Keeping sensitive information private in a public world is a common concern to users of digital credentials. A digital credential may contain sensitive attributes certifying characteristics about its owner. X.509v3, the most widely used certificate standard, includes support for certificate extensions that make it possible to bind multiple attributes to a public key contained in the certificate. This feature, although convenient, potentially exploits the certificate holder's private information contained in the certificate. There are currently no privacy considerations in place to protect the disclosure of attributes in a certificate. This thesis focuses on protecting sensitive credential content during trust negotiation and demonstrates, through design and implementation, the privacy benefits achieved through selective disclosure. Selective disclosure of credential content can be achieved using private attributes, a well-known technique that incorporates bit commitment within digital credentials. This technique has not been thoroughly explored or implemented in any prior work. In this thesis, a protocol for issuing and showing credentials containing private attributes is discussed and suggested as a method for concealing and selectively revealing sensitive attributes bound to credentials during trust negotiation. To demonstrate greater privacy control within a credential-based system, private attributes are incorporated into TrustBuilder, an implementation of trust negotiation. With access control at the attribute level, TrustBuilder gives users greater control over their private information and can improve the success rate of negotiations. TrustBuilder also demonstrates how credentials with private attributes can eliminate risks normally associated with exchanging credentials, such as excessive gathering of information that is not germane to the transaction and inadvertently disclosing the value of a sensitive credential attribute.

Cultural differences have always been the ground to barriers within communication. Due to globalization this is becoming an increasingly important aspect of how business communication is done.  Therefore, there is a need for organizations to have the skillset to deal with the cultural differences that a cross-cultural business environment entails.  To understand the effect of cultural differences in business communication, more specifically the Swedish and the Filipino culture at OnlineFactory.asia, a qualitative research approach was used to conduct a case study. Interviews with two employees were conducted, one of Filipino descent and the other with both Swedish and Filipino roots. The study has followed the structure as can be seen in the frame of reference according to the studies three main subjects: globalization, culture and communication and business communication.    The data gathered through the interviews showed that cultural differences have a significant impact on business communication, as can be seen through the study done at OnlineFactory.asia. The two cultures that were studied differ in cultural values which in turn had an effect on their communication. The Hofstede framework was used to analyze the differences between the two cultures and used as guidance throughout this study. Factors like language barriers, adaptability and cultural values have shown to have an impact on the way that the two employees communicate within business. OnlineFactory.asia’s educational program is a way to use cultural differences and turn them into their competitive advantage. Having an understanding of each other's cultural differences, provides the tool needed to minimize miscommunications that often occur in a cross-cultural workplace.

This master's thesis is devoted to the character of the interaction and negotiation about residential development between the municipality representatives and development companies, the key players in the suburban development. As the geographical area for the research were chosen selected municipalities in north-east hinterland of Prague. The theoretical part summarizes the institutional approach, residential suburbanization, spatial planning and the residential development. The practical part consists of the research itself. It was done as the qualitative analysis of the semi-structured interviews with the municipality representatives and development companies. The interviews are then evaluated on the basis of the theoretical thematic analysis. The interaction between developers and mayors is quite complicated because it represents the conflict of private and public interests. This leads to further negotiations. The character of the interaction and also the negotiations are more or less formed by various circumstances. In this thesis have been distinguished four types of interactions. These types differs in the conditions and requirements determination by the mayors and its fulfillment by the development companies. Keywords: suburbanization, spatial planning, developer, development project,...

ble agreement did not exist due to the involved parties' irreconcilable positions. Two hypoth- eses addressing factors that are exogenous to the negotiations such as the parties' underlying negotiators' pursuits within the Six

This study explores identity negotiation through talk-in-interaction by undergraduate female students at a male dominated study program of Computer and Systems Sciences at Stockholm University. The main aim of this study is to investigate what interactional identities are occupied by the female students in relation to Membership Categorisation Device “Gender”. Theoretical framework that has been developed and used in this study is a combination of Grounded Theory and Membership Categorisation Analysis which is a part of Conversation Analysis developed by Harvey Sacks. The data has been collected through ten semi-structured interviews that have been conducted with undergraduate female students of Computer and Systems Sciences at Stockholm University. The results demonstrate that there are various ways in which the female students negotiate their interactional identity in relation to Membership Categorisation Device “Gender”. The use of Membership Categorisation Device “Gender” is both appropriated and rejected in negotiation of interactional identity. The results of this study might be useful in providing a better understanding of how interactional identity is negotiated by undergraduate female students of Computer and Systems Sciences at Stockholm University. In turn, that might facilitate effort of making gender ratio in male dominated IT-areas more equal. Moreover, the results of this study may contribute to further research on the relationship between gender identity negotiation by women in male dominated IT-areas and the phenomenon of “Gender Paradox”.

Diploma thesis Conflict Resolution in International Relations: The Case Study of Northern Ireland Conflict examines development of the conflict and peace process between the years of 1980 and 2007. A complex concept of conflict analysis by Peter Wallensteen is applied to the case of Northern Ireland. Using the method of process tracing allows for a detailed understanding of the transformation of conflict dynamics from negative to positive. Such a transformation results from behavior and attitudes of individual actors who act positively and in a constructive way. The following actors were identified as the main parties to the conflict: IRA, Northern Ireland political parties - mostly the UUP, DUP, SDLP, and SF - governments of the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. Development of their attitudes and interests is examined with respect to five distinct categories: involvement of independent authorities and/or third parties; ideology and understanding of the main goals; economic conditions; cultural aspects; and the matter of decommissioning. The Northern Ireland case illustrates that the change of behavior eventually led to the transformation of the conflict and its resolution. However, it also illustrates how painfully slow process it was.

Thesis advisor: Kyrah Daniels / Thesis advisor: Gustavo Morello / In many ways, college campuses represent a microcosm of the world where standards of whiteness are upheld and larger societal issues are recreated. Though American Muslim populations expand each year in the United States, few college campuses provide space for African Muslim women to fully express their spirituality and other aspects of their identities without compromise. This thesis examines how African Muslim women navigate belonging and dis-belonging in college. Additionally, it explores how African Muslim women use their triple consciousness to negotiate between their racial, cultural, religious, and gendered identities. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2022. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Departmental Honors. / Discipline: Sociology. / Discipline: African & African Diaspora Studies.

Despite the growing prominence of ‘international contact groups’ in the field of peacemaking, there is little academic attention for such ad hoc informal negotiating groups of third-party states. This study seeks to contribute to this understudied topic by investigating under what conditions contact groups are most likely to achieve negotiation success. Based on the framework of ‘recognition theory’, I argue that respect for each member as equal partner of the negotiating group helps to prevent obstructive behaviour. It is therefore hypothesised that ‘recognition for all members of the contact group enhances the likelihood of reaching agreement on a peacemaking strategy’. This is tested by means of a structured focused comparison in a most-similar cases design, studying two contact groups that operated during the 1999 conflict in Kosovo. I subsequently probe the generalisability of my findings by extending the analysis with a third case of contact group negotiations on Syria in 2012. The empirical findings provide support for the hypothesis and hint at the theory’s relevance in today’s context of increasingly dispersed power and mediation leverage. Nevertheless, further research is needed to establish with greater validity and reliability the effect of recognition and how it relates to other conditions for success.

Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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