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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
211

Disease Representations in Late Modernity: Lung Cancer Stories in the Canadian Print Media

Berger, Jessica 24 September 2012 (has links)
The following thesis describes and analyses the representation of lung cancer in the Canadian print media. The thesis employs a theoretical framework comprised of Giddens’ theory of reflexivity and Goffman’s theory of framing, to understand the social dynamics of negotiation behind the disease’s portrayal in the media, in a late modern context. Late modernity was defined by institutional reflexivity and a focus on understanding and mitigating risk. The research was conducted through a content analysis and examined quantitative trends that contributed to a subsequent qualitative interpretation. The results show that the coverage of lung cancer decreased over time. The analysis shows a discourse of a biomedical institution that has unsuccessfully controlled the disease, a lack of patient advocacy, particularly among celebrities, and a continued conflation of smoking behaviour and lung cancer, all of which contributed to the decreasing coverage. The framing processes point to a society focused on understanding risk through studying the disease’s causes, as well as one concerned with legislative debate and behavioural prevention. The emergence of a frame focused on the patient’s lived experience might contribute to an improved representation of the disease.
212

Listening to voices of children and learning with them : action research in a primary school

Attard, Sue January 2010 (has links)
This dissertation presents an action research project carried out in a primary school to address the issue of ‘pupil voice’. Consulting with stakeholders has risen in prominence in the political context of schools. A number of government directives to encourage schools to engage have been put forward, including the expectation of the establishment of a School Council. The formation of the School Council is the first cycle of action presented in this dissertation, which then continues to develop through three further action cycles: listening to the voices of teachers, ‘children as philosophers’ and action research partnerships in the classrooms. Preliminary work prior to the introduction of School Council sets the context. The conceptual framework has been developed through consideration of the work of Shier (2001), Fielding (2001) and Hart(1994) which has contributed to the establishment of a taxonomy of ‘pupil voice’ development. The methodological approach emerged from the works of Elliott (1991), Zuber Skerritt and Perry (2002) and Whitehead and McNiff (2006) through the development of ‘circles of influence’ which rose and diminished in importance throughout the action cycles. Three circles of influence are identified as ‘self’ including reflexivity, ‘methods’ including ways of engaging and analysing the data, and ‘literature’ pertinent to the area of action as well as the methodology itself. The contribution the subsequent thesis offers to practice is threefold. Firstly, there is the ‘methodological messiness’ (Dadds & Hart 2005) which occurs when conducting action research which necessitates listening to the voices of the participants in order to determine the next cycle. Secondly, there is the development of the ‘pupil voice’ taxonomy which embeds the pupils within the process and is groundbreaking in ‘pupil voice’ research in primary schools. Finally, there are the action cycles themselves which offer the lived experience of engaging in ‘pupil voice’ action research partnerships.
213

Interpretace románu Spas Ivana Matouška / Interpretation of the novel Spas by Ivan Matoušek

Malá, Lucie January 2016 (has links)
The master thesis discusses the novel Spas by Ivan Matoušek published in 2001. The description of the structure and narrative time of the novel is followed by a characterization of the ironic self-conscious narrator and his relationship to the fictional world and the main character. The interpretation is partly inspired by a theoretical paper on irony by Vladimir Jankélévitch, which is compared with Paul de Man's concept of irony. The thesis also refers to Linda Hutcheon's theory of self- reflexivity and metafiction and employs the concept of mise en abyme.
214

De l'identité personnelle à l'authenticité : entre représentation et mimétisme / From personal identity to authenticity : between representation and mimetism

