La Carta sobre los gigantes patagones, publicada por primera vez en 1767, con el título de “Lettre au docteur Maty, sécretaire de la Société Royale de Londres, sur les géants patagons”, fue escrita por el abate francés Francois-Gabriel Coyer a su amigo personal, el médico inglés Mathew Maty, miembro de la Royal Society. Francois Gabriel-Coyer (1707-1789) también perteneció a la Royal Society, sin embargo tiene un recorrido intelectual distinto al de Maty: estudió humanidades y filosofía, y fue jesuita hasta que abandonó la orden en 1736, la que sería suprimida en 1773, bajo el mandato del papa Clemente XIV. La Carta es uno de las tantas obras de la producción de Coyer, registrándose además La nobleza comerciante (1756) y Chinki: la historia de la Cochinchinesa, útil y aplicable a otros países (1768), que contienen importantes reflexiones en torno a temas económicos. Su texto sobre los patagones, ha sido vinculado por la crítica con el género utópico. Sin embargo este nexo no ha sido suficientemente explicitado, suponiéndose como una constatación obvia. El problema de estudio que surge entonces es la problematización de dicha tesis, a partir de la cual se desprenden tres objetivos fundamentales: el primero, explicitar y definir el concepto de utopía en sus rasgos generales. El segundo, determinar los rasgos esenciales del género en el marco de la modernidad ilustrada. Y, finalmente, determinar el vínculo efectivo entre la Carta y la utopía, concebida como género político-ficcional que manifiesta una tipo de viajero particular: el viajero “de gabinete”.

Since the late 1970s much interest has been shown in the development of electric guitar technique. Advances have been considerable, enabling players to explore new genres and repertoires but development methodologies have remained woefully fragmented. A new approach that sets out to promote electric guitar technique with development methodology is the purpose of this study. To this end, a process of transcription combined with an advanced technical analysis has been undertaken including a full categorization of the technical subgroups extant within each Caprice. The hypothesis behind this task has been to ascertain whether a ‘technical essence’ could be discovered in the Caprices and how that could be imparted in the process of transcription. Transcribing the 24 Caprices for the electric guitar disclosed the technical components required for development which were then reduced to their constitute elements. The virtuosity and variation within the Caprices ensured that the each identified technique was developed to a high degree. The subjective nature of transcription ensured that multiple solutions were explored when a single solution to a technical problem was not obvious. The analysis section of the study demonstrated that three fundamental techniques were required to play all 24 Caprices: alternate-picking, sweep-picking, and hammer-ons and pull-offs. The analyses also provided trends showing how each technique needed to be developed to comprehensively cover all twenty-four pieces. In conclusion, the hypothesis was found to be correct.

