Thesis (doctoral)--Göteborgs universitet, 1991. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Abstract and summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-214) and index.

<p>Men denna rapport tar jag upp elevers och lärares uppfattning om grammatikundervisningens innehåll och betydelse. 53 elever har deltagit i en enkätundersökning och sju lärare har intervjuats om deras uppfattning. Undersökningen har genomförts på tre skolor i en glesbygdskommun. Det är elever i år fem och sex som har deltagit och de lärare som undervisar i dessa klasser. På två av skolorna arbetar man med femsexor tillsammans, i så kallade åldersblandade klasser. Majoriteten av lärarna tycker att det är viktigt med grammatikundervisning och att eleverna bör lära sig hur språket är uppbyggt. Det framkommer i undersökningen att eleverna inte har så klar uppfattning om vad de gör på lektionerna. De är främmande för begreppet grammatik och har inte så stor uppfattning av vad det är. Däremot tycker eleverna att det är viktigt att lära sig om språket och hur det är uppbyggt. Lärarna uppfattar att eleverna tycker att grammatikundervisningen är tråkig men samtidigt uttrycker flera att eleverna tycker det är roligt i skolan. I undersökningen framkom också att det finns en skillnad på vad yngre och äldre lärare har för uppfattning om grammatikens betydelse i undervisningen. Äldre lärare använder sig i större utsträckning av färdigt läromedel än yngre. De tycker även att det är mer vikigt med grammatikträning än de yngre lärarna.</p>

<p>The aim of this research is to study how the Swedish service sector measures and develops Human Capital. It consists on five parts. The first part will be compounded by the background, problem, purpose and limitations. We will detail the goal of the project; we will introduce the research question which we will answer at the end of the thesis. The second part deals with the Methodology; we will use the necessary methods in order to conduct properly this study. After that, in the third part, Theoretical Framework, we will develop the model in order to know how Human Capital is measured and developed, that is to say, the theoretical aspects of our research in order to acquire enough knowledge and from here, to be able to answer the research question. The fourth part will regard the Empirical Findings with the results of the questionnaire. Analysis will be the fifth part, where we will apply the theory studied in the previous part throughout the questionnaire. It will be based on making Conclusions, last part where we will answer the research question launched in the introduction.</p>

For a long time confined to Article 106(2) TFEU, a provision allowing to justify regulatory measures derogating from Treaty rules by invoking their necessity in order to enable undertakings entrusted with services of general economic interest (SGEIs) to fulfil their special tasks, SGEI has become a constitutional concept of EU law. In the post-Lisbon EU Treaties it is subject to new provisions, in particular Article 14 TFEU and the Protocol on services on general interest. As a legal concept allowing to balance EU market integration and the pursuit of legitimate national policies related to public services, SGEI is also a political concept, and therefore its legal interpretation is an ultra-sensitive matter. This dissertation proposes that SGEI cannot anymore be contrived as a narrow concept of EU competition law, but must be understood as a broad public service concept encompassing both public authorities’ policy missions and undertakings’ public service obligations. This follows from an analysis of the CJEU’s understanding of the EU concept of SGEI in the frame of Hirschman’s theory on exit and voice, and thus on the double background of its own case law foreclosing exit from EU market rules for public services, and of its acknowledgement of the SGEI “voice” this has led to in the Treaties. The analysis shows that the CJEU’s bifurcation by the notions of “public service obligations” and “public service tasks”, is aimed at applying the Treaty SGEI provisions loyally without pre-empting their political use by the Union and the Member States. To shed some light on the political use of the EU concept of SGEI made by the EU legislator and the Member States in a context of Europeanisation and liberalisation, this dissertation scrutinizes also how the new EU procurement and state aid rules applying to social services relate to the Treaty principles on SGEIs, and how the Swedish systems of choice for elderly home care and education relate to the EU rules. It analyses whether these relationships, if too transparent and loyal, may constrain the process of liberalisation of social services in the Member States, and whether it can explain that an explicit characterisation of social services as SGEIs seems to be avoided in EU procurement law and in Swedish law.