Funès, Julia de 13 November 2017 (has links)
L'objet de cette thèse est de penser la légitimité philosophique du concept d'authenticité et les moyens de parvenir au « moi » véritable. Les questions qui sous-tendent notre approche sont les suivantes : pourquoi l'authenticité est-elle devenue la valeur contemporaine majeure ? Quelles réponses sont actuellement proposées dans la quête de soi ? L'authenticité a-t-elle une quelconque valeur philosophique ? Le « moi » véritable existe-t-il ? Comment ne pas faire de la question de l'authenticité (qui suis-je vraiment ?) une question d'identité personnelle (que suis-je ?) ? Enfin, comment parvenir au « moi » véritable ? L'enjeu s'avère triple : 1/ élaborer un questionnement sur la possibilité même d'un « moi » véritable ; 2/ replacer cette question dans le champ des théories de l'identité personnelle ; 3/ traiter l'authenticité comme étant à la fois représentative et mimétique, et envisager ainsi de manière renouvelée la question du rapport à soi-même. En concevant l'authenticité comme une représentation mimétique, nous verrons qu'elle parvient à résister aux menaces dissolvantes du « moi » tout en échappant aux apories substantialistes. Pour traiter ces questions, ce travail philosophique mobilise les points de vue à la fois philosophiques et littéraires. / This thesis aims to ponder over the philosophical concept of authenticity and the means to reach the true self. The queries underpinning this approach are as follows: why has authenticity become the mainstream contemporary value? What answers are currently suggested concerning the quest for the self? Has authenticity any philosophical value? Does the true self exist? How can we manage not to turn the query about authenticity (who am I really?) into a query about personal identity (what am I?). Finally, how can we reach the true self? The issue is threefold: 1. Work out a questioning about the actual possibility of a true self. 2. Put this question back in the sphere of the theories about personal identity. 3. Regard authenticity as being both representative and mimetic and thus, consider the question of the relation to oneself in a new way. By viewing authenticity as a mimetic representation, we will find out that it can stand up to the dissolving threats of the self and overcome substantialist aporia. To deal with these questions, this philosophical work uses literary as well as philosophical viewpoints.
215

La scénarisation sous l’emprise de la métaphore spatiotemporelle : approche réflexive en environnement virtuel / Scenarisation under the influence of the spatio temporal metaphor : reflective approach in a virtual environment

Laurent, Mélody 04 April 2018 (has links)
Les travaux de recherche menés dans le domaine des environnements virtuels pour l’apprentissage humain permettent aujourd’hui d’envisager leur utilisation à des fins d’entraînement à la prise de décision en situation de crise. Le problème de ce type d’application est qu’il nécessite pour les concepteurs et les programmeurs un travail d’écriture lourd et une programmation exhaustive de l’état du monde. Notre hypothèse est de mobiliser les principes existants du récit interactif afin de proposer un design de scénarisation qui prenne en compte les aspects temporels, critiques et complexes des actions de l’apprenant. Nous proposons une approche réflexive de l’apprentissage en fondant notre scénarisation sur l’uchronie et en intégrant des notions philosophiques comme le simulacre et le rhizome dans le parcours d’apprentissage. L’apprenant pourrait revenir en arrière au sein du même scénario initié par le formateur, et le système informatique informerait ce scénario en fonction des décisions et erreurs faites par l’apprenant. Une partie de notre contribution est la conception d’une scénarisation pour un entraînement en environnement virtuel. Il respecte la réalité des experts du cas d’application concret sur lequel s’adossent nos travaux de recherches, un projet de formation de leaders médicaux au sauvetage de blessés suite à un afflux massif de blessés. / This thesis presents a story-based approach in a simulation-based learning environment in the context of crisis management. The domain of application is the management of mass casualties in the context of medical emergencies. To efficiently train medical staff, live simulations are organized, in which an entire rescue team is re-enacted. Each simulation session takes place in a pre-established pattern and includes three distinct phases : the briefing provides a framework, the scenario puts the learner in a practice of situation, and the debriefing involves the learner reflexivity with the help of the trainer’s feedback.Those simulation sessions mobilize a lot of professionals and equipment. Therefore, they cannot be used on a large scale and research is conducted to develop those trainings in virtual environments, in which the phase of debriefing is often missing while it is a crucial part in learning. Our case of application aims at creating a virtual environment for training rescue team leaders during crisis situations. In this environment, the user is a medical team leader who interacts with a team of virtual autonomous first-aid workers. In this thesis, we propose a user experience that includes both the scenario and the debriefing part of a simulation. We focus on decision making in crisis management. We suggest that the learner should reconsider his decisions if he becomes aware of a mistake he did not avoid: he could change what he has done. In the debriefing, he could visualize the consequences of those errors : he could see what he had not seen. Reflexivity of learning is an integral part of our approach. We propose a reflexive approach to learning by grounding our scenarisation on uchronia, a fiction genre consisting in stories containing "what if" scenarios at crucial points in history and present an outcome of events alternative to historical record. Our game design is based on the uchronia : when the learner becomes aware of his mistakes, he has the opportunity to go back and make a new decision. Our system will change the plot of the story by changing the occurrence probabilities of events based on a past choices of the learner, but without changing the frame or the characters in the story. Our game design offers two phases of simulation. During the scenario, the learner will explore several possible worlds. During the debrieng, he may view several possible alternatives to the scenario as a timeline.
216

