Es wird eine Konkordanz zwischen den beiden Klassifikationssystemen RVK und DDC für das Fach Psychologie vorgestellt. Eine im Vorfeld durchgeführte Befragung ergab, dass der Bedarf bei den Bibliotheksverbünden vorhanden ist. Bislang wurde aber der hohe individuelle Aufwand gescheut. Hintergrund für das Erarbeiten der Konkordanz war die Übernahme des Fachgebietes durch die Referentin. Für Bibliothekskataloge weltweit spielen Konkordanzen bei der Indexierung und beim Retrieval eine Rolle. Gegenüberstellungen zwischen verschiedenen Systemen sind essenzielle Vorraussetzungen für das Semantic Web. In der Kombination verschiedener Erschließungsverfahren wie z.B. social tagging Klassifizierung und normierter Sacherschließung können Konkordanzen dazu beitragen, in intelligenten, selbstlernenden Datenbanken zu stetig wachsenden, mit zusätzlichen Informationen angereicherten und verlinkten Datenpräsentation zu kommen. Für eine Weiterentwicklung bietet sich die Verknüpfung von Begriffen und Informationen an, die unter dem Begriff „Ontology learning“ beschrieben werden. Im Vorfeld der Konkordanzerstellung musste festgelegt werden, welche Klassifikation die Basis bildet, auf die das andere System abgebildet wird. Ebenso war zu prüfen, ob eine strukturierte Gegenüberstellung machbar ist. Kann die unterschiedliche Hierarchietiefe zwischen der RVK und sinnvoll abgebildet werden? Es ist denkbar, die Konkordanz in kollaborativer Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Bibliotheken weiterzuentwickeln sowie Crosswalks zu Thesauri und Metadaten zu schaffen. In der anschließenden Diskussion gibt es die Möglichkeit, den erreichten Stand nach inhaltlichen und formalen Aspekten zu bewerten und künftige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten zu erörtern. Dazu zählen u.a. Fragen der automatischen Konkordanzerstellung mittels statistischer Verfahren als auch die technischen Lösungsansätze des Inputs von Konkordanzen in Ontologien. In der Verzahnung von automatischen statistischen Verfahren und manuell erstellten Korrelationen sind weitere Synergien denkbar, die diskutiert werden können.

The epidemiology of blastomycosis remains poorly understood in part due to the lack of a robust and discriminatory strain typing method for Blastomyces dermatitidis. Here we describe the development of a multilocus sequence (MLST) method to study the genetic variation and population structure of B. dermatitidis. Eighty geographically diverse clinical and environmental isolates were examined. Thirty-six unique sequence types were identified. With a discriminatory index of 91.4%, MLST identifies significant genetic diversity for the characterization of local and global B. dermatitidis isolates. To test whether this fungus represented a single species throughout its geographic range we performed phylogenetic analyses, applying Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct clades, with five of the eight gene phylogenies studied supporting the separation of these lineages, which were also geographically partitioned. Based on fulfillment of GCPSR, we propose the current species B. dermatitidis harbors two genetically distinct non-interbreeding phylogenetic species.

The epidemiology of blastomycosis remains poorly understood in part due to the lack of a robust and discriminatory strain typing method for Blastomyces dermatitidis. Here we describe the development of a multilocus sequence (MLST) method to study the genetic variation and population structure of B. dermatitidis. Eighty geographically diverse clinical and environmental isolates were examined. Thirty-six unique sequence types were identified. With a discriminatory index of 91.4%, MLST identifies significant genetic diversity for the characterization of local and global B. dermatitidis isolates. To test whether this fungus represented a single species throughout its geographic range we performed phylogenetic analyses, applying Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct clades, with five of the eight gene phylogenies studied supporting the separation of these lineages, which were also geographically partitioned. Based on fulfillment of GCPSR, we propose the current species B. dermatitidis harbors two genetically distinct non-interbreeding phylogenetic species.

