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青少女的月經態度及其有關因素之探討黃琪瑜, HUANG, JI-YU Unknown Date (has links)
本研究共分五章,分別論述研究動機、參考文獻、研究方法、研究結果、討論與建議
。
本研究之主要目的在探討國中女學生的月經態度,並嘗試了解可能影響女學生形成月
經態度的各種原因。受試按地區社經地位高低,以隨機抽取方式,選取台北市仁愛國
中、弘道中國、和平國中、華江女中、萬芳國中之國一國二女女生共五二○、以問卷
調查方式收集資料。主要獨變項包括:個人行經年數、生理經驗、母女溝通關係、生
理知識、自我概念、性別角色、社經地位等,依變項則為月經態度。所有變項經因素
分析,單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、逐步迴歸等統計分析後,所得之主要結
果如下:
ぇ受試之月經態度因素分析後,得到三個因素:干擾生活的事;成熟的象徵;不被期
待的事。
え已來月經與尚未來經的受試,在月經態度三個向度上的分數差異,雖未達到顯著水
準,但仍有若干可探尋的趨勢:已來月經者較認為月經是一件干擾日常生活的事件,
他們較希望自己最好沒有月經,雖然如此,他們仍較為肯定其對女性的成熟意義。
ぉ已來月經者的行經年數會影響其對月經的態度:行經年數越長者,越覺得月經干擾
了他們平常的生活,也越希望自己最好像男生一般沒有月經。但是行經年數越長者,
對月經的認,卻也越具有正面的評價。
お個人的生理經驗,亦會影響其對月經的態度;個人越經驗到月經所帶給其的生理不
舒服,對月經就越產生負向的評價,越覺得月經期間的行為受到干擾。
か母女之親的溝通好與否,確會影響子女對月經的態度;母女之間溝通越佳者,對月
經的態度越正向,他們較不認為月經干擾他們的生活,也越肯定月經在女性認知中的
正面意義。
が個人對生理知識了解的多少,似乎並不影響其對月經的態度。但在對於月經的認知
評價中,生理知識瞭解越多者,越能給予其更高的正面評價,但相對地他們卻又更希
望己最好沒有月經。
き在自我概念中,吾人所探討的生理自我、心理自我、自我認同、自我滿意度及自我
行動,都會影響其對月經的態度。自我概念越佳,個人對月經所表的態度也越為良好
。
ぎ個人的性別角色,對總體的月經態度,似乎並沒有什麼影響。但在對月經的認知評
價中,兩性化與女性化的受試,對其較具正向評價,而男性化與未與化的受試,萁對
月經的認知評價分數則較低。然而,兩性化的受試卻最希望自己沒有月經,而女性化
受試則最能接受「女性就應有月經」此一事實。
綜合上述幾點發現可知,這些國中女生對月經雖都抱持著高正面的認知評價,但在其
情感層面,內卻排斥此一事實的存在。因此,要如何使其的正面認知落實到情感層面
,使其有月經來潮期間身心同感舒適,則將是今後吾人所應努力探討的方向。
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手機、青少女與日常生活:手機使用對外在結構的抗衡 / Mobile phone, teenage girls and everyday life:the use of mobile as the resistance to social structure羅紓筠, Lo, Shu Yun Unknown Date (has links)
本研究關注「手機使用」與「青少女日常生活脈絡」交互作用之下,編織出的文化意義,企圖理解手機這項媒體科技,如何嵌入青少女受制的文化結構裡,甚至成為無形的武器,被青少女挪用來與成人所建立的結構抗衡。
本研究首先探索青少女在日常生活中使用、挪用、與棄用手機的方式,並收集青少女手機內外的各種文本,進一步探究這些實踐與文本背後的動機與對青少女的意義,以找尋青少女在成人制定的結構中所處的位置。再以Lefebvre與de Certeau的日常生活理論,探討青少女藉由手機使用,展現出的能動性與抵抗結構的意涵。
本研究採質化研究取向,使用深度訪談法,並現場記錄蒐集青少女手機實踐的相關實物文本,最後輔以受訪者的一週手機使用日誌,將此三類資料交互分析論證。
研究發現,手機一方面型塑青少女日常生活在結構中循環的秩序與過程,另一方面卻也成為青少女與結構相抗衡、擾動秩序的資源。青少女藉由手機的集體使用,在分享與認同中形成與結構抗衡的基礎,並發展出在限制中游擊的戰術。此外,青少女也經由手機的使用,自行定義生命中的重要事件與場景,突破預先被結構設定的意義,讓詮釋、定義生活的權力,下放至青少女手中。 / Based on the theories about “everyday life” suggested by Lefebvre and de Certeau, this study aims at explicating how teenage girls appropriate mobile phones to overcome the limitations in their everyday lives. Rather than disrupting the norms, teenage girls establish the full-time intimate community with their peer group by mobile practice to form a concealed, local “tactic” to undermine the adult-controlled structures that govern their lives. For teenage girls, the characteristics of mobile phones and mobile communication are not inherent in the device, but are determined by social and cultural context and power relations in everyday life.