Filtros para objetos / Filters for objects

Guimaraes, Jose de Oliveira 22 April 1996 (has links)
Esta tese propõe cinco construções para linguagens orientadas a objetos. Algumas delas podem ser implementadas por meio de pré-processadores. Estas construções são: visão de classe, adaptador, extensão de classe, Shell dinâmico e extensão dinâmica. Todas elas são baseadas no conceito de filtro, que e um objeto que intercepta as mensagens enviadas a um outro objeto. Visão de classe permite corrigir interpretações incorretas da semântica de uma classe no código de outras classes. Um filtro é usado para traduzir as mensagens para o significado correto. Adaptadores permitem mudar o tipo de um objeto através de um filtro e são usados para acoplar classes que, de outra forma, seriam incompatíveis quanto a tipos. Extensão de classe permite adicionar métodos e variáveis de instancia a classes sem a necessidade de edição do código fonte destas. Shell dinâmico e extensão dinâmica possuem algumas das características de meta-objetos e meta-classes, respectivamente. Eles formam um modelo reflexivo estaticamente tipado. Shell dinâmico permite redirecionar todas as mensagens enviadas a um objeto e extensão dinâmica permite substituir métodos de uma classe em tempo de execução. Todas as construções são originais, podem ser adicionadas em uma linguagem estaticamente tipada sem danificar o sistema de tipos e resolvem alguns problemas descritos na literatura de orientação a objetos. / This thesis proposes five constructions for object-oriented languages. Some of them can be implemented using a preprocessor. These constructions are: class view, adapter, class extension, dynamic shell, and dynamic extension. All of them are based in the concept of filter, that is an object that intercepts the messages sent to another object. Class view allows correcting misinterpretations about the semantics of a class in code of other classes. A filter is used to translate the messages to the correct semantics. Adapters allow changing the type of an object through a filter and are used to glue type incompatible classes. Class extension allows adding methods and instance variables to classes without editing the source code of these classes. Dynamic Shell and dynamic extension have some of the characteristics of meta-objects and meta-classes, respectively. They compose a statically typed reflective model. Dynamic shell allows to redirect all messages sent to an object and dynamic extension allows replacing methods of a class at run time. All constructs are original and can be added to a statically typed language. They solve some problems described in the object-oriented literature.
217

ANÁLISE TEXTUAL DE PRODUÇÕES AUTORREFLEXIVAS DE ALUNOS DE PEDAGOGIA: INTERFACE SOCIOCOGNITIVA DOS LETRAMENTOS ACADÊMICOS MÁRCIA