As dificuldades associadas à coleta de urina de 24h e à baixa credibilidade do uso do biomarcador na prática clínica para estimar a ingestão de proteína de pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC) na fase não-dialítica sinalizam para busca de alternativas acuradas e de ampla acessibilidade para a descrição do consumo de proteína nessa população. Avaliar a acurácia de métodos de inquérito dietético para estimar o consumo de proteína em pacientes de DRC na fase não dialítica e, a concordância desses com o biomarcador de ingestão protéica. Também foi avaliado a concordâncias entre o registro alimentar (RA) e recordatório alimentar de 24 horas (Rec24h). Cento e vinte e dois pacientes com DRC na fase não dialítica, que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade, foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica, laboratorial e, tiveram a ingestão de proteína estimada por três métodos de avaliação do consumo alimentar, sendo estes dois métodos de inquérito dietético e um método de biomarcador. Os métodos de inquéritos alimentares compreenderam 4 dias de RA e 2 dias de Rec24h. Para o biomarcador foi avaliado a excreção de nitrogênio uréico em uma amostra de urina de 24 horas, o qual foi utilizado em equação do equivalente protéico do aparecimento do de nitrogênio uréico (PNA). Na análise estatística dos métodos de inquérito dietético, utilizou-se o PC-Side para estimar a variabilidade da ingestão de proteína, equações para estimar o número de dias necessários para estimativas acuradas da ingestão de proteína em avaliações no nível individual e coletivo. Para avaliar a concordância entre os três métodos de avaliação do consumo de proteína, utilizou-se o Concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) e o gráfico de Bland & Altman. Resultados: Os 4 dias de RA e 2 Rec24h descreveram com acurácia elevada a ingestão de proteína no nível coletivo, sendo respectivamente de 0,85 e 0,73. Para o nível individual, com erro tolerado intermediário de 20% (acurácia de 0,8), foram necessários 6 dias de RA e 5 de Rec24h para avaliação do consumo de proteína. Ao avaliar a concordância entre o PNA com o RA e Rec24h, observou-se CCC reduzido (< 0,3). Da mesma forma, ao avaliar a dispersão individual das diferenças obtidas entre o PNA e RA e Rec24h pelo gráfico de Bland & Altman, notou-se valores amplos de limite de concordância. Por outro lado, valores mais elevados de CCC (>0,4) foram encontrados entre o RA e o Rec24h. O gráfico de Bland & Altman desses dois métodos mostrou menor dispersão. Contudo, essa melhor concordância pode ser decorrente de superestimação da correspondência entre os métodos. Além disso, a concordância reduzida observada entre o PNA e o RA e Rec24h não permitiram afirmar que os métodos de inquéritos dietéticos ofereçam medidas irreais da ingestão de proteína, nem tampouco foi possível afirmar que a medida real é aquela sugerida pelo PNA. Em pacientes com DRC na fase não dialítica, orientada a seguir dieta hipoprotéica, o RA e Rec24h podem ser usados em substituição ao uso PNA como alternativas de baixo custo e de ampla acessibilidade à prática clínica para descrever a ingestão de proteína, desde que sejam definidos o nível da avaliação, o número ideal de dias e a acurácia desejada. / It has been well described in the literature the errors inherent to the 24 hours urine collection in free-living individuals. Therefore, the assessment of protein intake in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients by the urinary urea excretion in the 24 hour urine sample, may lead to important errors related to the method itself. In this regard, assessing surrogate methods is of high relevance. To evaluate the accuracy of the dietary methods to estimate the protein consumption in nondialyzed CKD patients and also to assess the agreement between a biomarker of protein intake and dietary methods. In addition, it was also evaluated the agreement between two dietary methods. One hundred and twenty-two nondialyzed CKD patients, who met the eligibility criteria, were included. All participants underwent to antropometric and laboratory assessments, and had the protein intake estimated by three methods: two methods of dietary intake and one dietary biomarker. The dietary intake comprised 4 days of food records (FRec) and 2 days of 24-hour food recall (24hFRecall). For the biomarker, it was evaluated the urinary urea nitrogen excretion in a 24 hours urine sample, which was used in the equation of the protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance (PNA). The software PC-Side was used to estimate the variability of the protein intake in the FRec and 24hFRecall. In addition, specific equations were used to assess the number of days needed to estimate the protein intake with high accuracy in the individual and collective level. In order to evaluate the agreement between the 3 methods, it was used the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and the Bland & Altman plot analysis (1986). In the collective level, 4 days FRec and the 2 days of 24hFRecall described the protein intake with an accuracy close the highest acceptable level, being