We provide a qualitative analysis of resistance to calls for gender-neutral language. We analyzed more than 900 comments responding to two essays—one on AlterNet and another on Vox posted to the Vox editor’s Facebook page—that critiqued a pervasive male-based generic, “you guys.” Five rhetorics of resistance are discussed: appeals to origins, appeals to linguistic authority, appeals to aesthetics, appeals to intentionality and inclusivity, and appeals to women and feminist authorities. These rhetorics justified “you guys” as a nonsexist term, thereby allowing commenters to continue using it without compromising their moral identities as liberals or feminists. In addition to resisting an analysis that linked their use of “you guys” to social harms, commenters positioned the authors who called for true generics as unreasonable, divisive, and authoritarian. We conclude with suggestions for how feminists can challenge the status quo and promote social change.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-05-14T18:36:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO VICTOR FERREIRA RODRIGUES.pdf: 1611762 bytes, checksum: 391bcbc4bb24a98092a5b89ccef9d8ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T18:36:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO VICTOR FERREIRA RODRIGUES.pdf: 1611762 bytes, checksum: 391bcbc4bb24a98092a5b89ccef9d8ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / This research points to the multiple character of Baudelaire's eyes, multiple because he did not consolidate himself only in the lyrical genre, he focused on the tale, the novel, the music, the Plastic Arts, in short, on everything that is touching on art, regardless of the genus. Baudelaire perceived the condition sign wich walks in the interior of the artistic work and began, in the middle of the nineteenth century, an intense critical work. From this critical work translations of the work of Edgar Allan Poe came out and special attention was given to the tale The Man of the Crowd in the Essay The Painter of modern Life. In this essay Baudelaire traces the work of a painter, Monsieur G. (Mr.G), now known by critics, Constantin Guys. In addition to Constantin Guys, two other painters are placed on a par with Constantin Guys and are part of the second chapter because of the transgressive character of their works, transgressor in the sense of not following models so that the production of a work without a soul takes place. The works of art will be approached with the concept of artistic text wich Iuri Lotman (1978) conceptualizes in the book The structure of the artistic text and from the perspective of Julia Kristeva (2012) in the book Introdução à semanálise. Starting from this concept of text as a sign structure, semiotics will be used as a way of reading the object. One of the conclusions of the research was the multiplicity of paths left by these writers and painters, free ways for art to free itself from the bonds of a fixed way of composing. Art began to act on its own, to weave itself into the accompanying theory, and artists began to produce critical works by internalizing the need to be aware of their creative process. / Esta pesquisa aponta para o caráter múltiplo do olhar de Baudelaire, múltiplo pois não se consolidou apenas no gênero lírico, ele se debruçou sobre o conto, o romance, a música, as Artes Plásticas, enfim, sobre tudo o que é tocante à arte, independente do gênero. Baudelaire percebeu a condição de signo que caminha no interior do trabalho artístico e iniciou, em meados do século XIX, um intenso trabalho crítico. Deste trabalho crítico surgiram traduções da obra de Edgar Allan Poe e uma atenção especial foi dada ao conto O homem da multidão no ensaio O Pintor da Vida moderna. Neste ensaio Baudelaire percorre a obra de um pintor, o Monsieur G. (Sr.G), hoje conhecido pela crítica, Constantin Guys. Além de Constantin Guys, outros dois pintores são colocados à altura de Constantin Guys e fazem parte do segundo capítulo pelo caráter transgressor de suas obras, transgressor no sentido de não seguir modelos de modo que ocorra a produção de uma obra sem alma. As obras serão abordadas com o conceito de texto artístico que Iuri Lotman (1978) conceitua no livro A estrutura do texto artístico e sob a perspectiva de Julia Kristeva (2012) no livro Introdução à semanálise. Partindo deste conceito de texto como uma estrutura de signos, a semiótica será utilizada como um modo de leitura do objeto. Uma das conclusões da pesquisa foi a multiplicidade de caminhos deixados por estes escritores e pintores, caminhos livres para que a arte se libertasse das amarras de um modo fixo de compor. A arte passou a agir por si própria, tecer em si mesma a teoria que a acompanha, e os artistas começaram a produzir trabalhos críticos por internalizarem a necessidade de serem conscientes de seu processo criativo.

