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外資進入與金融風暴對於亞洲各國本土銀行業績效表現之影響 / The Effects of Foreign Bank Penetration and Financial Crisis劉信芝, Liu, Hsin Chih Unknown Date (has links)
本文研究外資進入與亞洲融風暴對於本土銀行業的影響,在所選取的樣本中,我們發現國際化會提升銀行的獲利但不見得改善營運的效率性與穩定性。實証結果也不支持亞洲金融風暴對於亞洲銀行業有顯著影響的假說。同時發現市場的集中程度對於銀行業的獲利有些微影響,主要是關於銀行的訂價能力。最後,就所選取的十一個亞洲國家中討論,本文顯示在樣本時間點內,外資進入本土市場設立分行對於本土的效率性與穩定性的影響並不顯著。 / This research examines the effect of foreign banks penetration and financial crisis on the banking sectors in Asian countries. We find that internationalization improves the profitability of banks in our sample countries, but not necessarily improve their operational efficiency and financial stability. Our empirical results do not support the hypothesis that Asia Financial Crisis has a significant impact on Asian banking sectors. We also show that, bank concentration has little effect on the profitability of banks, and it was related to the pricing ability of banks. Lastly, our research shows that there is insignificant effect of foreign bank penetration on the efficiency and stability over these eleven Asian countries during our sample period.
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匯率危機預警模型 : 東亞地區實證研究蔡蘭馨, Tsai, Lan-Shin Unknown Date (has links)
1997年亞洲匯率危機的發生,引發學者對於危機發生原因的論戰。對於亞洲匯率危機發生的國家而言,究竟那些匯率危機理論具有解釋能力?又匯率危機是否是可以透過基本面的指標來預測的?假使可以效力又是如何?本文中為了回答這些問題,於是使用東亞六國包含印尼、韓國、馬來西亞、菲律賓、新加坡、泰國六個開發中國家1971-1998年的收據資料,並運用Probit的計量模型來進行實證研究。
本文實證結果發現,在匯率危機理論的解釋上,第一代匯率危機理論的論述,並不足以完全解釋東亞地區的發展中國家匯率危險的發生,必須再加上第二代的匯率危機理論的論述,才能完整找出東亞發展中國家匯率危機發生的決定因素。再者,在東亞地區發展中國家的匯率危機發生前,其基本面情況的確是程現亞化的趨勢。但是基本面惡化程度,並不足以單獨決定匯率危機的發生,必預加入除了基本面惡化程度,並不足以單獨決定匯率危機的發生,必須加入除了基本面以外,其它會影響投資人的行為和預期因素,如市場資訊不完全而造成群眾的盲從效果以及跨國的漫延效果......等等,綜合起來最後才會導致投機性攻擊而引發危機。換句話說,當政府在進行施政決策或者是投資人在進行經濟決策時,基本面因素或許不是政府或投資人唯一的考量,但卻是重要的考量之一。
另外,針對東亞地區匯率危機是否是可以預警以及預警效力如何的問題。經由實證結果,我們認為答案是肯定的,不論是從樣本內或樣本外來看這組解釋變數的指標的預測效力,都有超過百分之七十的預測水準。