of respectively 0.85 and 0.73. For the individual level, by accepting an intermediate tolerated error of 20% (accuracy 0.8), 6 days of FR and 5 days of 24hFR were needed for the assessment of protein intake. When assessing the agreement between the PNA and the FRec and 24hFRecall, it was observed reduced CCC (< 0.3). Likewise, when evaluating the individual differences obtained between the PNA and the FRec and 24hFRecall by the Bland & Altman plot analysis, it was observed a wide concordance limit, which is consistent with the low concordance observed between the methods. Moreover, higher values of CCC (> 0.4) were found between the FRec and 24hFRecall. The Bland & Altman plot analysis of these two methods showed more narrows differences, which is consistent with the higher CCC observed. However, this best agreement may be due to an overestimation between the methods. Furthermore, the reduced concordance observed between the PNA and the FRec and 24hFRecall does not mean that the dietary intake methods give biased or unrepresentative measurements of protein intake, nor was that the PNA gave unbiased measurements of protein intake. FRec and 24hFRecall can be used as surrogate methods for the PNA, as an alternative low cost and high applicability method in the clinical routine practice to describe the protein intake.

As dificuldades associadas à coleta de urina de 24h e à baixa credibilidade do uso do biomarcador na prática clínica para estimar a ingestão de proteína de pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC) na fase não-dialítica sinalizam para busca de alternativas acuradas e de ampla acessibilidade para a descrição do consumo de proteína nessa população. Avaliar a acurácia de métodos de inquérito dietético para estimar o consumo de proteína em pacientes de DRC na fase não dialítica e, a concordância desses com o biomarcador de ingestão protéica. Também foi avaliado a concordâncias entre o registro alimentar (RA) e recordatório alimentar de 24 horas (Rec24h). Cento e vinte e dois pacientes com DRC na fase não dialítica, que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade, foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica, laboratorial e, tiveram a ingestão de proteína estimada por três métodos de avaliação do consumo alimentar, sendo estes dois métodos de inquérito dietético e um método de biomarcador. Os métodos de inquéritos alimentares compreenderam 4 dias de RA e 2 dias de Rec24h. Para o biomarcador foi avaliado a excreção de nitrogênio uréico em uma amostra de urina de 24 horas, o qual foi utilizado em equação do equivalente protéico do aparecimento do de nitrogênio uréico (PNA). Na análise estatística dos métodos de inquérito dietético, utilizou-se o PC-Side para estimar a variabilidade da ingestão de proteína, equações para estimar o número de dias necessários para estimativas acuradas da ingestão de proteína em avaliações no nível individual e coletivo. Para avaliar a concordância entre os três métodos de avaliação do consumo de proteína, utilizou-se o Concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) e o gráfico de Bland & Altman. Resultados: Os 4 dias de RA e 2 Rec24h descreveram com acurácia elevada a ingestão de proteína no nível coletivo, sendo respectivamente de 0,85 e 0,73. Para o nível individual, com erro tolerado intermediário de 20% (acurácia de 0,8), foram necessários 6 dias de RA e 5 de Rec24h para avaliação do consumo de proteína. Ao avaliar a concordância entre o PNA com o RA e Rec24h, observou-se CCC reduzido (< 0,3). Da mesma forma, ao avaliar a dispersão individual das diferenças obtidas entre o PNA e RA e Rec24h pelo gráfico de Bland & Altman, notou-se valores amplos de limite de concordância. Por outro lado, valores mais elevados de CCC (>0,4) foram encontrados entre o RA e o Rec24h. O gráfico de Bland & Altman desses dois métodos mostrou menor dispersão. Contudo, essa melhor concordância pode ser decorrente de superestimação da correspondência entre os métodos. Além disso, a concordância reduzida observada entre o PNA e o RA e Rec24h não permitiram afirmar que os métodos de inquéritos dietéticos ofereçam medidas irreais da ingestão de proteína, nem tampouco foi possível afirmar que a medida real é aquela sugerida pelo PNA. Em pacientes com DRC na fase não dialítica, orientada a seguir dieta hipoprotéica, o RA e Rec24h podem ser usados em substituição ao uso PNA como alternativas de baixo custo e de ampla acessibilidade à prática clínica para descrever a ingestão de proteína, desde que sejam definidos o nível da avaliação, o número ideal de dias e a acurácia desejada. / It has been well described in the literature the errors inherent to the 24 hours urine collection in free-living individuals. Therefore, the assessment of protein intake in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients by the urinary urea excretion in the 24 hour urine sample, may lead to important errors related to the method itself. In this regard, assessing surrogate methods is of high relevance. To evaluate the accuracy of the dietary methods to estimate the protein consumption in nondialyzed CKD patients and also to assess the