Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2014-02-03T19:16:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz, Carlos-Dissert-2013.pdf: 1984323 bytes, checksum: e5ade1d5430f7ab30b72dd664f3432d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-03T19:16:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz, Carlos-Dissert-2013.pdf: 1984323 bytes, checksum: e5ade1d5430f7ab30b72dd664f3432d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / A pesquisa dedica atenção às práticas de pajelança descritas em crônicas de viagens e correspondências religiosas (séculos XVI-XVII), e, especialmente, em denúncias inquisitoriais (século XVIII). A partir de tal documentação, o intuito foi demonstrar que longe de serem portadores de uma “resistência surda”, os pajés e suas tradições se transformaram ao longo das vivências coloniais e contatos interétnicos. O exercício missionário e a catequização dos indígenas são destacados como produtores de novas necessidades simbólicas, espaços de interações culturais e simbólicas que modificavam os limites do campo de ação religiosa. Foi perante a estas mudanças que os pajés procuravam se “refazer”, no sentido de satisfazerem as novas demandas e também de reproduzirem autonomamente elementos do próprio cristianismo, ampliando suas áreas de atuação e “clientes”. São eles os principais personagens desta análise, atores que rearticulavam padrões religiosos e morais do “mundo cristão” e “indígena” e / The research devotes attention to the practices of shamanism described in chronicles of trips and religious correspondence (XVI-XVII centuries), and especially in complaints inquisitorial (eighteenth century). From such documentation, the purpose was to demonstrate that far from being carriers of a “resistance deaf”, the shamans and their traditions have turned over the colonial experiences and interethnic contacts. Exercise missionary and evangelizing the natives are highlighted as producing new needs symbolic spaces of cultural and symbolic interactions which changed the boundaries of the field of religious action. It was before these changes that the shamans looked up “redo” in the sense of meeting the new demands and also replicate autonomously elements of Christianity itself, expanding their fields and “customers”. They are the main characters of this analysis, actors rearticulavam patterns religious and moral of the “Christian world” and “indigenous” in a proper way to act in space and convivial living in the colony.

« Pour arriver, voyez-vous, il n’y a que le théâtre… ». C’est ce conseil, adressé par Janin aux frères Goncourt en décembre 1851, qui oriente rapidement ces jeunes écrivains vers le chemin épineux du théâtre et de la mise en scène. Le Journal des Goncourt raconte durant quarante-cinq ans la relation tumultueuse des écrivains d’Henriette Maréchal avec la scène. Néanmoins, l’œuvre dramatique d’Edmond et de Jules de Goncourt est très peu étudiée et attire rarement les éditeurs. En témoigne l’absence de toute édition moderne de cette œuvre. Ce travail propose une édition électronique de quatre pièces écrites par les Goncourt : deux pièces originales signées par les deux frères : Henriette Maréchal (1865) et La Patrie en Danger (1889) et deux adaptations de romans réalisées par Edmond de Goncourt : Germinie Lacerteux (1888) et Manette Salomon (1896). Il s’agit à la fois d’une édition critique enrichie par des notes et des fiches thématiques, lexicales et biographiques, d’un espace interactif où les chercheurs pourraient à la fois puiser des ressources relatives à l’expérience dramatique des frères Goncourt et compléter les notes et textes annexés à cette édition, et enfin d’une illustration de l’apport des nouvelles technologies à l’édition et à l’étude des textes littéraires. La recherche témoigne d’une expérience d’exploration assistée par ordinateur d’un corpus littéraire et d’une réflexion sur la particularité et les limites d’une telle expérience. / « To succeed there is only drama ... » This is how Janin advice the Goncourt brothers in December 1851, which quickly directs these young writers to the tricky path of theater and drama. The Journal des Goncourt tells for forty-five years the tumultuous relation of the writers of Henriette Maréchal with the stage. However, the drama of Edmond and Jules de Goncourt is little studied and rarely attracts editors. The absence of any modern edition of their work is a proof to that. This work suggests an electronic version of four plays written by the Goncourt: two original works signed by the broth-ers themselves: Henriette Maréchal (1865) and La Patrie en Danger (1889) and two ad-aptations of novels by Edmond de Goncourt: Germinie Lacerteux (1888) and Manette Salomon (1896).It is both a critical edition enriched by notes and fact sheets, lexical and bio-graphical. That is an interactive space where researchers could both draw resources for the dramatic experience of the Goncourt brothers and complete texts and notes attached to this issue, and finally an illustration of the contribution of new technologies to the edition and study of literary texts. It is a computer-based research of a literary corpus and a reflection on the particularity and the limits of such an experiment.