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匯率波動對最適外銷退稅之影響黃雅琪 Unknown Date (has links)
由於近年來東南亞金融風暴,各國匯率紛紛走貶,大陸維持匯率固定下,對出口產生不利影響。當出口形勢艱難時,採取貨幣貶值是提振出口競爭力最簡單直接的方式,但由於人民幣貶值將對世界經濟產生嚴重衝擊,而中共今年初以來也多次重申人民幣不貶值承諾,在出口競爭力衰退,人民幣確又不能貶值的情況下,提高出口退稅就成為中國大陸最佳的選擇。因此大陸自去年始至今年初數度提高外銷退稅率,以鼓勵出口。
中共多次且大幅提昇出口退稅率,期望紓緩出口壓力,同時化解人民幣貶值的壓力。因此我們質疑,提高外銷退稅率以振出口是否真的有效?若是從全國福利極大的角度出發,在金融風暴(各國匯率走貶)的影響下,為達成出口擴張並捍衛人民幣而數度大幅調高出口退稅率是否合宜?本研究之主要目的乃嘗試建構一理論模型以探討以上所提之問題。
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台灣報社記者知識管理模型之研究--以財經線為例 / Personal knowledge management model of financial journalist in Taiwan newspaper office潘鳳儀 Unknown Date (has links)
這篇論文的發想,主要來自三個原因,首先與研究者在政大新聞所學習、觀察到的經驗相關,開始對記者一職產生興趣,第二個動機是因應2008年9月時由美國雷曼兄弟公司引發的國際金融危機,這場連動效應對美國與台灣報業所帶來的經濟衝擊,讓研究者開始思考報社記者如何面對職場上的挑戰。
最後,知識經濟(knowledge-base economy)下的個人必頇瞭解自己工作的內容以及生涯規劃,而非被動的依循著景氣循環而震盪,當面臨各種組織管理、環境變化帶來的嚴峻挑戰,對新聞工作者而言,若能發展出一套具差異化的個人知識管理模型(personal knowledge management model),勢必能保持在最佳競爭狀態,以適應目前宛如夕陽產業的報業環境。
因此,透過深度訪談及演講資料的蒐集,筆者首先提出四個個人知識管理的關鍵元素:「資訊處理能力」、「社交能力」、「個人認知能力」、以及「專業財經知識」,在結合記者工作流程後,整合出度訪談後的報社財經記者個人知識管理模型。
在第五章,筆者也提出另一個報社財經記者個人知識管理模型,這個模型的與前一個模型最大的差異在於筆者認為「個人認知能力」是最重要的一環,認清自己的定位,理解從事記者一職的意義在哪裡,否則,如果連自己都不清楚為什麼要選擇這門職業,那麼其實談再多的知識管理技巧、知識管理內涵,都是多此一舉。
此外,模型中所有關鍵因素都會互相影響,除了環境的因素會影響到個人之外,其實個人也可能(集結貣來並且也有能力)去對環境產生改變,尌像電影「蝴蝶效應」一樣,一個小小的改變,都有可能對報社、傳播環境漸漸地產生影響。
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採購組織動態能耐與採購策略對採購績效的影響之研究 - 以DRAM產業W公司為例 / The Influence of Purchasing Organization's Dynamic Capabilities and Purchasing Strategies on the Purchasing Performance Research – A Case of W Company in DRAM Industry周致中 Unknown Date (has links)
隨著總體環境不確定性日益增加,企業是否具有因應變動的能力,做出符合環境變動需要之回應,進而在高度競爭的環境下維持競爭優勢,已顯得格外重要。2008年發生的金融危機,對許多產業的廠商造成極嚴峻挑戰。本研究將針對高科技的DRAM產業進行研究,該產業具有高資本密集、高技術密集以及景氣循環明顯等特色。因此,具備因應外在環境變動的能力,對於廠商能否永續經營,扮演了非常關鍵的角色。