Pinho, Márcia Miller Gomes de 30 March 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:26:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Pinho.pdf: 1039564 bytes, checksum: 618bf8e8247f56f2cc82a1541d03b32c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / Although reading and writing are essential practices to foster learning and disseminate culture, they have been the subject of recurring debate and criticism in Brazil, not only as a result of low rates achieved in education statistics, but also because of the significant weaknesses faced by citizens in the exercise of social practices mediated by written texts. Despite the existing paradigm of universal basic education in Brazil, it is clear that the mere association of formal education with reading and writing does not ensure full mastery of such skills, which is crucial if citizens are to fully perform their roles as social protagonists. Given the above-mentioned context, the debate on literacy has gained increased relevance ever since it started spreading in the academic environment in the 1980s, when it approached the idea of functional literacy. It has gradually extended to all educational settings, from early childhood education programs to both graduate and undergraduate programs. This study particularly focuses on literacy in undergraduate programs, and aims to analyze the linguistic features of texts produced by undergraduate students by identifying the strategies revealed in observable socio-cognitive criteria of textuality on the textual surface. Hence this study drew upon the following theoretical references: the scenario of higher education in contemporary society, its perplexities and challenges; the concept of reflexivity in teacher education, coupled with cognitive strategies related to metacognition and metalanguage; the socio-cultural approach to literacies, as well as specificities of academic literacies; text linguistics from the knowledge-based socio-interactional perspective, focusing on the textuality mechanisms of written texts; finally, studies on social cognitive text processing. This study takes a quali-quantitative and interdisciplinary approach to reveal recurring linguistic features in texts written by students majoring in Pedagogy at the Catholic University of Pelotas, Brazil. Their texts were produced during an event on academic literacy coordinated by this researcher in 2011 and later analyzed for linguistic evidence of textuality - particularly the rates of cohesion and coherence, which were verifiable in the communicative modalities of these students, in accordance with their intended use. The analysis showed the prevalence of cognitive strategies related to the linguistic structure of colloquiality. There was little impact of metalinguistic mechanisms connected to self-reflexivity, hence compositional structures which are typical of beginning writers were highly observed, with little occurrence of strategies such as textual self-monitoring and overt concern with interlocutor s understanding, to the detriment of textual coherence development. This research expects to contribute to the processes of continuing teacher education and academic-pedagogic planning within teaching institutions. It also aims to contribute to future studies in the areas of university pedagogy, academic literacy, teacher education or other specific approaches that may rely on similar objects of study and/or the methodological framework adopted by the present study / A leitura e a escrita, enquanto práticas fundamentais ao aprendizado e à propagação da cultura, têm sido alvo de recorrentes debates e críticas no cenário nacional, seja em função da precariedade de seus índices nas estatísticas educacionais, ou pelas expressivas fragilidades enfrentadas pelos cidadãos no exercício de práticas sociais mediadas por textos escritos. Ainda que se conviva com o paradigma da universalização da escolaridade básica no país, nota-se que a mera vinculação com a educação formal não assegura o domínio pleno da leitura e da escrita para o desempenho fecundo de seu protagonismo social. Nesse contexto, a discussão do letramento, amplamente difundida no ambiente acadêmico a partir da década de 80, ao se aproximar da ideia de alfabetização funcional, tem sua pertinência ampliada, passando a abranger todos os contextos educacionais, da educação infantil aos programas de pós-graduação, passando pela educação superior, sobre a qual se detém o presente estudo. Tendo como referência a abordagem de letramentos, a pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar a caracterização linguística das produções escritas de alunos de nível superior, por meio da observação das estratégias sociocognitivas reveladas nos critérios de textualidade observáveis na superfície textual. Para tanto, são privilegiados estudos sobre o cenário da educação superior na contemporaneidade, suas perplexidades e desafios; o conceito de reflexividade na formação docente, associando-o às estratégias cognitivas ligadas à metacognição e à metalinguagem; a concepção sociocultural dos letramentos, bem como as particularidades dos letramentos acadêmicos; a linguística textual na perspectiva sociointeracional de base cognitiva, enfocando os mecanismos de textualidade das produções escritas; e, finalmente, os estudos sobre processamento sociocognitivo de textos. A partir de uma abordagem quali-quantitativa e interdisciplinar, a investigação procura desvelar características linguísticas recorrentes nas manifestações escritas de alunos concluintes do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Católica de Pelotas, produzidas durante um evento de letramento acadêmico coordenado pela pesquisadora no ano de 2011, analisando-se os indícios linguísticos de textualidade particularmente os índices de coesão e coerência verificáveis nas modalidades comunicativas desses estudantes, em conformidade com as suas finalidades de uso. As análises demonstram a prevalência de estratégias cognitivas próprias à coloquialidade, com pouca incidência de mecanismos ligados à autorreflexividade, de forma que se sobressaem as estruturas composicionais típicas de escritores iniciantes, nas quais se percebem escassas estratégias de automonitoramento textual, além de não revelarem preocupação explícita com a compreensão do interlocutor, em prejuízo, portanto, da construção da coerência textual. Considerando-se as recorrências linguísticas verificadas, bem como os questionamentos educacionais suscitados por esses achados, a pesquisa pretende contribuir também com futuros estudos correlatos nas áreas de pedagogia universitária, letramento acadêmico, formação de professores ou outras abordagens específicas que se possam valer de semelhantes objetos investigativos e/ou da estrutura metodológica adotada pelo estudo ora realizado .
218

Narrativas de consumo e cotidianidade: o discurso verde presente em embalagens e suas apropriações por mulheres de diferentes gerações / Narratives of consumption and everyday life: the discourse present in green packaging and its appropriation by women of different generations