agreement between a biomarker of protein intake and dietary methods. In addition, it was also evaluated the agreement between two dietary methods. One hundred and twenty-two nondialyzed CKD patients, who met the eligibility criteria, were included. All participants underwent to antropometric and laboratory assessments, and had the protein intake estimated by three methods: two methods of dietary intake and one dietary biomarker. The dietary intake comprised 4 days of food records (FRec) and 2 days of 24-hour food recall (24hFRecall). For the biomarker, it was evaluated the urinary urea nitrogen excretion in a 24 hours urine sample, which was used in the equation of the protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance (PNA). The software PC-Side was used to estimate the variability of the protein intake in the FRec and 24hFRecall. In addition, specific equations were used to assess the number of days needed to estimate the protein intake with high accuracy in the individual and collective level. In order to evaluate the agreement between the 3 methods, it was used the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and the Bland & Altman plot analysis (1986). In the collective level, 4 days FRec and the 2 days of 24hFRecall described the protein intake with an accuracy close the highest acceptable level, being of respectively 0.85 and 0.73. For the individual level, by accepting an intermediate tolerated error of 20% (accuracy 0.8), 6 days of FR and 5 days of 24hFR were needed for the assessment of protein intake. When assessing the agreement between the PNA and the FRec and 24hFRecall, it was observed reduced CCC (< 0.3). Likewise, when evaluating the individual differences obtained between the PNA and the FRec and 24hFRecall by the Bland & Altman plot analysis, it was observed a wide concordance limit, which is consistent with the low concordance observed between the methods. Moreover, higher values of CCC (> 0.4) were found between the FRec and 24hFRecall. The Bland & Altman plot analysis of these two methods showed more narrows differences, which is consistent with the higher CCC observed. However, this best agreement may be due to an overestimation between the methods. Furthermore, the reduced concordance observed between the PNA and the FRec and 24hFRecall does not mean that the dietary intake methods give biased or unrepresentative measurements of protein intake, nor was that the PNA gave unbiased measurements of protein intake. FRec and 24hFRecall can be used as surrogate methods for the PNA, as an alternative low cost and high applicability method in the clinical routine practice to describe the protein intake.

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2016-08-09T14:53:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 beatrizfigueiraujojabourvescovirosa.pdf: 1816042 bytes, checksum: 143468b9f90a82552f0e11a1f14d4045 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-08-09T15:16:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 beatrizfigueiraujojabourvescovirosa.pdf: 1816042 bytes, checksum: 143468b9f90a82552f0e11a1f14d4045 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-09T15:16:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 beatrizfigueiraujojabourvescovirosa.pdf: 1816042 bytes, checksum: 143468b9f90a82552f0e11a1f14d4045 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-14 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O uso dos organismos nas avaliações dos ambientes aquáticos possibilita o entendimento da estrutura e dos processos funcionais destes ecossistemas. A partir das métricas da assembleia de Chironomidae (Diptera) de mesohabitats de remansos e corredeiras, este estudo possibilitou identificar o estado de conservação de nove riachos de baixa ordem pertencentes à sub-bacia do Ribeirão Marmelos, localizado no Município de Juiz de Fora, MG. No primeiro capítulo, o experimento 1 investigou a sucessão de Chironomidae em sacos de folhas de Picramnia sellowii, incubados em remansos e corredeiras em três riachos florestados durante 120 dias. As mudanças na composição e estrutura da fauna foram atribuídas principalmente à perda de massa foliar e à heterogeneidade física do detrito, especialmente após a decomposição atingir 50% (60 dias), quando houve a maior riqueza de táxons. Aos 30 dias, a dominância de larvas de Stenochironomus possivelmente contribuiu para maior fragmentação física do detrito. A ausência de relação entre Chironomidae não minadores e a biomassa de fungos indicou que muitas larvas usaram as folhas apenas como substrato. Entre os mesohabitats houve fraca variação na composição da fauna. O experimento 2, que comparou a fauna de Chironomidae dos sacos de folhas aos 60 dias de decomposição entre os riachos florestados e impactados pela poluição orgânica, detectou nítida diferença na composição de táxons entre os ambientes. As métricas de Chironomidae tiveram forte relação com as variáveis ambientais que distinguiram os riachos preservados e impactados, sugerindo-se o uso desta metodologia para avaliação das condições ambientais de riachos. O segundo capítulo investigou se métricas da assembleia de Chironomidae