<p>This examination project examines how masculinity and class affect upper secondary school guys relations towards school and education. The purpose of my project is to expand the understanding of why there is a relation between class, sex and results in studies. The examination is made according to the focusgroup method where two groupinterviews where made. One of the group consist of four guys from a practical upper secondary education and the other consist of four guys from a theoretical upper secondary education. As it shows in the resultchapter the groups also have a different class background.</p><p> </p><p>The result is best understood as a cycle where class strengthen masculinities in different ways, different masculinities have different conditions in the schoolcontext, masculinities and school are factors that strengthen the class differences. In the result I show that both groups have similar view on what to consider masculine, but the guys from the theoretical group point out masculinitie as something negative in opposite to the guys from the practical group. The idea that schoolwork is something unmasculine is clear in the answers from the theoretical group but the same idea can not be found in the answers from the practical group. The attitude towards school and education separates the groups most clearly in the attitude towards university studies. The answers indicate that teachers are one factor to why the attitude towards schoolwork differed so widely between the groups.</p><p> </p><p>In the ending a discussion is held about how school helps to maintain the patriarchy and class differences and how to counteract it.</p>

This examination project examines how masculinity and class affect upper secondary school guys relations towards school and education. The purpose of my project is to expand the understanding of why there is a relation between class, sex and results in studies. The examination is made according to the focusgroup method where two groupinterviews where made. One of the group consist of four guys from a practical upper secondary education and the other consist of four guys from a theoretical upper secondary education. As it shows in the resultchapter the groups also have a different class background.   The result is best understood as a cycle where class strengthen masculinities in different ways, different masculinities have different conditions in the schoolcontext, masculinities and school are factors that strengthen the class differences. In the result I show that both groups have similar view on what to consider masculine, but the guys from the theoretical group point out masculinitie as something negative in opposite to the guys from the practical group. The idea that schoolwork is something unmasculine is clear in the answers from the theoretical group but the same idea can not be found in the answers from the practical group. The attitude towards school and education separates the groups most clearly in the attitude towards university studies. The answers indicate that teachers are one factor to why the attitude towards schoolwork differed so widely between the groups.   In the ending a discussion is held about how school helps to maintain the patriarchy and class differences and how to counteract it.

Disertacijoje sprendžiama telekomunikacinių stiebų efektyvumo problema. Tyrimo objektas – statiškai apkrauti naujos konstrukcijos stiebai su kombinuotomis atotampomis. Darbe išanalizuota šiuolaikinių stiebų konstrukcinės formos ir skaičiavimo metodai. Nagrinėjama sukurta stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis konstrukcija, kurioje vietoj įprastųjų siūloma taikyti kombinuotas atotampas. Disertacijoje šiems stiebams skaičiuoti pateikta inžinerinė skaičiavimo metodika. Pateikti naujo stiebo, veikiamo statinių apkrovų, elgsenos analizės skaitinių ir eksperimentinių laboratorinių tyrimų rezultatai. Stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis kamieno lenkiamiesiems momentams reguliuoti darbe siūloma taikyti parengtą stiebų komponavimo metodiką. Šių stiebų efektyvumui nustatyti pateikti gretinamieji tyrimai su įprastos sandaros stiebais. Disertaciją sudaro bendroji darbo charakteristika, 5 skyriai, pagrindiniai darbo rezultatai ir išvados, literatūros sąrašas. / Тhe dissertation deals with the problem of telecommunication masts efficiency. The subject of research – masts of a new structure with combined guys under static loads. The study deals with constructive forms and analysis methods of up-to-date masts. It analyses into a created structure of the mast, wherein it is suggested to apply combine guys instead of the ordinary ones. Engineering guyed masts with combined guys static analysis method is given this research. The numerical and experimental laboratory assay of a new mast under static loads behaviour is given. It is proposed in the study to apply a worked out composing method of masts with combined guys to control the bending moments of shaft. Compared research results are given to measure efficiency of these masts against masts of an ordinary structure. The dissertation includes a general characteristic of study, five chapters, main results and conclusions, list of references.