故本研究以DRAM產業中具代表性企業的採購組織為例,透過相關文獻探討,以動態能耐的「組織與管理程序」、「地位」及「路徑」三大構面,對個案公司進行動態能耐的辨識,並透過採購策略的擬定與執行,進一步對採購績效產生影響作一深入研究。然而,一個具有動態能耐的採購組織,透過採購策略達成採購績效的過程中,將形成該採購組織的獨特經驗,不論此經驗是好是壞,皆會促使該組織進一步的改善與學習,採購組織的動態能力亦將隨之改變,並再次調整其採購策略。本研究特別強調在金融危機前後,採購組織其動態能耐的調整與改變,以因應外在環境的劇烈變動。
本研究採用個案研究與專家深入訪談,並以次級資料加以佐證。本研究所獲得的研究結論如下:
結論一:外在環境、時間發展、組織文化、組織策略改變以及高階領導人態度,是採購組織發展動態能耐的關鍵因素
結論二:非財務面績效指標的量化,可以讓組織進行更公平的績效考核
結論三:組織具備良好的動態能耐是制定與執行正確採購策略的關鍵因素
結論四:正確的採購策略擬定與制定有助於採購績效的提升
結論五:企業所擁有的獨特動態能耐愈多,愈有助於企業快速調整其採購策略,以因 應快速變化的外在環境,維持企業之競爭優勢。
最後本研究進一步提出後續在學術研究領域以及實務工作相關之採購策略發展建議。
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金融業區域性併購的影響因素及波動特性林美榕 Unknown Date (has links)
在全球企業自由化及國際化的過程,金融機構的併購行為也變成大眾關注的議題,本論文第一部份,以亞洲的金融業為樣本,並且考量金融風暴對金融業併購的影響,實證結果發現,本文的5個併購假說在大部份的情況下,都被支持,而且金融風暴發生,的確可能改變跨國購併決策和影響因素之間的關係。其中,訊息成本假說中的語言及宗教二個代理變數,在金融風暴之後,他們對跨國併購決策都有較大且較顯著的影響力。第二部份,我們先探討OECD國家併購行為是否存在共同波動特性,實證結果支持 OECD 國家的購併活動具有共同波動的特性;此外,由狀態存續機率估計值發現樣本國停留在特定購併狀態的持續期間相當長,表示只要這些國家一起處於購併高峰期,則此共同購併高峰期會持續一段期間。相反的,若沒有發生共同購併高峰期,則在下一個時點出現共同購併高峰期的可能性也不高。從另一個角度解釋,亦即 OECD 國家購併潮的共同波動行為具有「長幅擺盪」(long swing) 的特質。最後,我們進一步考量歐盟金融業的併購活動和國家經濟成長率及股價報酬率二個要素的關係。實證結果發現在併購高峰期之下,不論歐盟金融業是處於併購交易的主併方或是被併方,股價報酬率都對併購活動皆具有正向影響;然而,國家的經濟成長率則會隨著歐盟金融業所處的併購主體而改變。此外,歐盟金融業的併購的共同波浪潮行為也具有「長幅擺盪」的特質。
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小型開放經濟體系下信用機制對於貨幣政策和浮動匯率的影響 / The credit channel of monetary policy and exchange rate flexibility in a small open economy楊馥珉, Yang, Fu Min Unknown Date (has links)
The objective of this study is to consider the credit channel operation under a small open economy by including the banking sector and money in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model. This study examines the role of the banking sector in a small open economy and the impact of the degree of economic openness. In the steady state analysis, we find that the banking sector’s efficiency and the degree of the openness of an economy will affect the equilibrium. The dynamic analyses show the exchange rate movement amplifies the responses of the economy to exogenous shocks.
