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烘培業廠務管理資訊系統之建立以個案公司為例 / The process of building producing Management Information System of Baking - by case company王友讓, Wang, Yue-Lang Unknown Date (has links)
生產管理是烘焙業經營的核心功能,生產主管於日常運作中管理之主要項目為1. 技術資訊管理2. 物料需求及存貨管理3. 進度控制管理4. 成本管理5. 製程安排管理。以西點麵包單店之管理角度言之,1. 配方表2. 製作技術3. 製程安排4. 生產成本5. 原物料管理為其最關心事。
個人電腦在台灣已經被普遍運用,以電腦處理資訊是必然趨勢,烘焙業中之連鎖店,因其規模經濟可引進電腦化,一般街坊為數甚多之西點麵包店,則仍沿襲「老闆-伙計」之管理方式,又因投資效益及經營者能力問題,雖知電腦之運用可幫助管理之進步,但是連標準化作業之建立皆屬不易,更不論電腦化之提昇。
本文主要之目的,即以經營西點麵包店之實務管理經驗,運用目前普遍使用之EXCEL軟體,於個人電腦建立廠務管理資訊系統,以提供西點麵包店業者1. 標準建立2. 管理輔助之管理工具。
本研究結果顯示;麵包店可經由標準化、電腦化的管理過程,提昇經營的效益,除了利潤成果外更可因顧客滿意而建立永續經營的基礎。
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探討標準化偏斜Student-t分配關聯結構模型之抵押債務債券之評價 / Pricing CDOs with Standardized Skew Student-t Distribution Copula Model黃于騰, Huang, Yu Teng Unknown Date (has links)
在市場上最常被用來評價抵押債務債券(Collateralized Debt Obligation, CDO)的分析方法即為應用大樣本同質性資產組合(Large Homogeneous Portfolio, LHP)假設之單因子關聯結構模型(One Factor Copula Model)。由過去文獻指出,自2008年起,抵押債務債券的商品結構已漸漸出現改變,而目前所延伸之各種單因子關聯結構模型在新型商品的評價結果中皆仍有改善空間。
在本文中使用標準化偏斜Student-t分配(Standardized Skew Student-t distribution, SSTD)取代傳統的高斯分配進行抵押債務債券之分券的評價,此分配擁有控制分配偏態與峰態的參數。但是與Student-t分配相同,SSTD同樣不具備穩定的摺積(convolution)性質,因此在評價過程中會額外消耗部分時間。而在實證分析中,以單因子SSTD關聯結構模型評價擔保債務債券新型商品之分券時得到了較佳的結果,並且比單因子高斯關聯結構模型擁有更多參數以符合實際需求。 / The most widely used method for pricing collateralized debt obligation(CDO) is the one factor copula model with Large Homogeneous Portfolio assumption. Based on the literature of discussing, the structure of CDO had been changed gradually since 2008. The effects for pricing new type CDO tranches in the current extended one factor copula models are still improvable.
In this article, we substitute the Gaussian distribution with the Standardized Skew Student-t distribution(SSTD) for pricing CDO tranches, and it has the features of heavy-tail and skewness. However, similar to the Student-t distribution, the SSTD is not stable under convolution as well. For this reason, it takes extra time in the pricing process. The empirical analysis shows that the one factor SSTD copula model has a good effect for pricing new type CDO tranches, and furthermore it brings more flexibility to the one factor Gaussian copula model.
