國際上工程契約範本中多半就契約義務程度有所約定，國際諮詢工程師聯合會（Fédération Internationale Des Ingénieurs-Conseils, FIDIC）參照大英國協普通法上見解，於「生產設備及設計施工標準契約條款」與「設計採購施工/統包標準契約條款」等統包契約範本中，明文就統包承包商之設計義務採取合乎目的義務標準（fitness for purpose），亦即統包承包商應擔保工程完工時將合乎工程預期之使用目的。該義務標準不同於多數工程契約範本所採大英國協普通法專業服務契約一般適用的合理技術與謹慎(reasonable skill and care)標準，義務人須擔保一定結果之達成，乃無涉義務人業務執行行為有無過失之絕對義務，義務人不得以其已善盡專業注意義務或所需技術超乎科技水準為抗辯，亦不得主張業主就損害之發生或擴大與有過失而減輕賠償責任。而以契約明文約定適用合乎目的義務標準者，大英國協司法見解認為合乎目的義務標準將優先於遵照契約所定計畫或規範之義務，加以合乎目的義務難以取得保險保障，種種不利因素引起統包承包商之高度顧慮。 傳統設計後發包施作之工程契約模式下，大英國協普通法見解認為專業設計人員之契約默示義務標準與其他專業服務契約同為合理技術與謹慎義務，與統包承包商之設計工作默示適用合乎目的義務標準不同。本文由大英國協普通法案例觀察，相關見解差異與貨物買賣契約法律原則息息相關，並且受到當代法律經濟分析思維影響。然依本文之觀察，近年大英國協司法見解在合乎目的義務之默示適用及明示適用，似均出現避免適用該義務標準之案例，相關判決理由於大英國協司法見解之後續發展殊值觀察。 我國司法實務對統包工程契約之評價與大英國協普通法側重於不同契約特徵，而屬歐陸成文法系之我國法及德國法中，承攬人負有使完成工作無不適於通常或約定使用之瑕疵擔保責任，與大英國協普通法上合乎目的義務同為無過失責任。惟依本文觀察，歐陸法系之承攬人瑕疵擔保責任並不如大英國協普通法合乎目的義務嚴格，承攬人有較多減輕或免責事由可資主張，而我國司法實務見解下，承攬人免責之可能性又更高於德國法。 統包工程契約中之合乎目的義務約款並非獨立存在，其實質內涵仍需視各法域適用法律之具體內容而定。本文彙整比較統包工程契約設計工作之合乎目的義務於大英國協普通法系、歐陸成文法系之德國法及我國法之司法實務見解適用差異，期在相互參照之中，對各該司法見解提出評析建議，並供我國工程產業爭取海外標案時作為契約法律風險管理之參考。

本研究以統包工程產業工程師為研究對象，探討人格特質對組織承諾之關係，並針對研究結果提出建議，作為統包工程公司在人力資源運用與管理的參考。本研究採用問卷調查法，共發出420份問卷，回收314份，有效問卷314份，將回收之問卷資料採用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Tukey事後比較、Pearson積差相關及多元迴歸分析等方法檢定後，研究結果發現： 1.不同個人背景變項(服務年資、現任職務、婚姻狀況、工作月薪)的統包工程產業工程師在組織承諾上具有顯著差異。 2.統包工程產業工程師的人格特質與組織承諾具有顯著正相關。 3.統包工程產業工程師的人格特質對組織承諾具有預測力。

本研究以中鼎工程公司為個案，針對各專業設計部門主管以問卷調查的方式，探討國際統包工程公司設計部門應有的核心能耐，並採取知識管理的觀點，探討此核心能耐的建構機制。 研究結果發現國際統包工程公司設計部門的核心能耐為「工程設計整合能力」。此整合能力包括（一）跨設計部門整合（二）軟硬體資訊平台整合（三）EPCK整合（四）專案目標整合（五）企業文化整合。國際統包工程公司為確保設計的品質，會訂定嚴謹的作業準則、進行紮實的教育訓練；並全力發展整合性設計平台，以縮短設計時程與減少重做成本；除此之外，也強調總成本觀念，在設計階段即考量採購、建造與試車的各種要求。國際統包工程公司為能在國際市場充分發揮出團隊的效能，設計人員需具備充分的專業技術能力，並輔之以管理領導能力與英語溝通能力。而公司的企業文化，諸如專業、誠信、團隊合作與創新，則是促進整合的關鍵底蘊。業主對國際統包工程公司品牌商譽特別重視，品牌商譽是所有努力的綜合結果，有賴長期的蓄積。國際統包工程公司設計部門為蓄積核心能耐，會致力促使知識載體與知識活動產生正向循環，以提升競爭優勢。 研究結果也提出個案公司亟待努力的改善建議，包括（一）應持續召募適合員工，以利長遠之發展，就既有之人力斷層，則應加速訓練養成（二）應加強供應鏈管理，嚴格管控設備廠商設計文件到位時程（三）應採取適切的績效考核與究責方式，使員工產生積極整合態度（四）應加強設計、採購、建造與試車部門之間的互動（五）應加強投入公司層級的研發活動（六）應加強與Licenser和Client等之合作，以拓展上游端（基本設計）與下游端（試車）的核心能耐。 / This case study investigates the core competence of the engineering department of international turnkey contractors and the establishing mechanism of such competence in terms of knowledge management. A survey is conducted on the engineering department managers of CTCI Corporation to supplement this study. Results show that engineering design integration is the core competence of the engineering department of international turnkey contractors. This includes the integration of (1) engineering departments, (2) hardware and software information platforms, (3) EPCK, (4) project objectives, and (5) corporate culture. International turnkey contractors will establish strict SOPs and provide solid education and training to ensure the quality of engineering work, and develop integrated design platforms to shorten design lead-time and reduce rework cost. Additionally, they emphasize cost concepts and consider the procurement, construction and commissioning requirements right at the beginning of design. Designers are equipped with adequate professional core competence, management and leadership competence, and English communication competence for international turnkey contractors to fully display team efficiency. Meanwhile, corporate culture, such as professionalism, sincerity, teamwork, and innovation, are also the keys to integration. As brand reputation is the synergy of all efforts and long-term accumulation, project owners pay special attention to the contractor’s brand reputation. Therefore the contractor’s engineering department is devoted to promote positive circulation of knowledge carriers and activities in order to build up core competence and enhance competitiveness. Suggestions for immediate improvement of the case company were also proposed, including (1) continue to recruit suitable employees to facilitate long-term development and accelerate training process to close the gap of existing interrupted staffing; (2) strengthen supply chain management and apply strict deadline on suppliers’ technical documents; (3) adopt appropriate and fair performance assessment to motivate employees; (4) encourage interactions among engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning departments; (5) reinforce corporate level R&D activities; and (6) promote cooperation with licenser and client to expand upstream (basic design) and downstream (commissioning) core competence.