iriam diferir entre remansos e corredeiras em resposta aos diferentes usos da terra (floresta, pastagem e urbano) em riachos de baixa ordem, no período seco e chuvoso. Foi constatado que a composição de táxons de ambos os mesohabitats e períodos foi a métrica mais sensível ao uso da terra, o que sugere que o uso desta métrica de um ou outro mesohabitat e período estacional para o biomonitoramento, possibilita a obtenção de resultados menos influenciados pela variabilidade natural do ambiente e a diminuição do tempo para o processamento das amostras. No capítulo três foi analisada a concordância taxonômica de grupos bentônicos identificados em diferentes níveis taxonômicos. Gêneros de Chironomidae e gêneros de Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera e Trichoptera (EPT) foram concordantes no período de seca e chuva. O mesmo foi constatado para gêneros de Chironomidae e espécies de Oligochaeta. Famílias de macroinvertebrados foram concordantes com gêneros de Chironomidae e gêneros de EPT somente no período seco. Respostas similares às variáveis ambientais foram responsáveis pela concordância entre os grupos, enquanto a proximidade dos riachos resultou na ausência de influencia das variáveis espaciais. Constatou-se ainda, a efetividade da resolução numérica de gêneros de Chironomidae e espécies de Oligochaeta em ambos os períodos do estudo. A porcentagem de perda de informação, (>15%) indicou cautela ao se utilizar dados de presença/ausência destes grupos, sugerindo-se sua utilização apenas para avaliações rápidas em ambientes com diferenças marcadas nas suas condições de conservação. / The use of organisms in evaluations of aquatic ecosystems enables understanding the structure and functional processes of these systems. By calculating metrics of the assemblage of Chironomidae (Diptera) from remanso and corredeira mesohabitats, this study allowed identification of the state of preservation of nine low-order streams belonging to the Marmelos stream sub-basin, located in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The first chapter reports the results of two experiments. The first investigated the succession of Chironomidae from samples collected in bags containing Picramnia sellowii leaves, incubated in remansos and corredeirasof three streams in forested areas for 120 days. The changes in the composition and structure of the fauna were attributed mainly to the leaf mass loss and physical heterogeneity of the detritus, especially when the leaf decomposition reached 50% (60 days), at which point the greatest richness of taxa was observed. After 30 days, the dominance of larvae of Stenochironomus possibly contributed to the greater physical fragmentation of the leaf litter. The absence of a relationship between non-mining Chironomidae and fungal biomass indicated that many larvae use the leaves only as substrate. Between the two mesohabitats, there was weak variation in the faunal composition. The second experiment, which compared the Chironomidae fauna in the bags containing leaves after decomposition for 60 days between streams in forested areas versus those in areas affected by organic pollution, detected a clear difference in the composition of taxa between the two environments. The Chironomidae metrics had a strong relation with the environmental variables that distinguished preserved and impacted streams, suggesting the use of this method to assess the environmental conditions of streams. The second chapter investigates whether the metrics of the Chironomidae assemblage differ between remansos and corredeirasin response to different land uses (forest, pasture and urban) in low-order streams, in the dry and rainy seasons. It was found that the taxon composition of both mesohabitats and seasons was the metric with greatest sensitivity to land use, suggesting that the use of this metric of one or the other mesohabitat or season of the year for the biomonitoring enables obtaining results that are less influenced by the natural variability of the environment and reduces the time for processing of the samples. The third chapter investigates the taxonomic concordance of benthic groups identified at different taxonomic levels. Genera of Chironomidae and genera of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) were found to be concordant in the dry and rainy seasons. The same was found for the genera of Chironomidae and species of Oligochaeta. Families of macroinvertebrates were concordant with Chironomidae genera and EPT genera only in the dry season. Similar responses to the environmental variables were attributed to the concordance between groups, while the proximity of the streams resulted in absence of an influence of the spatial variables. The numerical resolution of Chironomidae genera in both seasons was found to be effective, while this only occurred for the Oligochaeta species in the dry season. The percentage of information lost (>15%) indicates caution in using data on the presence/absence of these groups, suggesting use of this type of investigation only for rapid assessments in environments with marked differences in their preservation conditions.

