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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

我國公司法臨時管理人之實務觀察及法制研究 / An Observation of Judicial Practice and Legal Study on Temporary Manager of Company Act in Taiwan

謝珮汝 Unknown Date (has links)
公司法之臨時管理人制度係為因應董事會無法行使職權,將致公司有受損害之虞,考量股東權益之保障以及交易秩序之維護,由司法機關介入,為公司選任臨時管理人,以暫時代行董事會及董事長職權。然在實務運作面上,臨時管理人除了作為董事缺位、公司內部因股權結構或董事派別因素所致無法決定事務等困境之解決手段外,尚有藉由選任臨時管理人以遂行法律或訴訟程序,或在公司經營權爭奪之時作為穩定局勢之用,亦有將之視為拯救董事會嚴重瀆職之方式。另一方面,在構成要件之解釋上,則多以該規定之立法說明為依歸。惟細究臨時管理人制度,其本質為司法介入公司自治領域,故在適用前提上應更為審慎。 本文以美國模式作為我國選任臨時管理人之實質要件與權限責任的參考對象,將股東自治可能性視為現行法下是否適用臨時管理人制度之重要前提。具體類型則包括股東僵局、董事僵局以及董事遭禁止行使職權之定暫時狀態假處分等「董事會不能行使職權」之事由;至於「董事會不為行使職權」之事由,則需考量我國臨時管理人之制度功能有無包括債務清理、重建功能,以及選任臨時管理人之同時是否將與現任董事間造成權限重疊問題。此外,就「致公司有受損害之虞」之要件,本文嘗試提出幾項判準茲以適用。至於臨時管理人之權限,基於其暫時性代行職權之性質,應作目的性限縮解釋,相對地,就其義務及責任內容亦應有所調整。 末以,我國公司法臨時管理人制度之規範不足,相關之修正聲浪未曾停歇。本文建議加入股東自治可能之選任要件,並賦予法院裁定准許臨時管理人採取打破公司僵局或防止公司受損等必要行為之權限,同時將臨時管理人之地位明文化,並規範其對公司、第三人所應負之責任程度。此外,尚將其報酬請求權之基礎及決定方式一併明定,最後,關於解任臨時管理人之程序及效力,則依董事會是否得以行使職權分別提出立法建議。
2

