e89c2 (MD5) Lucelia Fagundes Fernandes Noronha4.pdf: 992631 bytes, checksum: 10bc7fdb4fdd72a2fc96daf7e4c9a8c8 (MD5) Lucelia Fagundes Fernandes Noronha5.pdf: 1972913 bytes, checksum: 0817b6031cb9388f045fdb031668bbda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-07 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The purpose of this study is to analyze how impairment was showed in the infant juvenile literature in the books published to Brazilian authors for the first time in the years from 1996 to 2006. Coming from the initial hypothesis that in this historical moment, in which social and school inclusion of the impaired person as an ideal of citizenship are thought, infant juvenile literature, being a cultural product present in kids lives may contribute to diminish as well as to disseminate prejudice in relation to handicap. Before getting to the result a way aiming at highlighting the definitions about impairment, about prejudice, about stereotypes and stigma was taken, as well as about inclusion. In this theoretical way, still, some fundaments about culture, society and education in the social representing theory were searched. The methodology adopted involved a quantitative and qualitative treatment of the data collected and for the performing of an analysis of the same, complex and interactive parameters were used in relation to the categories proposed, involving: the narrator, the plot, the type of discourse, the type of impairment or difference, the characters in dramatic context, the characteristics and actions, the nomination, the attribution fields of the phenomena in the etiology of impairment and in the closure of the story. The data were presented by a summary of the story, respective card of material exploration, of the quantitative result and qualitative analysis. After performing the content analysis of the stories, three tendencies were revealed: stories free from prejudice, denouncing stories, but simultaneously, perpetuators of prejudice,stereotypes and/or stigmas in relation to impairment. With this research it was possible to extract a little from this unending vein, of this rich material and this enchantment source of juvenile books, which might be simultaneously, source of pleasure, reflection and of critics. / Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar como a deficiência está representada na literatura infanto-juvenil nos livros escritos por autores brasileiros editados pela primeira vez nos anos entre 1996 e 2006. Partindo da hipótese inicial que nesse momento histórico, em que se pensa em inclusão escolar e social da pessoa com deficiência como ideal de cidadania, a literatura infanto-juvenil, sendo um produto cultural presente na vida das crianças, pode contribuir tanto para diminuir como para disseminar o preconceito em relação à deficiência. Antes de se chegar ao resultado foi percorrido um caminho visando evidenciar as definições acerca de deficiência, de preconceito, de estereótipo e estigma, bem como acerca da inclusão. Buscou, ainda, nesse caminho teórico alguns fundamentos referentes à cultura, sociedade, educação e da teoria da representação social. A metodologia adotada envolveu um tratamento quantitativo e qualitativo dos dados coletados e, para a realização da análise dos mesmos, foram utilizados parâmetros complexos e interativos em relação a categorias propostas, envolvendo: o narrador, a trama, a narrativa, o tipo de discurso, o tipo de deficiência ou diferença, os personagens no contexto dramático, as características e ações, a nomeação, os campos de atribuições dos fenômenos na etiologia da deficiência e no desfecho da história. Os dados foram apresentados por meio de sinopses da história, da respectiva ficha de exploração do material, do resultado quantitativo e de análise qualitativa. A realização da análise de conteúdo das histórias, revelaram-se pelo menos três tendências: Histórias livres de preconceito, histórias denunciadoras e imunes a preconceitos e histórias denunciadoras, mas, simultaneamente, perpetuadoras de preconceitos, estereótipos e/ou estigmas em relação à deficiência. Com esta pesquisa foi possível extrair um pouco desse veio inesgotável, desse rico material e dessa fonte de encantamento dos livros infanto-juvenis, que podem ser simultaneamente, fonte de prazer, de reflexão e de crítica.