The aim of this study is to examine how book conversations goes in the swedish education in grade 3, and also which perception teachers have of book conversations in their own education. The survey is supported by theories that focuses on book conversations in the education. These are text to text, text to world, text to self, qualitative book conversation, multi-purpose classroom, proximal zone and scaffolding. To achieve the aim, following questions has been formulated: • How do book conversations go in the swedish education in grade 3? • Which perception do teachers have on book conversations in their own education? In summary, the results of this study are that there are three types of book conversations in the swedish education called a structural book conversation, open book conversations and closed book conversations. These three types of book conversations explain how book conversations go in the swedish education in grade 3. Beyond this, the results of this study are also that teacher’s perception on book conversation in their own education are that book conversations are significant and of importance in the swedish education.

Seriemördare är rovdjur som fascinerar samhället på grund av deras farlighet. Forskning fokuserar främst på seriemördaren och offret blir obemärkt. Studier om mordoffrets karakteristika är få och befintlig forskning har fokuserat på få variabler om offret. Syftet med studien var att ta reda på om seriemördare begår mord på offer som uppvisar liknande egenskaper och visa hur variationen ser ut hos olika typer av seriemördare. Utifrån seriemördare från kända listor genomfördes en deskriptiv analys av offrens egenskaper. Resultatet visade att det typiska offret för män var en obekant, vit, vuxen kvinna som befann sig inom hans bekvämlighetszon. För kvinnor var det typiska offret en bekant, vit, vuxen man som befann sig inom hennes bekvämlighetszon. Majoriteten av seriemördare dödar inte utifrån bestämda offerkategorier utan varierar istället, vilket korresponderar med vad tidigare studier på området har kommit fram till kring offrets egenskaper. Att förstå hur mordoffret väljs ut ökar förståelsen om seriemördaren.

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Rapid internationalization of economic activities takes an important place in the last decades in the world economy. Services make a huge contribution to the international trade and their expansion grows constantly. It is very important nowadays to investigate the internationalization process of business service firms, their motivations and modes of entering into the new unexplored market. Moreover, correct choice of entry mode and evaluation of the incentives can affect the firm’s performance and the duration of the presence in a foreign market. It is also very important to understand the implications of initial mode of operations for different kinds of services.The purpose of this thesis is to gain better understanding of internationalization process of service firms, their incentives to enter new market and choice of entry mode. This is gained by evaluating such service firms that provide financial services as Swedbank and SEB Bank and their international performance in Baltic countries and Ukraine. These chosen companies provide the study cases for this paper.For this study, deductive approach is used in order to observe the theory, empirical findings and then to draw specific conclusion. Empirical data consists of two study cases of Swedbank and SEB Bank. Through the literature review a theoretical framework is developed in order to help the authors evaluate the motives which influence bank´s decision in selecting an entry mode.The findings of this research are that the main incentive of SEB to internationalize is following its customers and increasing market power in order to become a leader in providing financial services. While for Swedbank customer following and profit incentives are identified as crucial ones when going international. The results show that acquisition is an identical entry mode for both banks and is chosen as most sufficient one.Key words: internationalization process of service firms, banks, incentives, entry modes and acquisition.

No description available.

Food fermentation is a method widely used in the past to extend the storage life of food. Numerous studies on fermented food have revealed that they not only have biopreservative properties but also health benefits. Lactic acid bacteria are the major group of microorganisms involved in food fermentation and the properties that influence food are primarily due to the compounds released from microorganisms such as organic acids and bacteriocins. Their health benefits are exerted through several mechanisms including inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and modifying the host immune response. A number of strains that have been investigated show different properties even between the same species thus emphasizing the importance of strain identification. To determine if some traditional fermented Swedish foods contain lactic acid bacteria, bacteria from four fermented Swedish foods (two surströmming and two sausages) were isolated using MRS broth. Bacterial isolates were examined for their colony and cell morphology and Gram staining and were found to be predominantly Gram-positive cocci or rods. 16S rRNA PCR amplifications of selected isolates was performed using universal prokaryotic primers and sequenced. The sequencing results showed that the bacterial isolates from Oskars surströmming Filéer and Gognacs medvurst were Lactobacillus sakei and the isolate from Mannerströms surströmming was Enterococcus sp. This study showed that the traditional Swedish fermented food evaluated did contain lactic acid bacteria.