Тhe dissertation deals with the problem of telecommunication masts efficiency. The subject of research – masts of a new structure with combined guys under static loads. The study deals with constructive forms and analysis methods of up-to-date masts. It analyses into a created structure of the mast, wherein it is suggested to apply combine guys instead of the ordinary ones. Engineering guyed masts with combined guys static analysis method is given this research. The numerical and experimental laboratory assay of a new mast under static loads behaviour is given. It is proposed in the study to apply a worked out composing method of masts with combined guys to control the bending moments of shaft. Compared research results are given to measure efficiency of these masts against masts of an ordinary structure. The dissertation includes a general characteristic of study, five chapters, main results and conclusions, list of references. / Disertacijoje sprendžiama telekomunikacinių stiebų efektyvumo problema. Tyrimo objektas – statiškai apkrauti naujos konstrukcijos stiebai su kombinuotomis atotampomis. Darbe išanalizuota šiuolaikinių stiebų konstrukcinės formos ir skaičiavimo metodai. Nagrinėjama sukurta stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis konstrukcija, kurioje vietoj įprastųjų siūloma taikyti kombinuotas atotampas. Disertacijoje šiems stiebams skaičiuoti pateikta inžinerinė skaičiavimo metodika. Pateikti naujo stiebo, veikiamo statinių apkrovų, elgsenos analizės skaitinių ir eksperimentinių laboratorinių tyrimų rezultatai. Stiebo su kombinuotomis atotampomis kamieno lenkiamiesiems momentams reguliuoti darbe siūloma taikyti parengtą stiebų komponavimo metodiką. Šių stiebų efektyvumui nustatyti pateikti gretinamieji tyrimai su įprastos sandaros stiebais. Disertaciją sudaro bendroji darbo charakteristika, 5 skyriai, pagrindiniai darbo rezultatai ir išvados, literatūros sąrašas.

My dissertation looks at a pivotal point in the history of the news image (c.1840 to 1860), when wood engraving and steam-powered printing presses transformed the genre into a mass medium that reached hundreds of thousands of readers. Using the format of the monograph and the work of French artist Constantin Guys, I argue that despite the advent of photography and other reproductive visual techniques, drawing formed the backbone of the new authority of the mass-produced news image. To make this case, I locate Guys’s drawings within a wide range of other tactics of transcription that made the printing of text and image possible––including stenography and printing telegraphy––to contextualize the strange persistence of this manual medium within the increasingly mechanized armature of the illustrated newspaper. As a study of the formation of trust in the news image at a moment of momentous technological change, my project identifies a vital origin point for pressing questions related to the truth and objectivity of the news in our contemporary moment, and places mid-nineteenth-century drawing at its center.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T14:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Comunicacao_e_consumo_da_marca_global.pdf: 5484421 bytes, checksum: db4bb31e3ac74a285097e8d0ae28aef7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-19 / Contemporary society, which has been called consumer society, characterized by constant and permanent changes, accelerated by advances in technology. Relations Communication / reception / consumption / identities, a feature of this season, are manifested in society as a whole. It is in this context that this research falls, with the corpus telenovelas Two Face, broadcast on TV Globo (Brazil), and The Other, broadcast by TVI (Portugal), both aired in prime time. Intraficção television advertising (product placement commercial) and mode (consumer) receiver that can be inferred from soap operas will be evaluated and compared in the field, subject to receipt of different socioeconomic levels. We believe that the material and symbolic aspects of goods are intrinsically linked: every product has a meaning assigned to it socially and a concrete face - stant the object itself has no value until it is used socially. This research will seek to understand the process of construction of meaning present in soap operas from the combination material / symbolic / A sociedade contemporânea, que tem sido denominada sociedade de consumo, caracteriza-se pelas constantes e permanentes mudanças, aceleradas pelo avanço da tecnologia. As relações comunicação/ recepção/ consumo/ identidades, uma das características dessa época, estão manifestadas na sociedade como um todo. É neste âmbito que esta pesquisa se insere, tendo como corpus as telenovelas Duas Caras, transmitida pela Rede Globo (Brasil), e A Outra, transmitida pela TVI (Portugal), ambas veiculadas no horário nobre. A publicidade intraficção televisiva (merchandising comercial) e a modalidade de (consumidor) receptor que se pode inferir destas telenovelas serão avaliadas e confrontadas, no campo, com sujeitos da recepção de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos. Consideramos que os aspectos materiais e simbólicos dos bens estão intrinsecamente interligados: todo produto possui um significado que lhe é atribuído socialmente e uma face concreta - o objeto per se stante não possui valor enquanto não for socialmente utilizado. Essa pesquisa procurará compreender o processo de construção de sentidos presentes nas telenovelas a partir da conjunção bens materiais/ simbólicos