Vollmer, Lara Cristina 20 March 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T14:10:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LARA VOLLMER.pdf: 9517427 bytes, checksum: f8c1e4c6c5dca8d99f344ee968da47cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-20 / The discourse surrounding sustainability appears in the means of communication like a powerful tool of persuasion in favor of consumption. The choice of products and services has brought with it, now more than ever, ethical, cultural, environmental, social and political implications. Within this scenario, this study seeks to understand the questions relative to green discourse, sustainability and the different forms of reflexivity of modern life, whose social practices are constantly examined and reformulated in light of information, as proposed by Giddens (1991). The study seeks to promote reflection on the circulation of green discourse and its appropriations by women of different generations, using an exploratory referential product packaging, which today acts as a strong vehicle of consumer communication and mobilization. It also seeks to better understand the relations between these generations and the topic proposed, locating convergence and divergence, points of conflict, reflexivity, fault and trust, and other aspects. To achieve this, we will use oral reports, narratives of consumption and analysis of discourse as empirical research methods, as well as on location observations of semi-structured interviews as methodological techniques, which will allow us to follow a temporal and textual path through the culture and social memory of these different generations. We will attempt to problematize the intersections between discourse an practice that emerge from the everyday experiences of these people, which will allow us to engage in a more in-depth reflection on the social uses of packaging as support for the promotion of education and civic engagement. / O discurso acerca da sustentabilidade desponta nos meios de comunicação como uma poderosa ferramenta de persuasão ao consumo. A escolha de serviços e produtos tem suscitado, mais do que nunca, implicações éticas, culturais, ambientais, sociais e políticas. Dentro desse panorama, este trabalho busca compreender as questões relativas ao discurso verde, sustentabilidade e as diversas formas de reflexividade da vida moderna, cujas práticas sociais vêm sendo constantemente examinadas e reformadas à luz da informação, conforme propõe Giddens (1991). Objetiva-se promover uma reflexão sobre a circulação do discurso verde e suas apropriações por mulheres de diferentes gerações, utilizando como referencial exploratório as embalagens, que hoje atuam como fortes veículos de comunicação e mobilização do consumidor. Pretende-se também compreender melhor as relações dessas gerações com o tema proposto, localizando convergências e divergências, pontos de conflito, reflexividade, culpa e confiança, entre outros fatores. Para tanto, utilizaremos a história oral, narrativas de consumo e análise de discurso como métodos da pesquisa empírica, bem como observações in loco entrevistas semi estruturadas como técnicas metodológicas, o que permitirá traçar um percurso temporal e textual através da cultura e da memória social dessas diferentes gerações. Trataremos de problematizar as intersecções entre discurso e prática que emergem do cotidiano dessas pessoas, e assim se poderá chegar a uma reflexão mais profunda sobre os usos sociais das embalagens como aporte para a promoção de educação e cidadania.
219

Currículo, educação à distância e cultura do estudo autônomo em curso de Pedagogia: limites e possibilidades / Curriculum, distance education and culture of the self study course in pedagogy: limits and possibilities