The origin of the story of Narcissus is unknown, and the circumstances of his death are uncertain, but the most popular version of the tale as told by Ovid has been read, translated, explained, moralized and disputed by innumerable writers and alluded to by many more. Renaissance writers in England, such as Golding, Edwards and Sandys, were interested in first introducing the myth into their own language and then, in explaining its meanings, lessons and moralizations. Later poets paraphrased their translations, often adding their own point of view or else using only the skeleton structure of the myth for their own poetic purposes. The simple story of a youth who died by a pool after falling hopelessly in love with his own reflection acquired a significance and immortality worthy of a Greek god. The Eighteenth Century writers, who were less interested in the gods than their predecessors had been, almost completely ignored Narcissus in their poetry, but later poets such as Blake, Shelley and Keats revived him once again and transformed the faded youth into a Romantic. In The Book of Thel Blake explores the consequences of self-love, and anticipates the fuller development of this theme in The Four Zoas. He uses the archetypal pattern of the Narcissus myth for portraying the fading Thel, who refuses to enter the state of Generation because she is afraid of the voice of experience that she meets in her own grave when she descends into the underworld. Her sterile separation from her Spectre is similar to the unconsummated relationship between Narcissus and Echo. Thel fleeing from her grave escapes back to non-existence, fading by the river like Narcissus and Echo. An understanding of the function of the Narcissus story in Shelley's poem, Alastor, is indispensable to an interpretation of this controversial poem. Shelley's allusions to the myth are faithful to the Ovidian version of Narcissus as a youth who sighs away his life after seeing his own shadow in a well. Shelley associates the Poet's quest with the Narcissus myth by generally paralleling the narrative structure of Ovid's story, and by employing much of its imagery. Chapter II argues that Shelley's poem is both unified and consistent when it is interpreted in terms of the Narcissus theme. Keats primarily uses the popular myth of Endymion and Cynthia in his poem, Endymion, but also includes other myths in the manner of the Renaissance epyllion. The most significant addition to the main myth is the story of Narcissus as a comment on the nature of Endymion's quest. Keats pictures the hero at the well, viewing the reflection of the vision, in order to establish the specific parallel to Ovid's story. Endymion, however, unlike Narcissus or the Poet in Alastor, recognizes his illusion and proceeds towards accepting his responsibility to his kingdom and to the Echo figures in the poem. The analysis concludes with a comparison of the specific handling of the Narcissus myth in the three poems in terms of the various versions of the myth, the treatment of the metamorphosis of Narcissus Into a flower, and the development of the theme of self-love. The thesis establishes the significance of the Narcissus myth in The Book of Thel, Alastor and Endymion, and evaluates Blake's, Shelley's and Keats's contribution to the attempts of the Renaissance writers to introduce the Ovidian story into English literature. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