我國智財訴訟假處分制度及企業因應策略

謝采薇, Hsieh, Kelly Unknown Date (has links)
隨知識經濟發展,有關智慧財產權之管理與對因智慧財產權所衍生之訴訟紛爭因應之道,對企業越來越重要。因大企業多利用我國民事訴訟保全程序中假處分程序較提起本案訴訟所需支出之程序費用較低,取得定暫時狀態假處分之時間較本案訴訟耗費冗長之審理時間迅速,加上我國法律准許原告得提供擔保金代替聲請假處分需提出之事實與理由,導致大企業可挾雄厚財力於提請侵權訴訟之前,提供高額擔保金向法院聲請對競爭對手核發定暫時狀態假處分之裁定,故我國現行智財訴訟定暫時狀態假處分制度遭批評成為大企業用來對付新興中小企業競爭對手之手段。 有鑒於智慧財產案件與一般訴訟案件性質不同,著重承審法官須具備法律以外專門知識與技術知識,且因我國司法採取公私法二元化審判權區分,始同一智慧財產權紛爭案件可提起民事、刑事及行政訴訟程序,產生訴訟程序遲滯、裁判矛盾等問題,加上現行假處分制度有上述缺失。我國研擬智慧財產法院組織法、智慧財產案件審理法,並決定明年3月成立智慧財產專責法院,統一審理智慧財產案件,因此新制實行後能否徹底解決現行諸多缺失,亦係企業十分關心之議題。 隨台灣企業於國際間代工獲利增長、面板產業、資訊科技產業快速成長發展,外國擁有相關技術智慧財產權之大廠,紛紛對台灣企業於美國涉嫌侵權行為提起訴訟,獲取洽談授權金或和解金、賠償金之利益。因國外大廠於提起智慧財產侵權訴訟之際,均會依假處分規定,聲請法院下裁定禁止涉嫌侵權之企業繼續為生產、銷售及進口等行為,使台灣企業無法繼續生產商品銷售至美國,受有商機、商譽等重大損失。且台灣企業於美國侵權訴訟程序需耗費巨額訴訟費用及冗長之訴訟程序進行,台灣現行並無訴訟保險制度,無法將面臨智慧財產侵權訴訟須支出之費用藉由保險制度分散風險,故台灣企業面臨智慧財產權利人提起假處分或侵權訴訟時,應採取何種因應措施與訴訟策略,平時對其所有之智慧財產權應為如何管理,均係相當重要之議題。 *關鍵字:定暫時狀態假處分、擔保金、智慧財產法院、訴訟保險、智慧財產權管理、訴訟策略 / In today's knowledge-based economy, management of intellectual property rights is more important and litigation arising out of disputes about intellectual property rights is more than ever among transnational companies. In light of the lengthy procedure of litigation, companies often take advantage of the preliminary injunction system in Taiwan before filing a lawsuit, especially in cases of disputes about intellectual property rights. An applicant of a preliminary injunction is allowed to provide a security bond in lieu of explaining in detail the merit of its lawsuit and can obtain a preliminary injunction issued by the court within a relatively short period of time before the final judgment has been rendered. Consequently, the preliminary-injunction system has been criticized for its shortage in protecting the counterparty's legitimate interest. Because the current preliminary-injunction system has the above-mentioned disadvantages, and the litigation in connection with intellectual property rights differs from the ordinary litigation, i.e. the judges must have certain engineering or scientific knowledge in addition to the understanding of the legal system. Furthermore, our country adopts the "dual system" in terms of jurisdiction, i.e. there might be criminal, administrative, and civil litigations simultaneously arising out of the same intellectual-property disputes, which results in delay and contradictions among the judgments in relation to the same disputes. In view of the above, the Judicial Yuan drafts the "The Act for Establishing the Specialized Intellectual Property Court" and "The Code for Hearing Procedures Concerning Intellectual Property Disputes", and plans to launch the Specialized Intellectual Property Court by March 2007 to be in sole charge of the hearing of intellectual-property cases. Therefore, whether the new system adopted by the Judicial Yuan can resolve the aforementioned shortcoming is the major source of concern for the industries. Owing to the increase in the profits sustained by Taiwan companies when performing their OEM services, and the rapid growth of Taiwan's TFT-LCD and IT industries, foreign companies owning the intellectual property rights in relevant technologies in droves file lawsuits against Taiwan companies in the United States, in order to gain advantages when negotiating royalties or compensation with Taiwan companies. When foreign companies file lawsuits, it is a trend to also apply for preliminary injunction with the court to forbid the infringing companies continuing manufacturing, selling, or importing the products. Thus Taiwan companies cannot proceed to sell the products to the United States and incur huge losses in commercial opportunities and reputation. In addition, litigation in the United States will cost Taiwan companies notable expenditure, and make Taiwan companies endure lengthy procedures. Nonetheless, as currently there is no litigation insurance in Taiwan, Taiwan companies cannot shift the risks in disbursing the litigation expenditure by means of insurance. Accordingly, the management of intellectual property rights in "peacetime", and the measures and litigation strategy for the lawsuits or preliminary injunction filed/applied by the owner of the intellectual property rights, are crucial to Taiwan companies. *Keywords:Preliminary injunction、Security Bond、The Specialized Intellectual Property Court、Litigation insurance、the management of intellectual property、the strategy of litigation
3

敵意併購下防禦措施之問題研究-以毒藥丸之規範為中心- / A study of hostile takeover defensive Tactics- Focusing on the regulations in poison pills