Denna studie syftar till att studera hur yrkesverksamma konstruerar sina klienter utifrån kön, med fokus på killar. Dessutom söker vi belysa vilka diskurser som är närvarande i beskrivningarna och diskussionerna kring killarna. Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i socialkonstruktionismen och genusperspektivet. Vi har tagit del av forskning som pekar på att konstruerandet av klienter påverkas av yrkesverksammas uppfattningar kring genus och könsroller. Vi har följt en arbetsgrupp på ett boende för ungdomar och observerat hur de pratat och diskuterat kring killar som är inskrivna på boendet. Studiens empiri består med andra ord av observationer samt en kompletterande fokusgruppintervju. Materialet har därefter analyserats genom diskursanalys. I vår analys har vi identifierat tre diskurser som präglar personalens beskrivningar av killarna: pojkar, killar och grabbar. Dessa skildrar både sättet personalen pratar kring killarna, men även hur de utifrån diskurserna förhåller sig till dem. Pojkar beskrivs ofta som snälla, ”små” och i behov av extra stöd och omsorg. Killar är en mer generell diskurs och fokuserar på det psykiska måendet, känslouttryck och tenderar även att jämställas med tjejer. Diskursen grabbar fokuserar på killarnas problematik och avvikande eller normbrytande beteende. Studiens resultat pekar på att personalens beskrivningar, i kontrast mot vad forskningen pekar på, mer reflekterar konstruktioner av klienter snarare än kön. Konstruktionen bygger snarare på kontext och fokuserar på killarnas beteende, situation och problematik. Konstruerandet av kön är dock närvarande, men är inget primärt som avsevärt påverkar beskrivningarna och framställningen av killarna. Trots att det inte har varit studiens syfte att studera framställningar av tjejer, har vi valt att redovisa samt diskutera de fall där de förekommer. Detta för att ytterligare styrka våra resultat, resonemang och slutsatser. Här har vi kunnat se att inte heller tjejer konstrueras primärt utifrån kön. Vidare har vi kunnat urskilja att tjejerna kan falla under samma diskurser som killarna, vilket pekar på att diskurserna är könsöverskridande. Utifrån diskurserna har vi uppmärksammat att personalens arbets- och förhållningssätt gentemot ungdomarna skiljer sig åt mellan diskurserna. Med detta menas att beroende på hur ungdomarna beskrivs gör att de hamnar inom en viss diskurs och att personalen utifrån detta identifierar behov som ligger till grund för förhållningssättet. / This study aims to explore how professionals construct their clients depending on gender, focusing mainly on males. Furthermore we seek to identify which discourses are present in the staff’s descriptions and discussions regarding the males. The study is based on social constructionism and a gender perspective. Previous research has shown that the construction of clients is influenced by professionals’ view on gender and gender roles. In this study we have followed a group of social workers in a local municipal organization which aims to provide support for young people. We have observed how the staff discusses and talks about male clients. The data collected consists of observations and a complementary focus group interview. The material has been analyzed using discourse analysis. Through the analysis we have identified three discourses that are present in the staff’s descriptions of male clients: boys, guys and blokes. These describe both how the staff talks about male clients and also how they, depending on discourse,relate to and approach them. Boys are often described as nice, “little” and as in need of extra support and care. Guys is a more general discourse which focuses on the males’ psychological wellbeing, their emotions and tends to equate them with girls. The blokes-discourse focuses on the males’ specific problematics and deviant or anti-social behavior. The results of this study indicate that the staff’s descriptions of the males, contrary to what previous research shows, rather reflects constructions of clients than that of gender. This client construction is contextual and primarily based on the behavior, situation and problematic of the males. Gender is, however, still present but more as a secondary factor that has no major effect on the staff’s description and construction of the male clients. Even though the aim of this study hasn’t been to explore this phenomenon for female clients, we have been able to see that the construction of female clients also is non-dependent of gender. We have also observed that females can be derived to the same discourses as males, which indicates that the discourses are not bound by gender. Through these discourses we have discovered that the staff’s approach to their clients differs between the discourses. This means that depending on how the clients are described puts them under a certain discourse. Based on this the staff then identifies needs of the client that in turn affects the staff’s approach to the client.

There is a large number of information security awareness programs (iSAP) found in the literature with multiple approaches. Considering that the number of security breaches performed by insiders is as high as 48%, the effectiveness of such programs is questionable. This leaves a considerable space for external, but also internal criminals, to perform and succeed in their attacks, something that can cause heavy losses (both economical and less tangible as reputation) to organizations. This thesis decided to study some of those iSAP to see their strengths and weaknesses. After studying the approaches in focus for this thesis, and following an inductive research method, a new model to develop iSAP from a holistic point of view was presented. The solution has been aligned with subject matter experts (SME) at “Company X” and with end-users external to that company. The model is now ready to be studied empirically in organizations to evaluate its effectiveness.