In its earliest form, the Tristram legend was probably a Celtic folk-tale known in oral tradition as early as the eighth or ninth century. During the early part of the twelfth century it became known in France and Brittany; and there, in the later years of that same century, it was recorded in a lost romance now referred to as the Ur-Tristan. From this source, so it is believed, the earliest extant romances upon the subject were derived. During the twelfth century, two main versions developed—first the version des jongleurs, given in the poems of Béroul and Eilhart von Oberge, and second, the version courtoise given in Thomas's Tristan and some derivatives of it. Among these last, the Tristan of Gottfried von Strassburg, written about 1215, is generally regarded as one of the masterpieces of medieval literature. In the early thirteenth century, the legend was employed in an anonymous romance, the French prose Tristan. In this version, which was greatly influenced by the prose Lancelot cycle, the narrative is so grossly adulterated by the machinery of thirteenth-century courtly romance that the original love story is all but obscured. In most texts of the prose Tristan, even the traditional love-death scene is altered. This account of the legend became for five centuries the only version in which it was known. Two treatments of the legend appeared in Middle English literature. First is the northern Sir Tristrem, an anonymous poem composed about 1300 and based upon the Tristan of Thomas. Secondly, the Morte d'Arthur, composed by Sir Thomas Malory about 1469, contains an account of the Tristram legend based entirely upon the French prose Tristan. The legend did not again receive a major treatment in English literature until the mid-nineteenth century, when it became the subject of poems by Matthew Arnold, Alfred Lord Tennyson, and Algernon Charles Swinburne. Arnold's "Tristram and Iseult" is based, except for the love-death episode, upon the version courtoise. Arnold regarded as the central problem of the narrative, not the love story itself, but Tristram's conflicting loyalties to the two Iseults, and sympathized, not with the ill-fated lovers, but with Iseult of Brittany, the innocent victim of the tragic love. She becomes in his poem symbolic of the Stoic way of life, the compromise which Arnold offered to resolve the conflict of emotion and intellect. Tennyson treated the Tristram legend in "The Last Tournament," one of the Idylls of the King based upon Malory's Morte d'Arthur. The legend is employed in the moral allegory of the Idylls as an illustration of the evil consequences of adultery. In thus regarding the love story merely as a tale of adultery, Tennyson deviated greatly from the traditionally sympathetic treatment of the narrative. Swinburne's Tristram of Lyonesse is, like Arnold's poem, based chiefly upon the version courtoise. In Swinburne’s treatment the love story is again central, the theme being an exaltation of the ennobling and sanctifying power of human love. Along with the explicit exaltation of passionate love is an implied criticism of the hypocritical morality and distrust of passion which Swinburne regarded as prevalent in his age. Although these three Victorian poems differ widely in plot, characterization and purpose, the Tristram legend is employed didactically in each, and the purposes governing its didactic treatment are dictated by the age in which and for which the poems were written. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