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青少女母親之復學經驗探討 / The Case Study of Re-enrolling Experience among Adolescent Mothers方韻喬 Unknown Date (has links)
青少女未婚懷孕已是我國重要的社會議題之一。多數的青少女在發現懷孕後,面臨一連串的抉擇,少女將思考是否生育,以及選擇將孩子留養、出養或寄養。然而,選擇留養後的青少女,多數面臨親職與經濟的壓力而無法持續就學。
本研究以質性研究深度訪談的方式,企圖瞭解青少女母親在留養後,回歸學校的校園生活,探討青少女母親的復學因素、復學適應,以及學校輔導系統提供的服務內涵。研究最終訪談九位青少女母親,研究結果發現:
1. 青少女母親的復學因素,包含主要因素與使能因素。主要因素為少女個人對於完成學業的想望;使能因素共有四項,包括:「家庭因素」、「學校因素」、「社會因素」及「其他因素」。此外,少女的復學因素與擔任親職及婚姻狀態(生活經驗)相關聯。
2. 青少女孕期的校園生活經驗,與物理空間環境、老師與同儕的態度有關。在復學適應部分,面臨「學習適應」與「人際關係適應」,少女復學適應與少女的生活經驗具有關聯性,少女亦隨著學校風氣規範及老師、同儕的態度不同,其適應的議題有所差異。
3. 青少女母親就學之學校輔導部分,包含懷孕與復學期間兩部分。孕期的學校輔導服務分為學校支持性措施、個人輔導與重要他人協談;復學之輔導服務將與學校的作法和少女接受輔導服務之意願具有關聯性,亦影響少女所接受的服務內涵。
研究結果證實青少女母親穩定就學原因,與少女不同的生活經驗、不同的就學歷程,再加上學校風氣與上課規範不同,少女所要適應的議題具有個別性。少女在就讀學校選擇的考量,包含上課路程近、上課時間短,以及選擇規範不嚴格的學校為主要。在學校部分,校方提供通融作法、學校輔導服務以及家庭支持程度是少女回歸校園的重要關鍵。研究者依據研究結果提出實務上與學術上的建議。 / “Unmarried pregnant adolescents” has become one of the important social issues in Taiwan. When most adolescent girls were found pregnant, they are facing a series of choices, they need consider whether to give birth, whether to keep and raise the baby, as well as the option to leave the baby to child support or foster care. However, when adolescent girls choose to keep and raise the babies, a majority of them are facing financial stress and the pressure of parenting. Thus their education can no longer sustained.
In this qualitative research, we use in-depth interviews in order to understand the following aspects. First, when adolescent mothers choose to keep and raise the baby, what their campus lives are going to be like when they return to school. Second, to explore the factors of adolescent mothers’ re-enrolling, as well as the adaptation for continuing their education. Third, the counseling service content provided by the school counseling system. This study finally interviewed nine adolescent mothers, and the findings are as followed:
1. The factors for adolescent mothers to re-enroll include main factors and enabling factors. The main factors are teenage mothers’ personal desire to complete their studies. As for the enabling factors, there are a total of four prospects, including: "family factors", "school factors", "social factors" and "other factors." In addition to this, re-enrolling factors for teenage mothers are related to their roles in parenting and marital status (life experiences).
2. The campus life these adolescent mothers experiences during pregnancy, are related to the physical environment, as well as teachers and peers’ attitudes. In the aspect of “Re-enrolling Adaptation, these girls are facing “learning adaptation” and "interpersonal adaptation". Teenage mothers’ re-enrolling adaptation is related to their life experiences. Besides, with different school climate, teachers’ and peers’ attitudes, these influences can also affect teenage girls’ adaptations.
3. Teenage mothers’ enrolling school counseling service, includes two parts; the pregnancy part and the re-enrolling part. Pregnancy counseling services are divided into “school support measures”, “individual counseling” and “joint counselling with significant others”. Counselling service after their returns to school is related to school measures and the teenage mother’s willingness to accept counselling service. And these aspects would also affect the service content these adolescent mothers receive.
The study results confirmed that, the reason for adolescent mothers to have a stable re-enrolling are related to their different life experiences, different school histories, coupled with the different school climates and regulations. Thus teenage girls’ adaptation issue is individualized. Their choices for attending school includes, distance from home to school, the length of school time, and a more tolerant school regulations. Beside, with the school offering accommodating standards, counseling services and also with family support; these are the key for adolescent mothers to re-enroll. The researcher has made the recommendations above, both in practical practice and academic fields, based on this research.
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