published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Philosophy

The purpose of this study was to increase the understanding of how social workers in their work with vulnerable children are related to the work situation and how the work situations affect client work. To conduct the study a qualitative method was used. In total five professional social workers who works with vulnerable children was interviewed. The analyze method in this study was content analysis. The theoretical perspective in this study is human service organizations and the demand and control model. The result in this study shows that it is high strain work situations that have an impact on client work. Social workers are heavily loaded in their work, there are gaps in support from managers and its hard keep experience staff and recruiting new staff with sufficient experience. The result shows lack of resources which leads to at risk that it is not enough staff to take care of serious notifications. The results shows that social workers work situation leads to difficulty in performing work of a high quality and those children are at risk of suffering during the waiting period. / Uppsatsens syfte var att öka förståelsen kring hur socialsekreterare i arbetet med barn och unga förhåller sig till arbetssituationen och hur de anser att den påverkar klientarbetet. I studien användes en kvalitativ metod och sammanlagt genomfördes fem intervjuer med yrkesverksamma socialsekreterare inom socialtjänstens område barn och unga. Innehållsanalys användes som analysmetod. De teoretiska perspektiven i studien är människobehandlande organisationer och krav- och kontrollmodellen. Studiens huvudresultat visar att arbetssituationen har en påverkan på klientarbetet på grund av att det är en påfrestande arbetssituation. Socialsekreterarna är tungt belastade, det finns brister i stöd från chefer samt att det finns svårigheter att behålla erfaren personal och rekrytera ny personal med tillräcklig kompetens. Resultatet visar avsaknad av resurser där det finns en risk att det inte finns tillräckligt med personal för att kunna hantera allvarliga anmälningar. Resultatet visar att socialsekreterarnas arbetssituation leder till svårigheter att utföra arbetet med en hög kvalitet och barn riskerar att fara illa under väntetiden.

The aim of this study was to examine what knowledge social workers express about home visits in child welfare investigations and how they know what to do. Sixteen social workers who work with social investigations concerning children were asked to discuss the topic home visit in three focus group interviews in three different municipalities in southern Sweden. The social workers in our focus group interviews mainly discussed the purpose of the home visit, what social workers do during home visits and furthermore their opinions about guidelines and policy documents regarding the home visit.  To get an understanding of what type of knowledge is the basis for social workers use of the home visit, we used Polanyi's concept of 'tacit knowing' as well as the Aristotelian theory of knowledge containing three forms of knowledge, that is, episteme, techne and fronesis. We found that the displaying of ‘tacit knowing’ was a consistent feature in all groups, as they had difficulty expressing their knowledge use. This may be considered as an effect of their knowledge being deeply incorporated into them as social workers. Our observations also indicate that the social workers mostly use the form of knowledge fronesis which is aimed at the common sense and the practical wisdom. Evidence for this was found in how respondents frequently described how they observe the interpersonal interaction, and that they sense the home's atmosphere to get a picture of the child's situation.