Orientador: Jean Marcel Carvalho França / Banca: Ricardo Alexandre Ferreira / Banca: Adriana Pereira Campos / Banca: Antono Carlos Jucá de Sampaio / Banca: Leila Mezan Algranti / Resumo: As descrições de aspectos diversos da vida dos escravos foram constantes nas narrativas sobre o Brasil ao longo do período denominado colonial. Em textos de caráter religioso, relatos de viajantes que por aqui passaram, crônicas e histórias acerca do Brasil, manuais de agricultura, compêndios médicos e cirúrgicos e em documentos administrativos, as menções ao tratamento, a atenção e a manutenção dos escravos se fizeram presentes, dando pistas sobre o que era necessário, desejável ou reprovável para aqueles que tinham a tarefa de mantê-los vivos e produtivos. Considerando essa variada documentação, notadamente os escritos produzidos entre meados do século XVII, quando as notícias sobre o escravo passam a transpor a mera constatação de sua presença nos trópicos, até a transladação da Corte em 1808 e as consequentes modificações empreendidas no cotidiano da colônia, o presente estudo objetiva interrogar as prescrições e descrições delineadas sobre o sustento dos cativos. A partir de três aspectos recorrentemente elencados como imprescindíveis para o adequado trato da escravaria, a vestimenta, a incidência de castigos físicos e a alimentação - ou, como ficaram conhecidos na máxima do jesuíta André João Antonil, os "três PPP", pano, pau e pão -, o alvo do estudo são as prescrições, narrações e seus fundamentos, em benefício do erário, da boa moral e dos preceitos cristãos. / Abstract: The descriptions of various aspects of slaves' lives were constantly reported in the narratives about Brazil during the so-called colonial period. In religious texts, travel accounts, chronicles and reports about Brazil, agricultural manuals, medical and surgical compendia and in administrative documents, mentions on treatment, care and maintenance of the slaves were presented, giving tips for those who had the task of keeping them alive and productive about what should be necessary, desirable, or reproachable. Considering such documents, notably those written between the middle of the seventeenth century - when the texts started to indicate more than merely the slaves' presence in the tropics - and the arrival of the Portuguese Court in 1808 - and the subsequent modifications in the colony's daily life -, this study intends to interrogate the prescriptions and descriptions on slaves' maintenance. Given the three aspects that were recurrently listed as essential for an appropriate care of the slaves - dressing, feeding and corporal punishment - or, as the Jesuit André João Antonil synthesized, the «three PPP», in Portuguese, «pano, pau e pão» - this study aims to scrutinize the prescriptions, narrations and its principles, in the benefit of public and private funds, the moral and the Christian... / Resume: Les descriptions à propos de différents aspects de la vie des esclaves ont été constants dans les récits sur le Brésil produits au cours de la période dénommée coloniale. Dans les textes religieux, les rapports de voyageurs qui sont passés par ici, les chroniques et les histoires sur le Brésil, e aussi dans les manuels d'agriculture, de médicine et de chirurgie et dans les documents officiels, les allusions sur le traitement, les soins et l'entretien des esclaves étaient présents, donnant des indices sur ce qui était nécessaire, souhaitable ou répréhensible pour ceux qui avaient la mission de les garder vifs et productifs. En considérant cette variété de documents, notamment les écrits produits entre le milieu du XVIIe siècle, quand les informations sur les esclaves passent à transposer le simple fait de leur présence, et la translocation de la Cour en 1808 et leurs conséquences au milieu du quotidien colonial, cette étude vise à examiner les prescriptions et les descriptions sur l'entretien des captifs. À partir de trois aspects annoncés à plusieurs reprises comme l'essentiel pour le traitement approprié des esclaves, c'est-à-dire, les vêtements, les châtiments corporels et la nourriture - ou, comme les appelait le jésuite André João Antonil les « trois PPP », tissu, bâton et pain, en portugais, « pano, pau e pão »- le but du présent étude sont les prescriptions, narrations et de leurs fondements, au profit du trésor public, aux bonnes mœurs et les préceptes chrétiens / Doutor

English poetry in particular has received both enrichment and motivation from classical sources. The case of Percy Bysshe Shelley, nineteenth century English Romantic poet, provides an excellent illustration of this point. This study will attemp to place before the reader evidence of Shelley's debt to ancient Greece as revealed in his life and his poetry, with particular emphasis upon the influences of Aeschylus and Plato.

No description available.

This dissertation offers a new interpretation of the middle decades of nineteenth-century Egypt, which were decisive in forming Egyptian modernity. This period is usually understood as merely the precursor to the direct colonial rule that followed. Instead, this dissertation argues that the reigns of Sa‘īd (1854-1863) and Ismā‘īl (1863-1879) were defined by Egypt’s unique legal status. During this period, Egypt was neither a sovereign state, nor directly ruled by the Ottoman Empire, nor annexable to any other empire. This peculiar legal status led to the emergence of Egypt as an object of “the universal.” This term is taken from the unusual name of the “Universal Company” that was created to build and operate the Suez Canal. The term denoted a new commercial domain, external to Europe and shaped by, yet equidistant from, the continent’s competing empires.The attempts to develop European capital outside the existing empires necessitated the construction of a new legal and political order. Taking the construction of the Canal as a vantage point through which to explore the consolidation of this new order, the dissertation focuses on three aspects. First, I show how both Ottoman-Islamic and European precedents contributed to the formation of the universal. I outline social and legal changes, spanning the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, that allowed the extension of the European company-form to the Ottoman world in the nineteenth century; trace the rise of Egypt as a pivotal link of imperial communications in the first half of the nineteenth century; and investigate the implications of the political tensions between the Ottoman Sultan and his viceroy in Egypt in the 1830s. Second, I explore the consolidation of the universal legal domain in Egypt. I argue that the inter-imperial dispute over the construction of the Suez Canal led to the emergence of the company as the object of the universal, and that, in the following decades, the company’s directors catalyzed the entrenchment of a “universal” commercial domain in Egypt in the period between 1868 and 1876. Finally, I explore the implications of the universality of Egypt on the rise of modern government. I focus on the legal transformations, including the formation of the Mixed Courts, that foreshadowed the establishment of modern courts; changes in the command of labor that gave rise to Egyptianness as a collective identity; and the indebtedness of the government that precipitated the emergence of an independent (non-Ottoman) state apparatus with compromised sovereignty.