(in English) This master thesis deals with themes of motivations and compliance to treatment recommendations in outpatient physiotherapy. In the theoretical section it brings an introduction to the issue of adherence as a part of medical rehabilitation. It sheds some light on the importance of the research in this field and structures its span according to prescribed diagnoses and other criteria. It also shows distinctions in concepts of compliance, concordance and adherence and summarizes the findings of the most relevant directions of motivation research in this area of study. The aim of the empirical part is to capture relations between the distribution of patients' personal causality orientation and their adherence to treatment, along with others, e.g. demographic variables. The analysis of 113 patients' questionnaires showed that there is a statistically significant relation between both the internal and external causality orientation and the degree of adherence.

(in English) This master thesis deals with themes of motivations and compliance to treatment recommendations in outpatient physiotherapy. In the theoretical section it brings an introduction to the issue of adherence as a part of medical rehabilitation. It sheds some light on the importance of the research in this field and structures its span according to prescribed diagnoses and other criteria. It also shows distinctions in concepts of compliance, concordance and adherence and summarizes the findings of the most relevant directions of motivation research in this area of study. The aim of the empirical part is to capture relations between the distribution of patients' personal causality orientation and their adherence to treatment. Based on the results of a DOPO method, self-assessment of adherence and evaluation of adherence by the treating physiotherapist, from the sample of 69 patients it concludes, that there is no statistically significant relation between the aforementioned variables.

O tema desta pesquisa é habilidades de leitura, especificamente as habilidades relacionadas aos recursos linguísticos relativos à coesão textual, de acordo com a Linguística Textual, e relativos à concordância verbal e nominal, de acordo com a gramática normativa. Segundo Bronckart (2012), esses recursos são `mecanismos de textualização. O problema que motivou esta pesquisa foi o fato de esses recursos linguísticos não serem, tradicionalmente, valorizados em atividades de leitura. Contudo, as habilidades de compreensão desses recursos são previstas nas Matrizes de Referência da Prova Brasil e do SARESP e cobradas nessas avaliações. Além disso, há uma carência de atividades de leitura com enfoque específico nessas habilidades para subsidiar o trabalho do professor de língua portuguesa. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é contribuir para o trabalho em sala aula no desenvolvimento de habilidades de leitura de alunos dos Ensinos Fundamental e Médio. Especificamente, objetiva-se: 1) identificar habilidades de leitura avaliadas pela Prova Brasil e pelo SARESP que se baseiam em mecanismos de textualização, ou seja, recursos linguísticos relativos à coesão textual e concordância verbal e nominal; 2) elaborar atividades de leitura que contemplem esses mecanismos de textualização, comentando-as para que possam ser utilizadas nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa. Metodologicamente, é uma pesquisa bibliográfica com base nos conceitos de competência e habilidades, nos documentos da Prova Brasil (BRASIL, 2008) e do SARESP (SÃO PAULO, 2009), nos conceitos de coesão textual e concordância verbal e nominal. Aspectos de variação sociolinguística da concordância verbal e nominal no português brasileiro também serão apresentados, bem como o conceito de leitura baseado na abordagem sociocognitiva. Como resultados desta pesquisa, foram identificadas 04 habilidades da Prova Brasil e 03 do SARESP referentes aos mecanismos de textualização (sendo 02 do SARESP correspondentes a 02 da Prova Brasil) e foram elaborados exercícios de leitura que contemplam esses mecanismos e podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento dessas habilidades. Esta pesquisa faz parte do projeto observatório OBSERVATÓRIO/UNITAU 2011-2014: Competências e habilidades de leitura: da reflexão teórica ao desenvolvimento e aplicação de propostas didático-pedagógicas n23038010000201076, financiado por CAPES/INEP, o qual tem como um dos seus objetivos elaborar material didático para