Les personnes en situation de handicap peuvent-elles être touristes ? Face à la discordance entre le corps déficient et l’environnement, quelles actions peuvent être mises en œuvre pour favoriser l’accès des touristes à mobilité réduite aux aménités du littoral ? Les discontinuités spatiales génèrent des situations de handicap et entraînent de fortes inégalités socio-spatiales en matière d’accès aux ressources territoriales. Face à ce constat, la loi du 11 février 2005 rend obligatoire la mise en place d’une politique publique de mise en accessibilité basée sur le paradigme de la conception pour tous. Et s’il est admis que les personnes en situation de handicap ont droit au travail, l’accès aux vacances et aux loisirs qui lui sont attachés sont moins pris en compte dans notre société. Pourtant, le droit au tourisme apparaît comme une demande sociale forte de la part des personnes à mobilité réduite. Pour y répondre, les pouvoirs publics français contribuent à créer de nouvelles modalités d’accès aux pratiques touristiques à travers le label « Tourisme & Handicap ». Largement inédite dans la recherche géographique française, la relation entre tourisme et handicap soulève pourtant de nombreuses interrogations sur la mobilité, l’habiter touristique, l’inclusion socio-spatiale ou encore la citoyenneté des personnes handicapées. Pour cela nous ferons, à l’aide des outils de la Géographie, et en particulier les SIG, l’hypothèse de l’utilité d’un modèle territorial du tourisme accessible pour que les politiques publiques du handicap puissent contribuer à lutter efficacement contre les injustices spatiales, à faciliter l’acceptation de la diversité humaine et à maximiser les conditions de concrétisation du bien-être des personnes autrement capables. / People with disabilities can they be tourists ? Facing the discrepancy between the deficient body and the environment, what actions can be implemented to facilitate access of tourists with limited mobility to coastal amenities ? Spatial discontinuities create situations of disability and entail strong socio-spatial inequalities when it's a matter in access to territorial resources. Faced with this situation the law of February 11th 2005 mandates the establishment of public policy of accessibility based on the paradigm of design for all. If it is recognized that people with disabilities have the right to work, access to holidays and leisure attached to it are less taken into account in our society. Yet, the right to tourism is a strong social claim by disabled people. To answer this, French government help to create new modalities of access to tourism practices through the label "Tourisme & handicap". Widely unprecedented in the French geographic research, the relationship between tourism and disability raises yet many questions about mobility, mode of dwelling tourist, socio-spatial inclusion or citizenship of people with disabilities. For this we will do, using the tools of Geography, like GIS, the hypothesis of the usefulness of a territorial model tourism accessible so that the public policy of disability can contribute to fight effectively against spatial injustices, to facilitate the acceptance of human diversity and to maximise conditions of concretisation well-being of people otherwise capable.

Cette thèse se concentre sur les subjectivités particulières que produit la déficience locomotrice dans la ville postapartheid au moyen d’une ethnographie de la vie ordinaire. À cet effet, la déficience locomotrice désigne toute limitation des déplacements due à une infirmité des membres inférieurs. Celle-ci est dès lors conçue comme une épreuve, c’est-à-dire un évènement qui rompt avec le quotidien et met sous tension les responsabilités des différents acteurs impliqués — personnes en situation de handicap, familles, État, etc. En outre, ces tensions s’articulent sur différents niveaux dont trois sont particulièrement discutés ici : le champ politique qui détermine un certain type de citoyenneté, les réseaux sociaux qui constituent la personne et enfin le rapport des acteurs en situation de handicap à leur histoire personnelle. Ces trois niveaux se combinent pour façonner des subjectivités particulières, qui sont analysées dans un cadre foucaldien en tant que rapports à soi, mais également aux autres et au monde qui nous entoure. Le chapitre 1 introduit la discussion en proposant un aperçu général de la problématisation politique du handicap en Afrique du Sud. J’y interroge la manière dont l’histoire nationale a pu influencer les discours et les mesures prises dans ce domaine. Au-delà de ces considérations générales, je cherche surtout à saisir les effets réels des mesures adoptées sur l’expérience de la déficience locomotrice dans l’Afrique du Sud contemporaine. Le chapitre 2 s’intéresse alors plus spécifiquement aux politiques de sécurité sociale et d’aide à l’emploi. Cette étape de l’analyse permet d’intégrer une dimension économique dans la suite de la discussion sur les relations sociales des personnes rencontrées. Le chapitre 3 interroge l’existence d’autrui significatif dans le choix d’un logement. Le chapitre 4 se concentre quant à lui sur les rapports de genre et leurs reconfigurations contemporaines, tels qu’ils sont vécus par les personnes atteintes d’une déficience. Un