No description available.

nÃo hà / O constitucionalismo promovido pela RebeliÃo do Porto, no alvorecer da dÃcada de 1820, difundiu e popularizou uma nova linguagem polÃtica, que, atà entÃo, era proferida com muita ressalva por seus simpatizantes. Conceitos como os de representatividade polÃtica, soberania popular, igualdade jurÃdica, dentre outros, ligados à tradiÃÃo iluminista, de repente tornaram-se assuntos corriqueiros nos sermÃes dos padres e na retÃrica de senhoriatos locais. Impresso nas pÃginas dos jornais e lidos em voz alta nos alpendres das casas na presenÃa de escravos e agregados. Assim, as novas ideias do constitucionalismo chegaram com forÃa ao Cearà da dÃcada de 1820. Neste contexto, um grupo de comerciantes, burocratas e militares da cidade de Fortaleza e de outras vilas da provÃncia do CearÃ, viram ali uma oportunidade para comporem um governo que atendesse seus interesses. Com a intensÃo de ocuparem os cargos administrativos provinciais, bem como de elegerem-se para o parlamento nacional (primeiro em Lisboa, depois no Rio de Janeiro), esta elite provincial tratou de ampliar suas relaÃÃes de alianÃas, atravÃs das prÃticas de troca de favores, recorrendo para tal Ãs mercÃs remuneratÃrias da fase colonial. Por outro lado, as disputas pelos espaÃos de poder entre os membros dos senhoriatos locais, levaram nÃo sà à formaÃÃo de alianÃas, mas tambÃm à rancores e rivalidades entre as casas. Nascia assim os chamados partidos polÃticos provinciais, caracterizados como alianÃas entorno de uma personalidade polÃtica influente, obtendo vantagens significativas para si e seu grupo, em troca da garantia de resultados favorÃveis nos pleitos eleitorais e da perseguiÃÃo aos inimigos locais. Mediante o citado, a presente tese traz como problema a formaÃÃo do Estado nacional brasileiro, na provÃncia do CearÃ, abordando o papel da elite local durante o processo. / The constitutionalism promoted by the Porto Revolution, at the dawn of the 1820s, spread and popularized a new political language, that until then circulated very little, due to the prohibitions imposed by the colonial government. Concepts such as political representation, popular sovereignty, legal equality, among others, linked to the Enlightenment tradition, have suddenly become commonplace subjects in the sermons of the priests and in the rhetoric of local lords. Printed on the pages of the newspapers and read aloud on the porches of houses in the presence of slaves and clusters, the new ideas of constitutionalism arrived with force in Cearà in the 1820s. In this context, a group of merchants and bureaucrats from Fortaleza, as well as other towns in the province of CearÃ, saw an opportunity there to create a government that would serve their interests. With the intention of occupying the provincial administrative positions, as well as of being elected to the national parliament (first in Lisbon, later in Rio de Janeiro), this provincial elite tried to extend its relations of alliances, through the practices of exchange of favors, resorting to the patronage practices of the colonial phase. On the other hand, disputes over the power spaces between the members of the local lords led not only to the formation of alliances, but also to rancor and rivalry between houses. The so-called provincial political parties were born, characterized as alliances surrounding an influential political personality, gaining significant advantages for themselves and their group, in exchange for the guarantee of favorable results in the elections and the persecution of the local enemies. Through this, the present thesis presents as a problem the formation of the Brazilian national state, in the province of CearÃ, addressing the role of the local elite during the process.