Anaya, Viviani 02 December 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Viviani Anaya.pdf: 918613 bytes, checksum: 1db5c4a13db5886c656c3732eb466fb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-02 / This research discusses distance education and the culture of self-study, with a view to a more active and effective participation of students in the process of knowledge construction. Therefore, the concept of autonomy becomes crucial role to play. In this research, the culture of self-study emerges as a central element and is discussed from the standpoint of contemporary, pointing to overthrow the boundaries of time and space, influencing greatly in the concept of autonomy. The notions of time, space, criticality, reflexivity, autonomy, empowerment, interpersonal relationships, meaningful learning, are striking features when the focus is on distance learning courses, as the notion of linear time and space and Cartesian posed by classroom education in distance learning courses, are gradually replaced by the space occupied virtually therefore more flexible as well as study time determined by academic independently defined. These concepts emerge exacerbated because the configuration of a course offered in distance mode presupposes knowledge and internalization of these elements by students, becoming a "sine qua non" for the continuation of studies. However, other factors influence the formation this autonomous culture. These secondary elements, namely, the organizational structure of the curriculum, the didactic aspects, methodological and evaluative, as well as materials available in virtual learning environments, permeate this search and constitute themselves into categories, providing elements for the analysis of data collected research, allowing the definition of the question that guides research: What are the limits and possibilities that pervades higher education in distance mode, considering the culture of self-study, teaching practice undertaken by teachers / tutors and curriculum of a course in pedagogy? Defined the issue, determine the locus and the research subjects. This study aims to contribute to general discussions about the limits and possibilities of higher education in the distance mode, considering the culture of self-study, teaching practice undertaken by teachers / tutors and curriculum of the Faculty of Education, object of this analysis. Specifically, this study attempts to identify if the student opts for distance education has the culture of self-study, identify the digital culture is present in the daily student who opts for distance mode; relate teaching practices, culture and self-study distance learning, recognize the importance of concepts such as autonomy, emancipation, reflexivity, collaborative work, interpersonal relationships, meaningful learning, while categories to be included in structured courses in distance mode. In this research, a qualitative approach guides both the collection of data regarding the analysis of the data collected thus abstracts itself as hypothesis, that the student who opts for training in distance mode, does not possess the culture of self-study. With this focus, this research aims to contribute to a better understanding of the condition students in distance education. This condition is established from the contemporary discussion about the culture of self-study, changing the architecture curriculum, education and geography teachers s pedagogic practice / Este trabalho de pesquisa discute a educação à distância e a cultura do estudo autônomo, com vistas a uma participação mais atuante e efetiva dos alunos no processo de construção do conhecimento. Para tanto, o conceito de autonomia passa a desempenhar papel fundamental. Nesta pesquisa, a cultura do estudo autônomo emerge como elemento central e é discutida do ponto de vista da contemporaneidade, que aponta a derrubada de fronteiras de tempo e espaço, influenciando, sobremaneira, o próprio conceito de autonomia. As noções de tempo, espaço, criticidade, reflexividade, autonomia, emancipação, relações interpessoais, aprendizagem significativa, são características marcantes quando o foco são os cursos à distância, pois a noção de tempo e espaço linear e cartesiano, posto pela educação presencial, nos cursos a distância, vão sendo gradualmente substituídos pelo espaço ocupado virtualmente, portanto, mais flexível, bem como o tempo de estudo determinado pelo acadêmico, autonomamente definido. Esses conceitos emergem potencializados, pois a configuração de um curso oferecido na modalidade à distância pressupõe o conhecimento e a introjeção destes elementos pelos estudantes, tornando-se condição sine qua non para a continuidade dos estudos. Todavia, outros elementos interferem na constituição desta cultura autônoma. Estes elementos secundários, quais sejam, a estrutura organizacional do currículo, os aspectos didáticos, metodológicos e avaliativos, bem como os materiais disponibilizados nos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, permeiam esta pesquisa e constituem-se em categorias, fornecendo elementos para a análise dos dados coletados na investigação, permitindo a definição da questão que norteia esta pesquisa: Quais são os limites e possibilidades que perpassam a formação superior, na modalidade à distância, considerando a cultura do estudo autônomo, a prática pedagógica levada a efeito pelos professores/tutores e a estrutura curricular de um curso de Pedagogia? Definida a questão, determinamos o lócus e os sujeitos da pesquisa. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral contribuir com as discussões sobre os limites e as possibilidades da formação superior, na modalidade à distância, considerando a cultura do estudo autônomo, a prática pedagógica levada a efeito pelos professores/tutores e a estrutura curricular do curso de Pedagogia, objeto desta análise. Especificamente, esta pesquisa objetiva identificar se o aluno que opta pela educação à distância possui a cultura do estudo autônomo; identificar se a cultura digital está presente no cotidiano do aluno que opta pela modalidade à distância; relacionar práticas pedagógicas inovadoras, cultura do estudo autônomo e ensino a distância; reconhecer a importância de conceitos como autonomia, emancipação, reflexividade, trabalho colaborativo, relações interpessoais, aprendizagem significativa, enquanto categorias a serem contempladas nos cursos estruturados na modalidade à distância. Nesta pesquisa, a abordagem qualitativa orienta tanto a coleta dos dados quanto à análise dos dados coletados, Assim, abstrai-se, enquanto hipótese, que o aluno que opta pela formação, na modalidade à distância, não possuiria a cultura do estudo autônomo. Com este recorte, este trabalho de pesquisa visa contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da condição discente na EaD. Esta condição se estabelece a partir da discussão contemporânea sobre a cultura do estudo autônomo, alterando a arquitetura curricular, a geografia educacional e a prática pedagógica do professor
220