atividades de leitura em aulas de Língua Portuguesa. / The theme of this research is the reading skill, specifically skills related to language resources regarding textual cohesion , according to the Textual Linguistics and on the nominal and verbal concordance, according to the normative grammar . According Bronckart (2012 ) , these features are `textualization mechanisms (mechanisms in reading and writing process). The issue that motivated this study was the fact that these linguistic resources are not traditionally valued in reading activities . However , the comprehension skills of these features are standards in Prova Brazil and SARESP and also tested in these evaluations. In addition , there is a lack of reading activities with a specific focus on those skills to support the Portuguese language teacher classroom work. The overall objective of this research is to contribute to the teaching and learning process in the classroom while developing reading skills (for students in the Elementary and High School). Specifically , we aim to : 1 ) identify reading skills tested in Prova Brazil and in SARESP that rely on textualization mechanisms, ie: linguistic resources relating to textual cohesion and nominal and verbal concordance , 2) develop reading activities that include these textualization mechanisms, commenting on them so they can be used in Portuguese Language classes . It is methodologically based on the concepts of competence and skills Prova Brazil files ( BRAZIL , 2008) and SARESP ( SÃO PAULO , 2009) , the concepts of textual cohesion and nominal and verbal concordance. Aspects of sociolinguistic variation in the nominal and verbal concordance in Brazilian Portuguese language will also be presented, as well as the concept of reading based on the socio-cognitive approach . As a result of this research , 04 skills Prova Brazil and 03 SARESP regarding the textualization mechanism were identified ( 02 from SARESP corresponding to 02 in Prova Brazil ) and reading assignments were prepared that include these mechanisms and may contribute to the development of these skills . This research is part of the observatory project OBSERVATORY / UNITAU 2011-2014 : Skills and Reading Skills : theoretical reflection to the development and implementation of educational and pedagogical proposals No. 23038010000201076 , funded by CAPES / INEP , which has as one of its objectives to elaborate reading activities for Portuguese teaching classes.

Studien avhandlar civil-militära relationer med en teori sprungen ur kontexten inhemsk militär intervention. Forskningsfältets rådande paradigm utmanas av Rebecca L. Schiffs konkordansteori, vilken här prövas i en kvalitativ fallstudie med två empiriska fall ur den svenska kontexten. Brister i den tidigare tillämpningen av konkordansteorin adresseras genom Sveriges unika kombination av historiska, kulturella och sociala förutsättningar. Fallen representerar nutida ytterligheter av det svenska folkets förtroende för Försvarsmakten – bottennoteringen 2008 respektive toppnoteringen 2017 – och har valts i syfte att undersöka hur teorin kan förklara utvecklingen av de civil-militära relationerna i de aktuella fallen. Studiens resultat visar att konkordansteorin är möjlig att applicera i en svensk nutida kontext och att den bidrar med förklaringskraft till utvecklingen i de civil-militära relationerna, men också att den är generaliserbar till fall som delar dess grundläggande karakteristik. / This study focuses on civil-military relations with a theory originated from the context of domestic military intervention. The prevailing paradigms of the research area are challenged by Rebecca L. Schiff's concordance theory. This theory is tested in a qualitative case study with two empirical cases from a Swedish context. Deficiencies in earlier applications of concordance theory are addressed through Sweden's unique combination of historical, cultural and social conditions. These cases represent contemporary extremes of the public’s confidence in the Swedish Armed Forces. The lowest score in 2008 and the top score in 2017, have been selected with the aim of exploring how the theory can explain the development of civil-military relations in these cases. The findings of this study show that concordance theory is applicable in a Swedish contemporary context. It contributes with explanatory power to the development of civil-military relations and it is also generalizable to cases that share its basic characteristics.