DIAS, Roberto Barros. História da expulsão dos jesuítas da Capitania de Pernambuco e anexas (Ceará, Paraíba e Rio Grande do Norte) em 1759: a disputa política e os domínios da educação. 2017. 264f. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2017. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-24T15:19:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_rbdias.pdf: 5267531 bytes, checksum: 81b6e6c9d3b40d6f901d5a5aee977a95 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-25T11:50:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_rbdias.pdf: 5267531 bytes, checksum: 81b6e6c9d3b40d6f901d5a5aee977a95 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T11:50:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_rbdias.pdf: 5267531 bytes, checksum: 81b6e6c9d3b40d6f901d5a5aee977a95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / In the second half of the eighteenth century, the relationship between the Society of Jesus and the Portuguese Crown changed considerably, and as a consequence of this change, the apostolic and educational activities of agents of trust in the evangelizing action of the Church and the colonizing project of the Crown also changed. Accused of being responsible for the delay in education and of forming a State with a language and its own economy and self-government, within the colony, the ignatians were considered a threat both to Church and to the State, therefore enemies and passives of being expelled from the Portuguese domain. And it was from this change in the relationship of the Portuguese Crown with the Society of Jesus that it aroused our curiosity to develop the proposal of this research work, which resulted in this historical narrative, starting from the following thesis: The expulsion of the Jesuits is the result of a complex ideological movement, which signalizes a socio-political-cultural paradigm shift that includes religion and economy and is the definer of relations between Lusitanian State and Company of Jesus; And reinforcement in the search for consolidation of a novelty in the form of being of the State, absolutist illustrated, conceived under the influence of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, which implies in the rupture of the model of missionary and educational action of the Jesuits. This decision raises many questions to those who do historical research. It is interesting to know, as Pernambuco and annexed captaincies (CE, RN and PB) enter into the perspective of providers or contributors of Portuguese economic policy that assumed Brazil as the colony that would remedy the Portuguese deficit? And to what extent did the Society of Jesus interfere with this economic perspective? What is the relation between appropriation of the goods of the Jesuits of Pernambuco, Jesuit education system and economic interest of the crown? The contact with the documentary sources also raised the question of the politicaleconomic position of Great Britain as regards the relationship of the Kingdom of Portugal and the interests of Great Britain in the episode of the expulsion of the Jesuits from Brazil in 1759. The result of this research, as a doctoral thesis, seeks to analyze, above all, Jesuit Education in the relations of convergence and conflicts between the Portuguese State and the Society of Jesus, and contribute to the expansion of existing information on the state of education in the expulsion of the Jesuits of Brazil, offering new evidence on the history of this education in the Captaincy of Pernambuco and annexes (Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba and Ceará). The mid-eighteenth century outlines the time of this work. The twenty years prior to the expulsion of the Company of Jesus from the State of Brazil, 1740 to 1760, constitute, therefore, the temporal cut of the research. This time cut was made to include the conjuncture of the last decade of the Government of D. João V, fundamental to understand the reform administration of D. José I, the consolidation of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, as Minister, and the immediate changes in the Education in the colonial regime after 1759. / Na segunda metade do século XVIII, a relação da Companhia de Jesus com a coroa portuguesa muda consideravelmente, e, em consequência dessa mudança, as atividades apostólicas e educacionais dos agentes de confiança da ação evangelizadora da Igreja e do projeto colonizador da Coroa também mudam. Acusados de responsáveis pelo atraso na educação e de estarem formando um Estado com língua, economia e governo próprio dentro da colônia, os inacianos foram considerados uma ameaça tanto para a Igreja como para o Estado, portanto, inimigos e passivos de serem expulsos do domínio português. E foi a partir dessa mudança na relação da coroa portuguesa com a Companhia de Jesus que surgiu a nossa curiosidade para desenvolver a proposta deste trabalho de pesquisa, resultando nesta narrativa histórica, partindo da seguinte tese: A expulsão dos Jesuítas é o resultado de um complexo movimento ideológico, que sinaliza uma mudança de paradigma sócio-político-cultural que inclui religião e economia e é definidor das relações entre Estado lusitano e Companhia de Jesus; e reforço na busca de consolidação de uma novidade na forma de ser do Estado absolutista ilustrado, concebida sob a influência de Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, a qual implica na ruptura do modelo de ação missionária e educacional dos Jesuítas. Essa decisão suscita muitas perguntas a quem faz pesquisa histórica. Interessa saber como Pernambuco e capitanias anexas (CE, RN e PB) entram na perspectiva de provedores ou contribuintes da política econômica portuguesa que pressupunha o Brasil como a colônia que iria sanar o déficit português? E em que medida a Companhia de Jesus interferiu nessa perspectiva econômica? Qual a relação entre a apropriação dos bens dos Jesuítas de Pernambuco, o sistema de educação jesuítico e o interesse econômico da coroa? O contato com as fontes documentais suscitou a perguntar, também, sobre a posição político-econômica da Grã-Bretanha no que toca a relação do Reino de Portugal e os interesses da Grã-Bretanha no episódio da expulsão dos Jesuítas do Brasil em 1759. O resultado desta pesquisa, como tese de doutorado, busca analisar, sobretudo, a Educação Jesuítica nas relações de convergência e conflitos entre o Estado Português e a Companhia de Jesus e contribuir na ampliação das informações existentes sobre o estado da educação na expulsão dos Jesuítas do Brasil, oferecendo novas evidências sobre a história dessa educação na Capitania de Pernambuco e anexas (Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba e Ceará). Os meados do século XVIII delineiam o tempo deste trabalho. Os vinte anos que antecedem a expulsão da Companhia de Jesus do Estado do Brasil, 1740 a 1760, constituem, portanto, o corte temporal da pesquisa. Esse corte temporal foi feito por incluir a conjuntura da última década do Governo de D. João V, fundamental para entender a administração reformadora de D. José I, a consolidação de Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo como Ministro e as mudanças imediatas na educação no regime colonial após 1759.