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國際金融干擾與匯率制度崩潰曾瑞乾 Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
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影響法拍屋拍定價對底價比之變數研究-以台北市士林區為例 / Factors affecting the ratio of the final transaction price to the listed base price in the real estate auction markets--- an example in the shihlin district of Taipei蔡秀瑛, Tsai, Hsiu Ying Unknown Date (has links)
不動產法拍屋市場中,是否受到總體經濟環境變化或金融風暴來襲,而影響拍定價相對於第一拍底價之比率?是本研究所探討的課題。除上述總體經濟因素外,是否尚有其他因素如法拍屋個別屬性影響拍定價對底價比?本文藉由上述各項因素存在與否,探討法拍屋拍定價對底價比和各變數間之關係,得以建立法拍屋拍定價對底價比之變數模型。
本研究以特徵價格理論探討影響台北市士林區法拍屋拍定價對底價比之變數,並以迴歸分析方法分析影響法拍屋拍定價對底價比之因素,及其影響程度,並藉此探討當市場發生重大金融事件或總體經濟環境變化時,是否影響法拍屋之拍定價對底價比。實證結果發現:影響法拍屋拍定價對底價比之顯著變數如下:
一、法拍屋個別屬性:是否為一樓、競標數呈正相關,屋齡呈先負後正曲線關係,拍定次數呈負相關。
二、總體經濟變數:拍定前月放款利率、拍定前季是否經濟衰退或金融風暴呈負相關。
本文探討影響法拍屋拍定價對底價比之變數,研究結果期能提供地方法院訂定第一拍底價及酌減各拍次底價之參考、投標人決定投標價及選擇最佳進場時機之參考、地方法院委託之不動產鑑定人於法拍屋估價時,價格調整幅度權衡的參考、以及債權人決定是否執行及續拍之參考。 / Real estate markets are affected by macro economic factors, regional factors and individual factors. As there is recession in economy growth, the number of foreclosed properties increased. How are the prices of foreclosed properties influenced by the aforementioned factors? This study intends to explore factors affecting the ratio of the final transaction price to the listed base price in the real estate auction markets through the Hedonic Price Model.
Results show that the first-floor effect, number of bidders and age of the buildings are positively related to the ratio of the final transaction price to the listed base price in the real estate auction markets. Numbers of auctions, interest rates, and the occurrence of the financial crisis in the previous season are negatively related to the ratio of the final transaction price to the listed base price.
Results of this study provide precious reference value on formulating the listed base prices on the real estate auction markets. Investors can also take into account of the significant factors in making the investment decision in the auction market.
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影響成屋議價空間比率之變數研究-以台北縣.市為例 / Research on variables influencing the degree of price concession-邱千惠, Chiou, Daisy Unknown Date (has links)
由於運用特徵價格模型探討影響不動產價格之變數,國內外相關之文獻數量甚為豐富,但對於影響議價空間比率之變數,較少有研究者探討,由於議價空間比率影響賣方及買方之訂價或出價策略與對成交價格之預期,另對於估價人員採用市場比較法時,僅得待售案例時之情況調整亦有所幫助,故本研究試圖從蒐集相關不動產成交案例,探討有關影響其議價空間比率之變數。
因本研究之資料範圍鎖定成屋且透過仲介成交之案件,故透過與仲介經紀從業人員之訪談並與文獻回顧相關理論作相互印證,廣納可能之變數,並搜集台北市、縣成屋實際委託價格及交易資訊。將訪談蒐集所得之交易價格資料及變數,運用Excel 及SPSS統計軟體,透過敘述統計、相關係數分析、折線圖分析、特徵估價法之多元廻歸模型等方法,分析影響議價空間比率之因素,及其影響之程度。
實證結果發現:影響議價空間比率之顯著變數如下:
(一)區位變數有:樹林、林口、新莊為正相關,議價空間比率顯著較高,大安區為負相關,議價空間比率相對較低。
(二)成交時間變數有:97年第四季因金融風暴,該季議價空間比率顯著較高。
(三)物件個別屬性變數有:是否1樓、屋齡、平均委託單價與議價空間比率為正相關,透天產品與議價空間比率為負相關,透天產品議價空間比率顯著較低。
(四)總體因素變數有:北市北縣拍賣移轉件數與議價空間比率為正相關,北縣市買賣移轉件數與議價空間比率為負相關。
本研究建議買賣交易人或投資者應針對交易標的所在區位、交易時間點、標的物個別條件以及總體指標需深入了解,賣方在訂價或買方在出價斡旋時,將更能提高交易成功之機率。物件位於相對偏遠地區,由於條件相對較差,賣方在開價上需預留較大議價空間,並有讓價準備,而買方可多收集相關成交資訊,以減少因資訊不充足而支付較高之價格貼水。
另外,當市場上發生重大事件導致房屋市場變動時,此時仲介角色更具挑戰性, 應提供賣方相關分析資訊,協助使其提早瞭解市場變動情況,避免損失加劇。對於一樓產品,買賣雙方價格認知差異較大,應提供相近條件之成交行情,若是店面或商用產品,可再提供租金收益資訊,易使雙方對於價格較有共識,並促進交易價格之合理性。
而不動產估價師執行台北縣、市之估價案件時,若採用市場比較法,收集之比較案例為待售尚未成交之物件,可參考各區位議價空間比率之平均數,再評估上述顯著變數之正負相關性,酌予上下調整,以增進待售價格情況調整之精確度。 / Although there are abundant sources of references regarding the use of Hedonic pricing models to study the relationship between real estate pricing variables and real estate price volatility, relatively few were dedicated to the research of price concession variables. Price concession variables determine sellers' asking prices and buyers' bid prices, or the expected deal price of a bid/ask strategy and even provide useful indications to real estate evaluators taking the market comparison approach when there are no actual deals to compare. Therefore, in this research we aimed to collect samples of actual real estate deals made to determine the variables that affect degrees of price concession by analyzing the degrees of price concession in proportion to bid/ask prices.