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イタリアの<言語問題> / Questione della linqua in Italy / イタリア ノ ゲンゴ モンダイ糟谷, 啓介, Kasuya, Keisuke January 1985 (has links)
博士課程単位取得論文(社会学研究科) / 2冊 / 一橋大学
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企業間分業とイノベーション・システムの組織化:日本自動車産業のサステナビリティ考察佐伯, 靖雄 24 November 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(経済学) / 乙第13059号 / 論経博第394号 / 新制||経||280(附属図書館) / 立命館大学大学院経営学研究科 / (主査)教授 塩地 洋, 教授 椙山 泰生, 准教授 田中 彰 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DGAM
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標準制定組織之智慧財產保護政策及競爭法問題探討 / A Study on Intellectual Property Protection Strategies and Antitrust Issues of Standard-Setting Organizations湯亦敏, Tang, Yi-min Unknown Date (has links)
「沒有標準化就沒有現代經濟。」在知識經濟時代,掌握制定規則權力者,就占有主宰市場的領導地位。由於絕大多數標準係由政府或私人組織所制定,因此,研究標準制定組織具有重要意義。此外,觀察當代立法趨勢,政府以採訂私人組織或非政府組織所擬定之產業標準的方式,擴增其管制功能,在此潮流下,採訂私人草撰標準成為法律規範一環,此舉一方面可能形成授權立法之漏洞,另一方面將迫使個人暴露於著作權侵權行為之刑事、民事以及行政制裁大帽。同時,政府將產品標準及認證之工作委由產業協會等私人組織承擔亦成主流,該項¬「公益性」作業即可能成為事實標準制定者用來限制競爭、不當逐利的手段。
本文便以上述爭議問題為出發點,討論標準制定組織所擬定之標準,特別是經過政府機關以法律規範形式採用後,是否仍該當著作權的保護客體?並將研究延伸到網路產業中標準著作權保護的適當性問題,以及針對標準這類事實編輯物的資料庫保護進行分析;其次,本文將針對一國之產業標準制定組織為研究重心,探討例如標準制定與認證中的限制競爭及獨占管制的法律問題,以及隱然成為事實標準的市場領導者涉及智慧財產權的拒絕交易紛爭等課題。然而,針對上述命題的前提要件是對標準的概念與應用有相當之瞭解,以導入標準制定組織之運作、不同層級標準制定過程之影響及其所涉及之智慧財產爭議問題研究。因此,本文將對國家標準以及行業標準制定及運用過程所涉及之著作權及競爭法問題作深入且廣泛之瞭解,以此為基礎,分析各層級標準制定體系的規範內涵,繼而詮釋一國保護行業標準之著作權與競爭法之法律規定;並提出建言作為我國標準化體系之發展、參與國際標準制定活動、標準著作權保護分析架構、事實編輯物(資料庫)保護模式、競爭法對標準與認證活動之適用以及切入拒絕交易案件等之參考。 / In a knowledge-based economy, whoever dominates rules-developing overpowers the market. Most of the standards are set by the government and private organizations; therefore, a study on standard-setting organizations is of essential value. The Government leverages its regulatory function by adopting law standards promulgated and copyrighted by non-governmental actors. Despite governmental ambitions, no one is responsible for evaluating the legitimacy of this approach ex ante and no framework exists to facilitate analysis. On the other hand, standard-developing and conformity assessment increasingly falls on the shoulders of industry associations and lead to impartiality concerns from the antitrust law perspective.
Regarding standards that are generated and controlled by private actors exposing citizens to criminal, civil and administrative sanctions, this paper contributes an analytical framework and proposes institutional mechanisms to implement it in terms of copyright. This paper extends by questioning if copyright would be an appropriate form to protect standards in the Internet industry. Then, it explores ways to protect compilation of facts and databases once they are de facto standards. Following the antitrust concerns, this paper focuses on industry standard-setting organizations within a specific territory to explore the antitrust and unfair competition problems confronting the role of the de facto standard-setters or the certification performers and the refusal to deal involving intellectual property issues.
As foundations, this paper initiates by a detailed study of concepts and applications surrounding standardization; then, it leads to how a standards is produced, how standard-developing organizations in various levels affect the market, and how the intellectual property problems involves in standardization. In conclusion, based upon in-depth coverage of copyright and antitrust predicaments facing applications of national standards and industry standards, this paper interprets how copyright and antitrust laws work to protect business standards. At the same time, it delivers suggestions for the development of our standardization system, involvement of international standard-setting activities, an analytical framework for standards in copyright, protection for compilation of facts and databases, and how antitrust laws works when it comes to non-governmental standard-setting actors.
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