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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

咫尺天涯:大陸80後與台灣人的社會接觸 / So near and yet so far: social contacts between the post-80 Chinese and Taiwanese

蔡宜靜 Unknown Date (has links)
兩岸自開放以來,對於交流政策及相關議題,始終爭論不休。為何大陸方面積極邀訪台灣人士,希望「寄希望於台灣人民」,而台灣內部則有諸多疑慮?兩者的考量實為同一出發點,即接觸和交流勢必改變雙方對彼此的態度及立場,不得不慎。若兩岸問題是一長久戰,是雙贏還是兩敗俱傷就必須時刻檢視合作戰略。因此,本研究旨在透過對中國大陸80後新生代白領族群與台灣人的社會互動觀察,來檢視兩岸緊密而頻繁的交流及接觸,是否對兩岸和平發展有實質上的幫助,軟化兩方對立態度,幫助建立理解及互信機制;抑或是白忙一場,在雙方不斷釋出利多的情形下,不僅沒有從根本解決兩岸根深蒂固的認同差異,反引發更大的不理解和厭惡感,實為本研究計畫欲探究的問題。   研究結果發現隨著兩岸交流擴大,中國大陸的80世代對台的接觸管道也更加多元。但從江澤民時期一直到胡錦濤世代,中國都未改變一個中國的兩岸關係原則,加上大陸80世代獨特的成長背景和發展軌跡,相較於前幾世代所強調的政治正確態度,大陸80後的黨國意識相對淡薄,尤以畢業於名牌高校的大陸80後白領,更是將生活重心和關注焦點放在追求利益的務實道路上。這些都使得其對台態度產生變化,大部分的大陸80後白領除了對中國本土的政治感到漠然,對於爭論不休的台灣統獨問題更是有些意興闌珊。政治問題的擱置和無奈,也使他們對於台灣產生一種文化上的情感投射,更多地認同台灣方面對中華文化的保存和其他的合作機會。可以說是從一個中國的強硬態度轉變成一條務實且相對友好的道路發展。   透過長期交流,雖能拉近距離,但對於政治態度的改變仍是徒勞。從想像建構逐步親身接觸台灣人文歷史,都讓大陸80世代對台灣有了更多的認識與喜愛。而不同程度的接觸經驗確實產生不同的交流成果,但是透過質性調查發現,接觸的關鍵並不在相處的時間長短,而在建立在某些制約條件上。換言之,若無法達到某些關鍵前提條件,兩岸的交流經驗不論如何頻密,都無法從根本消弭差距和隔閡。另外,中國大陸與台灣二十年來不同的發展道路或制度上的差別,讓兩岸心理在根本產生落差。在不同的世界觀和價值觀之下,兩岸隔閡仍難補平。
2

知識工作者與組織績效關聯性之研究 / The Relationship between Knowledge Workers and Firm Performance

翁淑雅, Shu-Ya Weng Unknown Date (has links)
本研究透過行政院主計處民國八十年製造業抽樣調查資料庫,探討台灣地區大型企業與中小企業在不同產業(非金屬製品業、金屬製品業及電力電子業)下知識工作者與組織績效之關聯性,並針對知識工作者之性別與組織績效的關聯性進行探索性的研究。 本研究在知識工作者與組織績效的關聯性部分,根據文獻資料提出了二個假設,其分別為: 假設1:知識工作者占全體員工的比例與組織績效呈正相關。 假設2:在製造業,專門技術人員占全體員工的比例與組織績效呈正相關。 而資料驗證的結果得知: 1. 知識工作者與組織績效的關係,在金屬製品業的中小企業及非金屬製品業的大型企業皆呈顯著的負相關,而根據進一步的瞭解,此與組織的年齡及規模有關。 2. 在組織擁有較多知識的專門技術人員,其與組織績效的關係只有在電力電子業的大型企業中呈現顯著之正相關,此應與該產業的技術需求性及對研發的投入程度有關。 而在知識工作者的性別與組織績效的探索性研究上,其研究結果有部份呈現顯著,有部份則否,至於為何會有這樣之結果,在本研究中並未進行更深入的探討,相信後續學者在從事相關之研究時,應能有更深入的解說。 / The Two primary purposes of this study is: firstly discussing the relationship between the knowledge workers and the firm performance under different firm size and industries through the database that was constructed using sampling survey by the auditing department of Executive Yuan in 1991; secondly, conducting exploratory research to study correlation between the gender of knowledge workers and the firm performance. This study proposed two hypotheses regarding the correlation between knowledge workers and firm performance based on the existing literature: Ø Hypothesis one: Positive correlation exists between the proportion of knowledge workers and the firm performance. Ø Hypothesis two: Positive correlation exists between the proportion of technical experts and the firm performance in the manufacturing industry. The results of this research revealed that: 1. There is a negative correlation exists between the knowledge workers and the firm performance in small- and medium-scaled companies of the metal products industry. Further analysis showed that the above finding could be related to the age and the scale of the company. 2. An organization that has technical experts with more knowledge could achieve better performance. However, this positive correlation is mostly statistically significant only in the companies with larger scale in the electronic industry. The requirement of advance technology and the degree of investment in R&D could partly explain this finding. The exploratory study on the correlation between the gender of knowledge workers and the firm performance present partly significant results and some results were not. Further discussion is not included in the study to offer explanation for the above observation. Hopefully, other researchers could conduct more detailed study regarding this aspect in the future.
3