Tyrimas „Įtampos laukai išplėstinėje šeimoje ir galimas socialinio darbuotojo vaidmuo“ analizuoja išplėstinės šeimos narių bendravimo ypatumus, o ypač vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos. Lyginamos jaunos ir brandžios šeimos gyvenimo kartu panašumai ir skirtumai, analizuojamas jų santykis per tradicinės ir modernios šeimų prizmę. Ir darbe aprašoma tiriamųjų nuomonė dėl jų bendravimo su vyresniąja ar jaunesniąja karta, pateikiamos jų bendravimo problemos ar įtampos, ir nurodomi jų sprendimo būdai. Tyrimo tikslas – analizuoti įtampos laukus išplėstinėje šeimoje ir atrasti galimus socialinio darbuotojo vaidmenis. Tyrimo objektas – įtampos laukai išplėstinėje šeimoje. Tyrimo rezultatai: konfliktinės situacijos tarp brandžių ir jaunų šeimų kyla dėl buitinių dalykų. Dauguma jaunų šeimų norėtų gyventi atskirai nuo tėvų, nes gyvenimas kartu jų netenkina, nors tėvai norėtų, kad vaikai gyventų su jais. Vaikai demonstruoja norus ketindami įsigyti gyvenamą plotą. Didesnė dalis vaikų nori, kad tėvai/uošviai jiems nenurodinėtų, kaip tvarkyti finansus ar buitį. Taip pat tėvai labai pasitiki savo vaikų antrosiomis pusėmis. Jaunos ir brandžios šeimos beveik nesinaudoja socialinio darbuotojo paslaugomis norėdami susitaikyti su artimaisiais. Išvados: šeimoje gyvena skirtingų kartų, lyčių, įvairaus išsilavinimo, temperamento, profesinės veiklos žmonės, kurie turi skirtingą patirtį ir šie skirtumai sukelia socialines įtampas beveik visose gyvenimo srityse. Dabar tradicinis šeimos modelis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The research „Tension areas in extended family and possible role of the social worker” is analyzing the intercourse peculiarity of extended family members and especially of the older and younger generation. There are compared a similarities and differences of young and mature families living together and analyzed their relationship through the prism of traditional and modern family. In this project work opinions of the interviewees about their relations with older or younger generations are described, their relation problems or tensions presented and their problem solving methods indicated. The purpose of the research is to analyze the areas of tension in extended family and discover the possible roles of the social worker. The object of the research is tension areas in the extended family. Results of the research: conflict situations between mature and young families are arising because of mode of life. Most of the young families wish to live separately from their parents because they are not satisfied with life together, although parents would like their children to live together with them. Children show their intention to obtain living space. The biggest part of children wish that their parents/parents-in-law do not intend how to put one‘s finance and family life positions. Also parents trust very much their children in law. Young and mature families hardly use services of social workers to reconcile with their relatives. Conclusions: in the family there are living... [to full text]

Lietuvoje ligonių slaugos ir globos politiką formuoja Socialinės apsaugos ir darbo ministerija, bei Sveikatos apsaugos ministerija. Pagrindinė funkcija - socialinės politikos įgyvendinimo, paslaugas ligoniams teikia įstaigos, tiesiogiai pavaldžios miestų savivaldybėms. Slaugos ligoninė yra viena iš stacionarių globos įstaigų, kurios tikslas organizuoti ir teikti palaikomąjį gydymą senyvo amžiaus asmenims su negalia, sunkiai ar nepagydomomis progresuojančiomis ligomis sergantiems asmenims, saugoti ir ginti jų teises bei interesus, užtikrinti kvalifikuotą slaugą, fizinę ir psichologinę reabilitaciją, socialinę integraciją dėl sveikatos būklės laikinai ar visam gyvenimui praradusiems savarankiškumą. Pagrindiniai socialinių paslaugų teikėjai ilgalaikėje stacionarioje globos ir slaugos įstaigoje socialiniai darbuotojai, kurie ne tik teikia paslaugas, bet patys yra šių paslaugų organizatoriai bei koordinatoriai. Dirbant socialinį darbą yra aktualu žinoti ar šios paslaugos yra kokybiškos, ar pilnai jos tenkina pacientų poreikius. Darbo tiriamasis objektas – socialinių paslaugų organizavimo slaugos ligoninėje ypatumai. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti socialinių paslaugų organizavimo slaugos ligoninėje ypatumus. Uždaviniai: 1. Atskleisti palaikomojo gydymo ir slaugos įstaigų paskirtį šiuolaikinėje sveikatos ir socialinių paslaugų sistemose. 2. Aptarti palaikomojo gydymo ir slaugos ligoninėje teikiamų socialinių paslaugų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The policy of patients’ care and protection in Lithuania are formed by The Ministry of Social security and labor and The Ministry of health of the Republic of Lithuania. The main function – the implementation of social policy, the services for patients are given at the institutions that are under control of municipalities. The hospice is one of the stationary care institutions that purpose is to organize and give the supportive treatment for elderly disabled people, persons having heavy or incurable progressive diseases, to protect and defend their rights and interests, to assure the qualified care, physical and psychological rehabilitation, social integration for persons who temporary or for life have lost self-sufficiency because of state of health. The main givers of social services in the long-time stationary institution of protection and care are the social workers, who not only give the services, but themselves are the organizers and coordinators of these services. In the social work it is relevant to know are these services given qualitatively and do they completely meet the needs of patients. The investigative object of work – the peculiarities of organization of social services at the hospice. The purpose of work – to analyze the peculiarities of organization of social services at the hospice. Goals: 1. To display the destination of supportive treatment and care institutions in the modern systems of health and social services. ... [to full text]