troisième registre de sociabilité plus large et plus diffus fait l’objet du chapitre 5, qui documente les lieux de sociabilité dans le township de Mitchell’s Plain et la manière dont les personnes en situation de handicap s’y intègrent. Finalement, le chapitre 6 rassemble les différents éléments discutés dans les sections qui le précèdent pour saisir les récits de soi que ces dynamiques sociales produisent. C’est alors la place donnée à la déficience par l’individu dans son rapport à lui-même et aux autres qui est mise en évidence. De manière générale, cette réflexion souhaite contribuer à la compréhension des conséquences pratiques des politiques établies et de leur appropriation par les acteurs et participe dès lors aux débats autour de la prise en charge de personnes vues comme ‘dépendantes’. Une approche par le handicap dans une nation conçue tour à tour comme développée et en voie de développement, ni tout à fait sociale ni strictement libérale, cherche à enrichir la réflexion sur ces sujets dans nos sociétés contemporaines. Qui plus est, l’angle de la déficience en Afrique du Sud permet de revenir sur les politiques d’apartheid, dans leur dimension corporelle et sociale, en s’intéressant à la restructuration de la ville postapartheid. Dans ce cadre, interroger la citadinité sud-africaine permet de se départir d’une rhétorique raciale, qui monopolise souvent la réflexion sur cette société, pour comprendre comment, au-delà de ces différences, l’espace urbain est réapproprié. À travers ces dynamiques, c’est aussi la mémoire d’un passé troublé, au statut incertain, qui se joue. Enfin, interroger la déficience locomotrice en Afrique du Sud permet de revenir sur un lien supposé entre ce type de handicap et la violence endémique des anciens townships. / This thesis explores subjectivities shaped by locomotive disability in the post-apartheid city through an ethnography of ordinary life. Locomotive disability encompasses every limitation of mobility due to an infirmity of the lower limbs. In my discussion, it is conceived as a ‘test’ (épreuve), namely an event that interrupts everyday routines and creates tensions between the responsibilities of different actors’ – people with disabilities, families, the state, etc. These tensions are articulated on various levels. In my discussion, I focus on three of them: the political field that determines a certain type of citizenship, the social networks that constitute the person, and finally the understanding people with disabilities have of their personal history. These levels combine to shape people’s subjectivity, and are analysed in a Foucauldian perspective not just as individuals’ relations with themselves, but also with others and the wider world. Chapter 1 introduces the discussion by providing an overview of the political problematisation of disability in South Africa. I question how national history has influenced discourses and legislation in the field of disability. More specifically, I explore the effects of these programs on the experience of locomotive disability in contemporary South Africa. Chapter 2 then presents in detail South African social security and job creation policies. This section of the thesis introduces an economic dimension to the discussion of the social relationships of people with disabilities which is taken up in the following chapters. Chapter 3 questions significant others’ identity in the process of finding a house. Chapter 4 focuses on gender relationships and their current reconfigurations, as lived by people with disabilities. A third register of sociability is introduced in chapter 5, which documents the existence and the nature of social places in Mitchell’s Plain township and the ways people with disabilities participate in those spaces. Finally, chapter 6 brings together the conclusions from each chapter to explain the self-narrations (récit de soi) produced by different social dynamics. Through my analysis, I thus explore the place people give to disability in their relationships with the self and with others. More generally, this thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the consequences that policies have for people’s lives and the way these policies are appropriated by the actors on the field. In so doing, the thesis participates in the debate around the management of people who are often perceived as ‘dependants’. To look at disability in a nation that is both conceived as developed and still developing, neither completely social nor totally liberal, is a way to extend our knowledge on these topics in contemporary societies. Moreover, the topic of disability in South Africa allows me to analyse apartheid policies and their bodily and spatial dimensions, by focusing on how the city is nowadays (re)appropriated by its inhabitants. In this context, questioning South African citiness allows me to depart from a racial discourse that still often monopolises analysis of this society, in order to comprehend how, beyond these differences, the urban space is restructured. Through this dynamic, the memory of a troubled past with an uncertain status is at play. Finally, a discussion on locomotive disability in South Africa challenges the supposed link between this type of disability and the endemic violence of the townships.