American politics from 1832 to 1848 underwent a profound transformation. Whereas in the early years of the republic politics had been based on deference and elitism, by the early 1830's a definite change in the political arena had occurred. With the coming of the "Age of Jackson, " the political rules and styles of the older era began to change. The politics of deference began to give way to the politics of "availability." Because this study is a discussion, examination, and analysis of Webster's and Clay's "appeal to reason, " the sources most heavily consulted were the published and microfilmed correspondence, speeches, and papers of these two statesmen. Other personal papers, correspondence, memoirs, and biographies of other central personalities of the middle period, both protagonists and antagonists, were used in order to place Webster and Clay in proper historical perspective. This dissertation is organized chronologically, and it traces and analyzes the evolution of the candidacies of Webster and Clay for the presidency from the early 1830's through the four presidential elections from 1836 to 1848. Each chapter includes an examination of Clay's and Webster's attempts to secure the Whig nomination and gain the presidency through forceful appeals to the voters' sense of logic and reason. Each chapter also includes a discussion and analysis of why these two men always failed.

In the 1830s the opera-comique genre evolves from the simple "comedies melee d'ariettes" to a true operatic form with musico-dramatic significance. One primary area of development is found in the placement and dramatic function of solo forms which begin to play a markedly different role than they had in operas comiques of earlier periods. Despite the evidence suggesting significant musico-dramatic development, few scholars have attempted to identify the practices governing the placement and function of musical soli in the operas comiques of the 1830s. For this reason we have undertaken a detailed study of these elements in three libretti: Fra Diavolo (1830), Zampa (1831) and Le Pre aux Clercs (1832). In a preliminary examination, these libretti were found to exhibit traits representative of many works of the period. Our research has led us to conclude that solo forms are employed in one or more of the following four dramatic situations: (1) to convey background information to the plot or to characters, or to reveal pre-curtain events; (2) to paint a character's true personality; (3) to expose a character's emotional state of mind or train of thought at a given moment; and (4) to distribute the number of soli through the opera in a manner that reflects a character's importance in the drama. Although such uses of solo forms are not unique to the 1830s, the extent to which they were employed represents a significant departure from earlier practice. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter--by way of introduction--contrasts the roles of musical numbers in 1830s operas comiques with those of their predecessors. It also discusses the literary and musical conventions of the works of this period. The second chapter first presents a synopsis of Scribe's and Auber's opera comique Frat Diavolo, and a view of the well made play elements as displayed in the libretto, before focusing on a discussion of the placement of musical soli in the drama. Similarly, chapters three and four discuss Melesvilie's and Herold's Zampa, ou la Fiancee de marbre and Planard's and Herold's Le Pre aux Clercs respectively. The final chapter outlines the practices observed in the placement and dramatic function of soli in the three selected operas and relates the significance of these practices to the genre's development. / Arts, Faculty of / Music, School of / Graduate