Por uma estética televisiva : um olhar sobre a reflexividade em programas brasileiros

Torres, Carla Simone Doyle January 2016 (has links)
O estudo sobre a televisão – herdeira de mídias como o rádio e o cinema – não dispõe do mesmo respaldo científico de seus antecessores. Grupos de trabalho mais específicos no Brasil, a exemplo de OBITEL, passaram a ser mais frequentes a partir dos anos 2000. Estudos voltados às questões de estilo e estética do meio são ainda mais raros. Esta tese propõe uma entrada para a discussão estética pelo viés da metatevê, com o objetivo geral de traçar uma configuração para a estética da reflexividade em meio a programas de TV brasileiros, analisando as possibilidades de instauração da promessa de um gênero televisivo que ainda careça de delineação. A reflexividade é teorizada a propósito da metatevê e conceituada como um processo de irradiação desde o campo das artes. Sua conformação televisiva é verificada sobre um conjunto de programas brasileiros desde os anos 1980 até a primeira década dos anos 2000. Após uma análise prévia, de acordo com as categorias Métiers e Técnicas, Atualidades e bastidores e Promoção de programas e de canais (SPIES, 2004), é definido o corpus formado pelos programas Cena Aberta (Rede Globo, 2003), Profissão Repórter (Rede Globo, desde 2006) e No Estranho Planeta dos Seres Audiovisuais (NEPSA) (TV Futura, 2008-2009). Nesta perspectiva, trabalha-se com a possibilidade de que o estudo venha a dar corpo à ideia de Nathalie Burtin (1998) de que a Metatevê seria fundadora de um gênero televisual, bem como realizar a possibilidade de uma promessa estética, que fora debatida por Virginie Spies (2004). Em tal verificação, é feita uma análise pautada pelos fatores de ativação de estilo: Intermidialidade (CALDWELL, 1995) Plasticidade, Morfologia, Modos de Apresentação e Sons, inspirado em Elizabeth Bastos Duarte (2004). As análises mostram que há arranjos entre as possibilidades oferecidas por uma estética que já herda grande variedade de características da linguagem audiovisual partilhada com o cinema, e que ainda mantém grande dependência do suporte verbal da linguagem, o que marca a persistente influência do rádio no meio televisivo. Esse conjunto que define sua audiovisualidade (ROCHA et al, 2013) confere à televisão uma maneira peculiar para que a promessa reflexiva seja contemplada. / The study about television – heir of Medias like radio and cinema – doesn’t share the same scientific support with its predecessors. Specific TV work groups in Brazil, with Obitel as an example, became more frequent since 2000’s. This media style and aesthetic aimed studies are even rarer. This thesis suggests a starting point to the aesthetic discussion through metaTV, with the prime objective of stablishing an outline to the reflexivity aesthetic within Brazilian TV shows, verifying the possibility to set up a promise of a television genre that still needs to be defined. The reflexivity is, here, theorized from metaTV and conceptualized as an art field irradiating process. Its television form is verified upon a group of Brazilian shows, since 1980’s until 2000’s first decade. From a previous analysis, according to Metiérs and Techniques, Updates and Backstage and Program and Channel Promotion (SPIES, 2004), the corpus of this thesis is defined and constituted by Cena Aberta (REDE GLOBO, 2003), Profissão Repórter (REDE GLOBO, 2006) e No Estranho Planeta dos Seres Audiovisuais (TV FUTURA, 2008 – 2009). From this perspective, work with the possibility that the study will embody Natalie Burtin (1998) idea that metaTV would be the foundress of a television genre, as well as fulfill the aesthetic promise, argued by Virginie Spies (2004). In such verification, an analysis has been made, guided by style activation factors, like: Intermediality (CALDWELL, 1995), Plasticity, Morphology, Presentation Modes and Sounds, inspired by Elizabeth Bastos Duarte (2004). These analysis shows us that there are some arrangements among the possibilities offered by an aesthetic that inherits a big variety of audio-visual language characteristics shared with cinema that still maintain a great verbal language support boundage, wich points the persistent radio influence on television. This ensemble defines its audiovisuality (ROCHA et al, 2013) gives to television a peculiar way that reflexive promise can be accomplished.

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