The diploma deals with an analytic evaluation of The European Court of Human Rights adjudication in the matter of D.H. and others versus the Czech Republic. The aim is to ascertain how this verdict has influenced school legislation and the educational practice. The research focuses on discovering whether the Czech Republic has been fulfilling the obligations established by the European Court, and mapping the consequences of the verdict on the practices of the involved parties, which are practical schools, school consultency facilities and the Czech School Inspectorate. The result is a comprehensive description of the steps which the government has made towards eliminating discrimination of Romany pupils in the education system. Based on the foundings, it can be stated that in the upcoming future there should not be any occurences of discrimination of pupils being put to practical schools.

This thesis deals with the problem of handicapped individual in children's literature as a subject for drama education. The diploma thesis has two parts. In the first theoretical part, I dealt with the issue of handicap, the relation of literature and dramatic education with a focus on literature with handicapped hero and assessed the possibilities of using such literature in the process of dramatic education. The practical part was based on action research, which took place in 5 literary and drama lessons, which were created on the basis of a literary masterpiece. During the evaluation, I focused mainly on changing the relationship between handicapped and disabled people based on the experience of dramatic education. In addition, questions have been examined if this topic is not difficult for pupils of primary school and what pitfalls it can bring.

À notre époque, la problématique de la prise en charge des personnes en situation de handicap est d'une importance majeure. Nombreuses sont les études qui prouvent qu'économiquement et socialement le handicap impacte fortement la société moderne. La dépendance, résultat des situations de handicap, est l'incapacité de réaliser seul les tâches de la vie courante. Une aide spécialisée, voire l'hospitalisation dans les cas les plus avancés, peut devenir nécessaire. Les politiques ne se sont pas trompés en faisant de cet enjeu une priorité, notamment en France où le gouvernement a débloqué d'importantes sommes d'argent. L'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, dans sa dernière définition du handicap, explique que le handicap est situationnel et qu'un environnement adapté peut compenser l'incapacité et supprimer la dépendance. Nous pouvons nous demander dans quelle mesure la technologie peut apporter, dans la vie de tous les jours, un certain degré de confort et une autonomie aux personnes dépendantes. La technologie apporte, aujourd'hui par l'intermédiaire des habitats intelligents, des systèmes pervasifs et de la domotique, les moyens nécessaires aux personnes pour gagner en autonomie et vivre plus longtemps à domicile. Ces solutions s'appuient sur des services d'assistance spécialisés, adaptés à la singularité de la pathologie du patient. Ainsi, un patient en situation de handicap physique se verra proposer une solution de contrôle d’environnement tandis qu’un patient souffrant de trouble cognitif pourra compenser son handicap grâce aux solutions d’analyse du comportement. Nous proposons une solution d’assistance unifiant les deux champs d’action, pour compenser les situations de polyhandicaps. Pour assurer autonomie, confort de vie, sécurité, surveillance et assistance à domicile des personnes dépendantes, les algorithmes d’assistance requièrent beaucoup de ressources de traitement et le manque de ces dernières peut ralentir voire bloquer le déploiement des différentes tâches et remettre en question considérablement l'expérience utilisateur et par conséquent l'acceptation de la solution. Négliger l'impact des ressources sur le déploiement peut mener à des situations de fonctionnement gênantes, voire dangereuses, dans le cas d'une urgence vitale. Peut-on vraiment proposer le meilleur service d'assistance possible si notre infrastructure ne permet pas sa réalisation ? Pour répondre à cette problématique, les concepteurs surdimensionnent la solution. Autrement dit, des équipements supplémentaires, spécialisés et couteux, sont installés. Toutefois, cette attitude très répandue dans l'industrie ne respecte pas les recommandations