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:32:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Alves de Souza Junior.pdf: 4186952 bytes, checksum: e0b9aa3fd428b04f595f67b4503fa26b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work aims to investigate the daily webs of Grao Para in the years of the seven hundreds, in order to try to understand the practices of several social actors, such as the Indians, the Jesuits, the settlers, the colonial authorities, the negros, the mixed race, and the white poor men, before and after Pombal s intervention in the colonizing process of the North Region of Portuguese Brazil. Such practices included religion, politics, war, and business. They developed in a historical context of a strong fight between missionaries and settlers, to control of the Indian workers, which led to an Indian legislation that changed according to the interests in dispute, and to each contender s power beyond the metropolis. The arrival of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, who later became the Marquis of Pombal, at the State Office for Foreign Business and War, resulted in remarkable changes in the politics of the Portuguese colony in the amazon region, which conflicted with the saving plans of the Jesus Company, causing its banishing from Portugal and all of its domains. Explaining this fact required an inquiry into the Jesuit political thinking, in order to show how it conflicted with D. Jose I s intention to settle absolutism, and laicize the Portuguese State. It also required examining issues concerning the relations between the Jesuits and the Governor of the State of Grao Para and Maranhao, Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, who built and executed the new colonial politics. The banishing of the Jesuits from the Grao Para led to confiscating their belongings, which made it possible both to reconstruct the patrimony they had accumulated, and to make them the target of uses and abuses. The work tries to penetrate into daily life in the villages, which had been transformed into small towns and places, through the Indians Directory. It also tries to analyze how social actors who took part in this new social reality experienced it, and to recover the origins of the laymen proprietary elite in the Grao Para, which had become empowered by the Jesuits banishing, as well as its business, and its compartment, after the Portuguese troops left the captaincy and conquered and settled in Caiena / O presente trabalho pretende mergulhar nas tramas do cotidiano do Grão- Pará do setecentos, no sentido de tentar compreender as práticas engendradas por diversos atores sociais, índios, jesuítas, colonos, autoridades coloniais, negros, mestiços e homens brancos pobres antes e depois da intervenção pombalina no processo de colonização da Região Norte do Brasil português. Tais práticas envolviam religião, política, guerra, negócios, e se desenvolviam num contexto histórico marcado por uma acirrada disputa pelo controle da mão-de-obra indígena travada por missionários e colonos, que fazia com que a legislação indigenista oscilasse de acordo com os interesses em jogo e o poder de barganha na Metrópole dos contendores. A ascensão de Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, futuro Marquês de Pombal, à Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios Estrangeiros e da Guerra marcou sensíveis mudanças na política colonial portuguesa na Amazônia, que entraram em rota de colisão com o plano salvacionista da Companhia de Jesus, resultando na sua expulsão de Portugal e de todos os seus domínios. A explicação de tal fato exigiu um mergulho no pensamento político jesuítico, para mostrar como ele ia de encontro às pretensões de D. José I de implementar um absolutismo de fato, laicizando o Estado português, e nas questões que envolveram os jesuítas e o governador do Estado do Grão-Pará e Maranhão, Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, construtor e executor da nova política colonial. A expulsão dos jesuítas do Grão-Pará levou ao confisco dos seus bens, o que possibilitou, não só reconstituir o patrimônio por eles formado na capitania, mas, também, os usos e abusos de que foram alvos. Além disso, o trabalho busca penetrar no dia-a-dia dos aldeamentos, transformados em vilas e lugares pelo Diretório dos Índios, e como tal experiência foi vivenciada pelos diversos atores sociais neles presentes, e recuperar as origens da elite proprietária leiga do Grão-Pará, fortalecida pela expulsão dos jesuítas, assim como seus negócios, e seu fracionamento, a partir da conquista e ocupação de Caiena por tropas portuguesas saídas da capitania

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helton de Bernardi Pizol.pdf: 445284 bytes, checksum: 5b4a1d4aaca772d8a6a51a84c76b8266 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-22 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / The present dissertation is inserted in the History of Science in Brazil , in the metalurgy field and its institutionalization in Brazil. The focus of the research is Fazenda Ipanema, located in Araçoiaba da Serra, state of São Paulo, where since the 16 th century there have been attempts, achievements and abortions in the production of iron. From the 18 th century to 19 th century, a Chemist ,John Manso Pereira , was sent to Ipanema during the first endeavor from the government to establish an ironworks factory at the place. The project was only achieved with the arrival of the swedish Hedberg, in the beginning of the 19th century,with a group of workers. Hedberg worked until 1814 when he was dismissed and replaced by the german Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Varnhagen. This dissertation is about the attempts to establish an iron and steel industry until Varnagen's return to Germany After this period, there were a few fruitless attempts during the 19th century and first half the 20th, with Fazenda Ipanema becoming nowadays an ambiental area preserved by IBAMA.( Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources) / A presente dissertação está inserida na História da Ciência no Brasil, na área da metalurgia e sua institucionalização no Brasil. O interesse da pesquisa é a Fazenda Ipanema,localizada em Araçoiaba da Serra, no Estado de São Paulo, onde desde o século XVI, houve tentativas, sucessos e fracassos na produção do ferro. Porém, do século XVIII para o XIX foi enviado a Ipanema um Quimico João Manso Pereira, na primeira tentativa do governo de estabelecer uma siderúrgica no local. O projeto foi realmente concretizado com a vinda do sueco Carl Gustav Hedberg no começo do século XIX com uma companhia de trabalhadores. Hedberg permaneceu na função até 1814 quando foi despedido e substituído pelo alemão Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Varnhagen. Este trabalho aborda as tentativas de estabelecimento de uma indústria siderúrgica até volta de Varnhagen para a Alemanha, após este período, temos algumas tentativas infrutíferas durante o século XIX e primeiro meados do século XX, se tornando Ipanema,hoje dia, um lugar de preservação ambiental do IBAMA (Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis)