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1971.

Social work is one of the newest profession activities (into the register of professions was entered in 2005 year) in Lithuania. Changes that are going on in society motivate the social workers to search for the partners, work in team with other institutions so that the societies would solve the problems that arise. It is very important to coordinate theoretical knowledge with practise, because it is impossible without theoretical knowledge to stimulate development changes of social work, especially in the area of social services. The clients request not only for the quality full services, but also for the polite behaviour, which is not possible to reach without a high professional level. Aim of the work is to analyze presumptions and possibilities of qualification development of social workers. Tasks of the research: 1. To describe specifics of profession of social work, 2. To discuss about the presumptions of qualification development of social workers, 3. To reveal legal, organizational and individual possibilities of qualification development of social workers, 4. To analyze presumptions and possibilities of social development of social workers, who work in territory of Utena district? The theoretical part of the work deals with specificity of a social work profession (history of social work rise, connection between theory and practise, development in Lithuania). There are discussed presumptions of qualification development of social workers (demands of informative... [to full text]

Daiva Kalinauskaitė In the latest decades of the last century seeking rational use of finance, estimation of efficiency has become firmly established and the means of private activity efficiency and management have been put into practice. The decentralization of structure and self-government are indispensable means for perfection of management, discipline and control. Actually, it is measuring of the results of work and quality and determination of clear aims for organization units and individuals. The new public management witnesses the improvement of organizational power – “culture” and behavior but not mechanisms of organization or system are becoming the object of method estimation. Evaluation is becoming human behavior more and more in organizations, but not the way of control of organization behavior. Putting into practice human supply management methods, such as payment according results, the evaluation and certification of personnel, changes motivation, culture and regulations of the workers. It is very important for market now that the workers of budgetary and not governmental organizations would have equivalent conditions in order to avoid changing and demotivation. A research was carried out, the aim of which was to reveal the peculiarities of social workers’ motivation. In public sector stimulation system is regulated according to the laws; a more versatile stimulating system of not governmental sector gives a bigger efficiency of institutions and the... [to full text]