de l'aide au handicap, qui cherchent à réduire les critères de couts et d'intrusivité, notamment. Les habitudes de vie moderne impliquent que la maison d'aujourd'hui, sans modifications particulières, regorge déjà d'équipements domotiques et électroniques aux capacités inexploitées. Nous proposons une approche de modélisation des ressources pour mettre en évidence leurs capacités. Cependant, avoir conscience de ces capacités ne suffit pas, il faut aussi les connaître et savoir les gérer pour faciliter le déploiement des services d’assistance. En effet, si l’exploitation des capacités au niveau d’une ressource est correctement maitrisée, l’optimisation conjointe des capacités de plusieurs ressources est quant à elle moins développée. Nous avons mis en place un flot de déploiement contextuel qui grâce à la connaissance de son environnement et des ressources qui le composent peut déployer un service sur n'importe quel équipement capable de le réaliser. Une répartition de la charge de traitement de manière uniforme permet de garantir une sureté de fonctionnement en évitant un engorgement des ressources et une surcharge globale du système. / Nowadays, the problem of care for people with disabilities is a major concern. Many studies prove that handicaps strongly impact modern society, economically and socially. Dependence, resulting in disability situations, is the inability to perform alone the tasks of daily living. A specialized assistance or even hospitalization, in the most advanced cases, may become necessary. Politicians were not deceived by making this issue a priority, particularly in France where the government has provided large sums of money. The World Health Organization, in its latest definition of disability says that disability is situational and that a suitable environment can compensate for the inability and correct the dependency. We can wonder, to what degree, can technology bring in the life of every day, a certain degree of comfort and independence for disabled people? Today, technology brings through intelligent houses, pervasive systems and home automation, the necessary resources for people to gain autonomy and stay longer at home. These solutions are based on specialized support services adapted to the uniqueness of the patient's pathology. Thus, a patient with physical disabilities could have an environment control solution while a patient with cognitive impairment may compensate for his disability through behavior analysis solutions. We offer a healthcare solution combining the two fields of action, to compensate for situations of multiple handicaps. To ensure independence, living comfort, security, health surveillance and home care for disabled people, algorithms require a lot of processing resources. The lack of processing devices can slow or even block the deployment of different assistive tasks and question considerably the user experience and therefore the acceptance of the solution. Neglecting the impact of resources for deploying can lead to inconvenient situations, even dangerous in the case of vital emergency. Can we really offer the best possible assistance service if our infrastructure does not allow its achievement? To address this problem, designers oversize the solution. In other words, extra dedicated and expensive equipments are installed in the person's environment. This attitude, although widely used in the industry, does not respect the recommendations of ambient assisted living, which aim to reduce the cost criteria and intrusiveness. Modern lifestyles imply that today's home, without any particular modifications, is already full of home-automation and electronic devices with unused capacities. We offer a resource modeling approach to highlight their abilities. However, be aware of these capabilities is not enough, the system also need to know how to manage them to facilitate the deployment of assistive services. Indeed, if the system can properly manage the utilization of the capabilities of one resource, the joint optimization of several resources, at the same, time is not enough controlled. We have set up a contextual deployment flow which, thanks to the knowledge of the environment and resources, can deploy a service on any devices capable of carrying out the operation. A distribution of the processing load, uniformly, helps to ensure dependability of our solution, by avoiding resource bottlenecks and overall system overload.