<p>The essay deals with the idea of melancholia as an exclusively male feeling associated with geniality and eminence, as it is shown in the letters of three romantic men. These letters were written by the philosopher Benjamin Höijer, the poet P.D.A Atterbom, and the musician Adolf Fredrik Lindblad to their female friends Henriette von Rosenstein, Euphrosyne, and Malla Silfverstolpe. Romantic masculinity is a neglected topic that is in need of further research. An essential characteristic of romanticism is the appreciation of feeling. According to the traditional dualistic gender division though, women represented sensibility, while men instead were associated with reason. Melancholia can therefore be considered as a way for romantic men to develop a specifically male feeling of gravity and gloominess and keep it separated from a more light-hearted female sensibility. It also maintains the partition between a masculine public and a feminine private sphere, since melancholia can be seen as a more important public sensibility related to the whole of humanity, while female sorrow is restricted to personal circumstances. Though melancholia is often seen as a negative feeling, it is kept as a male privilege.</p>

The essay deals with the idea of melancholia as an exclusively male feeling associated with geniality and eminence, as it is shown in the letters of three romantic men. These letters were written by the philosopher Benjamin Höijer, the poet P.D.A Atterbom, and the musician Adolf Fredrik Lindblad to their female friends Henriette von Rosenstein, Euphrosyne, and Malla Silfverstolpe. Romantic masculinity is a neglected topic that is in need of further research. An essential characteristic of romanticism is the appreciation of feeling. According to the traditional dualistic gender division though, women represented sensibility, while men instead were associated with reason. Melancholia can therefore be considered as a way for romantic men to develop a specifically male feeling of gravity and gloominess and keep it separated from a more light-hearted female sensibility. It also maintains the partition between a masculine public and a feminine private sphere, since melancholia can be seen as a more important public sensibility related to the whole of humanity, while female sorrow is restricted to personal circumstances. Though melancholia is often seen as a negative feeling, it is kept as a male privilege.

Paganini's 24th caprice still remains to this day one of the most celebrated themes in classical music history. Many composers have used this theme to create variations and each composer attempted to produce stylistically unique variations on this piece. Hamelin's Variations on a Theme of Paganini stands out because his piece incorporates musical borrowing and many different composers' styles. His variations integrate music from different centuries, using pastiche and musical borrowing from figures such as Beethoven, Liszt, Brahms, Chopin, and Rachmaninoff. More provocatively, Hamelin's variations reach outside of Classical music, even adopting elements from salsa and friska. The spectrum of composers and styles included in this set are so radical and shocking that it creates a parody of not only Paganini's theme, but also the tradition of theme and variation pieces it has inspired. Due to its multiple variations juxtaposing extremely different styles, Hamelin's Variations on a Theme of Paganini presents the listener with a musical puzzle that is designed to invoke surprise. The juxtapositions of extremely different styles in these variations create disjointed variations with polystylism. The polystylism in this work diversifies his variations, while unifying these seemingly unbalanced movements through broad musical references. As such, both performers and listeners stand to benefit from a detailed, critical examination of the piece. I consider not just the musical sources themselves, but also the ways in which they interact, paying close attention to Hamelin's use of parody and humor.