上海白領青年消費前衛之社區參與研究:城市青年與農村青年比較 / the relationships between the vanguard of consumer and the participation in community affairs of the young middle class in shanghai: a comparative study of urban and rural youth.

廖筱縈, Liao,Hsiao Ying Unknown Date (has links)
本研究之問題意識為消費主義與公共事務涉入之關係。藉由消費主義轉化公共事務涉入的相關論點,分析中國大陸城鄉白領青年在感染相異消費主義的程度後,進而解釋他們對公共事務涉入的態度和行為;透過此,以闡述中國大陸兼蓄併存的城市消費個人主義與農村集體主義的價值體系差異。 研究發現,消費主義的確抑制個人對公共事務涉入的程度。其中,透過本文假說進而涵蓋三組不同層次的意義:首先,城市白領青年高感染消費主義,因此對城市公共事務涉入消極;其次,農村白領青年低感染消費主義,致使對農村公共事務涉入積極熱情;第三,農村白領青年低感染消費主義,但因非我家園之故,導致他們疏離城市公共事務的涉入。 城市白領青年對公共事務低涉入的原因體現在生活即消費的個人本位思想,並藉追求與他者的品位區隔和消費符號以突顯自我,致使他們對經濟穩定的現狀有著較高需求,因此不會出現反抗、異議或關於改變政治情況的訴求。此外,城市白領青年對群體的身分認同訴求亦透過消費達成,並出現諸如攀比、競逐消費等情形。另一方面,當物質條件不足以融入某群體的消費方式時,便會出現被排斥在外、或納入其內的群體身分認同現象。當城市白領青年考量如何兼顧、維持自身的社會資本網絡時,他們多數會投注時間關切自身所認同或歸屬的團體,最終導致對公共或社區集體事務涉入的冷漠回應。 另一方面,農村白領青年高涉入家鄉公共事務的原因,主要來自於農村的集體主義特色。出生、成長於農村集體主義環境的白領青年,由於低感染消費主義,所以對公共事務有著較高的熱情。無論是村事務抑或國政相關的討論均賴以農村群體網絡頻繁往來的特色,以及因集體主義所創造出的集體價值信念。 再者,當農村白領青年在城市工作時,卻因仍受集體主義思維所影響,使他們對消費少有符號性追求或無節制的購買行為。此外,由於生長於經濟匱乏的內地農村,所以他們會將自己在城市工作所得部分匯回家鄉以維繫、改善家鄉父母兄弟的生活環境,並同時將消費限制在理性的購買之上。同時,從外地省份大舉遷入城市工作的農村白領青年,由於其在人口意義上仍呈現流動性質,再加上多透過租賃的方式居住,因此他們最終不一定會在城市落戶或常住久居。這便致使他們沒有動因涉入小區的公共事務,因而出現農村白領青年在城市低涉入、農村高涉入公共事務的情形。然而,他們亦可將對集體的熱情轉移在國政事務的關注上,透過此際以排解他們對於公共事務的熱情追求。 / The dissertation focuses on the relationships between consumerism and the involved in China’s local governance—the residents’ committee and the owners’ committee of young middle class came from city and the rural area. Through discovering the different levels of infecting consumerism explaining how the young middle class’ origins from city and the rural area have diverse attitudes and behaviors in public affairs respectively. Based on several case studies, I defined that the three hypotheses explaining my arguments given above. First of all, the urban young middle class has been infected more consumerism that they rather pay attention to consume than involve in public issues. Secondly, the rural young middle class has been affected by the Chinese collectivism from traditional village; consequently, they take notice of public matters in their hometown. On the other hand, despite the rural young middle class has been infected the lower consumerism in contrast to the urban one, however, living and working in the city where not their hometown but only a temporary residence is. Therefore, the rural young middle class lacks for the reasons to involve in public affairs in the city; nevertheless, they transfer their passion and positive behaviors in collective matters to take more care of political issues of the nation during the period when they stay on in the city. In conclusion, after being infected the higher level of consumerism, the urban young middle class involves negatively in public affairs of their own communities which is a common phenomenon. Furthermore, conversely to the urban one, the rural young middle class puts their positive convictions of involved in public matters into action. It is interesting to note that there are great differences between the former and the latter; indeed, the two types of young middle class came from distinct regions have been infected diverse consumerism leading their involved in public affairs to proceed in opposite directions.

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