Les incapacités motrices lourdes engendrent des situations de handicap au cours desquelles l’autonomie du corps et du sujet sont bousculées. Les attendus et les évidences du corps valide sont suspendus. Ne pouvant plus agir directement sur elle-même ou sur son environnement, la personne en situation de handicap doit passer par l’intermédiaire d’un dispositif d’aide polymorphe constitué à la fois d’aides humaines et techniques. Au cours de chacune des interactions avec ce dispositif, les limites entre soi et l’autre, entre l’intérieur et l’extérieur, se brouillent.A partir de trois enquêtes ethnographiques réalisées auprès de personnes en situation de handicap vivant à domicile, la recherche doctorale a pour objet l’analyse de cette expérience corporelle. Dans une première partie, la thèse montre que la singularité de cette expérience repose sur le principe d’une distribution du corps, alternant entre déconstruction de soi et renégociations empiriques des frontières à partir de la définition d’une intimité. La recherche distingue ensuite trois formes possibles d’une existence au quotidien avec des incapacités motrices. Chacune d’entre elles se traduit par unedistribution singulière des frontières de l’identité / Severe motor impairments generate disability situations in which the autonomy of body and of the subject are disrupted. Expectations and taken-for-granted attitudes regarding the valid body are challenged. No longer in capacity to act directly on themselves or on their environment, persons with disabilities must interact with polymorphic help devices consisting of both human and technical aids. In these interactions, limitations between self and others or between inside and outside are blurred.Based on three ethnographic studies conducted with persons with disabilities living at home, the doctoral research aims at analyzing their specific corporal experience. The first part of the dissertation analyzes the experience of people with severe motor impairments as an experience of a distributed body, alternating between self-destruction and empirical negotiations of body frontiers with reference to intimacy. The second part distinguishes three forms of the experience of everyday life with severe motor impairments, which result in different distributions of the frontiers of self

Les statistiques concernant l’insertion professionnelle des personnes en situation de handicap nous informent que cette catégorie de la population est particulièrement vulnérable. Les exigences à l’égard de cette catégorie de travailleurs, considérée comme peu productive et peu autonome, dépassent largement celles demandées à un candidat valide, y compris pour des postes où le handicap n’est pas une barrière objective (Louvet, 2007). A contrario, on attribue plus de qualités personnelles aux handicapés qu’aux valides (Louvet, Rohmer, & Dubois, 2009). Les attitudes envers les personnes handicapées oscillent entre des attitudes bienveillantes quant à leurs « qualités personnelles » et des préjugés négatifs sur leurs compétences réelles. Ainsi, on peut parler d’un stéréotype ambivalent. Les conséquences de cette ambivalence sont au cœur de ce travail doctoral.L’objectif principal de la thèse était de montrer que cette image du handicap impacte largement les stratégies de présentation de soi des personnes handicapées mais aussi leurs performances réelles. Nous avons également montré que l’amorçage de la catégorie sociale du handicap auprès d’individus valides pouvait conduire à un effet d’assimilation, c’est-à-dire à des comportements conformes aux stéréotypes engagés. Dans une perspective théorique nous avons cherché à démontrer l’intérêt de la décomposition de l’utilité sociale, afin de l’appliquer à ce champ d’étude mais également à celui de la motivation. Ces résultats suggèrent que les personnes handicapées pourraient être centrées sur la production de l’effort et de maîtrise de la tâche, conduisant à des performances différant qualitativement des personnes valides. / Statistics on the professional integration of disabled people in society suggest that this category of population is particularly vulnerable. The requirements for this category of workers, perceived as wanting in productivity and autonomy, far exceed what is expected of a valid candidate, even when it comes to positions where disability is not an objective barrier (Louvet, 2007). However, disabled people are credited with greater personal qualities than valid workers: in particular, they tend to be considered as more "deserving" (Louvet, Rohmer, & Dubois, 2009). To sum up, attitudes and behaviours towards people with disabilities range from benevolent attitudes about their "personal qualities" to very negative prejudices about their actual skills.In this respect, the stereotype can be considered as ambivalent. The consequences of this ambivalence are at the heart of this doctoral work. The main aim of this PhD is to show that this image of disability widely impacts the self-presentation strategies of disabled people in a recruitment context and also their actual performance. It is also shown that preliminary briefing of valid individuals regarding the social category of disability could lead to an effect of assimilation, that is to say behaviours corresponding to the existing stereotypes. In a theoretical perspective, this PhD tries to demonstrate the interest of decomposing social utility, so as to apply it to this field of study but also to that of motivation. Overall, results suggest that people with disabilities may focus essentially on producing efforts and mastering tasks, and that their performance consequently differs qualitatively from that of valid persons.