楊峻宇 Unknown Date (has links)
當併購行為未經目標公司之經營階層同意時,目標公司之經營階層,是否得採取對抗敵意併購之防禦措施?由於經營階層在採取防禦措施並成功排除敵意併購下,將產生確保自身經營權之效果。從而,防禦措施之採取恐有涉及其自身之利害關係,是否得以任意採取防禦措施即生疑義。再者,防禦措施之採用,涉及該項措施相關領域之基礎規範,包括法律及行政命令之範疇,此等規範之內容,亦有釐清之必要。此外,縱使符合防禦措施所涉及各該相關法律領域之基礎規範,針對於防禦措施之適用本身,是否可能發展出不同於基礎規範之內容,包括防禦措施所應有之適當程序與規制內容。本文試圖對此作等問題,整理相關學說及實務見解,並提出個人之淺見。 本文共分為七章,分別闡述題目所涉及之若干議題。第一章為「緒論」,說明研究之基本理念與架構。第二章為敵意併購之概說,首先本文先對敵意併購之意義作一界定與說明,其次介紹敵意併購之類型,包括所謂有害企業價值之相關敵意併購類型。再者說明敵意併購與防禦措施之關聯,董事會於敵意併購發生時,是否應具有中立之義務,亦或得基於保護全體股東之利益而積極採取防禦措施,值得加以說明。此外,本文將一一介紹常見防禦措施之內容,其類型包括預防性之防禦措施與臨時性之防禦措施,並分析此二類防禦措施區分之實益。 第三章為防禦措施之妥當性問題。敵意併購關於不同當事人間之利益狀態,包括經營者與股東間、收購者與目標公司股東間,以及目標公司股東與利害關係人間之利害狀態等,實影響法律對於防禦措施規範之立場,宜先予分析。其次,分別介紹英國、歐盟、美國、日本,以及我國法制上對防禦措施規範之處理態度。 最後,整理我國學者在立法論上之意見及提出本文之淺見。 第四章為防禦措施於我國法下之可行性。本文將一一分析,於第二章所介紹外國所常出現之防禦措施,於我國法制下適用之可行性,包括黃金股、多數表決權特別股、黃金降落傘、銀降落傘、錫降落傘、白馬侍從、期限利益或授權之喪失、改變公司資本結構、鯊魚驅逐、員工持股計畫、白馬騎士、小精靈防衛戰、支付綠色郵件之贖金、目標公司買回股份,以及阻止或延緩股東會之召開等防禦措施。此外,我國實務於經營權爭奪上常見之定暫時狀態假處分,其意義與法制規範之內容,本文亦作一介紹,並分析其適用於公司經營權爭奪之運作情況。 第五章為日本法上毒藥丸之適用。日本過去因其特殊之交叉持股結構,及股東對公司之忠誠度遠高於歐美之故,敵意併購之發展未如美國,然而近年來日本亦開始出現敵意併購,同時發展出日式毒藥丸之運用,實值得作為我國之參考。首先,本文介紹日本法上關於新股預約權之意義及其相關之規範。其次,日本近年來所發生之三件對抗敵意併購之案件,包括日本放送事件、ニレコ(NIRECO)事件以及ブルドックソース(BULL-DOG SAUCE)事件,本文亦將一一介紹其事實之經過,並分析日本法院之見解。 第六章為毒藥丸於我國防禦措施之適用。毒藥丸為防禦措施中,最為傳統且典型之防禦措施,毒藥丸於我國法下適用之可行性,值得詳加琢磨。首先本文介紹認股權所呈現之各種型態,包括員工認股權憑證、認股權憑證、附認股權特別股、附認股權公司債、可轉換公司債等,並說明其於我國法下之規範內容。其次再進一步分析此等認股權型態之內容於我國作為防禦措施之可行性。 第七章為本文之結論。本文試圖提出防禦措施之妥當規範所應有之適當程序與內容,並分析於我國法下之運用,以作為本文之結論。

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