In this research, we confined our area of study to completed constructions transacted through real estate agencies. Through interviews with real estate agents and reviews of past theoretical references, we attempted to gather all possible variables from the time buyers and sellers approach real estate agencies to the time a deal is made; we also gathered data of bid prices, asking prices and deal prices of completed constructions situated in the various administration districts within Taipei City and Taipei County. Interview results, pricing data and the possible variables we had identified were analyzed using Excel and SPSS; our statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, line charts and multiple regression of the Hedonic pricing model. The purpose of our analyses was to determine factors that influence the degree of price concession as well as the extent of such influence.
Our research results found the following variables that significantly influence the degree of price concession:
(1) Location variable: Shulin, Linko and Hsinchuang districts are positively correlated, suggesting a higher degree of price concession; Daan district is negatively correlated, suggesting a lower degree of price concession.
(2) Timing variable: The degree of price concession during the fourth quarter of 2008 was significantly higher because of the global financial crisis.
(3) Object-specific variables: Whether the property is situated on the first floor and aging variables are positively correlated to the degree of price concession; whether the property is an independent house is negatively correlated to the degree of price concession, suggesting a lower degree of price concession for independent house properties.
(4) Macro factors: The number of court auctions in Taipei City and County is positively correlated to the degree of price concession; the number of property sales in Taipei City and County are negatively correlated to the degree of price concession.
Through this research, we advise that property buyers, sellers and investors should gain further insights into the location, timing, characteristics and the overall environment relating to the properties they wish to close deals for. These insights will help buyers and sellers set bid/ask prices that are more likely to close deals, thereby reducing the cost of prolonged negotiations. Properties located in remote areas are have a disadvantage; sellers should reserve more room for negotiation and be prepared to make price concessions, while buyers should gather more information related to the deal of similar properties to avoid paying higher premiums due to lack of information.
Furthermore, the role of real estate agencies becomes more challenging in the occurrence of major events which cause volatility within the real estate market. Real estate agents should provide sellers the relevant data analysis to facilitate early anticipation of market changes, thereby preventing further losses. For properties located on the first floor, since there are relatively wider discrepancies between sellers' and buyers' expectations, real estate agents should provide more information related to the deals of similar properties to reconcile their differences. If the properties are for retail or commercial purposes, real estate agents may also provide information on rental or revenue to reconcile the understanding between buyers and sellers and give more rationality to deal prices.
For real estate evaluators attempting to evaluate properties situated in Taipei City and County using the market comparison approach but lacking deal references, they may consider taking the average degree of price concession across all administrative districts and adjust upwards or downwards based on correlations to the above significant variables and produce a more accurate indicator for the properties pending sale.
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