Šiandieninėje visuomenėje vienas iš esminių modernios, besimokančios organizacijos bruožų yra komandinis darbas. Komandinis darbas populiarus daugelyje veiklos sričių ir įgija vis didesnę vertę. Organizacija gali efektyviai veikti ir siekti tikslų, tik subūrusi puikiai veikiančią komandą. Tačiau tai yra sudėtingas, išmanymo ir žinių reikalaujantis darbas. Socialiniai darbuotojai vieni iš daugelio, kurie priklauso įvairioms darbo komandoms. Šio darbo tikslas įvertinti socialinių darbuotojų požiūrį į komandinį darbą. Pirmoje darbo dalyje pateikiamas socialinio darbuotojo profesinės veiklos apibrėžimas ir reglamentavimas. Antroje darbo dalyje apžvelgiamas komandinis darbas kaip strategija. Atlikus tyrimą paaiškėjo, kad dauguma socialinių darbuotojų teigiamai vertina komandinį darbą, tačiau dar nėra išsiugdę pakankamos jo kompetencijos. Organizacijose, dirbančiose pagal komandinio darbo principus, vyrauja palanki darbo aplinka ir draugiški santykiai, bet socialiniams darbuotojams tenka per didelis darbo krūvis ir atsakomybė, ne visi susipažinę su komandinio darbo principais. Socialinių darbuotojų komandinio darbo ir veiklos ypatumai, priklauso nuo jų amžiaus, darbo stažo ir asmeninių savybių. Žinių apie komandinį darbą, respondentai norėtų įsigyti kvalifikacijos tobulinimo kursuose. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos praktinės rekomendacijos socialinio darbuotojo veiklai komandoje tobulinti, kurios turėtų padėti išsiugdyti pakankamas komandinio darbo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In modern society one of the main features of developing organisation is teamwork. Teamwork is popular among different fields of activity and it is becoming more and more valuable. Only having formend the team which works perfectly organization is able to work effectibely and reach its aims. However, this is complicated, requiring knoledge ands skills work. Social workers are the ones, who helong to varions teams. The aim of this work is to evaluate the social workers attitude towards teamwork. In the first part of this work there is the definition and description of professional activity. In the second part of this work the teamwork as a strategy is analyzed. After the research it became clear that most social workers evaluate this positively, but they still feel the lack of competence. Organizations, which have been working following the principles of teamwork have favourable working atmosfere and warm relations, although social workers suffer from overwork and responsibility, also not everyone is acquainted with the principles of teamwork. The character of social workers teamwork depends on their age, work experience and personal characteristics. The respondents would like to gain knowledge by going to qualification improvement courses. In the end of this work practical recommendations to improve teamwork are given. These recommendations should help in developing sufficient teamwork competences .

Lietuvoje socialiniai darbuotojai yra rengiami nuo 1991- 1992 metu. Lenkijoje H. Radlinska ( 1879- 1954) yra socialinio darbo pradininkė, kuri 1925 metais įkūrė pirmąją aukštąją mokyklą ruošianti profesionalius socialinius darbuotojus. Socialinio darbo specialistų rengimo tema nėra nauja. Tačiau apie socialinių darbuotojų rengimą Lenkijoje, mūsų bibliotekose labai sunku rasti medžiagos. Šio darbo tikslas- atskleisti Lietuvos ir Lenkijos socialinių darbuotojų rengimo bendrybės ir skirtybės magistro lygmeniu. Siekiant tikslo buvo išnagrinėti socialinių darbuotojų rengimo Lietuvoje ir Lenkijoje raidos ypatumai, apžvelgti ir palyginti universitetų socialinio darbo magistrantūros studijų programos Lenkijoje ir Lietuvoje, parengtos rekomendacijos Lietuvos magistrantūros studijų programoms. Socialinio darbo specialistai šiandien yra labai reikalingi, nes kiek egzistuoja žmogus, teik jis susiduria su socialinėmis problemomis. / Social workers in Lithuania have been trained since 1991-1992. In Poland H.Radlinska initiated foundation of the first higher education school which would prepare professional social workers in 1925. H.Radlinska is an originator of the social work in Poland. Social work is a new booming sphere of activity the main goal of which is to support those members of our society who have encountered economic, social, psychological and other difficulties. Acquired knowledge in social work is one of the three keystones that enable to perform one`s duties with full competence. Training of the social workers is not a new theme, but it is very complicated in Lithuania to find out some information about social workers` training in Poland. So the goal of this M.A. thesis is to display similarities and differences of social workers` training in Lithuania and Poland. In order to obtain the goal, history of the social workers` training in Lithuania and Poland was studied and programs of master studies in both countries were compared. Term of the studies both in Lithuania and Poland is two years. In Lithuania, as well as in Poland, the students have to collect 80 credit points. In Lithuania master studies for social workers consist of common and elective subjects; in Poland- of compulsory and elective subjects respectively. The students in both countries have to prepare and defend their M.A. theses. Although the programs of the studies are different, social work is a professional job... [to full text]