東柏林圍牆倒塌，金磚四國崛起，使得第三世界國家的經濟能力大幅提升，對能源及石化產品的需求也日益增加，促使全球對石化產業之投資大幅暴增且投資規模也較前期更大。為能加速獲利，業主經常要求統包工程公司能縮短1/3之工期。因此，統包工程公司需不斷研發及創新，並使用有別於傳統模式之作業方法，才可達成此縮短工期之目標。 近年由於電腦軟硬體進步神速及網際網路之普及化，提供了一個資訊交換的新環境。許多跨國作業、同步工程之應用系統紛紛被提出，但仍無法有效解決當前之問題，反而形成許多自動化孤島之資訊作業。 本研究主要目的在於探討如何利用先進資訊科技技術與國際共通的資訊標準規範，建立製程工廠統包工程所需之「建廠資訊生命週期管理」系統，將重要資訊予以電子化、結構化及標準化。透過電腦網路通訊及資料庫技術，使建廠過程能提供優良資訊品質，供參與建廠人員能透過此透明化之系統，使資訊得以整合與共享，確保資訊品質之完整、正確及一致性。 建廠工程之作業有許多不同的階段，本研究擬針對「建廠資訊生命週期管理」系統提出完整之規劃架構，但因本系統相當龐大，無法於短時間內完成全部之系統雛型，故，本著「Think Big, Start Small, Scale Fast」之理念，本研究將先對產製最多資訊之設計階段先行建立系統雛型，作為示範性之先導開發工作。本研究所獲得之主要結論如下: 一、 導入標準資訊規範是正確途徑 二、 為縮短建廠時間，需建立資訊整合與共享環境 三、 要提升統包工程公司之競爭力，需建立全球化作業平台 四、 要提升資訊品質需將文件中心轉變為資訊中心 關鍵字: 資訊生命週期管理、製程工廠、統包工程、圖形交換標準 建廠資訊交換標準、建廠工程活動、資訊品質、標準資訊規範 / The 3rd world economy has been largely improved resulting from the collapse of the Eastern Berlin wall and the rise of the Brics. Since then, the investment in the petroleum/chemical industries is increased triggered from a strong demand of the energy and petroleum/ chemical products. To expedite the profit return, the clients will usually request the turnkey project company to condense the plant’s engineering time to at least 1/3 of the original scheduled. Therefore, the turnkey project company needs to continuously engage in its R&D and create an innovation method different from the traditional one to fulfill with clients’ expectation. Owing to the rapid progress of the hardwares and softwares together with the popularity of the internet, it provids a new environment for the information exchange. Although numerous applications for global operation and concurrent had been announced, it still couldn’t resolve the existing problems, instead, it caused another problem and leads the information to the Islands of automation. The purpose of this study is to find out how to utilize the advanced information technology and worldwide standadized information specification to establish a 「Plant Information Lifecycle Management-PILM」system for the Process Plant. It is the hope that through the aforesaid system, user can transform their important information into a electronic、structured and standadized formular. In addition, by using the Internet communation and database technology, it can help the user to integrate and share information through this transparent system and ensure the completeness、correctness and consistency of the information quality. There are many phases in the plant engineering operation. Although this study is striving to provide a complete designing framework for the system of 「Plant Information Lifecycle Management」, however ,it is definitely impossible to complete the whole system prototype for this huge system during such a short period. Therefore, this study will focus only on the “Design Phase” based on the core principle “Think Big, Start Small and Scale Fast”. Most of the information will be emerged during the Design Phase, so that, a system prototype for this phase will be designed as an initiative development model. The major conclusions for this study are as follows: 1. The international standards should be adopted by the Turnkey project company. 2. To reduce the plant engineering time, an integral and share environment (the PILM system) should be built. 3. To enhance the competitiveness of the Turnkey project company, a global application platform (i.e. The PILM system) needs to be established. 4. To lift the information quality, the document centric needs to be transformed to data centric. Keyword: ISO 10303, STEP, ISO 15926, Plant Information Lifecycle Management , UML, EPC(Engineering/Procurement/Construction), Turn-Key